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Sayyar Z, Mahdavinia GR, Khataee A. Dual-drug (Curcumin/Ciprofloxacin) loading and release from chitosan-based hydrogels embedded with magnetic Montmorillonite/Hyaluronic acid for enhancing wound healing. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:66. [PMID: 37907952 PMCID: PMC10619246 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Montmorillonite (MMt) is extensively applied as an efficient drug-carrier in designing drug delivery systems (DDS) due to its high specific surface area to load drugs. Modification of MMt via iron (Fe) blending can thus be a desirable method to improve its biocompatibility. Herein, magnetic nano-carriers involving the magnetic MMt (mMMt) core surrounded by chitosan (Chito) as a biopolymer and hyaluronic acid (HA) were prepared. To coat the mMMt fabricated through the coprecipitation of the Fe3+/Fe2+ ions in the presence of MMt, the acquired mMMt as the core was then treated with the Chito/HA solution to induce the cross-linked Chito/HA as the shell (namely, the Chito/HA-mMMt). The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results accordingly revealed the existence of the mMMt inside the Chito/HA solution. Curcumin (CUR) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) were further employed as two model drugs. The CUR and CIP release from the Chito/HA-mMMt subsequently occurred in a sustained manner and pH-dependently. Additionally, an upsurge in the CUR and CIP release by applying an external magnetic field was observed. Thus, the prepared Chito/HA-mMMt hydrogels promise an outstanding potential performance in terms of expanding novel pH-dependent DDS with a sustained release behavior. The scratch assay of the given hydrogels also confirms their applications for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Sayyar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, 55513-95133, Iran.
| | - Gholam Reza Mahdavinia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Polymer Research Laboratory, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, 55181-83111, Iran
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, 51666-16471, Iran
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400, Turkey
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Jabbari P, Mahdavinia GR, Rezaei PF, Heragh BK, Labib P, Jafari H, Javanshir S. pH-responsive magnetic biocompatible chitosan-based nanocomposite carrier for ciprofloxacin release. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 250:126228. [PMID: 37558030 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
The pH-sensitive and magnetic-triggered release ensures the effective delivery of drugs. Chitosan carries amine pendants that encourage the fabrication of pH-responsive carriers. Montmorillonite (MMt), an attractive nano-clay in drug delivery possessing high encapsulation properties, was magnetized through the co-precipitation of Fe3+/Fe2+ ions. The study aimed to integrate the magnetic montmorillonite (mMMt) into the chitosan matrix and crosslinked by citric acid (CA) to achieve the nanocomposite carrier with double-responsive features for effective drug delivery. The release evaluation revealed that coating the mMMt with CA-crosslinked chitosan prevented the burst release of Ciprofluxcacin (Cip). The nanocomposite showed a high sustained release, and the release rate in the neutral environment (pH 7.4) was remarkably higher than in acidic media (pH 5.8). The new nanocomposite carrier showed high encapsulation efficiency to Cip (about 98 %). The study was developed by investigating external magnetic effects on the release rate, which lead to an increase in the release rate. The kinetics studies confirmed the diffusion mechanism for Cip release in all experimental media. The Cip-loaded nanocomposite carriers showed antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parinaz Jabbari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Gholam Reza Mahdavinia
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Parisa Fathi Rezaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Bagher Kazemi Heragh
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Parisa Labib
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Hessam Jafari
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, 55181-83111 Maragheh, Iran
| | - Shahrzad Javanshir
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
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Abstract
Antibiotic medications have been found to hinder the success of regenerative endodontic treatment due to the rapid degradation of the drug, and the acidic nature of ciprofloxacin (CIP) can be harmful to stem cells of the apical papilla (SCAPs), the cells responsible for regeneration. In this study, a nanocarrier system was used for controlled drug release for longer drug activity and less cytotoxicity to the cells. CIP was loaded in poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) with an ion-pairing agent. The NPs demonstrated a monodispersed spherical morphology with a mean diameter of 120.7 ± 0.43 nm. The encapsulation efficiency of the CIP-loaded PEG-PLGA NPs was 63.26 ± 9.24%, and the loading content was 7.75 ± 1.13%. Sustained CIP release was achieved over 168 h and confirmed with theoretical kinetic models. Enhanced NP bactericidal activity was observed against Enterococcus faecalis. Additionally, CIP-loaded PEG-PLGA NPs had a low cytotoxic effect on SCAPs. These results suggest the use of a nanocarrier system to prolong the antibiotic activity, provide a sterile environment, and prevent reinfection by the bacteria remaining in the root canal during regenerative endodontic treatment.
