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de Almeida CB, Leite HP, Lopes Junior E, Konstantyner T, Franco MDCP. Erythrocyte and plasma selenium in children with acute inflammatory response. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2022; 74:127068. [PMID: 36162157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Plasma selenium may not reflect selenium status in critically ill patients because it transiently decreases inversely with the magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response. The decision to supplement selenium should ideally be based on laboratory measurements that reliably reflect selenium status. We hypothesized that erythrocyte selenium, unlike plasma selenium, is not affected by the systemic inflammatory response in critically ill children. METHODS In a prospective study of 109 critically ill children, plasma and erythrocyte selenium concentrations were evaluated on admission, and plasma selenoprotein P was evaluated on days 1, 2, and 3 of the ICU stay. The main outcome was the effect of systemic inflammation on the erythrocyte and plasma selenium concentrations. The magnitude of the systemic inflammatory response was measured using serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin levels. The covariates were age, sex, anthropometric nutritional status, diagnosis of severe sepsis/septic shock, and clinical severity on admission. Multiple linear regression and generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Erythrocyte selenium levels were not influenced by the magnitude of the inflammatory response or by the patient's clinical severity. Procalcitonin (β coefficient=-0.99; 95%CI: -1.64; -0.34, p = 0.003) and clinical severity (β coefficient= -11.13; 95%CI: -21.6; -0.63), p = 0.038) on admission were associated with decreased plasma selenium concentrations. Erythrocyte selenium was associated with selenoprotein P in the first three days of ICU stay (β coefficient=0.32; 95%CI: 0.20; 0.44, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Unlike plasma selenium, erythrocyte selenium does not change in children with an acute systemic inflammatory response and is associated with selenoprotein P concentrations. Erythrocyte selenium is probably a more reliable marker than plasma selenium for evaluating the selenium status in critically ill children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Bezerra de Almeida
- Discipline of Pediatric Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Heitor Pons Leite
- Discipline of Pediatric Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Emilio Lopes Junior
- Discipline of Pediatric Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Tulio Konstantyner
- Discipline of Pediatric Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Afridi HI, Kazi TG, Talpur FN, Kazi A, Arain SS, Arain SA, Brahman KD, Panhwar AH, Khan N, Arain MS, Ali J. Assessment of selenium and mercury in biological samples of normal and night blindness children of age groups (3-7) and (8-12) years. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:82. [PMID: 25655123 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-014-4201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The causes of night blindness in children are multifactorial and particular consideration has been given to childhood nutritional deficiency, which is the most common problem found in underdeveloped countries. Such deficiency can result in physiological and pathological processes that in turn influence biological sample composition. This study was designed to compare the levels of selenium (Se) and mercury (Hg) in scalp hair, blood, and urine of night blindness children age ranged (3-7) and (8-12) years of both genders, comparing them to sex- and age-matched controls. A microwave-assisted wet acid digestion procedure was developed as a sample pretreatment for the determination of Se and Hg in biological samples of night blindness children. The proposed method was validated by using conventional wet digestion and certified reference samples of hair, blood, and urine. The Se and Hg in biological samples were measured by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry, prior to microwave acid digestion, respectively. The concentration of Se was decreased in scalp hair and blood samples of male and female night blindness children while Hg was higher in all biological samples as compared to referent subjects. The Se concentration was inversely associated with the risk of night blindness in both genders. These results add to an increasing body of evidence that Se is a protecting element for night blindness. These data present guidance to clinicians and other professional investigating deficiency of essential micronutrients in biological samples (scalp hair and blood) of night blindness children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, 76080, Jamshoro, Pakistan,
