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Zhang Q, Pan J, Xiong D, Zheng J, McPherson KN, Lee S, Huang M, Xu Y, Chen SH, Wang Y, Hildebrandt Ruiz L, You M. Aerosolized miR-138-5p and miR-200c targets PD-L1 for lung cancer prevention. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1166951. [PMID: 37520581 PMCID: PMC10372486 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of chemopreventive strategies with the ability to prevent the progression of lung lesions to malignant cancers would reduce the mortality and morbidity resulting from this deadly disease. Delivery of microRNA (miRNA) by inhalation is a novel method for lung cancer prevention. In this study, we investigated the combined efficacy of aerosolized miR-138-5p and miR-200c miRNA mimics in lung cancer prevention. Combination of the two miRNAs inhibited Benzo(a)pyrene (B((a))P)-induced lung adenomas and N-nitroso-tris-chloroethylurea (NTCU)-induced lung squamous cell carcinomas with no detectable side effects. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and imaging mass cytometry (IMC), we found that both miRNAs inhibited programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Our flow cytometry results showed that aerosolized delivery of combined miRNAs increased CD4+ and CD8+ T cells and reduced the expression of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and T-regulatory cells. Our results demonstrated that the delivery of aerosolized microRNAs targeting PD-L1 can be highly effective in preventing lung cancer development and progression in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jing Pan
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Donghai Xiong
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Junjun Zheng
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Kristi N. McPherson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Sangbeom Lee
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mofei Huang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yitian Xu
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Shu-hsia Chen
- Center for Immunotherapy Research, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Yian Wang
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Lea Hildebrandt Ruiz
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
| | - Ming You
- Center for Cancer Prevention, Houston Methodist Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX, United States
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2
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Xu C, Yuan Q, Wang W, Chi C, Zhang Q, Li L, Yang R, Wang Y. Prognostic significance of serum osteopontin levels in small cell lung cancer. BMC Pulm Med 2020; 20:235. [PMID: 32873264 PMCID: PMC7466423 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-020-01242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteopontin (OPN) is closely related to tumor occurrence and metastasis. This study explored the clinical value of serum OPN levels in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. METHODS The ELISA method was used to determine the OPN level of 96 SCLC patients before and after first-line chemotherapy, and compared with 60 healthy controls. RESULTS The serum OPN level of SCLC patients before treatment was significantly higher than that of the healthy control (P < 0.001). Serum OPN levels were related to disease stage, tumor size, and lymph node metastasis (P = 0.012, 0.034, and 0.037, respectively). Serum OPN level decreased after first-line chemotherapy (P = 0.019), which was related to treatment response (P = 0.011). The serum OPN level was an independent predictor of overall survival. CONCLUSIONS The serum OPN level can be used as a biomarker to predict treatment response and survival of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhua Xu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China. .,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanzhen Chi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rusong Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Yuchao Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 215 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.,The Clinical Center of Nanjing Respiratory Diseases and Imaging, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
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3
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Huang HL, Lin WJ. Dual Peptide-Modified Nanoparticles Improve Combination Chemotherapy of Etoposide and siPIK3CA Against Drug-Resistant Small Cell Lung Carcinoma. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12030254. [PMID: 32178266 PMCID: PMC7150975 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12030254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a highly aggressive form of malignancy with rapid recurrence and poor prognosis. The dual peptide-modified nanoparticles (NPs) for improving chemotherapy against drug-resistant small cell lung carcinoma cells has been developed. In this study, the SCLC targeting ligand, antagonist G peptide (AG), and cell-penetrating peptide, TAT, modified NPs were used to encapsulate both anticancer drugs etoposide (ETP) and PIK3CA small-interfering RNA (siPIK3CA). The ETP@NPs and siRNA@NPs had particle size 201.0 ± 1.9-206.5 ± 0.7 nm and 155.3 ± 12.4-169.1 ± 11.2 nm, respectively. The lyophilized ETP@NPs and siRNA@NPs maintained their particle size and zeta potential during 28-day storage without severe aggregation or dissociation. Either ETP@NPs or siRNA@NPs significantly reduced the IC50 of drugs by 2.5-5.5 folds and 2.4-3.9 folds, respectively, as compared to free ETP and siRNA/PEI nanocomplex in drug-resistant CD133(+) H69 cells. Herein, the IC50 of dual-peptide modified ETP@NPs and siRNA@NPs were prominently lower than single-peptide modified NPs. The synergistic effect (CI < 1) was further observed in co-treatment of ETP and siPIK3CA particularly delivered by dual-peptide modified NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Huang
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan
| | - Wen Jen Lin
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan
- Drug Research Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10050, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-33668765; Fax: +886-2-23919098
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4
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Machine learning and data mining frameworks for predicting drug response in cancer: An overview and a novel in silico screening process based on association rule mining. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 203:107395. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.107395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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5
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Zhang Q, Lee SB, Chen X, Stevenson ME, Pan J, Xiong D, Zhou Y, Miller MS, Lubet RA, Wang Y, Mirza SP, You M. Optimized Bexarotene Aerosol Formulation Inhibits Major Subtypes of Lung Cancer in Mice. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:2231-2242. [PMID: 30873838 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bexarotene has shown inhibition of lung and mammary gland tumorigenesis in preclinical models and in clinical trials. The main side effects of orally administered bexarotene are hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia. We previously demonstrated that aerosolized bexarotene administered by nasal inhalation has potent chemopreventive activity in a lung adenoma preclinical model without causing hypertriglyceridemia. To facilitate its future clinical translation, we modified the formula of the aerosolized bexarotene with a clinically relevant solvent system. This optimized aerosolized bexarotene formulation was tested against lung squamous cell carcinoma mouse model and lung adenocarcinoma mouse model and showed significant chemopreventive effect. This new formula did not cause visible signs of toxicity and did not increase plasma triglycerides or cholesterol. This aerosolized bexarotene was evenly distributed to the mouse lung parenchyma, and it modulated the microenvironment in vivo by increasing the tumor-infiltrating T cell population. RNA sequencing of the lung cancer cell lines demonstrated that multiple pathways are altered by bexarotene. For the first time, these studies demonstrate a new, clinically relevant aerosolized bexarotene formulation that exhibits preventive efficacy against the major subtypes of lung cancer. This approach could be a major advancement in lung cancer prevention for high risk populations, including former and present smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Morgan E Stevenson
- Department of Psychology , University of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , Wisconsin 53211 , United States
| | | | | | | | - Mark Steven Miller
- Division of Cancer Prevention , National Cancer Institute , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | - Ronald A Lubet
- Division of Cancer Prevention , National Cancer Institute , Rockville , Maryland 20850 , United States
| | | | - Shama P Mirza
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , Wisconsin 53211 , United States
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6
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Zhu Y, Huang W, Wu Y, Jia L, Li Y, Chen R, Guo L, Chen Q. [Establishment of A Patient-derived Xenotransplantation Animal Model for Small Cell Lung Cancer and Drug Resistance Model]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2019; 22:6-14. [PMID: 30674387 PMCID: PMC6348158 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2019.01.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 小细胞肺癌(small cell lung cancer, SCLC)是细胞分化程度低,恶性程度高,生长速度快,早期容易发生转移的恶性肿瘤。目前SCLC患者的临床治疗以化疗为主,但是在治疗6个月-9个月后极易发生获得性耐药而复发。因此,构建有效的临床前SCLC动物模型具有重要的临床价值。人源性肿瘤异种移植动物模型(patient-derived xenotransplantation, PDX)能够较好地保留原发肿瘤的特性,是比较理想的临床前动物模型。本研究旨在构建中国人来源的SCLC PDX动物模型,并诱导构建化疗耐药的PDX模型,为研究SCLC耐药机制及个体化治疗提供实验模型。 方法 取临床SCLC患者的新鲜手术切除标本或穿刺标本,移植至重度免疫缺陷小鼠NOD-PrkdcscidIL2rgtm1/Bcgen(B-NSGTM)皮下,HE染色及免疫组化对比移植肿瘤组织与患者肿瘤组织的病理学一致性。给予可稳定传代的每一代PDX模型小鼠腹腔注射8个周期的化疗药物(顺铂8 mg/kg+依托泊苷5mg/kg),定期监测荷瘤小鼠体质量和肿瘤体积,对长至1, 000 mm3大小的肿瘤进行传代移植。 结果 本研究收集并移植9例SCLC肿瘤标本,成功构建可多次传代SCLC PDX模型3例并成功诱导其耐药模型,模型较好地保留了原发肿瘤的特征。 结论 成功构建了SCLC PDX模型及其耐药模型,建模成功率为33%。为后续研究人的SCLC耐药机制、临床药物筛选以及个体化治疗提供了实验平台。
