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Sonawane JM, Ezugwu CI, Ghosh PC. Microbial Fuel Cell-Based Biological Oxygen Demand Sensors for Monitoring Wastewater: State-of-the-Art and Practical Applications. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2297-2316. [PMID: 32786393 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c01299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution has been a continuous threat to sustainable development and global well-being. It has become a significant concern worldwide to combat the ecological crisis using low-cost innovative technologies. Biological oxygen demand (BOD) is a key indicator to comprehend the quality of water to guarantee environmental safety and human health; however, none of the present technologies are capable of online monitoring of the water at the source. Microbial fuel cells (MFC) are a promising technology for simultaneous power generation and wastewater treatment. MFCs have also been shown in fascinating applications to measure and detect the toxic pollutants present in wastewater. These are the bioreactors where exoelectrogenic microorganisms catalyze the conversion of the inherent chemical energy stored in organic compounds to electrical energy. Sensors employ energy conversion to measure BOD, which is considered an international index for the detection of organic material load present in wastewater. The MFC-based BOD sensors have gone through a wide range of advancement from mediator to mediator-less, double chamber to single-chamber, and large size to miniature. There have been detailed studies to improve the accuracy and reproducibility of the sensors for commercial applications. Additionally, multistage MFC-based BOD biosensors and miniature MFC-BOD sensors have also been ubiquitous in recent years. A considerable amount of work has been carried out to improve the performance of these devices by fabricating the proton exchange membranes and altering catalysts at the cathode. However, there remains a dearth for the fabrication of the devices in aspects like suitable microbes, proton exchange membranes, and cheaper catalysts for cathodes for effective real-time monitoring of wastewater. In this review, an extensive study has been carried out on various MFC-based BOD sensors. The efficiency and drawbacks associated with the different MFC-based BOD sensors have been critically evaluated, and future perspectives for their development have been investigated. The breadth of work compiled in this review will accelerate further research in MFC-based BOD biosensors. It will be of great importance to broad ranges of scientific research and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayesh M. Sonawane
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry and Centre for Global Engineering, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
| | - Chizoba I. Ezugwu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcala, E-28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Prakash C. Ghosh
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India, 400 076
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Ngoc LTB, Tu TA, Hien LTT, Linh DN, Tri N, Duy NPH, Cuong HT, Phuong PTT. Simple approach for the rapid estimation of BOD 5 in food processing wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:20554-20564. [PMID: 32274695 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08703-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple approach was developed for the rapid and accurate estimation of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in food processing wastewater. Immobilization of the natural microbial consortium that was collected from an aerobic compartment of a food processing wastewater treatment plant was simply performed by adhesion using a low-cost porous carrier. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, and Streptomyces, whose salt-tolerance and ability to break down organic compounds have been widely reported, were found to be predominant. These microorganisms may cause an enhancement of the bioreactor response in the presence of sodium chloride. Consequently, a modified glucose-glutamic acid (GGA) calibration standard was proposed in which an appropriate amount of NaCl was added; this solution was found to be more effective in terms of accuracy and practicality than both conventional GGA and the synthetic wastewater recipe from the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). The calibrated self-built packed-bed bioreactor exhibited good precision of 3% or less in predicting BOD5 in influent, which is similar to the performance of the most common commercial biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) bioreactors. There was a statistical agreement between the results obtained from this rapid BOD biosensor and the conventional methods, even when testing treated wastewater samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Bao Ngoc
- Ho Chi Minh City University of Science, 227 Nguyen Van Cu Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology-Institute of Chemical Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Tran Anh Tu
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Luu Thi Thanh Hien
- Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Thu Duc District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Duong Nhat Linh
- Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tri
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology-Institute of Chemical Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Ho Chi Minh City Open University, 97 Vo Van Tan Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Phuc Hoang Duy
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology-Institute of Chemical Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Hoang Tien Cuong
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology-Institute of Chemical Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Pham Thi Thuy Phuong
- Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology-Institute of Chemical Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Jouanneau S, Grangé E, Durand MJ, Thouand G. Rapid BOD assessment with a microbial array coupled to a neural machine learning system. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 166:115079. [PMID: 31539666 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.115079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The domestic usage of water generates approximately 310 km3 of wastewater worldwide (2015, AQUASTAT, Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations). This sewage contains an important organic load due to the use of this water; this organic load is characterized using a standard method, namely, the biological oxygen demand measurement (BOD5). The BOD5 provides information about the biodegradable organic load (standard ISO 5815). However, this measurement protocol is very time-consuming (5 days) and may produce variability in approximately 20% of results mainly due to variation in the environmental inocula. To remedy these limitations, this work proposes an innovative concept relying on the implementation of a set of rigorously selected bacterial strains. This publication depicts the different steps used in this study, from bio-indicator selection to validation with real wastewater samples. The results obtained in the final step show a strong correlation between the developed approach and the reference method (ISO 5815) with a correlation rate of approximately 0.9. In addition, the optimization of the experimental conditions and the use of controlled strains (8 selected strains) allow significant reduction in the duration of the BOD5 analysis, with only 3 h required for the proposed method versus 5 days for the reference method. This technological breakthrough should simplify the monitoring of wastewater treatment plants and provide quicker, easier and more coherent control in terms of the treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulivan Jouanneau
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA, 18 Boulevard Gaston Defferre, 85035, La Roche sur Yon, France.