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Navia B, Ortega RM, Perea JM, Aparicio A, López-Sobaler AM, Rodríguez-Rodríguez E. Selenium status in a group of schoolchildren from the region of Madrid, Spain. J Hum Nutr Diet 2013; 27 Suppl 2:239-46. [PMID: 23679102 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To assess the selenium status of a group of schoolchildren from the Region of Madrid, Spain. METHODS Study subjects comprised 483 children (216 boys and 267 girls) aged between 8 and 13 years. Selenium intake was determined using a 3-day food record. The foods consumed were transformed into energy and nutrients, and the selenium intake was compared with that recommended. Serum selenium levels were also recorded. RESULTS Mean (SD) selenium intake [91.0 (25.2) μg day(-1) ] was above the recommended level in 99.4% of subjects; the main dietary sources were cereals, meats, fish and milk products. The serum selenium concentration [mean (SD) 71.1 (14.4) μg L(-1) ], however, was <60 μg L(-1) in 13.9% of subjects, and <45 μg L(-1) in 5.6%. The serum selenium concentration correlated with the selenium intake (r = 0.169; P < 0.05). Children with a serum selenium concentration of <75 μg L(-1) had significantly smaller selenium intakes than those with a serum concentration of ≥75 μg L(-1) . CONCLUSIONS Although selenium intake was generally above that recommended, the serum selenium concentration of the children could be improved. This could be achieved by increasing the relative consumption of cereals and other selenium rich foods such as fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Navia
- Departamento de Nutrición, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Vanderlelie J, Perkins AVA. Selenium and preeclampsia: A global perspective. Pregnancy Hypertens 2011; 1:213-24. [PMID: 26009029 DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2011] [Revised: 05/26/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a complex multisystem disorder of pregnancy where oxidative stress plays an important aetiological role. The role of selenium in the synthesis of endogenous antioxidants is well documented, and a significant reduction in selenium has been reported in preeclamptic women. The objective of this study was to map global selenium status and preeclampsia incidence. This study identified peer reviewed journal articles reporting national preeclampsia incidence (%) and matched these with reported values of selenium intake and plasma/serum selenium concentrations (μg/L). Matched data were obtained for 45 regions, reporting 6456,570 births, spanning Europe, Asia, Australasia, Africa, North and South America. Increasing plasma selenium concentration was found to be correlated with a reduction in preeclampsia incidence (Pearson's r=-0.604, P<0.0001). Countries with a reported serum/plasma selenium level of ⩾95μg/L were considered selenium sufficient and a significant reduction in preeclampsia incidence for countries above this value (P=0.0007) was noted. Significant reductions in preeclampsia incidence were found to coincide with increases in plasma/serum selenium concentration in the New Zealand (P=0.0003) and Finland (0.0028) populations following Government intervention. This study supports the hypothesis that selenium supplementation may be beneficial in reducing oxidative stress in women at risk of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Vanderlelie
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
| | - A V A Perkins
- School of Medical Science, Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia.
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5
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Thomson CD, McLachlan SK, Parnell WR, Wilson N, Wohlers M, Scragg R, Schaaf D, Fitzgerald ED. Serum selenium concentrations and dietary selenium intake of New Zealand children aged 5-14 years. Br J Nutr 2007; 97:357-64. [PMID: 17298706 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114507336738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Serum Se concentrations and dietary Se intakes have been determined in relation to age, sex, ethnicity, region and index of deprivation in a nationally representative sample of New Zealand children aged 5-14 years from the 2002 National Children's Nutrition Survey. Dietary intake was assessed from computer-assisted, multiple-pass 24 h diet recall interviews (n 3275). Serum Se concentrations were obtained from a subset of urban-based children (n 1547). Mean (95 % CI) serum Se concentration in children was 0.96 (0.93, 1.00) micromol/l. Males (1.00 micromol/l) had higher serum Se levels than females (0.93 micromol/l; P = 0.027). Mäori children had lower serum Se than Pacific Islands children (P = 0.038) and New Zealand European and Other children (P = 0.005). Children in the Upper North Island (1.06 micromol/l) had higher mean serum Se values than those in the Lower North Island (0.98 micromol/l, P < 0.0005) and South Island (0.79 micromol/l, P < 0.0005), and serum Se in the Lower North Island was higher than that in the South Island (P < 0.0005). Mean dietary Se intake was 36 (34, 37) microg/d. The intakes of children aged 5-6 years (31 microg/d) were lower than those of children aged 7-10 and 11-14 years (35 and 38 microg/d, respectively; P < 0.00 005) and the intakes of 7-10-year-olds were lower than those of 11-14-year-olds (P = 0.002). Serum Se was associated with dietary Se after adjusting for all variables, including region (P = 0.006). The Se status of our children falls in the middle of the international range of serum Se concentrations, but that for children in the South Island is among the lowest values reported and may be a cause for concern.
