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Sung JY, Kim SG, Park SY, Kim JR, Choi HC. Telomere stabilization by metformin mitigates the progression of atherosclerosis via the AMPK-dependent p-PGC-1α pathway. Exp Mol Med 2024:10.1038/s12276-024-01297-w. [PMID: 39223261 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01297-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Telomere dysfunction is a well-known molecular trigger of senescence and has been associated with various age-related diseases, including atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms involved have not yet been elucidated, and the extent to which telomeres contribute to atherosclerosis is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the mechanism of metformin-induced telomere stabilization and the ability of metformin to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) senescence caused by advanced atherosclerosis. The present study revealed that metformin inhibited the phenotypes of atherosclerosis and senescence in VSMCs. Metformin increased the phosphorylation of AMPK-dependent PGC-1α and thus increased telomerase activity and the protein level of TERT in OA-treated VSMCs. Mechanistically, the phosphorylation of AMPK and PGC-1α by metformin not only enhanced telomere function but also increased the protein level of TERT, whereas TERT knockdown accelerated the development of atherosclerosis and senescent phenotypes in OA-treated VSMCs regardless of metformin treatment. Furthermore, the in vivo results showed that metformin attenuated the formation of atherosclerotic plaque markers in the aortas of HFD-fed ApoE KO mice. Although metformin did not reduce plaque size, it inhibited the phosphorylation of the AMPK/PGC-1α/TERT signaling cascade, which is associated with the maintenance and progression of plaque formation, in HFD-fed ApoE KO mice. Accordingly, metformin inhibited atherosclerosis-associated phenotypes in vitro and in vivo. These observations show that the enhancement of telomere function by metformin is involved in specific signaling pathways during the progression of atherosclerosis. These findings suggest that telomere stabilization by metformin via the AMPK/p-PGC-1α pathway might provide a strategy for developing therapeutics against vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Young Sung
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
- Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Seul Gi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
- Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Young Park
- Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Ryong Kim
- Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Chul Choi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea.
- Senotherapy-based Metabolic Disease Control Research Center, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 170 Hyunchung-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu, 42415, Republic of Korea.
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Yutsyschyna MA, Shaftoe JB, Gillis TE. Mitochondria from the systemic heart of Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) are insensitive to one hour of anoxia followed by reoxygenation. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2024; 275:111022. [PMID: 39151663 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Pacific hagfish (Eptatretus stoutii) are an ancient agnathan vertebrate known to be anoxia tolerant. To study their metabolic organization and the role of the mitochondria in anoxia tolerance we developed a novel protocol to measure mitochondrial function in permeabilized cardiomyocytes and how this is affected by one hour of anoxia followed by reoxygenation. When measured at 10 °C the mitochondria had a respiration rate of 2.1 ± 0.1pmol/s/mg WW during OXPHOS with saturating concentrations of glutamate, malate, and succinate. This is comparatively low compared to other ectothermic species. The functional characteristics of the mitochondria were quantified with mitochondrial control ratios. These demonstrated that proton leak contributed to just under 50% of the oxygen flux, with the remainder going towards ATP phosphorylation. Finally, when the preparations were exposed to an anoxia-reoxygenation protocol there was no difference in respiration compared to that of a heart sample from the same animal maintained under normoxia for the same time. When Complex I alone or Complex I and II were stimulated following one hour of anoxia there was no decline in oxygen flux observed. However, if Complex II was activated alone there was a significant decline in respiration. This decrease was however also observed in the mitochondria maintained in normoxia for one hour. In conclusion, Pacific hagfish cardiac mitochondria demonstrated a low rate of oxygen consumption, a loosely coupled electron transfer system, and a resistance to one hour of anoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jared B Shaftoe
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Todd E Gillis
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Nakayama S, Yoda E, Yamashita S, Takamatsu Y, Suzuki Y, Kondo Y, Hara S. Knockdown of iPLA 2γ enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis by increasing ROS-dependent peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids in bladder cancer cells. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 220:301-311. [PMID: 38734266 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cisplatin (CDDP) is a platinum-based drug with anti-cancer activity and is widely used as a standard therapy for bladder cancer. It is well known that CDDP causes cell death by increasing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, but the mechanism of its anti-cancer effects has not been fully elucidated. There are still some problems such as chemoresistance in CDDP therapy. In the present study, we found the expression of Ca2+-independent phospholipase A2γ (iPLA2γ), which has been reported to regulate cellular redox homeostasis by inhibiting lipid peroxide accumulation, in human bladder cancer tissues. Thus, we investigated the effect of iPLA2γ knockdown on CDDP-induced bladder cancer cell death. As a result, we found that iPLA2γ knockdown significantly enhanced CDDP-induced apoptosis, intracellular and mitochondrial ROS production, cytochrome c release and caspase activation in bladder cancer cells. Moreover, mitochondrial membrane potential was decreased and peroxidation of mitochondrial phospholipids was increased by iPLA2γ knockdown. It was also shown that co-treatment of bromoenol lactone, an iPLA2 inhibitor, increased CDDP-induced apoptosis. These results indicated that iPLA2γ plays an important role in protecting bladder cancer cells from CDDP-induced apoptosis, and that iPLA2γ inhibitors might represent a novel strategy in CDDP-based multi-drug therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Nakayama
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Emiko Yoda
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Saki Yamashita
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yuka Takamatsu
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Suzuki
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Kondo
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8602, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Hara
- Division of Health Chemistry, Department of Healthcare and Regulatory Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8555, Japan.
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Hu J, Yang F, Yang G, Pan J, Tan Y, Tang Y, Liu Y, Zhang H, Wang J. Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics to reveal the protective effect and mechanism of Bushen Kangshuai Granules on the elderly people. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1361284. [PMID: 39135783 PMCID: PMC11317404 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1361284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Aging is characterized by a decline in the adaptability and resistance of the body. In this study, Bushen Kangshuai Granules (BKG), as a kind of Chinese herbal formula, was developed and shown to alleviate aging-related symptoms. Methods: Self-controlled study combined with RNA-seq and metabonomics were used to expound the efficacy and safety of BKG and revealed the regulation mechanism of BKG treating aging. In vitro experiments were used to confirm the analytical results. The aging cell model of AC16 cells were treated with D-galactose. The RT-qPCR was used to detect the impact of BKG on telomere length. The DCFH-DA staining was used for detecting intracellular ROS. The targeted signaling pathway was selected and verified using Western blot. Results: After 8 weeks of treatment, BKG significantly reduced SOD level (p = 0.046), TCM aging symptoms (p < 0.001) and TNF-α level (p = 0.044) in the elderly participants. High-throughput sequencing showed that BKG reversed the expression of 70 and 79 age-related genes and metabolites, respectively. Further enrichment analysis indicated that BKG downregulated the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, and Rap1 signaling pathway, while up-regulating sphingolipid metabolism. The results of in vitro experiments show that, after D-gal treatment, the viability and telomere length of AC16 cells significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while the expression of ROS increased (p < 0.05), BKG significantly increased the telomere length of AC16 cells and reduced the level of ROS expression (p < 0.05). In addition, BKG decreased the expression of THBS1, PDGFRA, and EPS8L1(p < 0.05), consistent with the RNA-seq results. Our results also showed that BKG affects PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: BKG can significantly improve aging-related symptoms and increase SOD levels, which may be associated with the reversal of the expression of various aging-related genes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway and sphingolipid metabolism may be potential mechanisms underlying BKG anti-aging effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengmin Yang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juhua Pan
- Research and Development Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yumeng Tan
- Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yalin Tang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongmei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Xu Z, Chen L, Luo Y, Wei YM, Wu NY, Luo LF, Wei YB, Huang J. Advances in metal-organic framework-based nanozymes in ROS scavenging medicine. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2024; 35:362006. [PMID: 38865988 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad572a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in regulating various physiological functions in the human body, however, excessive ROS can cause serious damage to the human body, considering the various limitations of natural enzymes as scavengers of ROS in the body, the development of better materials for the scavenging of ROS is of great significance to the biomedical field, and nanozymes, as a kind of nanomaterials which can show the activity of natural enzymes. Have a good potential for the development in the area of ROS scavenging. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which are porous crystalline materials with a periodic network structure composed of metal nodes and organic ligands, have been developed with a variety of active nanozymes including catalase-like, superoxide dismutase-like, and glutathione peroxidase-like enzymes due to the adjustability of active sites, structural diversity, excellent biocompatibility, and they have shown a wide range of applications and prospects. In the present review, we first introduce three representative natural enzymes for ROS scavenging in the human body, methods for the detection of relevant enzyme-like activities and mechanisms of enzyme-like clearance are discussed, meanwhile, we systematically summarize the progress of the research on MOF-based nanozymes, including the design strategy, mechanism of action, and medical application, etc. Finally, the current challenges of MOF-based nanozymes are summarized, and the future development direction is anticipated. We hope that this review can contribute to the research of MOF-based nanozymes in the medical field related to the scavenging of ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Xu