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Weimei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yuanzhou Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Longfei Jia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yaling Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qunqing Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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7
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Wan Z, Zhang X, Yu X, Hou Y. Prognostic significance of serum soluble DR5 levels in small-cell lung cancer. Int J Med Sci 2019; 16:403-408. [PMID: 30911274 PMCID: PMC6428977 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.28814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The death receptor 5 (DR5) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily that can transduce the apoptosis signal in cells. This study assessed serum levels of soluble death receptor 5 (sDR5) in small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients compared with those in healthy controls. Clinicopathological features of patients, treatment responses, and overall survival of patients were also recorded and analyzed. The sDR5 levels were analyzed using ELISA in 50 healthy controls and 82 SCLC patients before and after first-line chemotherapy. The statistical data showed that pre-treatment levels of serum sDR5 in SCLC patients were higher than those of healthy controls (P<0.001). Pre-treatment levels of serum sDR5 were significantly associated with smoking history of patients, Veterans Administration Lung Study Group (VALSG) stage, tumor size, and lymph node (N) metastasis (P=0.028, 0.001, 0.028, and 0.01, respectively). After treatment with the first-line chemotherapy, the post-treatment levels of serum sDR5 were obviously decreased (P<0.001), and correlated with treatment responses (P<0.001), although there was no significant difference in their pretreatment sDR5 levels (P=0.62). Cox proportional hazard analysis demonstrated that the post-treatment levels of serum sDR5, VALSG stage, and PS status were all independent predictors for overall survival of patients. The results from the current study indicate that serum level of sDR5 could be further confirmed as a biomarker to predict treatment responses and survival of SCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfa Wan
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Fourth Hospital of Jinan City, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Xiaoshan Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Weihaiwei People's Hospital, Weihai, Shandong, 264200, China
| | - Xinshuang Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
| | - Yong Hou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, China
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8
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Fang S, Shen Y, Chen B, Wu Y, Jia L, Li Y, Zhu Y, Yan Y, Li M, Chen R, Guo L, Chen X, Chen Q. H3K27me3 induces multidrug resistance in small cell lung cancer by affecting HOXA1 DNA methylation via regulation of the lncRNA HOTAIR. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2018; 6:440. [PMID: 30596070 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2018.10.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Background The long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) serves as a powerful predictor of tumor progression and overall survival in patients. Our previous studies showed that HOTAIR modulated HOXA1 DNA methylation by reducing DNMT1 and DNMT3b expression in drug-resistant small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Moreover, H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) is catalyzed by enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) and plays a critical role in SCLC chemoresistance. However, it is not completely clear whether H3K27me3 affects HOXA1 DNA methylation or whether this effect is mediated by HOTAIR. Methods The levels of EZH2 and H3K27me3 were identified in SCLC tissues by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and in SCLC multidrug-resistant cells by Western blotting. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and flow cytometry were used to detect and analyze the biological function of H3K27me3. Then, we assessed the role of HOTAIR in the regulation of EZH2 and H3K27me3 by using lentivirus and small interfering RNA. Further, bisulfite sequencing PCR was conducted to detect the methylation levels of HOXA1 DNA. Finally, Western blotting was performed to examine the regulatory role of H3K27me3 in controlling HOTAIR expression in SCLC. Results In this study, we found that EZH2 and H3K27me3 levels were markedly higher in SCLC tissues and multidrug-resistant SCLC cells. The results indicated that H3K27me3 was related to multidrug resistance. HOTAIR overexpression and knockdown showed that EZH2 and H3K27me3 were regulated by HOTAIR. Moreover, H3K27me3 affected HOXA1 DNA methylation levels. Strikingly, we found that H3K27me3 acted as a negative feedback regulator of HOTAIR. Conclusions Our study showed that H3K27me3 affects HOXA1 DNA methylation via HOTAIR regulation, indicating that H3K27me3 may be a potential therapy target for SCLC chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Fang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yefeng Shen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yuanzhou Wu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Longfei Jia
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yaling Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yaru Zhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Yusheng Yan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
| | - Qunqing Chen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China
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Abstract
Advancement in the understanding of lung tumor biology enables continued refinement of lung cancer classification, reflected in the recently introduced 2015 World Health Organization classification of lung cancer. In small biopsy or cytology specimens, special emphasis is placed on separating adenocarcinomas from the other lung cancers to effectively select tumors for targeted molecular testing. In resection specimens, adenocarcinomas are further classified based on architectural pattern to delineate tissue types of prognostic significance. Neuroendocrine tumors are divided into typical carcinoid, atypical carcinoid, small cell carcinoma, and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma based on a combination of features, especially tumor cell proliferation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, 1945 Route 33, Neptune, NJ 07753, USA.
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10
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Wang Q, Zeng F, Sun Y, Qiu Q, Zhang J, Huang W, Huang J, Huang X, Guo L. Etk Interaction with PFKFB4 Modulates Chemoresistance of Small-cell Lung Cancer by Regulating Autophagy. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 24:950-962. [PMID: 29208667 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-17-1475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: Epithelial and endothelial tyrosine kinase (Etk), also known as bone marrow X kinase (Bmx), was found to be critical in modulating the chemoresistance of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) in our preliminary study. However, the molecular mechanisms of Etk in SCLC chemoresistance remain poorly understood.Experimental Design: We determined correlation of Etk with autophagy in SCLC. And direct inhibition of autophagy was performed to validate its effect on chemoresistance. Coimmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and GST-pull down experiments were conducted to verify the interaction of Etk and PFKFB4, after a microarray analysis. In vitro and in vivo gain or loss-of-function analyses and evaluation of PFKFB4 expression in SCLC specimens, were done to validate its role in chemoresistance. Ibrutinib was administrated in SCLC cells to verify its synergistic anti-tumor effect with chemotherapy using preclinical models including a PDX model.Results: Downregulation of Etk suppressed autophagy in chemoresistant SCLC cells, and direct inhibition of autophagy sensitized cells to chemotherapy. PFKFB4 (6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4) was identified as a downstream target of Etk and an Etk-interacting protein, which promoted chemoresistance in SCLC and was associated with poor therapeutic response and prognosis. Furthermore, ibrutinib was found to exhibit a synergistic anti-tumor effect with chemotherapy in targeting Etk.Conclusions: Our results demonstrated for the first time that Etk interacts with PFKFB4 to promote SCLC chemoresistance through regulation of autophagy. Aberrant Etk and PFKFB4 can be predictive factors for the chemotherapy response as well as potential therapeutic targets in SCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 950-62. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyao Wang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Fanrui Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, P.R. China
| | - Qianqian Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Weimei Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Huang
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P.R. China.
