1
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Pandit YB, Liu RS. Dynamic Kinetic Resolution in Gold-Catalyzed (4 + 2)-Annulations between Alkynyl Benzaldehydes and Allenamides to Yield Enantioenriched All-Carbon Diarylalkylmethane Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 24:548-553. [PMID: 34967633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This work reports the synthesis of diarylmethane derivatives via gold-catalyzed (4 + 2)-annulations between alkynyl benzaldehydes and allenamides, followed by an aza-Claisen rearrangement. Deuterium labeling and crossover experiments have been performed to confirm this proposed mechanism. With racemic 3-substituted allenamides in a substrate ratio (1:1), we employ chiral gold catalysts to achieve a dynamic kinetic resolution to obtain enantioenriched diarylalkylmethane derivatives with high e.r. levels (up to 93:7).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashwant Bhaskar Pandit
- Frontier Research Center of Matter Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan, ROC
| | - Rai-Shung Liu
- Frontier Research Center of Matter Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013 Taiwan, ROC
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2
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Lu X, Huang Y. Stereospecific cyanation of the olefinic C–H bond enabled by 1,4-rhodium migration. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Rhodium-catalyzed stereospecific cyanation of the olefinic C–H bond for the synthesis of β,β-disubstituted acrylonitriles has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaosa Lu
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
| | - Yinhua Huang
- College of Materials
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 311121
- China
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3
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Dong Y, Chen J, Cui Y, Bao L, Xu H. Cp*RhIII-Catalyzed Sulfonamide-Directed Ortho Arene C–H Carbenoid Functionalization with Pyridotriazoles. Org Lett 2019; 22:772-775. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiajing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yunjian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liangliang Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Heng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Active Substances Discovery and Druggability Evaluation, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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4
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Li SS, Fu S, Wang L, Xu L, Xiao J. t-BuOK-Mediated Oxidative Dehydrogenative C(sp 3)-H Arylation of 2-Alkylazaarenes with Nitroarenes. J Org Chem 2017; 82:8703-8709. [PMID: 28737943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The first transition-metal free and regioselective C(sp3)-H arylation of 2-alkylazaarenes with nitroarenes has been achieved via t-BuOK-mediated dehydrogenative C(sp3)-C(sp2) coupling. This reaction provides an efficient access to the biologically important and synthetically useful 2-benzyl-substituted azaarenes under mild conditions without the need of prefunctionalization of 2-alkylazaarenes or using the specialized arylating agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai-Shuai Li
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Shiheng Fu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Liang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Lubin Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Jian Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University , Qingdao 266109, China
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5
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Jadhav AS, Anand RV. 1,6-Conjugate addition of zinc alkyls to para-quinone methides in a continuous-flow microreactor. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:56-60. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob02277d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
An efficient protocol has been developed for the 1,6-conjugate addition of zinc alkyls to p-quinone methides under continuous-flow using a microreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet S. Jadhav
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
| | - Ramasamy Vijaya Anand
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali
- Manauli (PO)
- India
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6
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Mocking TAM, Bosma R, Rahman SN, Verweij EWE, McNaught-Flores DA, Vischer HF, Leurs R. Molecular Aspects of Histamine Receptors. HISTAMINE RECEPTORS 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-40308-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Manthena Chaitanya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - Pazhamalai Anbarasan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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8
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Vila N, Besada P, Costas T, Costas-Lago MC, Terán C. Phthalazin-1(2H)-one as a remarkable scaffold in drug discovery. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 97:462-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Revised: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Ameen D, Snape TJ. Chiral 1,1-diaryl compounds as important pharmacophores. MEDCHEMCOMM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3md00088e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Abstract
An increasing number of lead generation approaches are being applied to multi-target drug discovery (MTDD). Historically, focussed screening and a knowledge-based approach called framework combination have been most widely used – with varying degrees of success. More recently, alternative screening approaches such as HTS, fragment-based screening and in silico screening are being used alongside the traditional approaches in order to discover novel hits with attractive physicochemical and oral pharmacokinetic properties. Factors influencing the feasibility of discovering DMLs for particular combinations are discussed in this chapter. The role of natural products and the discovery of probes for chemical biology are also highlighted.