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Chen
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Luo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Mei Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning-Yuan Wu
- Guangxi Medical University Life Sciences Institute, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan-Fang Luo
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Biao Wei
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Huang
- Pharmaceutical College, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, People's Republic of China
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Mitchell ES, Lemke S, Woodhead B, Coleman D. Oral subchronic toxicity study and genetic toxicity evaluation of mitoquinone mesylate. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38860421 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species production contributes to the pathophysiology of aging. Coenzyme Q10 is thought to protect mitochondria from oxidative damage; thus, mitoquinone was developed as mitochondria-targeted analogue with similar antioxidant activity. Mitoquinone is the oxidized form of mitoquinol. Mitoquinone/mitoquinol mesylate has been proposed as a food ingredient. As part of the safety analysis, we performed genotoxicity assays and a 39-week toxicity study to determine overall toxicity potential. Mitoquinone mesylate showed no evidence of genotoxic potential in two in vitro assays, bacterial reverse mutation and human lymphocyte chromosome aberration, nor in the in vivo micronucleus test in rats. In the 39-week study in dogs, there were no findings observed, which were considered to represent adverse systemic toxicity; therefore, the high dose level (40 mg/kg/day) was considered the NOAEL. The principal findings in this study were fecal disturbances and vomiting. These findings were considered to be due to a local, possibly irritant effect of the test substance on the gastrointestinal tract and were not considered adverse as there were no impacts on clinical or histopathology. This highest dose exceeds the expected daily human intake more than 100-fold. Data from well-designed clinical trials actively collecting safety endpoints corroborate that 20 mg/day can be safely consumed and is not likely to result in significant gastrointestinal complaints. These results support the conclusion that the use of mitoquinone/mitoquinol mesylate as a food ingredient is safe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - David Coleman
- Labcorp Early Development Laboratories Ltd., Huntingdon, UK
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7
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Yue X, Bi S, Li X, Zhang X, Lan L, Chen L, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhou Y, Ye C, Zhu Q. Electrical Stimulation Induces Activation of Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway and Down-Regulates Heat Shock Proteins in Pork: An Innovative Strategy for Enhancing the Ripening Process and Quality of Dry-Cured Loin Ham. Foods 2024; 13:1717. [PMID: 38890945 PMCID: PMC11172275 DOI: 10.3390/foods13111717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
A fundamental regulatory framework to elucidate the role of electrical stimulation (ES) in reducing long production cycles, enhancing protein utilization, and boosting product quality of dry-cured ham is essential. However, how mitochondria and enzymes in meat fibers are altered by ES during post-processing, curing, and fermentation procedures remains elusive. This study sought to explore the impact of ES on the regulation of heat shock proteins (HSP27, HSP70), apoptotic pathways, and subsequent influences on dry-cured pork loin quality. The gathered data validated the hypothesis that ES notably escalates mitochondrial oxidative stress and accelerates mitochondrial degradation along the ripening process. The proapoptotic response in ES-treated samples was increased by 120.7%, with a cellular apoptosis rate 5-fold higher than that in control samples. This mitochondrial degradation is marked by increased ratios of Bax/Bcl-2 protein along the time course, indicating that apoptosis could contribute to the dry-cured ham processing. ES was shown to further down-regulate HSP27 and HSP70, establishing a direct correlation with the activation of mitochondrial apoptosis pathways, accompanied by dry-cured ham quality improvements. The findings show that ES plays a crucial role in facilitating the ripening of dry-cured ham by inducing mitochondrial apoptosis to reduce HSP expression. This knowledge not only explains the fundamental mechanisms behind myofibril degradation in dry-cured ham production but also offers a promising approach to enhance quality and consistency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yue
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Shenghui Bi
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xiangrui Li
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Lisha Lan
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Li Chen
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Zhili Zhang
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chun Ye
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qiujin Zhu
- School of Liquor and Food Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (X.Y.); (S.B.); (X.L.); (X.Z.); (L.L.); (L.C.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.Z.); (C.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Animal Products Storage and Processing, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Vaurs M, Dolu EB, Decottignies A. Mitochondria and telomeres: hand in glove. Biogerontology 2024; 25:289-300. [PMID: 37864609 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10074-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Born as an endosymbiont, the bacteria engulfed by the proto-eukaryotic cell more than 1.45 billion years ago progressively evolved as an important organelle with multiple interactions with the host cell. In particular, strong connections between mitochondria and the chromosome ends, the telomeres, led to propose a new theory of ageing in which dysfunctional telomeres and mitochondria are the main actors of a vicious circle reducing cell fitness and promoting cellular ageing. We review the evidences that oxidative stress and dysfunctional mitochondria damage telomeres and further discuss the interrelationship between telomere biology and mitochondria through the lens of telomerase which shuttles between the nucleus and mitochondria. Finally, we elaborate on the possible role of the mitochondrial genome on the inheritance of human telomere length through the expression of mitochondrial gene variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélina Vaurs
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Elif Beyza Dolu
- de Duve Institute, UCLouvain, Avenue Hippocrate, 1200, Brussels, Belgium
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9
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Li Y, Yang L, Su P, Chen N. Curcumin protects against cadmium-induced germ cell death in the testis of rats. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfae082. [PMID: 38841432 PMCID: PMC11149375 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfae082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cadmium (Cd) has been shown to disrupt the reproductive system. In this study, we evaluated the protective effects of Curcumin (Cur) against Cd-induced reproductive toxicity. Methods Exploring the role of Cur in Cd-treated rat models. Results The study demonstrated that Cd treatment impaired the seminiferous epithelium, leading to increased apoptosis of germ cells. Interestingly, pretreatment with Cur ameliorated the histological damage and decreased the germ cell apoptosis induced by Cd. Furthermore, after Cd exposure, B-cell lymphoma-2 expression was significantly decreased while Bax expression was increased. Pretreatment of rats with Cur protected against germ cell apoptosis by improving the expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 and reducing Bax. Additionally, Cd treatment increased reactive oxygen species, resulting in a decrease in antioxidant enzymes. However, pretreatment of rats with Cur followed by Cd administration led to a substantial decrease in reactive oxygen species levels and increased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Ultrastructural investigations revealed that damage to the mitochondrial structure was significantly ameliorated by Cur pretreatment in Cd-treated rats. Notably, Cur significantly activated the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1a/Sirtuins-3 signaling pathway. Conclusions Overall, our data suggest that Cd induces germ cell apoptosis through mitochondrial-induced oxidative stress, but Cur pretreatment offers strong protection against Cd-induced reproductive toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Li
- Department of Woman's Health Care, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, 745 Luoyu Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P. R. China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
| | - Ping Su
- Institute of Reproductive Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 HangkongAvenue, Wuhan 430030, P. R. China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, P. R. China
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Balmaceda V, Komlódi T, Szibor M, Gnaiger E, Moore AL, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Viscomi C. The striking differences in the bioenergetics of brain and liver mitochondria are enhanced in mitochondrial disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167033. [PMID: 38280294 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders are hallmarked by the dysfunction of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) yet are highly heterogeneous at the clinical and genetic levels. Striking tissue-specific pathological manifestations are a poorly understood feature of these conditions, even if the disease-causing genes are ubiquitously expressed. To investigate the functional basis of this phenomenon, we analyzed several OXPHOS-related bioenergetic parameters, including oxygen consumption rates, electron transfer system (ETS)-related coenzyme Q (mtCoQ) redox state and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mouse brain and liver mitochondria fueled by different substrates. In addition, we determined how these functional parameters are affected by ETS impairment in a tissue-specific manner using pathologically relevant mouse models lacking either Ndufs4 or Ttc19, leading to Complex I (CI) or Complex III (CIII) deficiency, respectively. Detailed OXPHOS analysis revealed striking differences between brain and liver mitochondria in the capacity of the different metabolic substrates to fuel the ETS, reduce the ETS-related mtCoQ, and to induce ROS production. In addition, ETS deficiency due to either CI or CIII dysfunction had a much greater impact on the intrinsic bioenergetic parameters of brain compared with liver mitochondria. These findings are discussed in terms of the still rather mysterious tissue-specific manifestations of mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Balmaceda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Timea Komlódi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstr. 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marten Szibor
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany; Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Schöpfstr. 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Anthony L Moore
- Biochemistry & Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK.
| | - Erika Fernandez-Vizarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
| | - Carlo Viscomi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy; Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, Padova, Italy.