| | - Emilie Grangé
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA, 18 Boulevard Gaston Defferre, 85035, La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - Marie-José Durand
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA, 18 Boulevard Gaston Defferre, 85035, La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - Gérald Thouand
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA, 18 Boulevard Gaston Defferre, 85035, La Roche sur Yon, France.
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Pham TTP, Nguyen PHD, Nguyen TTV, Duong HTL. Self-build packed-bed bioreactor for rapid and effective BOD estimation. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:25656-25667. [PMID: 31267402 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05711-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This work demonstrated a simple, low-cost, rapid, and effective biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) estimation system based on a packed-bed bioreactor that can be easily self-built on-site at a particular wastewater treatment plant for continuous monitoring of the influent and effluent. The use of natural microbial consortium that were collected from the target wastewater and immobilized on a cheap porous carrier simply by adhesion resulted in an acceptable accuracy of over 95%. The newly developed semi-continuous operating mode with peak-type signals was shown to be able to continuously estimate BOD at a high flow rate to overcome the flow dependence of the oxygen electrode, limit clogging issues, enhance the response time, and lower the limit of detection. The resulting packed-bed bioreactors could work continuously for 22 h with a coefficient of variance (CoV) of only 1.8% or for 13 h a day for several days with a maximum CoV of 1.4% and their response was observed to be stable over 80 consecutive measurements. They exhibited stable responses at a wide pH range of 6.5-8.5, which is also the recommended range for aerobic wastewater treatment, emphasizing the greater ease of use of natural microorganisms for BOD estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Phuong Pham
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
| | - Phuc Hoang Duy Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thi Thuy Van Nguyen
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Huynh Thanh Linh Duong
- Institute of Chemical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 1 Mac Dinh Chi Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Li Y, Sun J, Wang J, Bian C, Tong J, Li Y, Xia S. A microbial electrode based on the co-electrodeposition of carboxyl graphene and Au nanoparticles for BOD rapid detection. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Hassan SHA, Van Ginkel SW, Hussein MAM, Abskharon R, Oh SE. Toxicity assessment using different bioassays and microbial biosensors. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 92-93:106-18. [PMID: 27071051 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity assessment of water streams, wastewater, and contaminated sediments, is a very important part of environmental pollution monitoring. Evaluation of biological effects using a rapid, sensitive and cost effective method can indicate specific information on ecotoxicity assessment. Recently, different biological assays for toxicity assessment based on higher and lower organisms such as fish, invertebrates, plants and algal cells, and microbial bioassays have been used. This review focuses on microbial biosensors as an analytical device for environmental, food, and biomedical applications. Different techniques which are commonly used in microbial biosensing include amperometry, potentiometry, conductometry, voltammetry, microbial fuel cells, fluorescence, bioluminescence, and colorimetry. Examples of the use of different microbial biosensors in assessing a variety of environments are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sedky H A Hassan
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, New Valley Branch, 72511 Al-Kharja, Egypt
| | - Steven W Van Ginkel
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
| | | | - Romany Abskharon
- National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIFO), 11516 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sang-Eun Oh
- Department of Biological Environment, Kangwon National University, 200-701 Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, South Korea.