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Zhang X, Yu J, Zhu H, Meng X, Li M, Jiang L, Ding X, Sun X. Consolidative thoracic radiotherapy for extensive stage small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:22251-22261. [PMID: 28118612 PMCID: PMC5400661 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) represents approximately half of all diagnosed small cell lung cancer worldwide. It is notorious for a high risk of local recurrence although it’s sensitive to chemotherapy. Nearly 90% of intrathoracic failures happen in the first year after diagnosis. The cornerstone of treatment for ES-SCLC is etoposide-platinum based chemotherapy. Consolidative radiotherapy to thorax has diminished the incidence of local relapse, therefore it should be offered to patients with excellent response to induction first-line chemotherapy. This review centers on the clinical evidence for the use of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) and current modalities of TRT delivery, then tries to determine a feasible way to conduct TRT in a selective group of cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zhang
- . Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,. Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China
| | - Jinming Yu
- . Department of Oncology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,. Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Meng
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Minghuan Li
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Liyang Jiang
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
| | - Xingchen Ding
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Xindong Sun
- . Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Science, Jinan, China.,. Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan University, Jinan, China
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High PD-L1 expression is associated with stage IV disease and poorer overall survival in 186 cases of small cell lung cancers. Oncotarget 2017; 8:18021-18030. [PMID: 28152514 PMCID: PMC5392304 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy with a distinct natural history and dismal prognosis. SCLC is characterized as a recalcitrant neoplasm with limited therapeutic options and platinum-based chemotherapy is the treatment of choice. Programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1)-mediated immune escape may be a suitable target for specific therapy, but its role in SCLC is unclear. Materials and methods In total, 186 SCLC cases were investigated. Paraffin-embedded tumor sections were stained with a PD-L1 antibody. PD-L1 overexpression was denoted by moderate-to-strong PD-L1 membrane staining in ≥ 5% of tumor cells. Tumor cells and infiltrating lymphocytes were scored separately. Results The overall frequency of PD-L1 overexpression, in tumor cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) was 78.0% and 54.3%, respectively. High tumor PD-L1 expression was significantly correlated with high TIL PD-L1 expression (P=0.001) and stage IV disease (P=0.048). Multivariate analysis revealed that high tumor PD-L1 expression and stage IV disease were two independent risk factors for poor overall survival. Conclusions High PD-L1 expression was observed in SCLCs compared with their expression in conventional NSCLCs. The aggressive behavior of SCLC could be partially related to PD-L1-mediated immune escape. High PD-L1 expression correlated with poor prognosis and may provide a rationale for immunotherapy for high-grade SCLC.
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Pei R, Zhang L, Xie C, Lu Z, Wang G, Yang Z. Prognostic value of Ki-67 expression in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2017; 13:1247-1252. [PMID: 28589765 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2016-0542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine whether Ki-67 has prognostic significance in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. PATIENTS & METHODS A retrospective review identified 159 consecutive patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. Ki-67 expression level at the time of diagnosis was retrieved. Survival was assessed by Kaplan-Meier method and long-rank test. RESULTS None of the clinical characteristics, including age, gender and lactate dehydrogenase, were significantly associated with Ki-67 expression level (p > 0.05). Patients with high Ki-67 expression had longer survival than patients with low Ki-67 expression (p = 0.078). Age, gender and lactate dehydrogenase were not significantly associated with survival (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Ki-67 expression level failed to have a markedly significant impact on survival in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renguang Pei
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Liqin Zhang
- Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Chao Xie
- Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Lu
- Respiratory Medicine, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Guoxiang Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
| | - Zhimin Yang
- Medical Oncology, Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, P.R. China
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Shafik NF, Rahoma M, Elshimy RAA, M Abou El kasem F. Prognostic Value of Prepro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide in Lung Cancer Patients; NCI-Prospective Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:5179-5183. [PMID: 28124884 PMCID: PMC5454655 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2016.17.12.5179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Prior series investigated the expression of prepro-gastrin releasing peptide (prepro-GRP) in the peripheral blood of lung cancer patients. Our aim was to assess any prepro-GRP role as a prognostic factor for small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and NSCLC and correlations with clinical presentation and treatment outcome. Methods: A prospective study was conducted during the time period from the beginning of January 2012 till the end of January 2014. Prepro-GRP expression was analysed using a nested RT-PCR assay in peripheral blood of 62 untreated lung cancer patients attending the National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo University, and 30 age and sex matched healthy volunteers. Results: Among the 62 lung cancer cases, there were 24 (38.7%) SCLC, and 38 (61.3%) NSCLC (10 squamous cell carcinomas, 12 adenocarcinomas, 11 large cell carcinomas, 4 undifferentiated carcinomas, and 1 adenosquamous carcinoma). Twenty six patients (41.9%) were prepro-GRP positive. Prepro-GRP expression was higher (58.3%) among SCLC patients compared to NSCLC (squamous cell carcinoma (15.4%), large cell carcinoma (36.4%), and adenocarcinoma (25%)). Mean OS among prepro-GRP negative cases was longer than that among preprogastrin positive cases (17.6 vs 14.9 months). The mean PFS durations among preprogastrin negative versus positive cases were 7.7 vs 4.6 months (p= 0.041). No difference in response to chemotherapy was identified between the groups (p=0.983). Conclusion: Prepro-GRP is suggested to be a useful prognostic marker for lung cancer patients, especially with the fast- growing, bad prognostic SCLC type. More studies should aim at detailed understanding of the mechanisms of prepro-GRP action and its use in monitoring the response to treatment in a larger cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nevine F Shafik
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology Department, National Cancer Institute, Cairo University, Egypt.
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Sas-Korczyńska B, Łuczyńska E, Kamzol W, Sokołowski A. Analysis of risk factors for pulmonary complications in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer : A single-centre retrospective study. Strahlenther Onkol 2016; 193:141-149. [PMID: 27785518 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-016-1069-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The most effective therapy in patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS SCLC) seems to be chemotherapy (using platinum-based regimens) and thoracic radiotherapy (TRT), which is followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS The analysed group comprised 217 patients who received combined treatment for LS SCLC, i.e. chemotherapy (according to cisplatin and etoposide schedule) and TRT (concurrent in 101 and sequential in 116 patients). The influence of chemoradiotherapy (ChT-RT) schedule on treatment results (frequency of complete response, survival rates, and incidence of treatment failure and complications) was evaluated, and the frequency and severity of pulmonary complications were analysed to identify risk factors. RESULTS The 5‑year survival rates in concurrent vs. sequential ChT-RT schedules were 27.3 vs. 11.7% (overall) and 28 vs. 14.3% (disease-free). The frequencies of adverse events in relation to concurrent vs. sequential therapy were 85.1 vs. 9.5% (haematological complications) and 58.4 vs. 38.8% (pulmonary fibrosis), respectively. It was found that concurrent ChT-RT (hazard ratio, HR 2.75), a total dose equal to or more than 54 Gy (HR 2.55), the presence of haematological complications (HR 1.89) and a lung volume receiving a dose equal to or greater than 20 Gy exceeding 31% (HR 1.06) were the risk factors for pulmonary complications. CONCLUSION Pulmonary complications after ChT-RT developed in 82% of patients treated for LS SCLC. In comparison to the sequential approach, concurrent ChT-RT had a positive effect on treatment outcome. However, this is a factor that can impair treatment tolerance, which manifests in the appearance of side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sas-Korczyńska
- Clinic of Oncology and Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115, Cracow, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Łuczyńska
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115, Cracow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kamzol
- Clinic of Oncology and Department of Radiotherapy, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Cracow Branch, Garncarska 11, 31-115, Cracow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Sokołowski
- Department of Statistics, Cracow University of Economics, Rakowicka 27, 31-510, Cracow, Poland