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11
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Zhang RY, Li FJ, Zhang Q, Xin LH, Huang JY, Zhao J. Causal associations between modifiable risk factors and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a mendelian randomization study. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1321216. [PMID: 38385030 PMCID: PMC10880103 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1321216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This Mendelian randomization (MR) study identified modifiable risk factors for isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). Methods Genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for 29 modifiable risk factors for iRBD in discovery and replication stages were used. GWAS data for iRBD cases were obtained from the International RBD Study Group. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was primarily employed to explore causality, with supplementary analyses used to verify the robustness of IVW findings. Co-localization analysis further substantiated causal associations identified via MR. Genetic correlations between mental illness and iRBD were identified using trait covariance, linkage disequilibrium score regression, and co-localization analyses. Results Our study revealed causal associations between sun exposure-related factors and iRBD. Utilizing sun protection (odds ratio [OR] = 0.31 [0.14, 0.69], p = 0.004), ease of sunburn (OR = 0.70 [0.57, 0.87], p = 0.001), childhood sunburn occasions (OR = 0.58 [0.39, 0.87], p = 0.008), and phototoxic dermatitis (OR = 0.78 [0.66, 0.92], p = 0.003) decreased iRBD risk. Conversely, a deep skin color increased risk (OR = 1.42 [1.04, 1.93], p = 0.026). Smoking, alcohol consumption, low education levels, and mental illness were not risk factors for iRBD. Anxiety disorders and iRBD were genetically correlated. Conclusion Our study does not corroborate previous findings that identified smoking, alcohol use, low education, and mental illness as risk factors for iRBD. Moreover, we found that excessive sun exposure elevates iRBD risk. These findings offer new insights for screening high-risk populations and devising preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ru-Yu Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Fu-Jia Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Li-Hong Xin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ying Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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12
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Nehra AK, Moudgil AD, Kumari A, Kumar V, Vohra S. Population genetic characterization of Theileria annulata based on the cytochrome b gene, with genetic insights into buparvaquone susceptibility in Haryana (India). Acta Trop 2024; 250:107103. [PMID: 38135132 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2023.107103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation was aimed at population genetic characterization of Theileria annulata on the basis of the cytochrome b (cyt b) gene along with the evaluation of status of buparvaquone resistance in Haryana (India). The sequences originating from China, Egypt, India, Iran, Iraq, Tunisia, Turkey and Sudan were included in the analysis. The maximum likelihood tree based on the Tamura-Nei (TN93+G) model placed all the sequences of T. annulata into a single clade. The median-joining haplotype network exemplified geographical clustering between T. annulata haplotypes originating from each country. Only five haplotypes (7.81 %) were shared between any two countries, while the remaining 59 haplotypes (92.19 %) were singleton and unique to one country. The values of pairwise genetic distance (FST) between all the populations indicated huge genetic differentiation (> 0.25) between different T. annulata populations, barring the FST value between Iraq and Turkey (0.14454) which suggested a moderate differentiation. Contrary to the FST index, the values of gene flow (Nm) between T. annulata populations were very low. The neutrality indices and mismatch distributions indicated a population expansion in the Indian T. annulata population. Furthermore, the secondary structure and homology modeling of the partial cyt b protein is also reported. The molecular analysis of newly generated sequences for buparvaquone resistance revealed that all the isolates were susceptible to buparvaquone treatment. However, two novel mutations at positions V203I and V219I in between the Q01 and Q02 drug-binding regions of the cyt b gene were observed for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar Nehra
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India.
| | - Aman Dev Moudgil
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India.
| | - Ansu Kumari
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India.
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Sukhdeep Vohra
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
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13
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Cardinali DP. Melatonin as a chronobiotic/cytoprotective agent in bone. Doses involved. J Pineal Res 2024; 76:e12931. [PMID: 38083808 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Because the chronobiotic and cytoprotective molecule melatonin diminishes with age, its involvement in postmenopausal and senescence pathology has been considered since long. One relevant melatonin target site in aging individuals is bone where melatonin chronobiotic effects mediated by MT1 and MT2 receptors are demonstrable. Precursors of bone cells located in bone marrow are exposed to high quantities of melatonin and the possibility arises that melatonin acts a cytoprotective compound via an autacoid effect. Proteins that are incorporated into the bone matrix, like procollagen type I c-peptide, augment after melatonin exposure. Melatonin augments osteoprotegerin, an osteoblastic protein that inhibits the differentiation of osteoclasts. Osteoclasts are target cells for melatonin as they degrade bone partly by generating free radicals. Osteoclast activity and bone resorption are impaired via the free radical scavenger properties of melatonin. The administration of melatonin in chronobiotic doses (less than 10 mg daily) is commonly used in clinical studies on melatonin effect on bone. However, human equivalent doses allometrically derived from animal studies are in the 1-1.5 mg/kg/day range for a 75 kg human adult, a dose rarely used clinically. In view of the absence of toxicity of melatonin in phase 1 pharmacological studies with doses up to 100 mg in normal volunteers, further investigation is needed to determine whether high melatonin doses have higher therapeutic efficacy in preventing bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cardinali
- CENECON, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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14
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Xu J, Xing T, Li J, Zhang L, Gao F. Efficacy of creatine nitrate supplementation on redox status and mitochondrial function in pectoralis major muscle of preslaughter transported broilers. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:3988-3999. [PMID: 37747460 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2023.2249957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
This study was purposed to investigate the efficacy of dietary creatine nitrate (CrN) supplementation on redox status and mitochondrial function in pectoralis major (PM) muscle of broilers that experienced preslaughter transport. A total of 288 Arbor Acres broilers (28-day-old) were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments, including a basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 600 mg/kg guanidinoacetic acid (GAA), 300, 600, or 900 mg/kg CrN for 14 days, respectively. On the transportation day, the basal diet group was divided into two groups on average, resulting in six groups. The control group was transported for 0.5 h and the other groups for 3 h (identified as Control, T3h, GAA600, CrN300, CrN600, and CrN900 group, respectively), and all crates were randomly placed on the truck travelling at an average speed of 80 km/h. Our results showed that GAA600 and CrN treatments decreased the muscle ROS level and MDA content (P < 0.05) and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential (P < 0.001), as well as a higher mRNA expression of avUCP (P < 0.001) and lower mRNA expressions of Nrf2 (P < 0.001), Nrf2 and PGC-1α (P < 0.05) compared with T3h group. Meanwhile, the mRNA and protein expressions of Nrf1, TFAM, and PGC-1α in CrN600 and CrN900 groups were lower than those in the T3h group (P < 0.05). Conclusively, dietary supplementation with GAA and CrN decreased muscle oxidative products and enhanced mitochondrial uncoupling mechanism and mtDNA copy number, which relieved muscle oxidative damage and maintained mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Tong Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jiaolong Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China
| | - Lin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Feng Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Jiangsu Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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15
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Galizzi G, Di Carlo M. Mitochondrial DNA and Inflammation in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:8586-8606. [PMID: 37998717 PMCID: PMC10670154 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45110540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction and neuroinflammation are implicated in the pathogenesis of most neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In fact, although a growing number of studies show crosstalk between these two processes, there remain numerous gaps in our knowledge of the mechanisms involved, which requires further clarification. On the one hand, mitochondrial dysfunction may lead to the release of mitochondrial damage-associated molecular patterns (mtDAMPs) which are recognized by microglial immune receptors and contribute to neuroinflammation progression. On the other hand, inflammatory molecules released by glial cells can influence and regulate mitochondrial function. A deeper understanding of these mechanisms may help identify biomarkers and molecular targets useful for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. This review of works published in recent years is focused on the description of the mitochondrial contribution to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, with particular attention to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacoma Galizzi
- Institute for Research and Biomedical Innovation (IRIB), National Research Council (CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa, 153-90146 Palermo, Italy;
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16
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Valenti D, Vacca RA. Brain Mitochondrial Bioenergetics in Genetic Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Focus on Down, Rett and Fragile X Syndromes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12488. [PMID: 37569863 PMCID: PMC10419900 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, far beyond their prominent role as cellular powerhouses, are complex cellular organelles active as central metabolic hubs that are capable of integrating and controlling several signaling pathways essential for neurological processes, including neurogenesis and neuroplasticity. On the other hand, mitochondria are themselves regulated from a series of signaling proteins to achieve the best efficiency in producing energy, in establishing a network and in performing their own de novo synthesis or clearance. Dysfunctions in signaling processes that control mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics and bioenergetics are increasingly associated with impairment in brain development and involved in a wide variety of neurodevelopmental disorders. Here, we review recent evidence proving the emerging role of mitochondria as master regulators of brain bioenergetics, highlighting their control skills in brain neurodevelopment and cognition. We analyze, from a mechanistic point of view, mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction as causally interrelated to the origins of typical genetic intellectual disability-related neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Down, Rett and Fragile X syndromes. Finally, we discuss whether mitochondria can become therapeutic targets to improve brain development and function from a holistic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Valenti