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Liu L, Zhai J, Zhu C, Gao Y, Wang Y, Han Y, Dong S. One-pot synthesis of 3-dimensional reduced graphene oxide-based hydrogel as support for microbe immobilization and BOD biosensor preparation. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 63:483-489. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Liu B, Lei Y, Li B. A batch-mode cube microbial fuel cell based “shock” biosensor for wastewater quality monitoring. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 62:308-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Jouanneau S, Recoules L, Durand MJ, Boukabache A, Picot V, Primault Y, Lakel A, Sengelin M, Barillon B, Thouand G. Methods for assessing biochemical oxygen demand (BOD): a review. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 49:62-82. [PMID: 24316182 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 10/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/25/2013] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) is one of the most widely used criteria for water quality assessment. It provides information about the ready biodegradable fraction of the organic load in water. However, this analytical method is time-consuming (generally 5 days, BOD5), and the results may vary according to the laboratory (20%), primarily due to fluctuations in the microbial diversity of the inoculum used. Work performed during the two last decades has resulted in several technologies that are less time-consuming and more reliable. This review is devoted to the analysis of the technical features of the principal methods described in the literature in order to compare their performances (measuring window, reliability, robustness) and to identify the pros and the cons of each method.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jouanneau
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA CBAC, Campus de la Courtaisière, IUT, 18 Bd G. Defferre, 85035 La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - L Recoules
- LAAS-CNRS, 7, Avenue du Colonel Roche, BP 54200, 31031 Toulouse cedex 4, France; BIONEF, 73 rue de la Plaine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M J Durand
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA CBAC, Campus de la Courtaisière, IUT, 18 Bd G. Defferre, 85035 La Roche sur Yon, France
| | - A Boukabache
- LAAS-CNRS, 7, Avenue du Colonel Roche, BP 54200, 31031 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - V Picot
- LAAS-CNRS, 7, Avenue du Colonel Roche, BP 54200, 31031 Toulouse cedex 4, France
| | - Y Primault
- BIONEF, 73 rue de la Plaine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - A Lakel
- CSTB, 11 rue Henri Picherit, BP 82341, 44323 Nantes Cedex 3, France
| | - M Sengelin
- Sotralentz, 3 rue de Bettwiller, BP 10028, 67320 Drulingen, France
| | - B Barillon
- SUEZ Environment, 38, Rue du Président Wilson, 78230 LE PECQ, France
| | - G Thouand
- University of Nantes, UMR CNRS 6144 GEPEA CBAC, Campus de la Courtaisière, IUT, 18 Bd G. Defferre, 85035 La Roche sur Yon, France.
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Raud M, Tenno T, Jõgi E, Kikas T. Comparative study of semi-specific Aeromonas hydrophila and universal Pseudomonas fluorescens biosensors for BOD measurements in meat industry wastewaters. Enzyme Microb Technol 2012; 50:221-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2011] [Revised: 10/10/2011] [Accepted: 01/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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An amperometric biosensor developed for detection of limonin levels in kinnow mandarin juices. ANN MICROBIOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-011-0376-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Raud M, Tutt M, Jõgi E, Kikas T. BOD biosensors for pulp and paper industry wastewater analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2011; 19:3039-3045. [PMID: 22374188 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-0817-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Two semi-specific microbial biosensors were constructed for the analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in high-cellulose-content pulp and paper industry wastewaters. The biosensors were based on living cells of Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus sp. immobilized in an agarose gel matrix. Semi-specific microorganisms were isolated from various samples (decaying sawdust and rabbit manure) and were chosen based on their ability to assimilate cellulose. MATERIALS & METHODS The biosensors were calibrated with the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development synthetic wastewater, and measurements with different wastewaters were conducted. RESULTS The response time of biosensors using the steady-state method was 20-25 min, and the service life of immobilized microorganisms was 96 days. Detection limit was 5 mg/l of BOD(7) while linear ranges extended up to 55 and 50 mg/l of the BOD(7) for B. subtilis- and Paenibacillus sp.-based biosensors, respectively. Repeatability and reproducibility of both biosensors were within the limits set by APHA-less than 15.4%. In comparison, both biosensors overestimated the BOD(7) values in paper mill wastewaters and underestimated the BOD(7) in aspen pulp mill wastewater. CONCLUSIONS The semi-specific biosensors are suitable for the estimation of organic pollution derived from cellulose, while the detection of pollution derived from tannins and lignins was minor. Better results in terms of accuracy and repeatability were gained with Paenibacillus sp. biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Raud
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411, Tartu, Estonia.