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Sodja E, Rijavec M, Koren A, Sadikov A, Korošec P, Cufer T. The prognostic value of whole blood SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression in advanced small-cell lung cancer. Radiol Oncol 2016; 50:188-96. [PMID: 27247551 PMCID: PMC4852967 DOI: 10.1515/raon-2015-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The data on expression and clinical impact of cancer stem cell markers SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 in lung cancer is still lacking. The aim of our study was to compare SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression levels in whole blood between advanced small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and healthy controls, and to correlate mRNA expression with progression-free survival (PFS) after first-line chemotherapy and overall survival (OS) in advanced SCLC patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS 50 advanced SCLC patients treated with standard chemotherapy and followed at University Clinic Golnik, Slovenia, between 2009 and 2013 were prospectively included. SOX2, NANOG and OCT4 mRNA expression levels were determined using TaqMan qPCR in whole blood collected prior to chemotherapy. Whole blood of 34 matched healthy individuals with no cancerous disease was also tested. RESULTS SOX2 mRNA expression was significantly higher in whole blood of SCLC patients compared to healthy controls (p = 0.006). Significant correlation between SOX2 mRNA expression levels and the number of distant metastatic sites was established (p = 0.027). In survival analysis, patients with high SOX2 expression had shorter OS (p = 0.017) and PFS (p = 0.046). In multivariate Cox analysis, an independent value of high SOX2 expression for shorter OS (p = 0.002), but not PFS was confirmed. No significant differences were observed for NANOG or OCT4 expression levels when comparing SCLC patients and healthy controls neither when analysing survival outcomes in SCLC patients. CONCLUSIONS SOX2 mRNA expression in whole blood might be a promising non-invasive marker for molecular screening of SCLC and important prognostic marker in advanced chemotherapy-treated SCLC patients, altogether indicating important role of cancer stem-like cell (CSC) regulators in cancer spread. Further evaluation of SOX2 as a possible screening/prognostic marker and a therapeutic target of SCLC is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Sodja
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | | | - Ana Koren
- University Clinic Golnik, Golnik, Slovenia
| | - Aleksander Sadikov
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Computer and Information Science, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Prognostic factors affecting the risk of thoracic progression in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:197. [PMID: 26955807 PMCID: PMC4782389 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2222-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy of combined modality therapy is evaluated for patients with extensive-stage (ES) small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This study evaluated prognostic factors affecting the risk of thoracic progression in ES-SCLC patients likely to undergo thoracic radiotherapy combined chemotherapy. Methods A retrospective review of ES-SCLC patients who had received systemic chemotherapy at our hospital was performed. Tumor size, metastatic sites, and laboratory data at diagnosis were evaluated as potential prognostic factors. In ES-SCLC patients without pleural dissemination, the rate of thoracic progression after initial chemotherapy was assessed. Results Eighty-three of 96 consecutive ES-SCLC patients were analyzed. The overall response rate was 55 %, median progression free survival was 5.0 months (mo), and overall survival (OS) was 9.2 mo. Tumor size (19.4 mo for ≤3 cm vs. 8.5 mo for >3 cm, p = 0.017) and the number of metastatic sites (12.9 mo for single sites vs. 7.1 mo for multiple sites, p = 0.015) were prognostic factors, in addition to known prognostic factors such as performance status and the levels of LDH and sodium. Cox proportional hazard model showed that the OS was significantly worse in patients with large (>3 cm) primary tumor size {HR 2.44 [95 % confidential interval (CI) 1.05–5.68], p = 0.038} and multiple metastatic sites [HR 1.81 (95 % CI 1.08–3.04), p = 0.026]. In 51 cases without pleural dissemination, the number of metastatic sites was associated with thoracic progression after initial chemotherapy (65 % for single sites vs. 36 % for multiple sites, p = 0.036). Conclusion Large tumor size and multiple metastatic sites at diagnosis significantly predicted poor survival in ES-SCLC patients. Based on the high rate of thoracic progression in ES-SCLC patients with single site of distant metastasis, we should consider thoracic radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy for this population. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2222-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Qin T, Zhou N, Zeng YD, Dinglin X, Zhao Y, Liu H, Chen L. Benefit from thoracic radiotherapy in patients with extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer with elevated lactate dehydrogenase. Onco Targets Ther 2016; 9:1095-103. [PMID: 27042102 PMCID: PMC4780208 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s97131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is associated with a large tumor burden in extensive-disease small-cell lung cancer (ED-SCLC). This study evaluated the benefit of additional thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) in patients with ED-SCLC with elevated LDH. Methods We analyzed 94 patients with ED-SCLC and evaluated LDH at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center during the period between January 2000 and March 2010. Patients were divided into two groups according to whether TRT was received. Survival was evaluated by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox’s regression analysis. Results The median age of the 94 patients with ED-SCLC was 58.5 years. The main metastatic sites included the liver, bone, brain, and adrenal glands. The response rate in the TRT group was 46.9%. There were 32 patients (34.04%) receiving TRT and 5.3% receiving prophylactic cranial irradiation. The median survival time reached 10 months (95% confidence interval: 8.22, 11.78 months), and the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates were 43.6%, 11.7%, and 2.1%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between the TRT group and the no TRT group (PFS: 9.0 months vs 6.0 months, P=0.018; OS: 13.0 months vs 9.0 months, P=0.006). Conclusion The use of TRT improves the survival of patients with ED-SCLC. Future studies should use the LDH level for categorizing patients for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Qin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin-Duo Zeng
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Dinglin
- Breast Tumor Center, Sun Yat-sen University Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Huai Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China; Department of Radiotherapy, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Key Laboratory of Translational Radiation Oncology, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Likun Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, The State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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Nobashi T, Koyasu S, Nakamoto Y, Kubo T, Ishimori T, Kim YH, Yoshizawa A, Togashi K. Prognostic value of fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose positron emission tomography parameters differs according to primary tumour location in small-cell lung cancer. Br J Radiol 2016; 89:20150618. [PMID: 26756811 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20150618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the prognostic value of fluorine-18 fludeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) parameters for small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), according to the primary tumour location, adjusted by conventional prognostic factors. METHODS From 2008 to 2013, we enrolled consecutive patients with histologically proven SCLC, who had undergone FDG-PET/CT prior to initial therapy. The primary tumour location was categorized into central or peripheral types. PET parameters and clinical variables were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS A total of 69 patients were enrolled in this study; 28 of these patients were categorized as having the central type and 41 patients as having the peripheral type. In univariate analysis, stage, serum neuron-specific enolase, whole-body metabolic tumour volume (WB-MTV) and whole-body total lesion glycolysis (WB-TLG) were found to be significant in both types of patients. In multivariate analysis, the independent prognostic factor was found to be stage in the central type, but WB-MTV and WB-TLG in the peripheral type. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients with peripheral type with limited disease and low WB-MTV or WB-TLG showed significantly better overall survival than all of the other groups (p < 0.0083). CONCLUSION The FDG-PET volumetric parameters were demonstrated to be significant and independent prognostic factors in patients with peripheral type of SCLC, while stage was the only independent prognostic factor in patients with central type of SCLC. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE FDG-PET is a non-invasive method that could potentially be used to estimate the prognosis of patients, especially those with peripheral-type SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Nobashi
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sho Koyasu
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Nakamoto
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kubo
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Ishimori
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Young H Kim
- 2 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akihiko Yoshizawa
- 3 Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kaori Togashi
- 1 Department of Diagnostic Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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Li Z, Liu X, Li J, Gao H, Tang C, Li X, Guo W, Qin H, Wang W, Qu L, Chen J. [Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Different Therapeutic Regimens as