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Kavanagh ON. Alkalising agents in urinary tract infections: theoretical contraindications, interactions and synergy. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2022; 13:20420986221080794. [PMID: 35321040 PMCID: PMC8935415 DOI: 10.1177/20420986221080794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Alkalising agents have the potential to enhance the efficacy of many antimicrobial agents used in the treatment of Urinary Tract Infections; they also have the potential to cause significant patient harm if used incorrectly. This work seeks to illustrate and quantify these risks and synergies by modelling drug solubility and supersaturation against pharmacokinetic data for commonly used antibiotic agents. Methods: Solubility-pH relationships are employed to quantify the crystalluria risk for compounds which may be reasonably expected to be co-prescribed—or co-administered—with urinary alkalisers (amoxicillin, nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin). These results are correlated against reports of crystalluria in the literature and in the EU Adverse Drug Reaction database. Results and Discussion: We find a correlation between the maximum theoretical supersaturation attainable and crystalluria reports for sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin. Shifts in urine pH which can be induced by alkalising agents may produce supersaturated states (and thus induce crystalluria) and may also affect antimicrobial efficacy. The importance of employing biorelevant media to improve predictive capacity of this analysis is also discussed. Conclusion: Despite their widespread use, alkalising agents have significant effects on the pharmacokinetics of the most common drugs used to treat UTIs. With self-care set to increase, all OTC products should be critically re-evaluated to ensure patient safety, particularly within contexts where healthcare professionals are not involved in treatment selection. This analysis suggests a need for consistency across patient and healthcare professional documents to improve clarity. Plain Language Summary OTC Alkalising agents need additional warning information
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Nugraha YP, Sugiyama H, Uekusa H. Ciprofloxacin salt and salt co-crystal with di-hydroxy-benzoic acids. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2022; 78:259-263. [PMID: 35371545 PMCID: PMC8900500 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989022001177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structure of two multi-component crystals of ciprofloxacin [systematic name: 1-cyclo-propyl-6-fluoro-4-oxo-7-(piperazin-1-yl)quinoline-3-carb--oxy-lic acid], a fluoro-quinolone anti-biotic, namely, ciprofloxacin 2,6-di-hydroxy-benzoate salt, C17H19FN3O3 +·C7H5O4 -, (I), and ciprofloxacin hydro-chloride-3,5-di-hydroxy-benzoic-water (1/1/1), C17H19FN3O3 +·Cl-·C7H6O4·H2O, (II), were determined. In (I) and (II), the ciprofloxacin cations are connected via head-to-tail N-H⋯O hydrogen bonding. Both structures show an alternating layered arrangement between ciprofloxacin and di-hydroxy-benzoic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Prasetya Nugraha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Haruki Sugiyama
- Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, Hiyoshi, 4-1-1, Kohoku, Yokohama 223-8521, Japan
- Department of Life and Coordination-Complex Molecular Science, Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Uekusa
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1, Ookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
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Abioye A, Naqvi M, Pattni D, Adepoju-Bello AA. Non-intuitive Behavior of Polymer-Ciprofloxacin Nanoconjugate Suspensions: a Tool for Flexible Oral Drug Delivery. AAPS PharmSciTech 2021; 22:229. [PMID: 34467444 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-021-02105-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CPX) is prone to spontaneous self-aggregation and formation of supramolecular dimers (π - π stacking) due to its complicated surface chemistry which has been associated with its anomalous solubility and instability in aqueous systems particularly near neutral pH. The surface characteristic of ciprofloxacin was modified through non-intuitive counterion interaction between CPX and diethylaminoethyl dextran (DDEX) to form nanoconjugate assembly. The CPX-DDEX nanoconjugate was confirmed by FTIR, SEM, DSC, TGA, and 1H-NMR. The DSC thermograms showed a remarkable 20% reduction in the melting temperature (Tm) of CPX from 268.57±1.11°C to 214.36±1.0211°C and 78% reduction in enthalpy of fusion (ΔHf) from 59.84 kJ/mol (180.59 J/g) to 12.90 kJ/mol (38.92 J/g), indicating increased solubility and dissolution efficiency. DDEX polymer alone exhibited pseudoplastic characteristics however with more viscous rather than elastic response, while the CPX-DDEX nanoconjugate suspensions exhibited remarkable elastic behavior with significantly increased storage modulus (G') thus controlling and extending the release of CPX. The reconstituted freeze-dried CPX-DDEX nanoconjugate suspension was chemically stable throughout the 90-day study both in the refrigerator and at controlled room temperature, while the aqueous suspension of pure CPX without DDEX was only stable for 72 and 24 h, respectively. The dissolution efficiency of the CPX-DDEX nanoconjugate suspensions increased with increasing molar concentration of DDEX to a maximum of 100% at 50 μM of DDEX followed by a remarkable decrease within the 3-week study. It was apparent that the dissolution efficiency was governed by a critical balance between the CPX solubility and the viscoelastic characteristics of the polymeric nanoassembly. This study demonstrates the potential application of polymer-drug nanoconjugation formulation design to stabilization and flexible delivery of CPX from aqueous suspension systems. Graphical abstract.