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Assessing the effect of oxygen and microbial inhibitors to optimize ferricyanide-mediated BOD assay. Talanta 2011; 85:455-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 04/01/2011] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Pasco NF, Weld RJ, Hay JM, Gooneratne R. Development and applications of whole cell biosensors for ecotoxicity testing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2011; 400:931-45. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-011-4663-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 01/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Velling S, Mashirin A, Hellat K, Tenno T. Non-steady response of BOD biosensor for the determination of biochemical oxygen demand in wastewater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 13:95-100. [DOI: 10.1039/c0em00082e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu C, Ma C, Yu D, Jia J, Liu L, Zhang B, Dong S. Immobilized multi-species based biosensor for rapid biochemical oxygen demand measurement. Biosens Bioelectron 2011; 26:2074-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Appraising bacterial strains for rapid BOD sensing—an empirical test to identify bacterial strains capable of reliably predicting real effluent BODs. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 89:179-88. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-010-2889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Oota S, Hatae Y, Amada K, Koya H, Kawakami M. Development of mediated BOD biosensor system of flow injection mode for shochu distillery wastewater. Biosens Bioelectron 2010; 26:262-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2010.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Revised: 06/23/2010] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Namour P, Jaffrezic-Renault N, Namour P. Sensors for measuring biodegradable and total organic matter in water. Trends Analyt Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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A BOD monitoring disposable reactor with alginate-entrapped bacteria. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2010; 33:961-70. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-010-0420-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Shimomura-Shimizu M, Karube I. Applications of microbial cell sensors. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2010; 118:1-30. [PMID: 20087723 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Since the first microbial cell sensor was studied by Karube et al. in 1977, many types of microbial cell sensors have been developed as analytical tools. The microbial cell sensor utilizes microbes as a sensing element and a transducer. The characteristics of microbial cell sensors as sensing devices are a complete contrast to those of enzyme sensors or immunosensors, which are highly specific for the substrates of interest, although the specificity of the microbial cell sensor has been improved by genetic modification of the microbe used as the sensing element. Microbial cell sensors have the advantages of tolerance to measuring conditions, a long lifetime, and good cost performance, and have the disadvantage of a long response time. In this review, applications of microbial cell sensors are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mifumi Shimomura-Shimizu
- School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Technology, Hachioji, Tokyo 1920982, Japan
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Chen J, Yu Z, Sun J, Jia J, Li G. Preparation of biofilm electrode with Xanthomonas sp. and carbon nanotubes and the application to rapid biochemical oxygen demand analysis in high-salt condition. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2008; 80:699-702. [PMID: 18751533 DOI: 10.2175/106143008x276732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A Xanthomonas sp. was isolated from the sludge on the drain outlet of a pharmaceutical factory. Then, the bacterium and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were co-attached to an oxygen electrode for rapid analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD). The response current was linear with BOD values in the range 10 to 300 mg/L for standard BOD solution with a response time of 35 seconds (R = 0.9994) and 20 to 580 mg/L for pharmaceutical wastewater with a response time < or =200 seconds (R = 0.9985), which means that this modified electrode might be used for online BOD analysis of pharmaceutical wastewater. Further studies revealed that the modified electrode can be used for BOD measurement in a high-salt condition. Also, the bacterium/CNTs biofilm can maintain its activity and good performance, even after being sealed and stored at 4 degrees C for 50 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Chen
- School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, PR China.
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Kumlanghan A, Kanatharana P, Asawatreratanakul P, Mattiasson B, Thavarungkul P. Microbial BOD sensor for monitoring treatment of wastewater from a rubber latex industry. Enzyme Microb Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2008.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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A novel approach based on ferricyanide-mediator immobilized in an ion-exchangeable biosensing film for the determination of biochemical oxygen demand. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 612:75-82. [PMID: 18331860 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2007] [Revised: 01/31/2008] [Accepted: 02/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensing method employing a ferricyanide (FC) mediator immobilized in an ion-exchangeable polysiloxane was developed. The ion-exchangeable polysiloxane containing alkylammonium groups (PAPS-Cl) was synthesized by sol-gel reaction of 3-(aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMOS) catalyzed by hydrochloric acid. FC was combined in PAPS-Cl via ion-association and the product was labeled as PAPS-FC, which was employed for a modified glassy carbon electrode. The apparent diffusion coefficient (D(app)) of FC on the modified glassy carbon electrode was 9.8x10(-11) cm(2) s(-1). In a three-electrode system, a linear relationship between the anodic current responses and glucose/glutamate (GGA) concentration was obtained up to 40 mg O2 L(-1) (r=0.994) when the reaction mixture was incubated for 30 min. Single sensor and piece-to-piece reproducibility were less than 3.8 and 7.7%, respectively. The effects of dissolved oxygen, pH, temperature and co-existing substances on the BOD responses were studied. The sensor responses to nine pure organic substances were compared with the conventional BOD5 method and other biosensor methods. Detection results of seawater samples were compared with those obtained from the BOD5 method and showed a good correlation (r=0.988).