Second-line Treatment for Small Cell Lung Cancer]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2015; 18:280-8. [PMID: 25975298 PMCID: PMC6015214 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2015.05.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
背景与目的 小细胞肺癌是一种侵袭性非常强的肿瘤,其主要治疗方案是细胞毒化疗,尽管有较高的初始治疗缓解率,但大部分患者在一线治疗后会出现复发或进展。目前只有较少的证据证明二线治疗能给复发或晚期小细胞肺癌患者带来生存获益,指南推荐药物较多,但临床多依据经验制定方案。本研究回顾性分析小细胞肺癌患者不同二线治疗方案的疗效和安全性,以指导临床医生更客观地选择小细胞肺癌二线治疗方案。 方法 回顾性分析了309例接受二线治疗的小细胞肺癌患者,其中157例患者进展后仅予最佳支持治疗,其余152例患者进行了二线化疗。采用Kaplan-Meier法生存曲线及Log-rank检验等统计学方法,观察终点为客观缓解率(objective response rate, ORR)、疾病控制率(disease control rate, DCR)、无进展生存时间(progression-free survival, PFS)、总生存时间(overall survival, OS)和安全性分析。 结果 接受二线化疗的患者较二线仅接受最佳支持治疗的患者生存获益明显,两组患者自一线治疗开始的OS分别为11.5个月和6.0个月(P < 0.001),并且前者无论何种复发类型,在二线治疗ORR、DCR、PFS和OS上均明显优于后者。接受二线化疗患者,其ORR为39.5%,DCR为59.2%,中位PFS和中位OS分别为3.3个月和5.3个月。据方案将二线化疗患者分组,敏感型复发患者由采用含VP-16方案的A组和采用含CPT-11方案的B1组组成,两组ORR分别为48.6%和35.3%,DCR分别为68.6%和58.8%,均无明显差异(P值分别为0.264和0.400);两组二线中位PFS分别为4.0个月和3.0个月,无明显差异(P=0.432);两组中位OS分别为6.5个月和4.5个月,无统计学差异(P=0.508)。耐药/难治型复发患者由其余含CPT-11方案的B2组、含PTX/DXL方案的C组和含TPT方案的D组组成。组间ORR、DCR、二线中位PFS无明显统计学差异(P值分别为0.521、0.528和0.775);D组中位OS优于B2组和C组,差异具有统计学意义(P值分别为0.043、0.030)。四个方案组毒副作用相似,Ⅲ度-Ⅳ度血液学毒性组间并无差异;伊立替康组的患者腹泻发生率高于其他三组(P=0.029)。 结论 二线化疗可以给一线治疗失败的小细胞肺癌患者带来生存获益;不同二线化疗方案患者的近期缓解和无进展生存相似;耐药/难治型患者二线化疗采用含TPT的方案可能会给患者带来更好的总生存获益。
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China;Department of Oncology, General Hospital of The Second Artillery of PLA, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jianjie Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Hongjun Gao
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Chuanhao Tang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Wanfeng Guo
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Haifeng Qin
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Weixia Wang
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Lili Qu
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Lung Cancer, Affiliated Hospital of Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China
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Li HX, Zhao W, Shi Y, Li YN, Zhang LS, Zhang HQ, Wang D. Retinoic acid amide inhibits JAK/STAT pathway in lung cancer which leads to apoptosis. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:8671-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3534-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Liu H, Huang J, Peng J, Wu X, Zhang Y, Zhu W, Guo L. Upregulation of the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir2.1 (KCNJ2) modulates multidrug resistance of small-cell lung cancer under the regulation of miR-7 and the Ras/MAPK pathway. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:59. [PMID: 25880778 PMCID: PMC4373128 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background KCNJ2/Kir2.1, a member of the classical inwardly rectifying potassium channel family, is commonly expressed in a wide range of tissues and cell types. Previous studies indicated that Kir2.1 may be associated with SCLC multidrug resistance (MDR). However, whether Kir2.1 can regulate MDR and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood in SCLC. Methods KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression was examined in tissues from fifty-two SCLC cases by immunohistochemistry. Overexpression or knockdown of KCNJ2/Kir21 was performed in multidrug-resistant SCLC cell lines (H69AR and H446AR) and their parental cell lines (H69 and H446) to assess its influence on cell growth, apoptosis, the cell cycle and chemoresistance. Results KCNJ2/Kir2.1 was expressed in 44.23% (23/52) of SCLC tissues. Overexpression of KCNJ2/Kir2.1 was correlated with the clinical stage and chemotherapy response in SCLC patients. Knockdown of KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression using KCNJ2/Kir2.1 shRNA in H69AR and H446AR cells inhibited cell growth and sensitized the cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs by increasing cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Forced KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression in H69 and H446 cells promoted cell growth and enhanced multidrug resistance via reduced drug-induced apoptosis accompanied by cell cycle arrest. KCNJ2/Kir2.1 expression was also influenced by PKC and MEK inhibitors. In addition, multidrug resistance protein 1 (MRP1/ABCC1) was confirmed to interact with KCNJ2/Kir2.1 by Co-IP assays. Conclusions KCNJ2/Kir2.1 modulates cell growth and drug resistance by regulating MRP1/ABCC1 expression and is simultaneously regulated by the Ras/MAPK pathway and miR-7. KCNJ2/Kir2.1 may be a prognostic predictor and a potentially novel target for interfering with chemoresistance in SCLC. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12943-015-0298-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanxin Liu
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Juan Peng
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China. .,Department of Pathology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Wu
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Weiliang Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Linlang Guo
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Rossetti C, Abdel Qader A, Halvorsen TG, Sellergren B, Reubsaet L. Antibody-Free Biomarker Determination: Exploring Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Pro-Gastrin Releasing Peptide. Anal Chem 2014; 86:12291-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ac503559c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Rossetti
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Abed Abdel Qader
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry,
Institute for Environmental Research (INFU), Technical University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Trine Grønhaug Halvorsen
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Börje Sellergren
- Department
of Environmental Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry,
Institute for Environmental Research (INFU), Technical University of Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany
- Department
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Society, University of Malmö, 205 06 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Léon Reubsaet
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, NO-0316 Oslo, Norway
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Stereotactic body radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy extends survival of patients with limited stage small cell lung cancer: a single-center prospective phase II study. Med Oncol 2014; 31:369. [DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0369-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Gueugnon F, Cartron PF, Charrier C, Bertrand P, Fonteneau JF, Gregoire M, Blanquart C. New histone deacetylase inhibitors improve cisplatin antitumor properties against thoracic cancer cells. Oncotarget 2014; 5:4504-15. [PMID: 24980825 PMCID: PMC4147341 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have shown promising antitumor effects on numerous cancer cells including malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) and lung adenocarcinoma (ADCA) cells. However, clinical trials using these compounds alone have shown limited efficacy against solid tumors. Therefore, new molecules are being developed and combinations with classical chemotherapeutic drugs are being tested. Here, we have evaluated on three MPM and three lung ADCA cell lines the antitumor potential of four new HDACi compounds, either alone or in combination with cisplatin. These effects were compared with those of vorinostat, an HDACi approved for cancer treatments. First, we characterized the HDAC mRNA expression profiles of tumor cells and showed an increase of the classI/classII HDAC ratio. We then treated cancer cells with these new HDACi and observed a cell-death induction and an increase of HDACi target genes and proteins expression. This was particularly evident for NODH compound (pan-HDACi) which had similar effects at nanomolar concentrations as micromolar concentrations of vorinostat. Interestingly, we observed that the HDACi/cisplatin combination strongly increased cell-death and limited resistance-phenotype emergence as compared with results obtained when the drugs were used alone. These results could be exploited to develop MPM and lung ADCA treatments combining chemotherapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Gueugnon
- Inserm, U892, F-44000, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Université Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Pierre-François Cartron
- Inserm, U892, F-44000, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Université Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Réseau Epigénétique du Canceropôle Grand Ouest
| | - Cedric Charrier
- CNRS, UMR7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Philippe Bertrand
- Réseau Epigénétique du Canceropôle Grand Ouest
- CNRS, UMR7285, Institut de Chimie des Milieux et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, France
| | - Jean-François Fonteneau
- Inserm, U892, F-44000, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Université Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Marc Gregoire
- Inserm, U892, F-44000, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Université Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
| | - Christophe Blanquart
- Inserm, U892, F-44000, Nantes, France
- CNRS, UMR6299, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Université Nantes, F-44000, Nantes, France
- Réseau Epigénétique du Canceropôle Grand Ouest
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26
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Molecular profiling of small cell lung cancer in a Japanese cohort. Lung Cancer 2014; 84:139-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Revised: 02/05/2014] [Accepted: 02/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Coiffard B, Elharrar X, Vandemoortele T, Laroumagne S, Dutau H, Astoul P. The hypermetabolic mushroom: superior vena cava syndrome. Am J Med 2014; 127:395-7. [PMID: 24508415 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2014.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Coiffard
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France.
