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Computer-Aided Drug Design Approaches to Study Key Therapeutic Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7404-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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2
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Chandra Kumar K, Balasaraswathy S, Rajesh BM, Chandra. 2-Amino- N-(furan-2-ylmethyl)-5,6-dihydro-4 H-cyclopenta[ b]thiophene-3-carboxamide. IUCRDATA 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s2414314617012111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the title compound, C13H14N2O2S, the dihedral angle between the furan and cyclopentathiophene groups is 89.88 (14)°. The carboximidamide unit is in an anticlinal conformation with respect to the cycloheptathiophene moiety and an intramolecular N—H...O hydrogen bond closes anS(6) ring. In the crystal, N—H...O hydogen bonds link the molecules into [010]C(6) chains and a very weak C—H...O interaction is also observed.
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3
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Al-Omary FA, Hassan GS, El-Messery SM, Nagi MN, Habib ESE, El-Subbagh HI. Nonclassical antifolates, part 3: Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular modeling study of some new 2-heteroarylthio-quinazolin-4-ones. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 63:33-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2012] [Revised: 12/24/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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4
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Fun HK, Hemamalini M, Rai S, Isloor AM, Shetty P. 2-(Biphenyl-4-yl)-5-[3-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2- c]pyridine-5-ylsulfonyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o2781-2. [PMID: 22058820 PMCID: PMC3201303 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811038621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the title molecule, C25H19N3O3S3, the tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation. The dihedral angle between the least-squares plane through the tetrahydropyridine ring and two thiophene and two benzene rings are 6.25 (9), 89.49 (9), 76.43 (9) and 84.93 (8)°, respectively, while the dihedral angle between the 1,3,4-oxadiazole and tetrahydropyridine rings is 81.14 (9)°. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are connected via weak C—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming a chain along the b axis.
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Fun HK, Hemamalini M, Rai S, Isloor AM, Shetty P. 2-(5-Bromopyridin-3-yl)-5-[3-(4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2- c]pyridine-5-ylsulfonyl)thiophen-2-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o2743-4. [PMID: 22058804 PMCID: PMC3201536 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811038529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C18H13BrN4O3S3, the tetrahydropyridine ring adopts a half-chair conformation with the central methylene-C atom of the NCH2CH2 unit at the flap. The dihedral angles between the tetrahydropyridine ring and the pyridine and two thiophene rings are 69.34 (13) 5.66 (13) and 68.63 (13)°, respectively, while the dihedral angle between the 1,3,4-oxadiazole and tetrahydropyridine rings is 54.76 (13)°. The molecule is stabilized by an intramolecular C—H⋯N interaction. In the crystal, adjacent molecules are connected via bifurcated C—H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bonds, forming a chain along the b axis.
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Brudeli B, Moltzau LR, Andressen KW, Krobert KA, Klaveness J, Levy FO. Synthesis and pharmacological properties of novel hydrophilic 5-HT4 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:8600-13. [PMID: 21075638 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2009] [Revised: 09/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is an important signalling molecule in the human body. The 5-HT(4) serotonin receptor, coupled to the G protein G(s), plays important physiological and pathophysiological roles in the heart, urinary bladder, gastrointestinal tract and the adrenal gland. Both 5-HT(4) antagonists and agonists have been developed in the aim to treat diseases in these organs. 5-HT(4) agonists might have beneficial effects in the central nervous system (CNS) and therefore, 5-HT(4) antagonists might cause CNS side effects. In this study, we have developed new amphoteric 5-HT(4) antagonists. A series of cyclic indole amide derivatives possessing an oxazine ring and a piperidine alkane carboxylic acid side chain and the corresponding prodrug esters were synthesized and their binding to 5-HT(4) receptors and antagonist properties were evaluated. In addition, an indole ester without the oxazine ring and the corresponding indole amide derivatives were also tested. Octanol-water distribution (LogD(Oct7.4)) was tested for some of the synthesized ligands. The main structure-affinity characteristics of the 5-HT(4) compounds tested were that the prodrug esters show higher affinity than their corresponding free acids, indole esters show higher affinity than the corresponding amides and ligands containing the oxazine ring in the indole skeleton show higher affinity than indole derivatives not containing the ring. One representative prodrug ester and its corresponding free acid were tested for binding on a panel of receptors and showed preserved selectivity for the 5-HT(4) receptor. These new molecules may be useful to target peripheral 5-HT(4) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjarne Brudeli