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Anna Vacca
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnologies (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via G. Amendola 122/O, 70126 Bari, Italy
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17
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Podinić T, Werstuck G, Raha S. The Implications of Cannabinoid-Induced Metabolic Dysregulation for Cellular Differentiation and Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11003. [PMID: 37446181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) governs and coordinates several physiological processes through an integrated signaling network, which is responsible for inducing appropriate intracellular metabolic signaling cascades in response to (endo)cannabinoid stimulation. This intricate cellular system ensures the proper functioning of the immune, reproductive, and nervous systems and is involved in the regulation of appetite, memory, metabolism, and development. Cannabinoid receptors have been observed on both cellular and mitochondrial membranes in several tissues and are stimulated by various classes of cannabinoids, rendering the ECS highly versatile. In the context of growth and development, emerging evidence suggests a crucial role for the ECS in cellular growth and differentiation. Indeed, cannabinoids have the potential to disrupt key energy-sensing metabolic signaling pathways requiring mitochondrial-ER crosstalk, whose functioning is essential for successful cellular growth and differentiation. This review aims to explore the extent of cannabinoid-induced cellular dysregulation and its implications for cellular differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Podinić
- The Department of Pediatrics and the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
| | - Geoff Werstuck
- Department of Medicine and the Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, David Braley Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8L 2X2, Canada
| | - Sandeep Raha
- The Department of Pediatrics and the Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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18
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Raph SM, Dwenger MM, Hu X, Nystoriak MA. Basal NAD(H) redox state permits hydrogen peroxide-induced mesenteric artery dilatation. J Physiol 2023; 601:2621-2634. [PMID: 37114864 DOI: 10.1113/jp284195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Smooth muscle voltage-gated K+ (Kv) channels in resistance arteries control vascular tone and contribute to the coupling of blood flow with local metabolic activity. Members of the Kv1 family are expressed in vascular smooth muscle and are modulated upon physiological elevation of local metabolites, including the glycolytic end-product l-lactate and superoxide-derived hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). Here, we show that l-lactate elicits vasodilatation of small-diameter mesenteric arteries in a mechanism that requires lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Using the inside-out configuration of the patch clamp technique, we show that increases in NADH that reflect LDH-mediated conversion of l-lactate to pyruvate directly stimulate the activity of single Kv1 channels and significantly enhance the sensitivity of Kv1 activity to H2 O2 . Consistent with these findings, H2 O2 -evoked vasodilatation was significantly greater in the presence of 10 mM l-lactate relative to lactate-free conditions, yet was abolished in the presence of 10 mM pyruvate, which shifts the LDH reaction towards the generation of NAD+ . Moreover, the enhancement of H2 O2 -induced vasodilatation was abolished in arteries from double transgenic mice with selective overexpression of the intracellular Kvβ1.1 subunit in smooth muscle cells. Together, our results indicate that the Kvβ complex of native vascular Kv1 channels serves as a nodal effector for multiple redox signals to precisely control channel activity and vascular tone in the face of dynamic tissue-derived metabolic cues. KEY POINTS: Vasodilatation of mesenteric arteries by elevated external l-lactate requires its conversion by lactate dehydrogenase. Application of either NADH or H2 O2 potentiates single Kv channel currents in excised membrane patches from mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. The binding of NADH enhances the stimulatory effects of H2 O2 on single Kv channel activity. The vasodilatory response to H2 O2 is differentially modified upon elevation of external l-lactate or pyruvate. The presence of l-lactate enhances the vasodilatory response to H2 O2 via the Kvβ subunit complex in smooth muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Raph
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Marc M Dwenger
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Xuemei Hu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Matthew A Nystoriak
- Department of Medicine, Division of Environmental Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
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19
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Cardinali DP, Garay A. Melatonin as a Chronobiotic/Cytoprotective Agent in REM Sleep Behavior Disorder. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13050797. [PMID: 37239269 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13050797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dream-enactment behavior that emerges during episodes of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep without muscle atonia is a parasomnia known as REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD). RBD constitutes a prodromal marker of α-synucleinopathies and serves as one of the best biomarkers available to predict diseases such as Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy and dementia with Lewy bodies. Most patients showing RBD will convert to an α-synucleinopathy about 10 years after diagnosis. The diagnostic advantage of RBD relies on the prolonged prodromal time, its predictive power and the absence of disease-related treatments that could act as confounders. Therefore, patients with RBD are candidates for neuroprotection trials that delay or prevent conversion to a pathology with abnormal α-synuclein metabolism. The administration of melatonin in doses exhibiting a chronobiotic/hypnotic effect (less than 10 mg daily) is commonly used as a first line treatment (together with clonazepam) of RBD. At a higher dose, melatonin may also be an effective cytoprotector to halt α-synucleinopathy progression. However, allometric conversion doses derived from animal studies (in the 100 mg/day range) are rarely employed clinically regardless of the demonstrated absence of toxicity of melatonin in phase 1 pharmacological studies with doses up to 100 mg in normal volunteers. This review discusses the application of melatonin in RBD: (a) as a symptomatic treatment in RBD; (b) as a possible disease-modifying treatment in α-synucleinopathies. To what degree melatonin has therapeutic efficacy in the prevention of α-synucleinopathies awaits further investigation, in particular multicenter double-blind trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Cardinali
- CENECON, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1431FWO, Argentina
| | - Arturo Garay
- Unidad de Medicina del Sueño-Sección Neurología, Centro de Educación Médica e Investigaciones Clínicas "Norberto Quirno" (CEMIC), Buenos Aires C1431FWO, Argentina
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20
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Prokopieva VD, Vetlugina TP. Features of oxidative stress in alcoholism. BIOMEDITSINSKAIA KHIMIIA 2023; 69:83-96. [PMID: 37132490 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20236902083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The review considers molecular mechanisms underlying formation and development of oxidative stress (OS) in patients with alcohol dependence. The major attention is paid to the effects of ethanol and its metabolite acetaldehyde associated with additional sources of generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to exogenous ethanol. The own results of studies of the in vitro effect of ethanol and acetaldehyde on the concentration of peripheral OS markers - products of oxidative modification of proteins (protein carbonyls), lipids (lipid peroxidation products), DNA (8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) in blood plasma are presented. The changes in these parameters and the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase) in patients with alcohol dependence were analyzed. Own and literature data indicate that at a certain stage of the disease OS can play a protective rather than pathogenic role in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- V D Prokopieva
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - T P Vetlugina
- Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
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21
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Wen S, Xu M, Zhang W, Song R, Zou H, Gu J, Liu X, Bian J, Liu Z, Yuan Y. Cadmium induces mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT1 suppression-mediated oxidative stress in neuronal cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:743-753. [PMID: 36527706 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium is a widespread environmental contaminant and its neurotoxicity has raised serious concerns. Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key event in Cd-induced nervous system disease; however, the exact molecular mechanism involved has not been fully elucidated. Increasing evidences have shown that Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is the key target protein impaired in Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, the role of SIRT1 in Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cell death and the underlying mechanisms were evaluated in vitro using PC12 cells and primary rat cerebral cortical neurons. The results showed that Cd exposure caused cell death by inhibiting SIRT1 expression, thus inducing oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro. However, inhibition of oxidative stress by the antioxidant puerarin alleviated Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. Furthermore, activation of SIRT1 using the agonist Srt1720 significantly abolished Cd-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and ultimately alleviated Cd-induced neuronal cell death. Collectively, our data indicate that Cd induced mitochondrial dysfunction via SIRT1 suppression-mediated oxidative stress, leading to the death of PC12 cells and primary rat cerebral cortical neurons. These findings suggest a novel mechanism for Cd-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangquan Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingchang Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruilong Song
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuezhong Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Bian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongping Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yuan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Tew DJ, Hebert JM, Schmier BJ. Discovery and properties of a monoclonal antibody targeting 8-oxoA, an oxidized adenine lesion in DNA and RNA. Redox Biol 2023; 62:102658. [PMID: 36989571 PMCID: PMC10074937 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
8-oxoA, a major oxidation product of adenosine, is a mispairing, mutagenic lesion that arises in DNA and RNA when •OH radicals or one-electron oxidants attack the C8 adenine atom or polymerases misincorporate 8-oxo(d)ATP. The danger of 8-oxoA is underscored by the existence of dedicated cellular repair machinery that explicitly excise it from DNA, the attenuation of translation induced by 8-oxoA-mRNA or damaged ribosomes, and its potency as a TLR7 agonist. Here we present the discovery, purification, and biochemical characterization of a new mouse IgGk1 monoclonal antibody (6E4) that specifically targets 8-oxoA. Utilizing an AchE-based competitive ELISA assay, we demonstrate the selectivity of 6E4 for 8-oxoA over a plethora of canonical and chemically modified nucleosides including 8-oxoG, A, m6A, 2-oxoA, and 5-hoU. We further show the ability of 6E4 to exclusively recognize 8-oxoA in nucleoside triphosphates (8-oxoATP) and DNA/RNA oligonucleotides containing a single 8-oxoA. 6E4 also binds 8-oxoA in duplex DNA/RNA antigens where the lesion is either paired correctly or base mismatched. Our findings define the 8-oxoAde nucleobase as the critical epitope and indicate mAb 6E4 is ideally suited for a broad range of immunological applications in nucleic acid detection and quality control.