| | - Xavier Elharrar
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Vandemoortele
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France; Department of Pulmonology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Hôpital Notre-Dame, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sophie Laroumagne
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Dutau
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Astoul
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Pleural Diseases, and Interventional Pulmonology, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France; Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France
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28
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Lee J, Kim JO, Jung CK, Kim YS, Yoo IR, Choi WH, Jeon EK, Hong SH, Chun SH, Kim SJ, Kim YK, Kang JH. Metabolic Activity on [18F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose-Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Glucose Transporter-1 Expression Might Predict Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Limited Disease Small-Cell Lung Cancer Who Receive Concurrent Chemoradiation. Clin Lung Cancer 2014; 15:e13-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Amini A, Byers LA, Welsh JW, Komaki RU. Progress in the management of limited-stage small cell lung cancer. Cancer 2013; 120:790-8. [PMID: 24327434 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 15% of lung cancer cases are of the small cell subtype, but this variant is highly aggressive and is often diagnosed at advanced stages. Outcomes after current treatment regimens have been poor, with 5-year survival rates as low as 25% for patients with limited-stage disease. Advances in therapy for small cell lung cancer have included the development of more effective chemotherapeutic agents and radiation techniques. For example, hyperfractionated radiotherapy given early in the course of the disease can reduce local recurrence and extend survival. Other technologic advances in radiation planning and delivery such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy, image-guided adaptive radiotherapy, and 4-dimensional computed tomography/positron emission tomography have facilitated the design of treatment volumes that closely conform to the shape of the tumor, which allows higher radiation doses to be given while minimizing radiation-induced toxicity to adjacent structures. Future improvements in outcomes will require clarifying the molecular basis for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Amini
- Department, of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; University of California at Irvine School of Medicine, Irvine, California
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30
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Walls M, Baxi SM, Mehta PP, Liu KKC, Zhu J, Estrella H, Li C, Zientek M, Zong Q, Smeal T, Yin MJ. Targeting small cell lung cancer harboring PIK3CA mutation with a selective oral PI3K inhibitor PF-4989216. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:631-43. [PMID: 24240111 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-1663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Constitutive activation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) occurs frequently in many human tumors via either gene mutation in the p110α catalytic subunit of PI3K or functional loss of tumor suppressor PTEN. Patients with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) have very poor prognosis and survival rates such that an effective targeted therapy is in strong demand for these patients. In this study, we characterized the highly selective oral PI3K inhibitor, PF-4989216, in preclinical SCLC models to investigate whether targeting the PI3K pathway is an effective targeted therapy option for SCLCs that harbor a PIK3CA mutation. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A panel of SCLC cell lines with PIK3CA mutation or PTEN loss were treated with PF-4989216 in several in vitro assays, including PI3K pathway signaling, cell viability, apoptosis, cell-cycle progression, and cell transformation. SCLC cell lines that were sensitive in vitro to PF-4989216 were further evaluated by in vivo animal studies to determine the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship and tumor growth inhibition (TGI) by PF-4989216 treatment. RESULTS PF-4989216 inhibited PI3K downstream signaling and subsequently led to apoptosis induction, and inhibition in cell viability, transformation, and xenograft tumor growth in SCLCs harboring PIK3CA mutation. In SCLCs with PTEN loss, PF-4989216 also inhibited PI3K signaling but did not induce BCL2-interacting mediator (BIM)-mediated apoptosis nor was there any effect on cell viability or transformation. These results implicate differential tumorigenesis and apoptosis mechanisms in SCLCs harboring PIK3CA mutation versus PTEN loss. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that PF-4989216 is a potential cancer drug candidate for patients with SCLC with PIK3CA mutation but not PTEN loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlena Walls
- Authors' Affiliations: Oncology Research Unit; Medicinal Chemistry; Computational Biology; Pharmacokinetics, Dynamics, and Metabolism; and Drug Safety, Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development, San Diego, California
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31
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Manapov F, Klöcking S, Niyazi M, Oskan F, Niemöller OM, Belka C, Hildebrandt G, Fietkau R, Klautke G. Timing of Failure in Limited Disease (Stage I-III) Small-Cell Lung Cancer Patients Treated with Chemoradiotherapy: A Retrospective Analysis. TUMORI JOURNAL 2013; 99:656-60. [DOI: 10.1177/030089161309900603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aims and background Follow-up in limited disease (stage I-III) small cell lung cancer could be further optimized by assessment of the temporal and locational distribution of treatment failure after completion of chemoradiotherapy. Methods and study design Follow-up was retrospectively analyzed in 125 limited disease (stage I-III) small cell lung cancer patients with initial performance status WHO <3 who had successfully completed chemoradiotherapy. Thoracic irradiation was applied in the concurrent or sequential mode. Time from initial pathological diagnosis and treatment end to local, distant and brain recurrence was documented. Results One- and two-year progression-free survival rates were 50% and 27.2% in patients treated with concurrent and 45.2% and 14.2% in those treated with sequential chemoradiotherapy, respectively. Local relapse was documented in 14% patients treated with concurrent and 16% with sequential chemoradiotherapy. The distant failure rate was 43% in both subgroups. Up to the end of the follow-up period, more patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy had developed brain metastases than those treated sequentially (37% vs 20%, P = 0.049). Median time (in days) to local relapse was 376 and 401 from the initial diagnosis, 200 and 309 from the end of chemotherapy, and 316 and 196 from the end of thoracic irradiation; to distant failure was 275 and 298 from the initial diagnosis, 151 and 157 from the end of chemotherapy and 180 and 84 from the end of thoracic irradiation; to brain relapse was 330 and 273 from the initial diagnosis, 123 and 151 from the end of chemotherapy and 213 and 73 from the end of thoracic irradiation in patients treated with concurrent and sequential chemoradiotherapy, respectively. There was no significant difference in the temporal distribution of treatment failure in either subgroup. Conclusions In more than half of the patients who developed a distant recurrence, including brain metastases, treatment failure occurred in the first year after the initial diagnosis. Intensified follow-up can be recommended at least in the first year, because no sufficient eradication of the systemic small cell lung cancer with the applied chemoradiotherapy protocol could be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farkhad Manapov
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock
| | - Sabine Klöcking
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock
| | - Maximilian Niyazi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich
| | - Feras Oskan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich
| | - Olivier M Niemöller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich
| | - Claus Belka
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, Munich
| | | | - Rainer Fietkau
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen
| | - Gunther Klautke
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Rostock, Rostock
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Klinikum am Bruderwald, Bamberg, Germany