- Drug Discovery Laboratory AS, Oslo Research Park, Oslo, Norway
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El-Kerdawy MM, El-Bendary ER, Abdel-Aziz AAM, El-wasseef DR, El-Aziz NIA. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of novel fused thiophene derivatives as 5-HT2A receptor antagonists: Molecular modeling study. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:1805-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2008] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Non-classical antifolates. Part 2: Synthesis, biological evaluation, and molecular modeling study of some new 2,6-substituted-quinazolin-4-ones. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:2849-63. [PMID: 20350811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2010] [Revised: 03/06/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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9
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Fatakia SN, Costanzi S, Chow CC. Computing highly correlated positions using mutual information and graph theory for G protein-coupled receptors. PLoS One 2009; 4:e4681. [PMID: 19262747 PMCID: PMC2650788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0004681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2008] [Accepted: 01/07/2009] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a superfamily of seven transmembrane-spanning proteins involved in a wide array of physiological functions and are the most common targets of pharmaceuticals. This study aims to identify a cohort or clique of positions that share high mutual information. Using a multiple sequence alignment of the transmembrane (TM) domains, we calculated the mutual information between all inter-TM pairs of aligned positions and ranked the pairs by mutual information. A mutual information graph was constructed with vertices that corresponded to TM positions and edges between vertices were drawn if the mutual information exceeded a threshold of statistical significance. Positions with high degree (i.e. had significant mutual information with a large number of other positions) were found to line a well defined inter-TM ligand binding cavity for class A as well as class C GPCRs. Although the natural ligands of class C receptors bind to their extracellular N-terminal domains, the possibility of modulating their activity through ligands that bind to their helical bundle has been reported. Such positions were not found for class B GPCRs, in agreement with the observation that there are not known ligands that bind within their TM helical bundle. All identified key positions formed a clique within the MI graph of interest. For a subset of class A receptors we also considered the alignment of a portion of the second extracellular loop, and found that the two positions adjacent to the conserved Cys that bridges the loop with the TM3 qualified as key positions. Our algorithm may be useful for localizing topologically conserved regions in other protein families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarosh N. Fatakia
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Stefano Costanzi
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carson C. Chow
- Laboratory of Biological Modeling, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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López-Vallejo F, Medina-Franco JL, Hernández-Campos A, Rodríguez-Morales S, Yépez L, Cedillo R, Castillo R. Molecular modeling of some 1H-benzimidazole derivatives with biological activity against Entamoeba histolytica: a comparative molecular field analysis study. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 15:1117-26. [PMID: 17074492 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2006] [Revised: 09/23/2006] [Accepted: 10/11/2006] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) was performed on a set of 1H-benzimidazole derivatives. Molecular modeling and 3D-QSAR were employed to determine the tautomeric form that would probably fit a target receptor in Entamoeba histolytica. CoMFA results suggest that the antiamoebic activity is favored with steric bulk at position 5 of the benzimidazole ring and low electron density on the group at position 2. To the best of our knowledge this is the first 3D-QSAR study performed for benzimidazoles as antiamoebic agents. The CoMFA models derived will be very valuable to design new and more potent compounds against E. histolytica.