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Ferreira M, Gameiro P. Fluoroquinolone-Transition Metal Complexes: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9071506. [PMID: 34361943 PMCID: PMC8303200 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9071506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are antibiotics widely used in the clinical practice due to their large spectrum of action against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Nevertheless, the misuse and overuse of these antibiotics has triggered the development of bacterial resistance mechanisms. One of the strategies to circumvent this problem is the complexation of FQs with transition metal ions, known as metalloantibiotics, which can promote different activity and enhanced pharmacological behaviour. Here, we discuss the stability of FQ metalloantibiotics and their possible translocation pathways. The main goal of the present review is to frame the present knowledge on the conjunction of biophysical and biological tools that can help to unravel the antibacterial action of FQ metalloantibiotics. An additional goal is to shed light on the studies that must be accomplished to ensure stability and viability of such metalloantibiotics. Potentiometric, spectroscopic, microscopic, microbiological, and computational techniques are surveyed. Stability and partition constants, interaction with membrane porins and elucidation of their role in the influx, determination of the antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical isolates, elucidation of the mechanism of action, and toxicity assays are described for FQ metalloantibiotics.
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Lavanya MN, Preethi R, Moses JA, Anandharamakrishnan C. Aerosol-based Pulmonary Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules from Food Sources: Delivery Mechanism, Research Trends, and the Way Forward. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1888971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. N. Lavanya
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, India
| | - R. Preethi
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, India
| | - J. A. Moses
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, India
| | - C. Anandharamakrishnan
- Computational Modeling and Nanoscale Processing Unit, Indian Institute of Food Processing Technology (IIFPT), Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. Of India, India
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9
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Ferreira M, Sousa CF, Gameiro P. Fluoroquinolone Metalloantibiotics to Bypass Antimicrobial Resistance Mechanisms: Decreased Permeation through Porins. MEMBRANES 2020; 11:membranes11010003. [PMID: 33375018 PMCID: PMC7822003 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are broad-spectrum antibiotics largely used in the clinical practice against Gram-negative and some Gram-positive bacteria. Nevertheless, bacteria have developed several antimicrobial resistance mechanisms against such class of antibiotics. Ternary complexes of FQs, copper(II) and phenanthroline, known as metalloantibiotics, arise in an attempt to counteract an antibiotic resistance mechanism related to low membrane permeability. These metalloantibiotics seem to use an alternative influx route, independent of porins. The translocation pathways of five FQs and its metalloantibiotics were studied through biophysical experiments, allowing us to infer about the role of OmpF porin in the influx. The FQ-OmpF interaction was assessed in mimetic membrane systems differing on the lipidic composition, disclosing no interference of the lipidic composition. The drug-porin interaction revealed similar values for the association constants of FQs and metalloantibiotics with native OmpF. Therefore, OmpF mutants and specific quenchers were used to study the location-association relationship, comparing a free FQ and its metalloantibiotic. The free FQ revealed a specific association, with preference for residues on the centre of OmpF, while the metalloantibiotic showed a random interaction. Thereby, metalloantibiotics may be an alternative to pure FQs, being able to overcome some antimicrobial resistance mechanism of Gram-negative bacteria related to decreased membrane permeability.
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Soldevila S, Bosca F. Assessing physical properties of amphoteric fluoroquinolones using phosphorescence spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 227:117569. [PMID: 31670049 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The self-association of fluoroquinolones (FQ) in water would play a relevant role in their translocations across lipid membranes. Triplet excited states of these drugs have been shown as reporters of FQ self-association using laser flash photolysis technique. A study using low-temperature phosphorescence technique was performed with quinolone derivatives such as enoxacin (ENX), norfloxacin (NFX), pefloxacin (PFX), ciprofloxacin (CPX, ofloxacin (OFX), nalidixic acid (NLA), pipemidic acid (PPA) and piromidic acid (PRA) to explore emission changes associated with self-associations and to shed some light on the triplet excited state energy (ET) discrepancies described in the literature for most of these drugs. The emissions obtained at 77 K in buffered aqueous medium revealed that the amphoteric nature of the quinolones CPX, NFX, PFX, ENX, OFX and PPA must generate their self-associations because a redshift of their phosphorescence maxima is produced by FQ concentrations increases. Hence, this effect was not observed for NLA and PRA or when all quinolones were analysed using ethanol or ethylene glycol aqueous mixtures as glassed solvents. Interestingly, the presence of these organic mixtures produced a blue-shift in the phosphorescence emission maximum of each FQ. Additionally, laser flash photolysis experiments with PRA and the amphoteric quinolone PPA, compounds with the same skeleton but different peripheral substituent, confirm the expected correlations between the amphoteric nature of compounds and their self-associations in aqueous media because the excimer generation was only detected for PPA. Now, the discrepancies described in the literature for the ET of FQs can be understood considering that changes of medium polarity or proticity as well as the temperature can considerably modify their ET values. Thereby, low-temperature phosphorescence technique, is an effective way to detect molecular self-associations and surrounding changes in quinolones that opens the possibility to evaluate these effects in other drug families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Soldevila
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Avda de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco Bosca
- Instituto de Tecnología Química UPV-CSIC, Universitat Politècnica de València, Avda de los Naranjos, s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
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Devi GN, Unnisa CBN, Roopan SM, Hemapriya V, Chitra S, Chung IM, Kim SH, Prabakaran M. Floxacins: as Mediators in Enhancing the Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency of Natural Polymer Dextrin. Macromol Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-020-8071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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12