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Zarogoulidis K, Boutsikou E, Zarogoulidis P, Darwiche K, Freitag L, Porpodis K, Latsios D, Kontakiotis T, Huang H, Li Q, Hohenforst-Schmidt W, Kipourou M, Turner JF, Spyratos D. The role of second-line chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer: a retrospective analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:1493-500. [PMID: 24174880 PMCID: PMC3808208 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s52330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To evaluate the benefit of second-line chemotherapy with platinum-based treatment in patients with recurrent small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Patients and methods A total of 535 patients continued with follow-up or best supportive care if needed, and 229 patients who progressed after the completion of first-line chemotherapy were treated with second-line chemotherapy at the time of progression. In total, 103/229 patients received paclitaxel 190 mg/m2 and carboplatin 5.5 area under the curve while 126/229 patients received etoposide 200 mg/m2 and carboplatin 5.5 area under the curve every 28 days. Results Patients administered second-line chemotherapy lived significantly longer, with a median survival of 422 days compared to 228 days in patients with best supportive care alone (P<0.001). Patients who received paclitaxel as second-line chemotherapy lived for an average of 462 days (95% confidence interval: 409–514), versus 405 days in the etoposide group (95% confidence interval: 371–438), which was not statistically significant (P=0.086). The overall response rate was 8% for the paclitaxel group and 6% for the etoposide group. Patients with progression of the disease in more than 3 months had significantly better survival compared with those that progressed in less than 3 months (P<0.001). Conclusion Continuation with carboplatin/paclitaxel or carboplatin/etoposide as second-line chemotherapy has no significant survival impact, and it did not improve response rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Zarogoulidis
- Pulmonary Department, "G Papanikolaou" General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Lavergne M, Jourdan ML, Blechet C, Guyetant S, Pape AL, Heuze-Vourc'h N, Courty Y, Lerondel S, Sobilo J, Iochmann S, Reverdiau P. Beneficial role of overexpression of TFPI-2 on tumour progression in human small cell lung cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2013; 3:291-301. [PMID: 23905012 PMCID: PMC3722576 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2013.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) is a potent inhibitor of plasmin, a protease which is involved in tumour progression by activating (MMPs). This therefore makes TFPI-2 a potential inhibitor of invasiveness and the development of metastases. In this study, low levels of TFPI-2 expression were found in 65% of patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC), the most aggressive type of lung cancer. To study the impact of TFPI-2 in tumour progression, TFPI-2 was overexpressed in NCI-H209 SCLC cells which were orthotopically implanted in nude mice. Investigations showed that TFPI-2 inhibited lung tumour growth. Such inhibition could be explained in vitro by a decrease in tumour cell viability, blockade of G1/S phase cell cycle transition and an increase in apoptosis shown in NCI-H209 cells expressing TFPI-2. We also demonstrated that TFPI-2 upregulation in NCI-H209 cells decreased MMP expression, particularly by downregulating MMP-1 and MMP-3. Moreover, TFPI-2 inhibited phosphorylation of the MAPK signalling pathway proteins involved in the induction of MMP transcripts, among which MMP-1 was predominant in SCLC tissues and was inversely expressed with TFPI-2 in 35% of cases. These results suggest that downregulation of TFPI-2 expression could favour the development of SCLC. The Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor-2 inhibits small cell lung cancer growth Monitoring of small cell lung cancer growth in a mouse orthotopic model by imaging Increasing information on the role of TFPI-2 in human lung tumour cells Increasing information on TFPI-2 and protease expression in human tissue samples
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Lavergne
- EA 6305, Université François Rabelais de Tours, Tours F-37032, France ; Centre d'Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, UMR 1100/EA6305, Tours F-37032, France
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Abstract
Prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) plays a role in the management of lung cancer patients, especially small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. As multimodality treatments are now able to ensure better local control and a lower rate of extracranial metastases, brain relapse has become a major concern in lung cancer. As survival is poor after development of brain metastases (BM) in spite of specific treatment, PCI has been introduced in the 1970's. PCI has been evaluated in randomized trials in both SCLC and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to reduce the incidence of BM and possibly increase survival. PCI reduces significantly the BM rate in both limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) SCLC and in non-metastatic NSCLC. Considering SCLC, PCI significantly improves overall survival in LD (from 15 to 20% at 3 years) and ED (from 13 to 27% at 1 year) in patients who respond to first-line treatment; it should thus be part of the standard treatment in all responders in ED and in good responders in LD. No dose-effect relationship for PCI was demonstrated in LD SCLC patients so that the recommended dose is 25 Gy in 10 fractions. In NSCLC, even if the risk of brain dissemination is lower than in SCLC, it has become a challenging issue. Studies have identified subgroups at higher risk of brain failure. There are more local treatment possibilities for BM related to NSCLC, but most BM will eventually recur so that PCI should be reconsidered. Few randomized trials have been performed. Most of them could demonstrate a decreased incidence of BM in patients with PCI, but they were not able to show an effect on survival as they were underpowered. New trials are needed. Among long-term survivors, neuro-cognitive toxicity may be observed. Several approaches are being evaluated to reduce this possible toxicity. PCI has no place for other solid tumours at risk such as HER2+ breast cancer patients.
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A genome-wide association study of survival in small-cell lung cancer patients treated with irinotecan plus cisplatin chemotherapy. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2013; 14:20-7. [PMID: 23478653 DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2013.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2012] [Revised: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) influencing overall survival (OS) of small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients. We prospectively collected blood samples from 139 SCLC patients who participated in phase II studies of irinotecan and cisplatin (IP) chemotherapy as first-line therapy. Among 334 127 SNPs, which passed quality control, seven showed significant association with OS. The rs16950650CT, rs7186128AG or GG, rs17574269AG, rs8020368CC, rs4655567CC, rs2166219TT or rs2018683TT showed shorter OS compared with control alleles. Among the seven SNPs, rs4655567, rs8020368 and rs2018683 were significantly associated with a resistant relapse (RR). In the multivariate analysis, rs8020368CC was significantly associated with higher risk of RR (odds ratio=16.7, P=0.007). In vitro and in silico analysis showed that SNPs in C14orf49 might be associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. This exploratory GWAS identified candidate SNPs that may be predictive of the clinical outcome of SCLC patients receiving IP.
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Spigel DR, Waterhouse DM, Lane S, Legenne P, Bhatt K. Efficacy and safety of oral topotecan and bevacizumab combination as second-line treatment for relapsed small-cell lung cancer: an open-label multicenter single-arm phase II study. Clin Lung Cancer 2013; 14:356-63. [PMID: 23391616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cllc.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Revised: 11/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topotecan is currently the only US Federal Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug for second-line treatment of relapsed small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). We investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel topotecan-bevacizumab combination in treating relapsed SCLC. PATIENTS AND METHODS Each 21-day treatment cycle consisted of bevacizumab (15 mg/kg) administration on day 1 and oral topotecan (2.3 mg/m(2)/d) administration on days 1 to 5. Treatment was continued for 8 cycles or until disease progression/toxicity. The primary objective was evaluation of 3-month progression-free survival (PFS). Overall response rate (ORR), duration of response, time to response (TTR), and overall survival (OS) were secondary objectives. RESULTS The study enrolled 50 patients between July 2008 and May 2010. The 3-month PFS was 65% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.3%-76.9%), which was promising compared with the historical control of 50% (P = .017) but did not meet the predefined criteria for clinically meaningful improvement. Median PFS was 6.24 months for the sensitive subgroup (progression time from end of previous chemotherapy > 90 days; n = 27) and 2.91 months for the resistant subgroup (progression time ≤ 90 days; n = 23). No patient achieved complete response (CR), and the ORR was 16%. Twenty (40%) patients had stable disease (SD) and 13 (26%) had progressive disease (PD). Median OS, TTR, and duration of response were 7.4, 1.3, and 4.7 months, respectively. The worst reported adverse events (AEs) were grade 1/2 in 11 (22%) patients and grade 3/4/5 in 39 (78%) patients. CONCLUSION Improvement in the 3-month PFS after treatment with topotecan-bevacizumab was promising compared with the historical control and justifies additional studies with this regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Spigel
- Sarah Cannon Research Institute, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.