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Claeysen S, Joubert L, Sebben M, Bockaert J, Dumuis A. A single mutation in the 5-HT4 receptor (5-HT4-R D100(3.32)A) generates a Gs-coupled receptor activated exclusively by synthetic ligands (RASSL). J Biol Chem 2003; 278:699-702. [PMID: 12441358 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c200588200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
To better understand G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCRs) signaling, cellular and animal physiology, as well as gene therapy, a new tool has recently been proposed. It consists of GPCR mutants that are insensitive to endogenous ligands but sensitive to synthetic ligands. These GPCRs are called receptor activated solely by synthetic ligands (RASSL). Only two examples of such engineered receptors have been described so far: one G(i)-coupled (opioid receptors) and one G(s)-coupled (beta(2)-adrenergic receptors). Here, we describe the first RASSL related to serotonin receptors (D100(3.32)A G(s)-coupled 5-HT(4) receptor or 5-HT(4)-RASSL). 5-HT(4)-RASSL is generated by a single mutation, is totally insensitive to serotonin (5-HT), and still responds to synthetic ligands. These ligands have affinities in the range of nanomolar concentrations for the mutant receptor and exhibit full efficacy. More interestingly, two synthetic ligands behave as antagonists on the wild type but as agonists on the 5-HT(4)-RASSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Claeysen
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 9023, 141 rue de la Cardonille, 34094 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France
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Filipek S, Teller DC, Palczewski K, Stenkamp R. The crystallographic model of rhodopsin and its use in studies of other G protein-coupled receptors. ANNUAL REVIEW OF BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 2003; 32:375-97. [PMID: 12574068 PMCID: PMC1351250 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biophys.32.110601.142520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that respond to environmental signals and initiate signal transduction pathways activating cellular processes. Rhodopsin is a GPCR found in rod cells in retina where it functions as a photopigment. Its molecular structure is known from cryo-electron microscopic and X-ray crystallographic studies, and this has reshaped many structure/function questions important in vision science. In addition, this first GPCR structure has provided a structural template for studies of other GPCRs, including many known drug targets. After presenting an overview of the major structural elements of rhodopsin, recent literature covering the use of the rhodopsin structure in analyzing other GPCRs will be summarized. Use of the rhodopsin structural model to understand the structure and function of other GPCRs provides strong evidence validating the structural model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Slawomir Filipek
- Departments of Biological Structure
- Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; ;;
- International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology and
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - David C. Teller
- Biochemistry
- Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; ;;
| | | | - Ronald Stenkamp
- Departments of Biological Structure
- Biomolecular Structure Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195; ;;
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López-Rodríguez ML, Murcia M, Benhamú B, Viso A, Campillo M, Pardo L. Benzimidazole derivatives. 3. 3D-QSAR/CoMFA model and computational simulation for the recognition of 5-HT(4) receptor antagonists. J Med Chem 2002; 45:4806-15. [PMID: 12383006 DOI: 10.1021/jm020807x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A three-dimensional quantitative structure-affinity relationship study (3D-QSAR), using the comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) method, and subsequent computational simulation of ligand recognition have been successfully applied to explain the binding affinities for the 5-HT(4) receptor (5-HT(4)R) of a series of benzimidazole-4-carboxamides and carboxylates derivatives 1-24. The K(i) values of these compounds are in the range from 0.11 to 10 000 nM. The derived 3D-QSAR model shows high predictive ability (q(2) = 0.789 and r(2) = 0.997). Steric (contribution of 43.5%) and electrostatic (50.3%) fields and solvation energy (6.1%) of this novel class of 5-HT(4)R antagonists are relevant descriptors for structure-activity relationships. Computational simulation of the complexes between the benzimidazole-4-carboxamide UCM-21195 (5) and the carboxylate UCM-26995 (21) and a 3D model of the transmembrane domain of the 5-HT(4)R, constructed using the reported crystal structure of rhodopsin, have allowed us to define the molecular details of the ligand-receptor interaction that includes (i) the ionic interaction between the NH group of the protonated piperidine of the ligand and the carboxylate group of Asp(3.32), (ii) the hydrogen bond between the carbonyl oxygen of the ligand and the hydroxyl group of Ser(5.43), (iii) the hydrogen bond between the NH group of Asn(6.55) and the aromatic ring of carboxamides or the ether oxygen of carboxylates, (iv) the interaction of the electron-rich clouds of the aromatic ring of Phe(6.51) and the electron-poor hydrogens of the carbon atoms adjacent to the protonated piperidine nitrogen of the ligand, and (v) the pi-sigma stacking interaction between the benzimidazole system of the ligand and the benzene ring of Tyr(5.38). Moreover, the noticeable increase in potency at the 5-HT(4)R sites, by the introduction of a chloro or bromo atom at the 6-position of the aromatic ring, is attributed to the additional electrostatic and van der Waals interaction of the halogen atom in a small cavity located between transmembrane domains 5 and 6.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L López-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
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