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Melidis P, Vaiopoulou E, Aivasidis A. Development and implementation of microbial sensors for efficient process control in wastewater treatment plants. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2008; 31:277-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-007-0192-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/19/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Nakamura H, Shimomura-Shimizu M, Karube I. Development of microbial sensors and their application. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008; 109:351-394. [PMID: 18004516 DOI: 10.1007/10_2007_085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many types of microbial sensors have been developed as analytical tools since the first microbial sensor was studied by Karube et al. in 1977. The microbial sensor consists of a transducer and microbe as a sensing element. The characteristics of the microbial sensors are a complete contrast to those of enzyme sensors or immunosensors, which are highly specific for the substrates of interest, although the specificity of the microbial sensor has been improved by genetic modification of the microbe used as the sensing element. Microbial sensors have the advantages of tolerance to measuring conditions, a long lifetime, and cost performance, and also have the disadvantage of a long response time. In this review, the long history of microbial sensor development is summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nakamura
- School of Bionics, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, 192-0982 Tokyo, Japan
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Wang SH, Zhang JB, Zhang ZP, Zhou YF, Yang RF, Chen J, Guo YC, You F, Zhang XE. Construction of single chain variable fragment (ScFv) and BiscFv-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein for detection of Bacillus anthracis. Anal Chem 2007; 78:997-1004. [PMID: 16478089 DOI: 10.1021/ac0512352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes an attempt for convenient and sensitive detection of Bacillus anthracis with single chain variable fragment (scFv)-based protein chip. Phage display technology was employed to generate scFv by using the protective antigen (PA) of B. anthracis for immunization. V(H) and V(L) genes of the scFv were amplified separately by reverse transcriptase-PCR from mRNA of immunized mice and then assembled into scFv gene with a linker DNA sequence. The scFv gene was inserted into a phagemid vector pCANTAB-5E and then transformed into Escherichia coli TG1 to yield recombinant phages after infection with helper phage M13KO7. After six rounds of panning with PA, the phage clones displaying scFv fragments of the antibody were selected by ELISA. One phage clone scFv-6w10 showing the strongest positive signal in ELISA was selected. To enhance the affinity of the scFv-6w10, a recombinant bivalent single-chain Fv antibody (biscFv-6w10) directed against PA was constructed and tested in functional assays. The affinity of the biscFv-6w10 was much higher than that of scFv-6w10 and reached 6.5 x 10(9) M(-1). An expression system was constructed for the production of E. coli alkaline phosphatase (EAP) labeled biscFv-6w10 (biscFv-6w10-EAP) in E. coli cells. The expressed fusion protein retained both antigen-specific binding and enzymatic activity and thus directly served as an enzyme-labeled antibody. Detections of PA and bacterial cells of B. anthracis using biscFv-6w10-EAP and Cy3-labeled biscFv-6w10 were performed on a protein chip. The fusion protein (biscFv-6w10-EAP) chip could detect 10 pg of PA and 500-1000 bacterial cells in approximately 2 h, while the sensitivity of Cy3-labeled protein chip reached 1 pg of PA and 50-100 cells within 2 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hua Wang
- Joint Research Group of Analytical Pathogen Microbiology, Wuhan Institute of Virology and Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
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Maximova N, Dahl O. A set up of a modern analytical laboratory for wastewaters from pulp and paper industry. Chem Soc Rev 2007; 36:1323-49. [PMID: 17619691 DOI: 10.1039/b515226g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of analytical techniques allowing rapid, selective, sensitive, and reliable determination of aqueous pollutants is of crucial importance for the protection of the environment. This critical review summarizes the advanced analytical techniques suggested over the last ten years together with already established methods, and evaluates whether they are fit for wastewater quality assessment considering the area of application, interferences, limit of detection, calibration function, and precision. The key parameters of wastewater quality assessment are: total organic carbon (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), organochlorines (AOX), nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and toxicity. Chromatography and capillary electrophoresis, photocatalytic oxidation with semiconductor nanofilms and atomic emission spectrometry, optical fibre sensors and chemiluminescence, amperometric mediated biosensors and microbial fuel cells, respirometry and bioluminescence measurements are just part of the proposed wastewater analyst's toolkit. The diversity of fundamental phenomena and the captivating elegance of interdisciplinary applications involved in the development of wastewater analytical techniques should attract the interest of a wide scientific audience including analytical chemists, chemical physicists, microbiologists and environmentalists. To conclude, we suggest a laboratory set up for the analysis of wastewaters from the pulp and paper industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Maximova
- Laboratory of Chemical Pulping and Environmental Technology, Helsinki University of Technology, PO Box 6300, 02015 HUT, Finland.