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Abstract
Food systems need to produce enough of the essential trace element Se to provide regular adult intakes of at least 40 μg/d to support the maximal expression of the Se enzymes, and perhaps as much as 300 μg/d to reduce risks of cancer. Deprivation of Se is associated with impairments in antioxidant protection, redox regulation and energy production as consequences of suboptimal expression of one or more of the Se-containing enzymes. These impairments may not cause deficiency signs in the classical sense, but instead contribute to health problems caused by physiological and environmental oxidative stresses and infections. At the same time, supranutritional intakes of Se, i.e. intakes greater than those required for selenocysteine enzyme expression, appear to reduce cancer risk. The lower, nutritional, level is greater than the typical intakes of many people in several parts of the world, and few populations have intakes approaching the latter, supranutritional, level. Accordingly, low Se status is likely to contribute to morbidity and mortality due to infectious as well as chronic diseases, and increasing Se intakes in all parts of the world can be expected to reduce cancer rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Combs
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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7
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Al-Saleh I, Billedo G, El-Doush I, El-Din Mohamed G, Yosef G. Selenium and vitamins status in Saudi children. Clin Chim Acta 2006; 368:99-109. [PMID: 16503332 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2005.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2005] [Revised: 12/13/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Selenium is an essential element, and a cofactor required to maintain glutathione peroxidase activity. Its deficiency may induce modification in the cellular antioxidative status and the appearance of different diseases. Previous studies in Al-Kharj reported low selenium levels in the soil and the milk of lactating mothers living in that area. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the status of selenium, dl-alpha-tocopherol, and all-trans-retinol in 513 Saudi children living in Al-Kharj district using serum and toenail samples. RESULTS The prevalence of children with serum selenium below the threshold limit of clinical importance in coronary and cardiovascular diseases (45 microg/l) was only 1.4%, while 53.4% of the tested children had toenail selenium >0.56 microg/g, which is considered a low level as indicated in a previous study. DL-alpha-tocopherol deficiency (<0.5 mg/dl) was found only in 3.1%. However, none of the children in this study had a severe all-trans-retinol deficiency (<10 microg/dl) and the percentage of children with marginal deficiency <20 microg/dl was 5.5%. CONCLUSION It seems that the geographical location of primary health care units (PHCUs) is the most important factor in influencing the selenium status of these children. This implies variations in food habits. Serum and toenail selenium concentrations were significantly related which can both reflect dietary selenium intake. Although our results suggest an adequate vitamin A status, we found interestingly that 10.9% of the children had retinol >50 microg/dl. This suggests that a high dietary intake of vitamin A might have a harmful effect. Further work is necessary to determine whether the hypervitaminosis A in children reflects an excessive dietary intake of retinol. A significant negative association was also found between dl-alpha-tocopherol and all-trans-retinol and malonaldehyde (MDA) levels in the serum of children population. This confirms their role in reducing oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al-Saleh
- Biological and Medical Research Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box: 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
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Van Cauwenbergh R, Robberecht H, Van Vlaslaer V, Deelstra H. Comparison of the serum selenium content of healthy adults living in the Antwerp region (Belgium) with recent literature data. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2004; 18:99-112. [PMID: 15487770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2004.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, after improved matrix modification and using Zeeman background correction, was used to measure the serum selenium content of healthy adults living in the Antwerp region (Belgium). The mean serum concentration of 13 men and 13 women, sampled once a month during 1 year, was 84.3 +/- 9.4ng/ml with a broad range of 51.4-121.7 ng/ml. The intra-individual variation was remarkably high. Recent literature on selenium concentrations is reviewed and values are tabulated, with limitation to healthy adults and European countries. The mean serum selenium concentration measured corresponded well to older literature data for Belgium. The obtained values were found to be in the medium range compared with the literature data for other European countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudy Van Cauwenbergh
- Laboratory of Food Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
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Adányi N, Váradi M, Sziklai-László I, Snyder P, Snyder RD, Cser MÁ. Determination of selenium balance in healthy children by aas-hydride generation and by inaa technique. ACTA ALIMENTARIA 2002. [DOI: 10.1556/aalim.31.2002.3.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bates CJ, Thane CW, Prentice A, Delves HT, Gregory J. Selenium status and associated factors in a British National Diet and Nutrition Survey: young people aged 4-18 y. Eur J Clin Nutr 2002; 56:873-81. [PMID: 12209376 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2001] [Revised: 12/04/2001] [Accepted: 12/10/2001] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assessment of selenium status to provide normative reference values, and investigation of associated socio-demographic factors, in a national sample of British young people aged 4-18 y. SETTING National Diet and Nutrition Survey-a nationwide cross-sectional sample of young people aged 4-18 y living in mainland Britain in 1997. METHODS Selenium status was measured, mainly in fasting blood samples, by plasma selenium concentration in 1127 participants, by red blood cell (RBC) selenium concentration in 1112, and by whole-blood glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in 658. RESULTS No evidence of severe selenium deficiency or toxicity was observed. Plasma selenium concentration was directly correlated with RBC selenium concentration, and both were associated directly, although less strongly, with GPx activity. Plasma and RBC selenium concentrations increased significantly with age, with RBC concentrations significantly higher in older girls than boys. Region of domicile exhibited a significant relationship. Associations also occurred with parental occupational social class, selenium concentrations being higher in more socially advantaged children. Black and Indian children had considerably higher concentrations than Caucasian children. Concentrations, especially of plasma selenium, were significantly lower in children either (or both) of whose parents were smokers, although, unexpectedly, there was no evidence that children who themselves smoked had lower levels. CONCLUSIONS The observed associations between selenium status indices and age, gender, social class, parental smoking and ethnic group indicate a complex network of biological factors which determine selenium concentrations in blood components, and which thus need to be controlled for when using these indices to assess selenium status in young people. SPONSORSHIP The survey was commissioned jointly by the Department of Health and the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, whose responsibility has since been transferred to the Food Standards Agency. Support for the further analysis presented in this paper was provided by the Department of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Bates
- MRC Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge, UK.