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23
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Fang WC, Lan CCE. The Epidermal Keratinocyte as a Therapeutic Target for Management of Diabetic Wounds. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054290. [PMID: 36901720 PMCID: PMC10002069 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an important cause of chronic wounds and non-traumatic amputation. The prevalence and number of cases of diabetic mellitus are increasing worldwide. Keratinocytes, the outermost layer of the epidermis, play an important role in wound healing. A high glucose environment may disrupt the physiologic functions of keratinocytes, resulting in prolonged inflammation, impaired proliferation, and the migration of keratinocytes and impaired angiogenesis. This review provides an overview of keratinocyte dysfunctions in a high glucose environment. Effective and safe therapeutic approaches for promoting diabetic wound healing can be developed if molecular mechanisms responsible for keratinocyte dysfunction in high glucose environments are elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che E. Lan
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-7-320-8223
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24
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He M, Park C, Shin Y, Kim J, Cho E. N-Feruloyl Serotonin Attenuates Neuronal Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Aβ 25-35-Treated Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041610. [PMID: 36838597 PMCID: PMC9963151 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and deposition have been identified as a critical feature in the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a series of functional alterations including neuronal oxidative stress and apoptosis. N-feruloyl serotonin (FS) is a plant-derived component that exerts antioxidant activity. This study investigated the protective effects of FS on Aβ25-35-treated neuronal damage by regulation of oxidative stress and apoptosis in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The radical scavenging activities increased with the concentration of FS, exhibiting in vitro antioxidant activity. The Aβ25-35-treated SH-SY5Y cells exerted neuronal cell injury by decreased cell viability and elevated reactive oxygen species, but that was recovered by FS treatment. In addition, treatment of FS increased anti-apoptotic factor B-cell lymphoma protein 2 (Bcl-2) and decreased the pro-apoptotic factor Bcl-2-associated X protein. The FS attenuated Aβ-stimulated neuronal apoptosis by regulations of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Moreover, activated CREB-BDNF signaling was observed by the treatment of FS in Aβ25-35-induced SH-SY5Y cells. These results demonstrate that FS shows potential neuroprotective effects on Aβ25-35-induced neuronal damage by attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis, and suggest that FS may be considered a promising candidate for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meitong He
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Chanhum Park
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Research Institute of Medical-Bio Convergence, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yusu Shin
- Department of Medicinal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52725, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (E.C.)
| | - Eunju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (E.C.)
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Kashio A, Yamada C, Yasuhara K, Kamogashira T, Someya S, Yamasoba T. Taurine, Coenzyme Q 10, and Hydrogen Water Prevents Germanium Dioxide-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Associated Sensorineural Hearing Loss in mouse. Hear Res 2023; 428:108678. [PMID: 36577362 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2022.108678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in numerous common diseases as well as aging and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). In the current study, we showed that supplementation with germanium dioxide (GeO2) in CBA/J mice resulted in SNHL due to the degeneration of the stria vascularis and spiral ganglion, which were associated with down-regulation of mitochondrial respiratory chain associated genes and up-regulation in apoptosis associated genes in the cochlea. Supplementation with taurine, coenzyme Q10, or hydrogen-rich water, attenuated the cochlear degeneration and associated SNHL induced by GeO2. These results suggest that daily supplements or consumption of antioxidants, such as taurine, coenzyme Q10, and hydrogen-rich water, may be a promising intervention to slow SNHL associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Kashio
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chikako Yamada
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yasuhara
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Teru Kamogashira
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Someya
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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26
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Jalandra R, Makharia GK, Sharma M, Kumar A. Inflammatory and deleterious role of gut microbiota-derived trimethylamine on colon cells. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1101429. [PMID: 36726978 PMCID: PMC9885123 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine (TMA) is produced by the intestinal microbiota as a by-product of metabolism of dietary precursors. TMA has been implicated in various chronic health conditions. However, the effect of TMA in the colon and the underlying mechanism was not clear. In this study, TMA exhibited toxic effects in vitro as well as in vivo. TMA-induced oxidative stress causes DNA damage, and compromised cell membrane integrity leading to the release of LDH outside the cells which ultimately leads to cell death. Besides, TMA also exhibited pronounced increase in cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in both HCT116 and HT29 cell lines. TMA was found to be genotoxic and cytotoxic as the TMA concentration increased from 0.15 mM. A decreased ATP intracellular content was observed after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h treatment in a time and dose-dependent manner. For in vivo research, TMA (100 mM, i.p. and intra-rectal) once a week for 12 weeks caused significant changes in cellular morphology of colon and rectum epithelium as assessed by H & E staining. TMA also significantly increased the infiltration of inflammatory cells in the colon and rectal epithelium indicating the severity of inflammation. In addition, TMA caused extensive mucosal damage and distortion in the epithelium, decrease in length of small intestine compared to control mice. In conclusion, these results highlight the detrimental effects of TMA in the colon and rectal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rekha Jalandra
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Govind K. Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Minakshi Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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27
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Choi SH, Ochirpurev B, Jo HY, Won JU, Toriba A, Kim H. Effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure on mitochondrial DNA copy number. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231216968. [PMID: 37989254 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231216968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure can adversely affect human health by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increasing oxidative stress, which causes changes in mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), a key indicator of mitochondrial damage and dysfunction. This study aimed to determine the effects of atmospheric benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) exposure on mtDNAcn in humans. One hundred and eight adults living in Cheongju, South Korea, were included in this study. Atmospheric BaP and 1-NP concentrations and urinary 6-hydroxy-1-nitropyrene (6-OHNP), N-acetyl-1-aminopyrene (1-NAAP), and 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations were measured. Blood samples were also collected to assess mtDNAcn. The mean mtDNAcn was 9.74 (SD 4.46). mtDNAcn decreased significantly with age but was not significantly associated with sex, sampling season, or smoking habit. While there was a borderline significant increase in mtDNAcn with increasing ambient total PAH levels, ambient PAH or urinary 1-hydroxypyrene concentrations showed no significant association with mtDNAcn. However, urinary 6-OHNP or 1-NAAP concentrations, 1-NP metabolites, were significantly associated with mtDNAcn. These results suggest that the metabolism of absorbed NPs generates excess ROS, which damages mitochondrial DNA, resulting in increased mtDNAcn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun-Haeng Choi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bolormaa Ochirpurev
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Yeong Jo
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Uk Won
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Akira Toriba
- Department of Hygienic Chemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Heon Kim
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
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28
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Ajoolabady A, Lebeaupin C, Wu NN, Kaufman RJ, Ren J. ER stress and inflammation crosstalk in obesity. Med Res Rev 2023; 43:5-30. [PMID: 35975736 DOI: 10.1002/med.21921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) governs the proper folding of polypeptides and proteins through various chaperones and enzymes residing within the ER organelle. Perturbation in the ER folding process ensues when overwhelmed protein folding exceeds the ER handling capacity, leading to the accumulation of misfolded/unfolded proteins in the ER lumen-a state being referred to as ER stress. In turn, ER stress induces a gamut of signaling cascades, termed as the "unfolded protein response" (UPR) that reinstates the ER homeostasis through a panel of gene expression modulation. This type of UPR is usually deemed "adaptive UPR." However, persistent or unresolved ER stress hyperactivates UPR response, which ultimately, triggers cell death and inflammatory pathways, termed as "maladaptive/terminal UPR." A plethora of evidence indicates that crosstalks between ER stress (maladaptive UPR) and inflammation precipitate obesity pathogenesis. In this regard, the acquisition of the mechanisms linking ER stress to inflammation in obesity might unveil potential remedies to tackle this pathological condition. Herein, we aim to elucidate key mechanisms of ER stress-induced inflammation in the context of obesity and summarize potential therapeutic strategies in the management of obesity through maneuvering ER stress and ER stress-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Ajoolabady
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cynthia Lebeaupin
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ne N Wu
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Randal J Kaufman
- Degenerative Diseases Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology and Shanghai Institute for Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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29
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Huo T, Zhang W, Yang J, Li J, Zhang Y, Guo H, Wu X, Li A, Feng C, Jiang H. Effects of chronic realgar exposure on liver lipidome in mice and identification sensitive lipid biomarker model for realgar-induced liver damage. Toxicol Lett 2023; 372:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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30
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Chauhan MZ, Chacko JG, Ghaffarieh A, Moulin CM, Pelaez D, Uwaydat SH, Bhattacharya SK. Mitochondrial Triglyceride Dysregulation in Optic Nerves Following Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121885. [PMID: 36551313 PMCID: PMC9775509 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work is to identify mitochondrial optic nerve (ON) lipid alterations associated with sonication-induced traumatic optic neuropathy (TON). Briefly, a mouse model of indirect TON was generated using sound energy concentrated focally at the entrance of the optic canal using a laboratory sonifier (Branson Digital Sonifier 450, Danbury, CT, USA) with a microtip probe. We performed an analysis of a previously generated dataset from high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We analyzed lipids from isolated mitochondria from the ON at 1 day, 7 days, and 14 days post-sonication compared to non-sonicated controls. Lipid abundance alterations in post-sonicated ON mitochondria were evaluated with 1-way ANOVA (FDR-adjusted significant p-value < 0.01), debiased sparse partial correlation (DSPC) network modeling, and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We find temporal alterations in triglyceride metabolism are observed in ON mitochondria of mice following sonication-induced optic neuropathy with notable depletions of TG(18:1/18:2/18:2), TG(18:1/18:1/18:1), and TG(16:0/16:0/18:1). Depletion of mitochondrial triglycerides may mediate ON damage in indirect traumatic optic neuropathy through loss energy substrates for neuronal metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Z. Chauhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Joseph G. Chacko
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Alireza Ghaffarieh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
| | - Chloe M. Moulin
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Daniel Pelaez
- Dr. Nasser Al-Rashid Orbital Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sami H. Uwaydat
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jones Eye Institute, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences Little Rock, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.U.); (S.K.B.); Tel.: +305-482-4103 (S.K.B.)
| | - Sanjoy K. Bhattacharya
- Miami Integrative Metabolomics Research Center, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
- Correspondence: (S.H.U.); (S.K.B.); Tel.: +305-482-4103 (S.K.B.)