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Kosińska M, Zapała L, Zapała W, Woźnicka E. Response of the DFT study to the calculations of selected microdissociation constants of anthranilic acid and its derivatives. Chem Phys Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.06.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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13
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Mahalakshmi D, Hemapriya V, Subramaniam EP, Chitra S. Synergistic effect of antibiotics on the inhibition property of aminothiazolyl coumarin for corrosion of mild steel in 0.5 M H2SO4. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Preparation and characterization of amorphous ciprofloxacin-amino acid salts. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2017; 121:73-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Valdés L, Pérez I, de Ménorval LC, Altshuler E, Fossum JO, Rivera A. A simple way for targeted delivery of an antibiotic: In vitro evaluation of a nanoclay-based composite. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0187879. [PMID: 29149176 PMCID: PMC5693412 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium-modified form of fluorohectorite nanoclay (NaFh) is introduced as a potential drug carrier, demonstrating its ability for the controlled release of the broad-spectrum antibiotic Ciprofloxacin through in vitro tests. The new clay-drug composite is designed to target the local infections in the large intestine, where it delivers most of the incorporated drug thanks to its pH-sensitive behavior. The composite has been conceived to avoid the use of coating technology and to decrease the side-effects commonly associated to the burst-release of the ciprofloxacin at the stomach level. NaFh was obtained from lithium-fluorohectorite by ion exchange, and its lack of toxicity was demonstrated by in vivo studies. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride (Cipro) was encapsulated into the clay at different values of the pH, drug initial concentration, temperature and time. Systematic studies by X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared and visible spectrophotometry (FT-IR and UV-vis), and thermal analysis (TGA) indicated that the NaFh host exhibits a high encapsulation efficiency for Cipro, which reaches a 90% of the initial Cipro in solution at 65 oC, with initial concentration of drug in solution of 1.36 x 10-2 mol L-1 at acid pH. XRD revealed that a true intercalation of Cipro takes place between clay layers. TG showed an increased thermal stability of the drug when intercalated into the clay, as compared to the "free" Cipro. IR suggested a strong clay-Cipro interaction via ketone group, as well as the establishment of hydrogen bonds between the two materials. In vitro drug release tests revealed that NaFh is a potentially efficient carrier to deliver Cipro in the large intestine, where the release process is mediated by more than just one mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leslie Valdés
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Food (IFAL), University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Irela Pérez
- Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmacy and Food (IFAL), University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Louis Charles de Ménorval
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Equipe Agregats, Interface, et Materiaux pour l'Energie (AIME), Université Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France
| | - Ernesto Altshuler
- Group of Complex Systems and Statistical Physics, Physics Faculty, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
| | - Jon Otto Fossum
- Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
| | - Aramis Rivera
- Zeolites Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Materials Science and Technology (IMRE), University of Havana, Havana, Cuba
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Mesallati H, Umerska A, Paluch KJ, Tajber L. Amorphous Polymeric Drug Salts as Ionic Solid Dispersion Forms of Ciprofloxacin. Mol Pharm 2017; 14:2209-2223. [PMID: 28570079 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a poorly soluble drug that also displays poor permeability. Attempts to improve the solubility of this drug to date have largely focused on the formation of crystalline salts and metal complexes. The aim of this study was to prepare amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) by ball milling CIP with various polymers. Following examination of their solid state characteristics and physical stability, the solubility advantage of these ASDs was studied, and their permeability was investigated via parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA). Finally, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the ASDs were compared to those of CIP. It was discovered that acidic polymers, such as Eudragit L100, Eudragit L100-55, Carbopol, and HPMCAS, were necessary for the amorphization of CIP. In each case, the positively charged secondary amine of CIP was found to interact with carboxylate groups in the polymers, forming amorphous polymeric drug salts. Although the ASDs began to crystallize within days under accelerated stability conditions, they remained fully X-ray amorphous following exposure to 90% RH at 25 °C, and demonstrated higher than predicted glass transition temperatures. The solubility of CIP in water and simulated intestinal fluid was also increased by all of the ASDs studied. Unlike a number of other solubility enhancing formulations, the ASDs did not decrease the permeability of the drug. Similarly, no decrease in antibiotic efficacy was observed, and significant improvements in the MIC and MBC of CIP were obtained with ASDs containing HPMCAS-LG and HPMCAS-MG. Therefore, ASDs may be a viable alternative for formulating CIP with improved solubility, bioavailability, and antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanah Mesallati
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin , College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Anita Umerska
- MINT, UNIV Angers, INSERM 1066, CNRS 6021, Universite Bretagne Loire , 4 rue Larrey, Angers 49933 Cedex, France
| | - Krzysztof J Paluch
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford , Bradford, West Yorkshire, BD7 1DP, United Kingdom
| | - Lidia Tajber
- Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin , College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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Radwan A, Zaid AN, Jaradat N, Odeh Y. Food effect: The combined effect of media pH and viscosity on the gastrointestinal absorption of ciprofloxacin tablet. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 101:100-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Thomas N, Thorn C, Richter K, Thierry B, Prestidge C. Efficacy of Poly-Lactic-Co-Glycolic Acid Micro- and Nanoparticles of Ciprofloxacin Against Bacterial Biofilms. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:3115-3122. [PMID: 27519649 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are associated with a number of recurring infectious diseases and are a major cause for antibiotic resistance. Despite the broad use of polymeric microparticles and nanoparticles in biomedical research, it is not clear which particle size is more effective against biofilms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of sustained release poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) micro- and nanoparticles containing ciprofloxacin against biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The PLGA particles were prepared by the double emulsion solvent evaporation method. The resulting microparticles (12 μm) and nanoparticles (300 nm) contained drug loads of 7.3% and 4.5% (wt/wt) ciprofloxacin, respectively. Drug release was complete within 1 week following comparable release profiles for both particle sizes. Micro- and nanoparticles demonstrated a similar in vitro antibiofilm performance against mature P aeruginosa and S aureus with marked differences between the 2 strains. The sustained release of ciprofloxacin from micro- and nanoparticles over 6 days was equally effective as the continuous treatment with ciprofloxacin solution over the same period resulting in the eradication of culturable S aureus suggesting that reformulation of ciprofloxacin as sustained release PLGA micro- and nanoparticles might be valuable formulation approaches for the treatment of biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Thomas
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia.
| | - Chelsea Thorn
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Katharina Richter
- Basil Hetzel Institute for Translational Health Research, Woodville South, SA 5011, Australia; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Benjamin Thierry
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, Adelaide, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Clive Prestidge
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
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Modeling, Optimization, and In Vitro Corneal Permeation of Chitosan-Lomefloxacin HCl Nanosuspension Intended for Ophthalmic Delivery. J Pharm Innov 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-015-9224-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Kłosińska-Szmurło E, Pluciński FA, Grudzień M, Betlejewska-Kielak K, Biernacka J, Mazurek AP. Experimental and theoretical studies on the molecular properties of ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin, sparfloxacin, and gatifloxacin in determining bioavailability. J Biol Phys 2014; 40:335-45. [PMID: 25033818 PMCID: PMC4119185 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-014-9354-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2014] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this investigation is to identify, by in silico and in vitro methods, the molecular determinants, e.g., solubility in an aqueous medium and lipophilic properties, which have an effect on the bioavailability of five selected fluoroquinolones. These properties were estimated by analysis of the electrostatic potential pattern and values of free energy of solvation as well as the partition coefficients of the studied compounds. The study is based on theoretical quantum-chemical methods and a simple experimental shake-flask technique with two immiscible phases, n-octanol and phosphate buffer. The solvation free energy values of compounds in both environments appeared to be negative. The wide range of electrostatic potential from negative to positive demonstrates the presence of dipole-dipole intermolecular interactions, while the high electron density at various sites indicates the possibility of hydrogen bond formation with solvent molecules. High partition coefficient values, obtained by summing the atomic contributions, did not take various correction factors into account and therefore were not accurate. Theoretical partition coefficient values based on more accurate algorithms, which included these correction factors (fragmental methods), yielded more accurate values. Theoretical methods are useful tools for predicting the bioavailability of fluoroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Kłosińska-Szmurło
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Str., 02-097, Warsaw, Poland,
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21
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Djurdjevic P, Jakovljevic I, Joksovic L, Ivanovic N, Jelikic-Stankov M. The effect of some fluoroquinolone family members on biospeciation of copper(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) ions in human plasma. Molecules 2014; 19:12194-223. [PMID: 25123186 PMCID: PMC6271013 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190812194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The speciation of Cu2+, Ni2+ and Zn2+ ions in the presence of the fluoroquinolones (FQs) moxifloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin, in human blood plasma was studied under physiological conditions by computer simulation. The speciation was calculated using an updated model of human blood plasma including over 6,000 species with the aid of the program Hyss2009. The identity and stability of metal-FQ complexes were determined by potentiometric (310 K, 0.15 mol/L NaCl), spectrophotometric, spectrofluorimetric, ESI-MS and 1H-NMR measurements. In the case of Cu2+ ion the concentration of main low molecular weight (LMW) plasma complex (Cu(Cis)His) is very slightly influenced by all examined FQs. FQs show much higher influence on main plasma Ni2+ and Zn2+ complexes: (Ni(His)2 and Zn(Cys)Cit, respectively. Levofloxacin exhibits the highest influence on the fraction of the main nickel complex, Ni(His)2, even at a concentration level of 3×10⁻⁵ mol/L. The same effect is seen on the main zinc complex, Zn(Cys)Cit. Calculated plasma mobilizing indexes indicate that ciprofloxacin possesses the highest mobilizing power from plasma proteins, toward copper ion, while levofloxacin is the most influential on nickel and zinc ions. The results obtained indicate that the drugs studied are safe in relation to mobilization of essential metal ions under physiological conditions. The observed effects were explained in terms of competitive equilibrium reactions between the FQs and the main LMW complexes of the metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Predrag Djurdjevic
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Kragujevac, P.O.BOX 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ivan Jakovljevic
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Kragujevac, P.O.BOX 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Ljubinka Joksovic
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Kragujevac, P.O.BOX 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Nevena Ivanovic
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, University of Kragujevac, P.O.BOX 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
| | - Milena Jelikic-Stankov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Analytical Chemistry Department, University of Belgrade, 11221 Belgrade, Serbia.