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11
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Kuhne S, Wijtmans M, Lim HD, Leurs R, de Esch IJP. Several down, a few to go: histamine H3 receptor ligands making the final push towards the market? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2011; 20:1629-48. [PMID: 21992603 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2011.625010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) plays a pivotal role in a plethora of therapeutic areas. Blocking the H(3)R with antagonists/inverse agonists has been postulated to be of broad therapeutic use. Indeed, H(3)R antagonists/inverse agonists have been extensively evaluated in the clinic. AREAS COVERED Here, we address new developments, insights obtained and challenges encountered in the clinical evaluations. For recent H(3)R clinical candidates, the status and results of the corresponding clinical trial(s) will be discussed along with preclinical data. MAIN FINDINGS In all, it becomes evident that clinical evaluation of H(3)R antagonists/inverse agonists is characterized by mixed results. On one hand, Pitolisant has successfully passed several Phase II trials and seems to be the most advanced compound in the clinic now, being in Phase III. On the other hand, some compounds (e.g., PF-03654647 and MK-0249) failed at Phase II clinical level for several indications. EXPERT OPINION A challenging feature in H(3)R research is the multifaceted role of the receptor at a molecular/biochemical level, which can complicate targeting by small molecules at several (pre)clinical levels. Accordingly, H(3)R antagonists/inverse agonists require further testing to pinpoint the determinants for clinical efficacy and to aid in the final push towards the market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiaan Kuhne
- VU University Amsterdam, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacochemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Design and evaluation of primaquine-artemisinin hybrids as a multistage antimalarial strategy. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:4698-706. [PMID: 21807973 DOI: 10.1128/aac.05133-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that the struggle against malaria depends on the development of new strategies to fight infection. The "magic bullet" thought to be necessary to reach eradication should not only provide treatment for all Plasmodium spp. that infect human red blood cells but should also eliminate the replicative and dormant liver forms of the parasite. Moreover, these goals should ideally be achieved by using different mechanisms of action so as to avoid the development of resistance. To that end, two hybrid molecules with covalently linked primaquine and artemisinin moieties were synthesized, and their effectiveness against the liver and blood stages of infection was compared in vitro and in vivo with those of the parent compounds. Both hybrids displayed enhanced in vitro activities, relative to those of the parent compounds, against Plasmodium berghei liver stages. Both compounds were about as potent as artemisinin against cultured Plasmodium falciparum (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)], ∼10 nM). When used to treat a murine P. berghei infection, one of the molecules displayed better efficacy than an equimolar mixture of the parent pharmacophores, leading to improved cure and survival rates. These results reveal a novel approach to the design and evaluation of antimalarials based on the covalent combination of molecules acting on different stages of the parasite life cycle.
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13
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Procopiou PA, Browning C, Buckley JM, Clark KL, Fechner L, Gore PM, Hancock AP, Hodgson ST, Holmes DS, Kranz M, Looker BE, Morriss KML, Parton DL, Russell LJ, Slack RJ, Sollis SL, Vile S, Watts CJ. The Discovery of Phthalazinone-Based Human H1 and H3 Single-Ligand Antagonists Suitable for Intranasal Administration for the Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis. J Med Chem 2011; 54:2183-95. [DOI: 10.1021/jm1013874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Browning
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Jennifer M. Buckley
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth L. Clark
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Lise Fechner
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Paul M. Gore
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Ashley P. Hancock
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Simon T. Hodgson
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Duncan S. Holmes
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Kranz
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Brian E. Looker
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Karen M. L. Morriss
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel L. Parton
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Linda J. Russell
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Slack
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Steven L. Sollis
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Sadie Vile
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
| | - Clarissa J. Watts
- Departments of Medicinal Chemistry, ‡Respiratory Biology, §Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, and ∥Cheminformatics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, United Kingdom
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14
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Berlin M, Boyce CW, de Lera Ruiz M. Histamine H3 Receptor as a Drug Discovery Target. J Med Chem 2010; 54:26-53. [DOI: 10.1021/jm100064d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Berlin
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Christopher W. Boyce
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Manuel de Lera Ruiz
- Chemical Research, Merck Research Laboratories, 2015 Galloping Hill Road, Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
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15
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Beaton G, Moree WJ. The expanding role of H1antihistamines: a patent survey of selective and dual activity compounds 2005 – 2010. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2010; 20:1197-218. [DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2010.510516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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16