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31
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Liu J, Luo Y, Kong X, Yu B, Zheng P, Huang Z, Mao X, Yu J, Luo J, Yan H, He J. Effects of Dietary Fiber on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility and Intestinal Health in Different Pig Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12233298. [PMID: 36496820 PMCID: PMC9740264 DOI: 10.3390/ani12233298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect of dietary fiber on growth performance and intestinal health in different pig breeds, forty Taoyuan and Duroc pigs (pure breeds) of 60 days of age were randomly divided into a 2 (diet) × 2 (breed) factorial experiment (n = 10), and fed with a basal diet (BD) or high-fiber diet (HFD). The trial lasted for 28 d, and results showed that the Taoyuan pigs had a higher average daily feed intake (ADFI) than the Duroc pigs (p < 0.05). The average daily gain (ADG) and digestibilities of gross energy (GE) and crude protein (CP) were higher in Taoyuan pigs than in the Duroc pigs under HFD feeding (p < 0.05). The HFD increased the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity in Taoyuan pigs (p < 0.05). Interestingly, Taoyuan pigs had a higher jejunal villus height and ratio of villus height to crypt depth (V/C) than the Duroc pigs. The HFD significantly improved the villus height and V/C ratio in duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05). The HFD also increased the jejunal maltase and ileal sucrase activities in Duroc and Taoyuan pigs, respectively (p < 0.05). Taoyuan pigs had a higher expression level of duodenal fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP-1) than the Duroc pigs (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the HFD acutely improved the expression levels of ileal SGLT-1 and GLUT-2, and the expression levels of jejunal occludin and claudin-1 in Taoyuan pigs (p < 0.05). Importantly, Taoyuan pigs had a higher colonic Bifidobacterium abundance than the Duroc pigs (p < 0.05). The HFD not only elevated the colonic Lactobacillus abundance and butyrate acid content in Taoyuan pigs, but also increased the acetic and propionic acid contents in both the pig breeds (p < 0.05). These results indicated a difference in dietary fiber (DF) utilization by the two pig breeds, and results may also suggest a beneficial character of DF in regulating intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Yuheng Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xiangfeng Kong
- Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410000, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-13419354223 (J.H.); Fax: +86-28-8629-1781 (J.H.)
| | - Bing Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Ping Zheng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Zhiqing Huang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Xiangbing Mao
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jie Yu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Junqiu Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Hui Yan
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
| | - Jun He
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 610000, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition, Chengdu 610000, China
- Correspondence: (X.K.); (J.H.); Tel.: +86-13419354223 (J.H.); Fax: +86-28-8629-1781 (J.H.)
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32
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Mo Q, You S, Fu H, Wang D, Zhang J, Wang C, Li M. Purification and Identification of Antioxidant Peptides from Rice Fermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum and Their Protective Effects on UVA-Induced Oxidative Stress in Skin. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122333. [PMID: 36552541 PMCID: PMC9774751 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor on both aging and disease. Among foods endowed with beneficial healthy properties, rice is a very useful material, not only because it has a good amino acid ratio and produces antioxidant peptides through microbial fermentation, but also for its inexpensive availability. In this study, rice was treated with Lactobacillus plantarum, and the resulting mixture of small peptides with less than 11 amino acids (RFP) was extracted and purified from the fermentation broth. Subsequently, the antioxidant activity of RFP was assessed using the chemical model, cell biology, and animal model methods. RFP enhanced the expression of the antioxidant enzyme genes downstream of the KEAP1-NRF2/ARE pathway by promoting nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) nuclear translocation while simultaneously removing lipid oxidation products and excess free radicals. These results suggest that RFP is a potential substance for resisting aging and disease caused by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuting Mo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Shiquan You
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hao Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
- Correspondence:
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Therapeutic and Nutraceutical Effects of Polyphenolics from Natural Sources. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196225. [PMID: 36234762 PMCID: PMC9572829 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease, oxidative stress-related complications, and chronic age-related illnesses is gradually increasing worldwide. Several causes include the ineffectiveness of medicinal treatment therapies, their toxicity, their inability to provide radical solutions in some diseases, and the necessity of multiple drug therapy in certain chronic diseases. It is therefore necessary for alternative treatment methods to be sought. In this review, polyphenols were identified and classified according to their chemical structure, and the sources of these polyphenol molecules are indicated. The cardioprotective, ROS scavenging, anti-aging, anticancer properties of polyphenolic compounds have been demonstrated by the results of many studies, and these natural antioxidant molecules are potential alternative therapeutic agents.
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Torres-Soria AK, Romero Y, Balderas-Martínez YI, Velázquez-Cruz R, Torres-Espíndola LM, Camarena A, Flores-Soto E, Solís-Chagoyán H, Ruiz V, Carlos-Reyes Á, Salinas-Lara C, Luis-García ER, Chávez J, Castillejos-López M, Aquino-Gálvez A. Functional Repercussions of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2α in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192938. [PMID: 36230900 PMCID: PMC9562026 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are essential in regulating several cellular processes, such as survival, differentiation, and the cell cycle; this adaptation is orchestrated in a complex way. In this review, we focused on the impact of hypoxia in the physiopathology of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) related to lung development, regeneration, and repair. There is robust evidence that the responses of HIF-1α and -2α differ; HIF-1α participates mainly in the acute phase of the response to hypoxia, and HIF-2α in the chronic phase. The analysis of their structure and of different studies showed a high specificity according to the tissue and the process involved. We propose that hypoxia-inducible transcription factor 2a (HIF-2α) is part of the persistent aberrant regeneration associated with developing IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Karen Torres-Soria
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico
| | - Yair Romero
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Yalbi I. Balderas-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Biología Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Rafael Velázquez-Cruz
- Laboratorio de Genómica del Metabolismo Óseo, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico
| | | | - Angel Camarena
- Laboratorio de HLA, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Edgar Flores-Soto
- Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Héctor Solís-Chagoyán
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City 14370, Mexico
| | - Víctor Ruiz
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ángeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiología, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Citlaltepetl Salinas-Lara
- Red MEDICI, Carrera de Médico Cirujano, Facultad de Estudios Superiores de Iztacala Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 54090, Mexico
| | - Erika Rubí Luis-García
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Jaime Chávez
- Departamento de Hiperreactividad Bronquial, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades, Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Manuel Castillejos-López
- Departamento de Epidemiología y Estadística, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades, Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.-L.); (A.A.-G.)
| | - Arnoldo Aquino-Gálvez
- Departamento de Fibrosis Pulmonar, Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Correspondence: (M.C.-L.); (A.A.-G.)
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Trajectory of the spectral/structural rearrangements for photo-oxidative reaction of neat ketoprofen and its cyclodextrin complex. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-022-01160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Antagonism of the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Type 1 Receptor Enhances Mitochondrial Membrane Potential and Expression of Respiratory Chain Components via AMPK in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells and Primary Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6754-6770. [PMID: 36002781 PMCID: PMC9525428 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03003-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in mitochondrial physiology play a role in the progression of multiple neurodegenerative conditions, including peripheral neuropathy in diabetes. Blockade of muscarinic acetylcholine type 1 receptor (M1R) with specific/selective antagonists prevented mitochondrial dysfunction and reversed nerve degeneration in in vitro and in vivo models of peripheral neuropathy. Specifically, in type 1 and type 2 models of diabetes, inhibition of M1R using pirenzepine or muscarinic toxin 7 (MT7) induced AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) and prevented sensory abnormalities and distal nerve fiber loss. The human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line has been extensively used as an in vitro model system to study mechanisms of neurodegeneration in DRG neurons and other neuronal sub-types. Here, we tested the hypothesis that pirenzepine or MT7 enhance AMPK activity and via this pathway augment mitochondrial function in SH-SY5Y cells. M1R expression was confirmed by utilizing a fluorescent dye, ATTO590-labeled MT7, that exhibits great specificity for this receptor. M1R antagonist treatment in SH-SY5Y culture increased AMPK phosphorylation and mitochondrial protein expression (OXPHOS). Mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was augmented in pirenzepine and MT7 treated cultured SH-SY5Y cells and DRG neurons. Compound C or AMPK-specific siRNA suppressed pirenzepine or MT7-induced elevation of OXPHOS expression and MMP. Moreover, muscarinic antagonists induced hyperpolarization by activating the M-current and, thus, suppressed neuronal excitability. These results reveal that negative regulation of this M1R-dependent pathway could represent a potential therapeutic target to elevate AMPK activity, enhance mitochondrial function, suppress neuropathic pain, and enhance nerve repair in peripheral neuropathy.
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Rani L, Ranjan Sahu M, Chandra Mondal A. Age-related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: New Insights Into the Disease Pathology. Neuroscience 2022; 499:152-169. [PMID: 35839924 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a progressive loss of physiological function that increases risk of disease and death. Among the many factors that contribute to human aging, mitochondrial dysfunction has emerged as one of the most prominent features of the aging process. It has been linked to the development of various age-related pathologies, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Mitochondria has a complex quality control system that ensures mitochondrial integrity and function. Perturbations in these mitochondrial mechanisms have long been linked to various age-related neurological disorders. Even though research has shed light on several aspects of the disease pathology, the underlying mechanism of age-related factors responsible for individuals developing this disease is still unknown. This review article aims to discuss the role of mitochondria in the transition from normal brain aging to pathological brain aging, which leads to the progression of PD. We have discussed the emerging evidence on how age-related disruption of mitochondrial quality control mechanisms contributes to the development of PD-related pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linchi Rani
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Manas Ranjan Sahu
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Amal Chandra Mondal
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India.