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Electromembrane extraction (EME)--an easy, novel and rapid extraction procedure for the HPLC determination of fluoroquinolones in wastewater samples. Anal Bioanal Chem 2013; 405:2575-84. [PMID: 23307130 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6664-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2012] [Revised: 12/04/2012] [Accepted: 12/13/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, an electromembrane extraction combined with a HPLC procedure using diode array and fluorescence detection has been developed for the determination of seven widely used fluoroquinolones (FQs): marbofloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, danofloxacin, enrofloxacin, gatifloxacin and grepafloxacin. The drugs were extracted from acid aqueous sample solutions (pH 5), through a supported liquid membrane consisting of 1-octanol impregnated in the walls of a S6/2 Accurel® polypropylene hollow fiber, to an acid (pH 2) aqueous acceptor solution inside the lumen of the hollow fiber. The main operational parameters were optimized, and extractions were carried out in 15 min using a potential of 50 V. Enrichment factors of 40-85 have been obtained using only 15 min of extraction time versus 330 min used in a previously proposed hollow-fiber liquid-phase microextraction procedure. The procedure allows low detection and quantitation limits of 0.005-0.07 and 0.007-0.15 μg L(-1), respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the FQs analysis in urban wastewaters.
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Paul T, Machesky ML, Strathmann TJ. Surface complexation of the zwitterionic fluoroquinolone antibiotic ofloxacin to nano-anatase TiO2 photocatalyst surfaces. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:11896-11904. [PMID: 23078178 DOI: 10.1021/es302097k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The surface complexation behavior of ofloxacin (OFX), a zwitterionic fluoroquinolone antibiotic, to nano-anatase titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) was characterized. OFX adsorption in aqueous TiO(2) suspensions was measured as a function of pH, OFX concentration, and electrolyte type and concentration, and structural information was derived from in situ spectroscopic observations. An ultraviolet-visible spectral red shift upon OFX adsorption indicated formation of inner-sphere coordination complexes. Fourier transform infrared spectra of TiO(2)-adsorbed OFX were invariable over a wide concentration and pH range and were similar to measured spectra of dissolved species wherein the carboxylate group is deprotonated. A charge distribution surface complexation model constrained by spectroscopic observations was developed to describe macroscopic adsorption trends. A tridentate mode of adsorption involving bridging bidentate inner-sphere coordination of the deprotonated carboxylate group and hydrogen bonding through the adjacent carbonyl group on the quinoline ring resulted in successful predictions of observed adsorption trends. In NaClO(4) electrolyte, spectroscopic data and model fitting suggested that OFX ion pairing with ClO(4)(-) enhanced adsorption under acidic conditions. Moreover, comparison of OFX adsorption data with the pH trend in the kinetics of OFX degradation by visible light (λ > 400 nm) photocatalysis suggested that adsorbed OFX-ClO(4)(-) ion pairs inhibit photodegradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tias Paul
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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24
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Cramariuc O, Rog T, Javanainen M, Monticelli L, Polishchuk AV, Vattulainen I. Mechanism for translocation of fluoroquinolones across lipid membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2012; 1818:2563-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2012.05.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 05/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Triprotic site-specific acid–base equilibria and related properties of fluoroquinolone antibacterials. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 66:50-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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26
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Infrared multiple photon dissociation spectroscopy of ciprofloxacin: Investigation of the protonation site. Chem Phys 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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27
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Islan GA, de Verti IP, Marchetti SG, Castro GR. Studies of Ciprofloxacin Encapsulation on Alginate/Pectin Matrixes and Its Relationship with Biodisponibility. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:1408-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9610-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Sousa J, Alves G, Fortuna A, Falcão A. Analytical methods for determination of new fluoroquinolones in biological matrices and pharmaceutical formulations by liquid chromatography: a review. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:93-129. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-5706-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2011] [Revised: 12/24/2011] [Accepted: 12/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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29
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Polishchuk AV, Karaseva ET, Emelina TB, Cramariuc O, Karasev VE. Polymorphism and Intramolecular Proton Transfer in Fluoroquinolone Compounds. J Fluoresc 2011; 21:2117-22. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Polishchuk
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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30
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Polishchuk AV, Emelina TB, Karaseva ET, Karasev VE. Intramolecular charge transfer and electronic absorption and luminescence spectra of fluoroquinolinones. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363211040189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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31
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Olivera ME, Manzo RH, Junginger HE, Midha KK, Shah VP, Stavchansky S, Dressman JB, Barends DM. Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms: ciprofloxacin hydrochloride. J Pharm Sci 2011; 100:22-33. [PMID: 20602455 DOI: 10.1002/jps.22259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Literature data relevant to the decision to allow a waiver of in vivo bioequivalence (BE) testing for the approval of new multisource and reformulated immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms containing ciprofloxacin hydrochloride as the only active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) are reviewed. Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride's solubility and permeability, its therapeutic use and index, pharmacokinetics, excipient interactions and reported BE/bioavailability (BA) problems were taken into consideration. Solubility and BA data indicate that ciprofloxacin hydrochloride is a BCS Class IV drug. Therefore, a biowaiver based approval of ciprofloxacin hydrochloride containing IR solid oral dosage forms cannot be recommended for either new multisource drug products or for major scale-up and postapproval changes (variations) to existing drug products.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Olivera