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HO YUHSHAN, NAKAZAWA KENSUKE, SATO SHINYA, TAMURA TOMOHIRO, KURISHIMA KOICHI, SATOH HIROAKI. Cisplatin for small cell lung cancer: Associated publications in Science Citation Index Expanded. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:684-688. [PMID: 23420619 PMCID: PMC3573148 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to explore a bibliometric approach to quantitatively assess current research trends in cisplatin-containing chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer (SCLC), using related literature in the Science Citation Index Expanded database from 1992 to 2011. Articles were analyzed by the scientific output and research performances of countries and institutions. The distribution of key words in the article title and author-selected keywords were used to evaluate research trends. It was observed that the number of articles devoted to cisplatin-containing chemotherapy for SCLC did not increase with time. The USA and Japan were the top two countries with the highest number of articles devoted to cisplatin-containing chemotherapy for SCLC. In both countries, the number of articles did not increase with time, and a decreasing trend was identified in the USA over the last 10 years. This study demonstrates trends in cisplatin-containing chemotherapy for SCLC. The clinical application of novel drugs is required for successful SCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- YUH-SHAN HO
- Trend Research Centre, Asia University, Taichung 41354,
Taiwan
| | - KENSUKE NAKAZAWA
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575,
Japan
| | - SHINYA SATO
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575,
Japan
| | - TOMOHIRO TAMURA
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575,
Japan
| | - KOICHI KURISHIMA
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575,
Japan
| | - HIROAKI SATOH
- Division of Respiratory Medicine, Mito Medical Center, University of Tsukuba, Mito, Ibaraki 310-0015,
Japan
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Moretto P, Wood L, Emmenegger U, Blais N, Mukherjee SD, Winquist E, Belanger EC, MacRae R, Balogh A, Cagiannos I, Kassouf W, Black P, Czaykowski P, Gingerich J, North S, Ernst S, Richter S, Sridhar S, Reaume MN, Soulieres D, Eisen A, Canil CM. Management of small cell carcinoma of the bladder: Consensus guidelines from the Canadian Association of Genitourinary Medical Oncologists (CAGMO). Can Urol Assoc J 2013; 7:E44-56. [PMID: 23671508 PMCID: PMC3650822 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Moretto
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Lori Wood
- Division of Medical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, NS
| | - Urban Emmenegger
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Normand Blais
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | | | - Eric Winquist
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON
| | - Eric Charles Belanger
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomical Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Robert MacRae
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Anatomical Pathology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Alexander Balogh
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, Calgary, AB
| | - Ilias Cagiannos
- Division of Urology, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Wassim Kassouf
- Division of Urology, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC
| | - Peter Black
- British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC
| | - Piotr Czaykowski
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB
| | - Joel Gingerich
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba Winnipeg, MB
| | - Scott North
- Cross Cancer Institute, Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB
| | - Scott Ernst
- Division of Medical Oncology, London Health Sciences Centre, London, ON
| | - Suzanne Richter
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - Srikala Sridhar
- Princess Margaret Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON
| | - M. Neil Reaume
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Denis Soulieres
- Hematology and Medical Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC
| | - Andrea Eisen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON
| | - Christina M. Canil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, The Ottawa Hospital Cancer Centre, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
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Traitements systémiques des métastases cérébrales (MC) des cancers bronchiques à petites cellules (CPC). Bull Cancer 2013; 100:89-93. [DOI: 10.1684/bdc.2012.1687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Torsetnes SB, Nordlund MS, Paus E, Halvorsen TG, Reubsaet L. Digging deeper into the field of the small cell lung cancer tumor marker ProGRP: a method for differentiation of its isoforms. J Proteome Res 2012. [PMID: 23190087 DOI: 10.1021/pr300751j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have used a newly developed immunocapture and LC-MS method to demonstrate for the first time the presence of protein isoforms 1 and 3 of the small cell lung cancer (SCLC) marker progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) in sera. In addition, the method allows for indirect determination of the relative presence of the other known isoform of ProGRP, also known as ProGRP isoform 2. This new method is able to determine total ProGRP as a marker in sera at clinically relevant levels and to differentiate between isoforms at the low-pM level through combining selective sample preparation by immunoextraction, tryptic digestion, and separation followed by detection with LC-SRM-MS of the signature peptides, NLLGLIEAK (total ProGRP), LSAPGSQR (ProGRP isoform 1), and DLVDSLLQVLNVK (ProGRP isoform 3), with accuracies ≤ 25% for lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) and precisions ≤ 33%. By analyzing serum samples from four patients diagnosed with SCLC using the here described new and fully validated method, the ability is shown to both determine total ProGRP concentration and to differentiate between ProGRP isoforms 1 and 3 in one single run. Quantification of various ProGRP isoforms in one single run may be helpful for further understanding of the underlying biochemical processes in SCLC and differentiation of small cell lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Bøen Torsetnes
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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MALDI-MS-Based Profiling of Serum Proteome: Detection of Changes Related to Progression of Cancer and Response to Anticancer Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PROTEOMICS 2012; 2012:926427. [PMID: 22900176 PMCID: PMC3413974 DOI: 10.1155/2012/926427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 06/12/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based analyses of the low-molecular-weight fraction of serum proteome allow identifying proteome profiles (signatures) that are potentially useful in detection and classification of cancer. Several published studies have shown that multipeptide signatures selected in numerical tests have potential values for diagnostics of different types of cancer. However due to apparent problems with standardization of methodological details, both experimental and computational, none of the proposed peptide signatures analyzed directly by MALDI/SELDI-ToF spectrometry has been approved for routine diagnostics. Noteworthy, several components of proposed cancer signatures, especially those characteristic for advanced cancer, were identified as fragments of blood proteins involved in the acute phase and inflammatory response. This indicated that among cancer biomarker candidates to be possibly identified by serum proteome profiling were rather those reflecting overall influence of a disease (and the therapy) upon the human organism, than products of cancer-specific genes. Current paper focuses on changes in serum proteome that are related to response of patient's organism to progressing malignancy and toxicity of anticancer treatment. In addition, several methodological issues that affect robustness and interlaboratory reproducibility of MS-based serum proteome profiling are discussed.
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Roth C, Stückrath I, Pantel K, Izbicki JR, Tachezy M, Schwarzenbach H. Low levels of cell-free circulating miR-361-3p and miR-625* as blood-based markers for discriminating malignant from benign lung tumors. PLoS One 2012; 7:e38248. [PMID: 22675530 PMCID: PMC3366929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0038248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The high mortality rate of lung cancer patients is mainly due to the late stage at which lung cancer is diagnosed. For effective cancer prevention programs and early diagnosis, better blood-based markers are needed. Hence, blood-based microarray profiling of microRNA (miR) expression was performed in preoperative serum of 21 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 11 healthy individuals by microfluid biochips containing 1158 different miRs. Two out of the 30 most dysregulated miRs were further validated in serum of 97 NSCLC patients, 20 patients with benign lung diseases and 30 healthy individuals by TaqMan MicroRNA Assays. Microarray profiling showed that miR-361-3p and miR-625* were significantly down-regulated in serum of lung cancer patients. Their further evaluation by quantitative RT-PCR showed that the levels of miR-361-3p and miR-625* were lower in NSCLC than in benign disease (p = 0.0001) and healthy individuals (p = 0.0001, p = 0.0005, respectively). Moreover, the levels of miR-625* were significantly lower in patients with large cell lung cancer (LCLC, p = 0.014) and smoking patients (p = 0.030) than in patients with adenocarcinoma and non-smoking patients, respectively. A rise in the levels of both miRs was observed in the postoperative samples compared with the preoperative levels (p = 0.0001). Functional analyses showed that Smad2 and TGFß1 are not dysregulated by miR-361-3p and miR-625* in the lung cell line A549, respectively. Our present pilot study suggests that miR-361-3p and miR-625* might have a protective influence on the development of NSCLC, and the quantitative assessment of these miRs in blood serum might have diagnostic potential to detect NSCLC, in particular in smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Roth
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Stückrath
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob R. Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Tachezy
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heidi Schwarzenbach
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Schwartsmann G. Lung cancer in Brazil. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2012:426-31. [PMID: 24451775 DOI: 10.14694/edbook_am.2012.32.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is now the second leading cause of death in Brazil (after cardiovascular diseases) and a public health problem, with around 500,000 new cases in 2012. Excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer, lung cancer is the second most incident cancer type in men, with 17,210 expected new cases. In women, it is the fifth most incident cancer, with 10,110 expected new cases. The estimated age-adjusted lung cancer mortality rate is about 13/100,000 for men and 5.4/100,000 for women. Lung cancer rates in men increased until the early 1990s and decreased thereafter, especially in the younger population. In contrast, a steady upward trend was observed for women. The positive effects in men were probably due to the successful anti-tobacco campaign conducted in Brazil over the last decades, which led to a decrease in the adult smoking population, from 32% in the early 1980s to 17% in the 2000s. Although the Brazilian National Cancer Institute is strongly committed to providing excellence in multimodality care to cancer patients, limitations in availability and adequate geographic distribution of specialists and well-equipped cancer centers are evident. Major disparities in patient access to proper staging and state-of-the-art treatment still exist. Considering that World Health Organization (WHO) officials estimate that cancer will become the number one cause of death in most developing countries, including Brazil, in the next decades, it is highly recommended for government authorities to implement firm actions to face this tremendous challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilberto Schwartsmann
- From the Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; and South-American Office for Anticancer Drug Development, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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