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Mitoribosomal Deregulation Drives Senescence via TPP1-Mediated Telomere Deprotection. Cells 2022; 11:cells11132079. [PMID: 35805162 PMCID: PMC9265344 DOI: 10.3390/cells11132079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
While mitochondrial bioenergetic deregulation has long been implicated in cellular senescence, its mechanistic involvement remains unclear. By leveraging diverse mitochondria-related gene expression profiles derived from two different cellular senescence models of human diploid fibroblasts, we found that the expression of mitoribosomal proteins (MRPs) was generally decreased during the early-to-middle transition prior to the exhibition of noticeable SA-β-gal activity. Suppressed expression patterns of the identified senescence-associated MRP signatures (SA-MRPs) were validated in aged human cells and rat and mouse skin tissues and in aging mouse fibroblasts at single-cell resolution. TIN2- and POT1-interaction protein (TPP1) was concurrently suppressed, which induced senescence, accompanied by telomere DNA damage. Lastly, we show that SA-MRP deregulation could be a potential upstream regulator of TPP1 suppression. Our results indicate that mitoribosomal deregulation could represent an early event initiating mitochondrial dysfunction and serve as a primary driver of cellular senescence and an upstream regulator of shelterin-mediated telomere deprotection.
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Tie H, Dong J, Jiang Q, Yu D, Yang F, Xu Y, Xia W. Profound changes of mitochondria during postmortem condition used as freshness indicator in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) muscle. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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The Mitochondrial Genome in Aging and Disease and the Future of Mitochondrial Therapeutics. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020490. [PMID: 35203698 PMCID: PMC8962324 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are intracellular organelles that utilize nutrients to generate energy in the form of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in humans is a 16,569 base pair double-stranded circular DNA that encodes for 13 vital proteins of the electron transport chain. Our understanding of the mitochondrial genome’s transcription, translation, and maintenance is still emerging, and human pathologies caused by mtDNA dysfunction are widely observed. Additionally, a correlation between declining mitochondrial DNA quality and copy number with organelle dysfunction in aging is well-documented in the literature. Despite tremendous advancements in nuclear gene-editing technologies and their value in translational avenues, our ability to edit mitochondrial DNA is still limited. In this review, we discuss the current therapeutic landscape in addressing the various pathologies that result from mtDNA mutations. We further evaluate existing gene therapy efforts, particularly allotopic expression and its potential to become an indispensable tool for restoring mitochondrial health in disease and aging.
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Dutta S, Sengupta P, Roychoudhury S, Chakravarthi S, Wang CW, Slama P. Antioxidant Paradox in Male Infertility: 'A Blind Eye' on Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:167. [PMID: 35052671 PMCID: PMC8772926 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of male infertility involves various interlinked endogenous pathways. About 50% of the cases of infertility in men are idiopathic, and oxidative stress (OS) reportedly serves as a central mechanism in impairing male fertility parameters. The endogenous antioxidant system operates to conserve the seminal redox homeostasis required for normal male reproduction. OS strikes when a generation of seminal reactive oxygen species (ROS) overwhelms endogenous antioxidant capacity. Thus, antioxidant treatment finds remarkable relevance in the case of idiopathic male infertility or subfertility. However, due to lack of proper detection of OS in male infertility, use of antioxidant(s) in some cases may be arbitrary or lead to overuse and induction of 'reductive stress'. Moreover, inflammation is closely linked to OS and may establish a vicious loop that is capable of disruption to male reproductive tissues. The result is exaggeration of cellular damage and disruption of male reproductive tissues. Therefore, limitations of antioxidant therapy in treating male infertility are the failure in the selection of specific treatments targeting inflammation and OS simultaneously, two of the core mechanisms of male infertility. The present review aims to elucidate the antioxidant paradox in male infertility treatment, from the viewpoints of both induction of reductive stress as well as overlooking the inflammatory consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.D.); (S.C.); (C.W.W.)
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), 173 Agaram Main Rd, Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, India;
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), 173 Agaram Main Rd, Selaiyur, Chennai 600073, India;
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Srikumar Chakravarthi
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.D.); (S.C.); (C.W.W.)
- Physiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Chee Woon Wang
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, SP2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia; (S.D.); (S.C.); (C.W.W.)
| | - Petr Slama
- Department of Animal Morphology, Physiology and Genetics, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 61300 Brno, Czech Republic
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Musson R, Gąsior Ł, Bisogno S, Ptak GE. DNA damage in preimplantation embryos and gametes: specification, clinical relevance and repair strategies. Hum Reprod Update 2022; 28:376-399. [PMID: 35021196 PMCID: PMC9071077 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA damage is a hazard that affects all cells of the body. DNA-damage repair (DDR) mechanisms are in place to repair damage and restore cellular function, as are other damage-induced processes such as apoptosis, autophagy and senescence. The resilience of germ cells and embryos in response to DNA damage is less well studied compared with other cell types. Given that recent studies have described links between embryonic handling techniques and an increased likelihood of disease in post-natal life, an update is needed to summarize the sources of DNA damage in embryos and their capacity to repair it. In addition, numerous recent publications have detailed novel techniques for detecting and repairing DNA damage in embryos. This information is of interest to medical or scientific personnel who wish to obtain undamaged embryos for use in offspring generation by ART. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE This review aims to thoroughly discuss sources of DNA damage in male and female gametes and preimplantation embryos. Special consideration is given to current knowledge and limits in DNA damage detection and screening strategies. Finally, obstacles and future perspectives in clinical diagnosis and treatment (repair) of DNA damaged embryos are discussed. SEARCH METHODS Using PubMed and Google Scholar until May 2021, a comprehensive search for peer-reviewed original English-language articles was carried out using keywords relevant to the topic with no limits placed on time. Keywords included ‘DNA damage repair’, ‘gametes’, ‘sperm’, ‘oocyte’, ‘zygote’, ‘blastocyst’ and ‘embryo’. References from retrieved articles were also used to obtain additional articles. Literature on the sources and consequences of DNA damage on germ cells and embryos was also searched. Additional papers cited by primary references were included. Results from our own studies were included where relevant. OUTCOMES DNA damage in gametes and embryos can differ greatly based on the source and severity. This damage affects the development of the embryo and can lead to long-term health effects on offspring. DDR mechanisms can repair damage to a certain extent, but the factors that play a role in this process are numerous and altogether not well characterized. In this review, we describe the multifactorial origin of DNA damage in male and female gametes and in the embryo, and suggest screening strategies for the selection of healthy gametes and embryos. Furthermore, possible therapeutic solutions to decrease the frequency of DNA damaged gametes and embryos and eventually to repair DNA and increase mitochondrial quality in embryos before their implantation is discussed. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Understanding DNA damage in gametes and embryos is essential for the improvement of techniques that could enhance embryo implantation and pregnancy success. While our knowledge about DNA damage factors and regulatory mechanisms in cells has advanced greatly, the number of feasible practical techniques to avoid or repair damaged embryos remains scarce. Our intention is therefore to focus on strategies to obtain embryos with as little DNA damage as possible, which will impact reproductive biology research with particular significance for reproductive clinicians and embryologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Musson
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Łukasz Gąsior
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Simona Bisogno
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Ewa Ptak
- Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Sengupta P, Dutta S, Alahmar AT. Reductive Stress and Male Infertility. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1391:311-321. [PMID: 36472829 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-12966-7_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Male infertility research and clinical advances had vast progress in the last few decades. Strong research evidence underpinned the concepts of oxidative stress (OS)-mediated male reproductive disruptions, which bear answers to several cases of idiopathic male infertility. Antioxidant treatment held the prime solution for OS-mediated male infertility. But excess use of antioxidants is challenged by the research breakthrough that reductive stress also predisposes to male infertility, resolutely instituting that any biological extremes of the redox spectrum are deleterious to male fertility. Superfluity of reducing agents may hinder essential oxidation mechanisms, affecting physiological homeostasis. These mechanisms need to be explicated and updated time and again to identify the fine thread between OS-mediated male infertility treatment and induction of reductive stress. This chapter thus presents the evidence-based concepts pertaining to the antioxidants actions to combat OS-induced male infertility, the mechanism of induction of reductive stress and its impact on male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallav Sengupta
- Physiology Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE.