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Pharmacy Department, CONICET, National University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
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32
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Mahendran KR, Hajjar E, Mach T, Lovelle M, Kumar A, Sousa I, Spiga E, Weingart H, Gameiro P, Winterhalter M, Ceccarelli M. Molecular basis of enrofloxacin translocation through OmpF, an outer membrane channel of Escherichia coli--when binding does not imply translocation. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:5170-9. [PMID: 20349984 DOI: 10.1021/jp911485k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The molecular pathway of enrofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, through the outer membrane channel OmpF of Escherichia coli is investigated. High-resolution ion current fluctuation analysis reveals a strong affinity for enrofloxacin to OmpF, the highest value ever recorded for an antibiotic-channel interaction. A single point mutation in the constriction zone of OmpF, replacing aspartic acid at the 113 position with asparagine (D113N), lowers the affinity to a level comparable to other antibiotics. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations allow rationalizing the translocation pathways: wild-type OmpF has two symmetric binding sites for enrofloxacin located at each channel entry separated by a large energy barrier in the center, which inhibits antibiotic translocation. In this particular case, our simulations suggest that the ion current blockages are caused by molecules occupying either one of these peripheral binding sites. Removal of the negative charge on position 113 removes the central barrier and shifts the two peripheral binding sites to a unique central site, which facilitates translocation. Fluorescence steady-state measurements agree with the different location of binding sites for wild-type OmpF and the mutant. Our results demonstrate how a single-point mutation of the porin, and the resulting intrachannel shift of the affinity site, may substantially modify translocation.
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33
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Perletti G, Wagenlehner FME, Naber KG, Magri V. Enhanced distribution of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones in prostatic tissue. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2008; 33:206-10. [PMID: 19091519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2008] [Revised: 09/11/2008] [Accepted: 09/12/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A recently published pharmacokinetic trial showed that the fluoroquinolone moxifloxacin administered to healthy volunteers at the single oral dose of 400mg accumulates in prostatic secretions (PS) up to a median concentration of 3.99 mg/L and reaches a PS/plasma concentration ratio of 1.57, far higher than values shown by other fluoroquinolones such as norfloxacin (ratio 0.1) or ciprofloxacin (ratio 0.2). Ion trapping mechanisms were hypothesised to be among the determinants of this effect. However, whether ion trapping would solely account for the observed differences in fluoroquinolone pharmacokinetics was left to further research and discussion. In this hypothesis paper, we review various published evidence on the tissue distribution of moxifloxacin and other quinolones, suggesting that increased lipophilicity, binding to cellular matrices and fast cellular uptake/release kinetics may be mechanisms compatible with enhanced prostatic accumulation and secretion of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Perletti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Laboratory of Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
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Caço AI, Varanda F, Pratas de Melo MJ, Dias AMA, Dohrn R, Marrucho IM. Solubility of Antibiotics in Different Solvents. Part II. Non-Hydrochloride Forms of Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin. Ind Eng Chem Res 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/ie8003495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Caço
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Fátima Varanda
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Maria J. Pratas de Melo
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Ana M. A. Dias
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Ralf Dohrn
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- CICECO, Departamento de Química, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal, 3IBB-Instituto de Biotecnologia e Bioengenharia, Centro de Engenharia Biológica, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal, and Thermophysical Properties, Bayer Technology Services GmbH, CHEMPARK, Building B310, 51368 Leverkusen, Germany
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35
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High throughput UV method for the estimation of thermodynamic solubility and the determination of the solubility in biorelevant media. Eur J Pharm Sci 2008; 33:230-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 12/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Characterization of the interactions between fluoroquinolone antibiotics and lipids: a multitechnique approach. Biophys J 2008; 94:3035-46. [PMID: 18178657 PMCID: PMC2275711 DOI: 10.1529/biophysj.107.114843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing drug/lipid interactions at the molecular level represents an important challenge in pharmaceutical research and membrane biophysics. Previous studies showed differences in accumulation and intracellular activity between two fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin, that may actually result from their differential susceptibility to efflux by the ciprofloxacin transporter. In view of the critical role of lipids for the drug cellular uptake and differences observed for the two closely related fluoroquinolones, we investigated the interactions of these two antibiotics with lipids, using an array of complementary techniques. Moxifloxacin induced, to a greater extent than ciprofloxacin, an erosion of the DPPC domains in the DOPC fluid phase (atomic force microscopy) and a shift of the surface pressure-area isotherms of DOPC/DPPC/fluoroquinolone monolayer toward lower area per molecule (Langmuir studies). These effects are related to a lower propensity of moxifloxacin to be released from lipid to aqueous phase (determined by phase transfer studies and conformational analysis) and a marked decrease of all-trans conformation of acyl-lipid chains of DPPC (determined by ATR-FTIR) without increase of lipid disorder and change in the tilt between the normal and the germanium surface (also determined by ATR-FTIR). All together, differences of ciprofloxacin as compared to moxifloxacin in their interactions with lipids could explain differences in their cellular accumulation and susceptibility to efflux transporters.