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Lei Y, Chen W, Mulchandani A. Microbial biosensors. Anal Chim Acta 2006; 568:200-10. [PMID: 17761261 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2005.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2005] [Revised: 11/17/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A microbial biosensor is an analytical device that couples microorganisms with a transducer to enable rapid, accurate and sensitive detection of target analytes in fields as diverse as medicine, environmental monitoring, defense, food processing and safety. The earlier microbial biosensors used the respiratory and metabolic functions of the microorganisms to detect a substance that is either a substrate or an inhibitor of these processes. Recently, genetically engineered microorganisms based on fusing of the lux, gfp or lacZ gene reporters to an inducible gene promoter have been widely applied to assay toxicity and bioavailability. This paper reviews the recent trends in the development and application of microbial biosensors. Current advances and prospective future direction in developing microbial biosensor have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- Division of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Centre of Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637722, Singapore.
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Lin L, Xiao LL, Huang S, Zhao L, Cui JS, Wang XH, Chen X. Novel BOD optical fiber biosensor based on co-immobilized microorganisms in ormosils matrix. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 21:1703-9. [PMID: 16203128 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2005.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2005] [Revised: 08/03/2005] [Accepted: 08/15/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) sensor has been developed, which is based on an immobilized mixed culture of microorganisms combined with a dissolved oxygen (DO) optical fiber. The sensing film for BOD measurement consists of an organically-modified silicate (ORMOSIL) film embedded with tri(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) ruthenium(II) perchlorate and three kinds of seawater microorganisms immobilized on a polyvinyl alcohol sol-gel matrix. The BOD measurements were carried out in the kinetic mode inside a light-proof cell and with constant temperature. Measurements were taken for 3 min followed by 10 min recovery time in 10 mg/L glucose/glutamate (GGA) BOD standard solution, and the range of determination was from 0.2 to 40 mg/L GGA. The effects of temperature, pH and sodium chloride concentration on the BOD sensing films were studied. BOD values estimated by this optical BOD sensing film correlate well with those determined by the conventional BOD5 method for seawater samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Analytical Sciences of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerome Workman
- Thermo Electron Corporation, 5225 Verona Road, Madison, Wisconsin 53711-4495, USA
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Cui R, Chung WJ, Jahng D. A rapid and simple respirometric biosensor with immobilized cells of Nitrosomonas europaea for detecting inhibitors of ammonia oxidation. Biosens Bioelectron 2005; 20:1788-95. [PMID: 15681195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2004] [Revised: 07/06/2004] [Accepted: 07/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As obligate chemolithotrophs, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) grow very slowly and are known to be extremely sensitive to a wide variety of inhibitors. Since it is generally accepted that inhibition of ammonia oxidation by AOB results in a total failure of nitrogen removal, it is necessary to develop a method to detect inhibitors of ammonia oxidation in wastewater. Since ammonia oxidation accompanies oxygen consumption, ammonia oxidation can be easily evaluated by measuring oxygen consumption rate using a dissolved oxygen (DO) probe. In this study, a rapid and simple respirometric biosensor using the pure culture of Nitrosomonas europaea was developed. N. europaea was cultivated in a continuous fermentor operating at the dilution rate of 0.008 h(-1) to obtain physiologically constant cells and was immobilized onto the dialysis membrane through filtration. DO, determined by the biosensor, started to increase 30 s later after ammonia oxidation inhibitor was fed, and a new steady-state DO was obtained in 10-30 min. For this DO profile, steady-state kinetics was applied to evaluate ammonia oxidation efficiency. The concentration of a toxic compound causing 50% decrease of oxygen-consumption activity (EC50) was determined for different chemicals. The EC50 values obtained with the biosensor (0.018 mg l(-1) for allylthiourea, 0.027 mg l(-1) for thioacetamide, 1.10 mg l(-1) for phenol and 0.0 1mg l(-1) for thiourea) indicated that the developed biosensor was highly sensitive to a variety of the inhibitors. It was also shown that the biosensor is applicable for on-line real time monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Cui