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Janga SC, Tzakos A. Structure and organization of drug-target networks: insights from genomic approaches for drug discovery. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2009; 5:1536-48. [DOI: 10.1039/b908147j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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17
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Sander K, Kottke T, Stark H. Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists Go to Clinics. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31:2163-81. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.31.2163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Sander
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Tim Kottke
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
| | - Holger Stark
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Institut für Pharmazeutische Chemie
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Procopiou PA, Ancliff RA, Bamford MJ, Browning C, Connor H, Davies S, Fogden YC, Hodgson ST, Holmes DS, Looker BE, Morriss KML, Parr CA, Pickup EA, Sehmi SS, White GV, Watts CJ, Wilson DM, Woodrow MD. 4-Acyl-1-(4-aminoalkoxyphenyl)-2-ketopiperazines as a Novel Class of Non-Brain-Penetrant Histamine H3 Receptor Antagonists. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6706-17. [DOI: 10.1021/jm0708228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Panayiotis A. Procopiou
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Rachael A. Ancliff
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Mark J. Bamford
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Christopher Browning
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Helen Connor
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Susannah Davies
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Yvonne C. Fogden
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Simon T. Hodgson
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Duncan S. Holmes
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Brian E. Looker
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Karen M. L. Morriss
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Christopher A. Parr
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Elizabeth A. Pickup
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Sanjeet S. Sehmi
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Gemma V. White
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Clarissa J. Watts
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - David M. Wilson
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
| | - Michael D. Woodrow
- Departments of Chemistry, Pharmacology, Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, SG1 2NY, U.K., and GlaxoSmithKline New Frontiers Science Park South, Third Avenue, Harlow, Essex, CM19 5AW, U.K
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19
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Wijtmans M, Leurs R, de Esch I. Histamine H3 receptor ligands break ground in a remarkable plethora of therapeutic areas. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2007; 16:967-85. [PMID: 17594183 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.16.7.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The neurotransmitter histamine exerts its action through four distinct histamine receptors. The histamine H(1) and H(2) receptor are well established drug targets, whereas the histamine H(4) receptor is undergoing rigorous characterisation at present. The histamine H(3) receptor (H(3)R) is a G(i/o)-protein coupled receptor and is mostly expressed in the CNS. A remarkably large and different array of therapeutic areas, in which ligands for the H(3)R may prove useful, has been identified and a massive research undertaking is underway to substantiate the high expectations for H(3)R ligands. At present, several ligands for the H(3)R are being evaluated in clinical studies. In this review, the many potential therapeutic areas for H(3)R antagonists, inverse agonists and agonists is discussed. Promising medicinal chemistry and toxicological developments, as well as the advancement of several H(3)R ligands into the clinic, will be highlighted. This review also describes the problems that have been overcome and the questions that remain in developing H(3)R-related drugs. Considering the tremendous efforts by industry, it can be expected that the first H(3)R drugs will reach the market soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maikel Wijtmans
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Leiden/Amsterdam Center of Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, De Boelelaan 1083, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Black LA, Nersesian DL, Sharma P, Ku YY, Bennani YL, Marsh KC, Miller TR, Esbenshade TA, Hancock AA, Cowart M. 4-[6-(2-Aminoethyl)naphthalen-2-yl]benzonitriles are potent histamine H3 receptor antagonists with high CNS penetration. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:1443-6. [PMID: 17169555 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 11/16/2006] [Accepted: 11/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
4-[6-(2-Tertiaryaminoethyl)naphthalen-2-yl]benzonitriles are conformationally constrained histamine H3 receptor antagonists with high potency and selectivity. The analogs were designed around a naphthalene core, with the goal of enhancing lipophilicity and CNS penetration, as compared to a previously reported benzofuran series. The SAR of the tertiary amine moiety is similar to that reported for the benzofuran series, with analogs bearing a 2-methylpyrrolidine substituent possessing the greatest rat and human H3 receptor binding affinities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence A Black
- Neuroscience Research, GPRD, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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21