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Vitoux D, Arnaud J, Chappuis P. Are copper, zinc and selenium in erythrocytes valuable biological indexes of nutrition and pathology? J Trace Elem Med Biol 1999; 13:113-28. [PMID: 10612074 DOI: 10.1016/s0946-672x(99)80001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The real significance of the level of trace elements copper, zinc and selenium in erythrocytes is still a matter of debate. This review is an evaluation of the potential value of copper, zinc and selenium in red blood cells in physiology, nutrition and pathology, taking into account the other commonly used indices and the analytical difficulty encountered for erythrocyte determinations. The main analytical methods and reference values in erythrocytes are also presented. The literature of the last 3 decades was analyzed. On the basis of these papers, the role of erythrocyte copper in various pathologies should be re-investigated, especially when they include inflammatory processes or hormonal changes. The main interest of zinc determination in red blood cells concerns thyroid pathology. In general, the value of selenium in erythrocytes agrees with selenium in serum and its determination is often unnecessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Vitoux
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
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Winnefeld K, Streck S, Treff E, Jütte H, Kroll E, Marx H. [Reference ranges of antioxidant parameters in whole blood (erythrocytes) in a Thüringen region]. MEDIZINISCHE KLINIK (MUNICH, GERMANY : 1983) 1999; 94 Suppl 3:101-2. [PMID: 10554543 DOI: 10.1007/bf03042205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxidant stress is characterized by measurement of the activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxiddismutase and also by concentrations of glutathione and selenium in erythrocytes. A standardization of the methods of determination is very important. MATERIAL AND METHODS In erythrocytes of blood donors (n = 101) the parameters glutathione peroxidase, glutathione, superoxiddismutase and selenium were determined. RESULTS The following results of the antioxidant parameters in erythrocytes of blood donors were found: Selenium 67.1 +/- 20.1 nmol/mmol Hb, glutathione peroxidase 842 +/- 290 U/mmol Hb, glutathione 108 +/- 48 mumol/mmol Hb, superoxiddismutase 15.8 +/- 6.4 U/mumol Hb. CONCLUSION Selenium, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione and superoxiddismutase in erythrocytes of blood donors are normally distributed. There are no significant differences between men and women. The use of "own reference values" is necessary because no standardization of the methods of determination exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Winnefeld
- Institut für Klinische Chemie und Laboratoriumsdiagnostik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena.
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Brtková A, Magálová T, Béderová A, Babinská K, Barteková S. Serum selenium levels in healthy Slovak children and adolescents. Biol Trace Elem Res 1999; 67:49-54. [PMID: 10065597 DOI: 10.1007/bf02784274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Blood serum selenium levels were measured in 891 healthy children and adolescents (aged 11-18 yr, 450 girls and 441 boys) residing in both rural and urban areas from eight regions of Slovakia. Subjects were divided into four age groups (11-12 y, 13-14 y, 15-16 y, and 17-18 y). Serum selenium concentration was determined by the electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method. The mean (+/-SD) serum selenium concentrations were 0.750+/-0.255 micromol/L in girls and 0.773+/-0.235 micromol/L in boys. A large proportion of the individuals (25.7% in girls, 18.1% in boys) exhibited serum selenium levels under 0.57 micromol/L (45 microg/L). An increasing trend of the serum selenium values with age has been observed in both boys (p < 0.01) and girls (p < 0.05). Boys had higher serum selenium levels in the all age groups but the differences were not statistically significant.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brtková
- Research Institute of Nutrition, Department of Epidemiology, Slovak Republic
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