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Davis JL, Little D, Blikslager AT, Papich MG. Mucosal permeability of water-soluble drugs in the equine jejunum: a preliminary investigation. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006; 29:379-85. [PMID: 16958782 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00757.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Ussing chambers have been used to study the mucosal permeability of drugs in humans, rats and other species. This data can then be used to develop in vitro/in vivo correlations (IVIVC) for drugs based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS). Due to the poor oral bioavailability of many drugs in the horse, this method may be useful for screening drugs before development to determine if they warrant further study. Cephalexin (CPX), marbofloxacin (MAR), metronidazole (MTZ) and fluconazole (FCZ) were chosen for this study based on the wide range of physicochemical properties and bioavailability in the horse. Permeability was ranked as follows: MTZ > FCZ > MAR > CPX. This correlated with the bioavailability (R(2) = 0.633447), the Log P (R(2) = 0.648517), as well as the molecular weight (R(2) = 0.851208) of the drugs. Metronidazole induced a decrease in the tissue transepithelial resistance, suggestive of the possibility of tissue toxicity, which may have falsely increased its permeability. The low permeability of cephalexin across the tissue may indicate a lack of active transporters that are found in other species. From this study, we can conclude that the Ussing chamber is a promising method for determining mucosal permeability in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Davis
- Clinical Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
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38
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Dillen K, Vandervoort J, Van den Mooter G, Verheyden L, Ludwig A. Factorial design, physicochemical characterisation and activity of ciprofloxacin-PLGA nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2004; 275:171-87. [PMID: 15081148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2004.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2003] [Revised: 01/22/2004] [Accepted: 01/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles incorporating ciprofloxacin HCl were prepared by means of a W/O/W emulsification solvent evaporation method. The stabiliser selected was poly(vinylalcohol). A 2(4) full factorial design based on four independent variables was used to plan the experiments and the variable parameters were the number of homogenisation cycles, addition of boric acid to the inner water phase containing the drug, ciprofloxacin concentration in the inner water phase and oil:outer water phase ratio. The effects of these parameters on the particle size, zeta potential, drug loading efficiency and drug release were investigated. Also the effect of gamma irradiation on the particle size and drug release was evaluated and DSC and XRD analyses of the compounds and the nanoparticles were performed. The activity on two series of microorganisms, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus, was examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Dillen
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp (Wilrijk), Belgium
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Sun J, Sakai S, Tauchi Y, Deguchi Y, Cheng G, Chen J, Morimoto K. Protonation equilibrium and lipophilicity of olamufloxacin (HSR-903), a newly synthesized fluoroquinolone antibacterial. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2003; 56:223-9. [PMID: 12957636 DOI: 10.1016/s0939-6411(03)00099-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study was performed to characterize the protonation equilibrium at the molecular level and pH-dependent lipophilicity of olamufloxacin. The deprotonation fraction of the carboxyl group as a function of pH was specifically calculated at the critical wavelength 294 nm, where UV pH-dependent absorbance of olamufloxacin was independent of the ionized state of the aminopyrrolidinyl amino group but heavily depended on that of the carboxyl moiety. Accordingly, micro-protonation equilibrium could be described using a nonlinear least-squares regression program MULTI. In contrast, macro-protonation equilibrium was depicted at most wavelengths where olamufloxacin absorbance was influenced by ionized states of both proton-binding groups, results coinciding with the former. Furthermore, distribution features of four microspecies in aqueous phase were assessed. The apparent partition coefficient versus pH profile of olamufloxacin showed a parabolic curve in n-octanol/buffer system which reached peak near pH 8, agreeing with the above determined isoelectric point (pI). Ion-pair effect was observed for olamufloxacin under an acidic condition, eliciting experimental values higher than those theoretically calculated, which was similar to ciprofloxacin but not levofloxacin due to amino group type. Moreover, olamufloxacin was moderately lipophilic in comparison with other quinolones, with an apparent partition coefficient of 1.95 at pH 7.4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Hokkaido College of Pharmacy, Otaru-city, Hokkaido, Japan
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