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- School of Medical Sciences, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, India
| | - Ahmed T Alahmar
- Department of Medical Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
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Mitoquinone supplementation alleviates oxidative stress and pathologic outcomes following repetitive mild traumatic brain injury at a chronic time point. Exp Neurol 2022; 351:113987. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2022.113987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Insulin-like Growth Factor II Prevents MPP+ and Glucocorticoid Mitochondrial-Oxidative and Neuronal Damage in Dopaminergic Neurons. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 11:antiox11010041. [PMID: 35052545 PMCID: PMC8773450 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress seems to contribute to Parkinson’s disease (PD) neuropathology, probably by dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis. Key factors in this pathophysiology are oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and neuronal glucocorticoid-induced toxicity. The insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II), a pleiotropic hormone, has shown antioxidant and neuroprotective effects in some neurodegenerative disorders. Our aim was to examine the protective effect of IGF-II on a dopaminergic cellular combined model of PD and mild to moderate stress measuring oxidative stress parameters, mitochondrial and neuronal markers, and signalling pathways. IGF-II counteracts the mitochondrial-oxidative damage produced by the toxic synergistic effect of corticosterone and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, protecting dopaminergic neurons from death and neurodegeneration. IGF-II promotes PKC activation and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 antioxidant response in a glucocorticoid receptor-dependent pathway, preventing oxidative cell damage and maintaining mitochondrial function. Thus, IGF-II is a potential therapeutic tool for treatment and prevention of disease progression in PD patients suffering mild to moderate emotional stress.
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46
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Xie S, Zhu J, Yang D, Xu Y, Zhu J, He D. Low Concentrations of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Cause Severe Cytotoxicity Through Increased Intracellular Reactive Oxygen Species. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:2420-2432. [PMID: 34974865 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
With wide application of Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, their biological toxicity has received more and more attention in recent years. In this research, two ZnO dispersions with different particle sizes, small size Zinc oxide (S-ZnO) and big size Zinc oxide (B-ZnO), were prepared using polycarboxylic acid as dispersant. We found that the S-ZnO nanoparticles showed stronger toxicity on Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells (HPAEpiC) under same concentration. Only 9 ppm S-ZnO could decrease HPAEpiC viability to about 50%, which means that, a small amount of well-dispersed ZnO nanoparticles in industrial production process may cause serious damage to the human body through oral inhalation. Focusing on mechanism for cytotoxicity, ZnO nanoparticles promoted generation and accumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in mitochondria via inhibiting Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and reducing Glutathione (GSH) content. ROS in turn opened the mitochondrial Ca2+ pathway and lowered the Mitochondrial Membrane Potentials (MMP), leading to cell death. To simulate the lung environment in vitro, mixed dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and ZnO nanoparticles (1:1) were incubated for 72 hours and then cytotoxicity was evaluated on HPAEpiC. Results showed that the cell viability was significantly increased, which proved that the DPPC effectively inhibited the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Xie
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Jingyao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Dicheng Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Yan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Jun Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology, Shanghai 200241, PR China
| | - Dannong He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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Marco-Hernández AV, Tomás-Vila M, Montoya-Filardi A, Barranco-González H, Vilchez Padilla JJ, Azorín I, Smeyers Dura P, Monfort-Membrado S, Pitarch-Castellano I, Martínez-Castellano F. Mitochondrial developmental encephalopathy with bilateral optic neuropathy related to homozygous variants in IMMT gene. Clin Genet 2021; 101:233-241. [PMID: 34842280 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
IMMT gene codes for mitofilin, a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that regulates the morphology of mitochondrial cristae. The phenotype associated with mutations in this gene has not been yet established, but functional studies carried out show that its loss causes a mitochondrial alteration, both in the morphology of the mitochondrial crests and in their function. We present two cousins from an extended highly consanguineous family with developmental encephalopathy, hypotonia, nystagmus due to optic neuropathy. The likely pathogenic homozygous c.895A>G (p.Lys299Glu) variant in the IMMT gene co-segregates with the disease and associates altered mitochondrial cristae observed by electron microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Victoria Marco-Hernández
- Genomics Unit, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miguel Tomás-Vila
- Neuropediatrics Section, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Juan Jesus Vilchez Padilla
- Neuromuscular Pathology Laboratory, Health Research Institute La Fe; CIBERER. European Reference for rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Azorín
- Neuromuscular Pathology Laboratory, Health Research Institute La Fe; CIBERER. European Reference for rare Neuromuscular Diseases, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Francisco Martínez-Castellano
- Genomics Unit, La Fe Health Research Institute, Valencia, Spain.,Genetics Unit, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
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Impact of Glucocorticoid on a Cellular Model of Parkinson's Disease: Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Function. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11081106. [PMID: 34439724 PMCID: PMC8391158 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Stress seems to contribute to the neuropathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), possibly by dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Oxidative distress and mitochondrial dysfunction are key factors involved in the pathophysiology of PD and neuronal glucocorticoid-induced toxicity. Animal PD models have been generated to study the effects of hormonal stress, but no in vitro model has yet been developed. Our aim was to examine the impact of corticosterone (CORT) administration on a dopaminergic neuronal cell model of PD induced by the neurotoxin MPP+, as a new combined PD model based on the marker of endocrine response to stress, CORT, and oxidative-mitochondrial damage. We determined the impact of CORT, MPP+ and their co-incubation on reactive oxygen species production (O2-•), oxidative stress cellular markers (advanced-oxidation protein products and total antioxidant status), mitochondrial function (mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate) and neurodegeneration (Fluoro-Jade staining). Accordingly, the administration of MPP+ or CORT individually led to cell damage compared to controls (p < 0.05), as determined by several methods, whereas their co-incubation produced strong cell damage (p < 0.05). The combined model described here could be appropriate for investigating neuropathological hallmarks and for evaluating potential new therapeutic tools for PD patients suffering mild to moderate emotional stress.
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Martín-Montañez E, Valverde N, Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda D, Lara E, Romero-Zerbo YS, Millon C, Boraldi F, Ávila-Gámiz F, Pérez-Cano AM, Garrido-Gil P, Labandeira-Garcia JL, Santin LJ, Pavia J, Garcia-Fernandez M. Insulin-like growth factor II prevents oxidative and neuronal damage in cellular and mice models of Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2021; 46:102095. [PMID: 34418603 PMCID: PMC8379511 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative distress and mitochondrial dysfunction, are key factors involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease (PD). The pleiotropic hormone insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) has shown neuroprotective and antioxidant effects in some neurodegenerative diseases. In this work, we demonstrate the protective effect of IGF-II against the damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) in neuronal dopaminergic cell cultures and a mouse model of progressive PD. In the neuronal model, IGF-II counteracts the oxidative distress produced by MPP + protecting dopaminergic neurons. Improved mitochondrial function, increased nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like2 (NRF2) nuclear translocation along with NRF2-dependent upregulation of antioxidative enzymes, and modulation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway were identified as mechanisms leading to neuroprotection and the survival of dopaminergic cells. The neuroprotective effect of IGF-II against MPP + -neurotoxicity on dopaminergic neurons depends on the specific IGF-II receptor (IGF-IIr). In the mouse model, IGF-II prevents behavioural dysfunction and dopaminergic nigrostriatal pathway degeneration and mitigates neuroinflammation induced by MPP+. Our work demonstrates that hampering oxidative stress and normalising mitochondrial function through the interaction of IGF-II with its specific IGF-IIr are neuroprotective in both neuronal and mouse models. Thus, the modulation of the IGF-II/IGF-IIr signalling pathway may be a useful therapeutic approach for the prevention and treatment of PD. IGF-II hampers oxidative damage and promotes survival in a cellular model of PD. IGF-II avoids mitochondrial damage in dopaminergic cells in a model of PD. IGF-II receptor mediates the neuroprotective effect of IGF-II in a cellular model of PD. IGF-II prevents nigrostriatal degeneration and inflammation in a mice model of PD. IGF-II prevents behavioural dysfunction in a mice model of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Martín-Montañez
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Nadia Valverde
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain; Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - David Ladrón de Guevara-Miranda
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Estrella Lara
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Yanina S Romero-Zerbo
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Carmelo Millon
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Federica Boraldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita. Patologia Generale.Universita di Modena e Reggio Emilia. 41125, Italy
| | - Fabiola Ávila-Gámiz
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Ana M Pérez-Cano
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Pablo Garrido-Gil
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS) y Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-Madrid). Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain
| | - Jose Luis Labandeira-Garcia
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CiMUS) y Centro de Investigación en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED-Madrid). Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Spain
| | - Luis J Santin
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain
| | - Jose Pavia
- Departamento de Farmacología y Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain.
| | - Maria Garcia-Fernandez
- Departamento de Fisiología Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga (UMA), Malaga, 29010, Spain.
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Ketogenesis controls mitochondrial gene expression and rescues mitochondrial bioenergetics after cervical spinal cord injury in rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16359. [PMID: 34381166 PMCID: PMC8357839 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96003-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A better understanding of the secondary injury mechanisms that occur after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is essential for the development of novel neuroprotective strategies linked to the restoration of metabolic deficits. We and others have shown that Ketogenic diet (KD), a high fat, moderate in proteins and low in carbohydrates is neuroprotective and improves behavioural outcomes in rats with acute SCI. Ketones are alternative fuels for mitochondrial ATP generation, and can modulate signaling pathways via targeting specific receptors. Here, we demonstrate that ad libitum administration of KD for 7 days after SCI rescued mitochondrial respiratory capacity, increased parameters of mitochondrial biogenesis, affected the regulation of mitochondrial-related genes, and activated the NRF2-dependent antioxidant pathway. This study demonstrates that KD improves post-SCI metabolism by rescuing mitochondrial function and supports the potential of KD for treatment of acute SCI in humans.
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