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Chapter 4 Recent Advances in Drug Discovery of Histamine H3 Antagonists. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY VOLUME 42 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(07)42004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Celanire S, Wijtmans M, Talaga P, Leurs R, de Esch IJP. Keynote review: histamine H3 receptor antagonists reach out for the clinic. Drug Discov Today 2006; 10:1613-27. [PMID: 16376822 DOI: 10.1016/s1359-6446(05)03625-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Antagonists of the histamine H(1) and H(2) receptors have been successful as blockbuster drugs for treating allergic conditions and gastric ulcers, respectively. As such, histamine receptors have made a significant contribution to establishing G-Protein-coupled receptors as the favored drug targets of the industry. In this light, it can easily be understood that the discovery of a third histamine receptor subtype (H(3)R) in 1983 was greeted with considerable excitement. However, characterization of the H(3)R turned out to be far from trivial. In the past five years, molecular biology approaches have given fresh impetus to the H(3)R research field. As a result, H(3)R ligands are where they were anticipated to be 20 years ago: at the center of attention and on the verge of an anticipated breakthrough as the next generation of histaminergic blockbuster drugs. Here, we assess the status of the H(3)R medicinal chemistry programs of the various players in the field, as far as can be deduced from patent applications and scientific literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Celanire
- Department of Chemical Research, Chemin du Foriest, B-1420 Braine-l'Alleud, Belgium
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23
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Letavic MA, Barbier AJ, Dvorak CA, Carruthers NI. Recent medicinal chemistry of the histamine H3 receptor. PROGRESS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2006; 44:181-206. [PMID: 16697898 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6468(05)44405-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Letavic
- Johnson and Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development LLC, San Diego, CA 92121, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Morphy
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Organon Laboratories, Newhouse, Lanarkshire, ML1 5SH, U.K.
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25
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Abstract
Mast cell has a long history of being recognized as an important mediator-secreting cell in allergic diseases, and has been discovered to be involved in IBD in last two decades. Histamine is a major mediator in allergic diseases, and has multiple effects that are mediated by specific surface receptors on target cells. Four types of histamine receptors have now been recognized pharmacologically and the first three are located in the gut. The ability of histamine receptor antagonists to inhibit mast cell degranulation suggests that they might be developed as a group of mast cell stabilizers. Recently, a series of experiments with dispersed colon mast cells suggested that there should be at least two pathways in man for mast cells to amplify their own activation-degranulation signals in an autocrine or paracrine manner. In a word, histamine is an important mediator in allergic diseases and IBD, its antagonists may be developed as a group of mast cell stabilizers to treat these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Xie
- Allergy and Inflammation Research Institute, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xin-Ling Road, Shantou 515031, Guangdong Province, China
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26
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Gfesser GA, Faghih R, Bennani YL, Curtis MP, Esbenshade TA, Hancock AA, Cowart MD. Structure–activity relationships of arylbenzofuran H3 receptor antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 15:2559-63. [PMID: 15863316 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2005.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2005] [Accepted: 03/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An SAR study of histamine H3 receptor antagonists based on substituted (R)-2-methyl-1-[2-(5-phenyl-benzofuran-2-yl)-ethyl]-pyrrolidines is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Gfesser
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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27
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Leurs R, Bakker RA, Timmerman H, de Esch IJP. The histamine H3 receptor: from gene cloning to H3 receptor drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2005; 4:107-20. [PMID: 15665857 DOI: 10.1038/nrd1631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Since the cloning of the histamine H(3) receptor cDNA in 1999 by Lovenberg and co-workers, this histamine receptor has gained the interest of many pharmaceutical companies as a potential drug target for the treatment of various important disorders, including obesity, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, as well as for myocardial ischaemia, migraine and inflammatory diseases. Here, we discuss relevant information on this target protein and describe the development of various H(3) receptor agonists and antagonists, and their effects in preclinical animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rob Leurs
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Gfesser GA, Zhang H, Dinges J, Fox GB, Pan JB, Esbenshade TA, Yao BB, Witte D, Miller TR, Kang CH, Krueger KM, Bennani YL, Hancock AA, Faghih R. Structure–activity relationships of non-imidazole H3 receptor ligands. Part 3: 5-Substituted 3-phenyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles as potent antagonists. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2004; 14:673-6. [PMID: 14741266 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2003.11.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Further SAR studies on novel histamine H(3) receptor antagonists are presented. Compound 14bb is a potent antagonist of both the rat cortical and human clone receptors, and is demonstrated to act functionally as an antagonist in an in vivo mouse dipsogenia model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory A Gfesser
- Neuroscience Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA.
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Recent Progress in Histamine H3 Receptor Chemistry. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(04)39005-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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