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Biotechnology, Myongji University, San 38-2, Namdong, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Republic of Korea
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Pasco N, Baronian K, Jeffries C, Webber J, Hay J. MICREDOX®—development of a ferricyanide-mediated rapid biochemical oxygen demand method using an immobilised Proteus vulgaris biocomponent. Biosens Bioelectron 2004; 20:524-32. [PMID: 15494235 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2004.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2003] [Revised: 02/22/2004] [Accepted: 02/25/2004] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) is an international regulatory environmental index for monitoring organic pollutants in wastewater and the current legislated standard test for BOD monitoring requires 5 days to complete (BOD5 test). We are developing a rapid microbial technique, MICREDOX, for measuring BOD by eliminating oxygen and, instead, quantifying an equivalent biochemical co-substrate demand, the co-substrate being a redox mediator. Elevated concentrations of Proteus vulgaris, either as free cells or immobilised in Lentikat disks, were incubated with an excess of redox mediator (potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)) and organic substrate for 1h at 37 degrees C without oxygen. The addition of substrate increased the catabolic activity of the microorganisms and the accumulation of reduced mediator, which was subsequently re-oxidised at a working electrode generating a current quantifiable by a coulometric transducer. The recorded currents were converted to their BOD5 equivalent with the only assumption being a fixed conversion of substrate and known stoichiometry. Measurements are reported both for the BOD5 calibration standard solution (150 mg l(-1) glucose, 150 mg l(-1) glutamic acid) and for filtered effluent sampled from a wastewater treatment plant. The inclusion of a highly soluble mediator in place of oxygen facilitated a high ferricyanide concentration in the incubation, which in turn permitted increased concentrations of microorganisms to be used. This substantially reduced the incubation time, from 5 days to 1h, for the biological oxidation of substrates equivalent to those observed using the standard BOD5 test. Stoichiometric conversion efficiencies for the oxidation of the standard substrate by P. vulgaris were typically 60% for free cells and 35-50% for immobilised cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Pasco
- Lincoln Technology, Lincoln Ventures Ltd., P.O. Box 133, Lincoln, Christchurch 8152, New Zealand.
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Okochi M, Mima K, Miyata M, Shinozaki Y, Haraguchi S, Fujisawa M, Kaneko M, Masukata T, Matsunaga T. Development of an automated water toxicity biosensor usingThiobacillus ferrooxidans for monitoring cyanides in natural water for a water filtering plant. Biotechnol Bioeng 2004; 87:905-11. [PMID: 15334417 DOI: 10.1002/bit.20193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
An on-line biosensor consisting of immobilized Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and an oxygen electrode was developed for automated monitoring of acute toxicity in water samples. T. ferrooxidans is an obligatory acidophilic, autotrophic bacterium and derives its energy by the oxidation of ferrous ion, elemental sulfur, and reduced sulfur compounds including metal sulfides. The assay is based on the monitoring of a current increase by addition of toxicoids, which is caused by the inhibition of bacterial respiration and decrease in oxygen consumption. Optimum cell number on the membrane was 5.0 x 10(8) cells. The steady-state current was obtained when concentration of FeSO4 was above 3.6 mM at pH 3. The sensor response of T. ferrooxidans immobilized membrane for 5.0 microM KCN was within an error of 10% for 30 membranes. A linear relationship was obtained at KCN concentration in the range of 0.5-3.0 microM in a flow-type monitoring system. Minimum detectable concentrations of KCN, Na2S, and NaN3 were 0.5, 1.2, and 0.07 microM, respectively. The monitoring system contained two biosensors and these sensors were cleaned with sulfuric acid (pH 1.5) twice a day. This treatment could remove fouling on microbial immobilized membrane by natural water and ferrous precipitation in the flow cell. This flow-type monitoring sensor was operated continuously for 5 months. Also, T. ferrooxidans immobilized membrane can be stored for one month at 4 degrees C when preserved with wet absorbent cotton under argon gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Okochi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Naka-cho, Koganei, 184-8588, Japan
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