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Wang MJ, Wang YC, Masson E, Wang YH, Yu D, Qian YY, Tang XY, Deng SJ, Hu LH, Wang L, Wang LJ, Rebours V, Cooper DN, Férec C, Li ZS, Chen JM, Zou WB, Liao Z. SEC16A Variants Predispose to Chronic Pancreatitis by Impairing ER-to-Golgi Transport and Inducing ER Stress. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402550. [PMID: 39119875 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a complex disease with genetic and environmental factors at play. Through trio exome sequencing, a de novo SEC16A frameshift variant in a Chinese teenage CP patient is identified. Subsequent targeted next-generation sequencing of the SEC16A gene in 1,061 Chinese CP patients and 1,196 controls reveals a higher allele frequency of rare nonsynonymous SEC16A variants in patients (4.90% vs 2.93%; odds ratio [OR], 1.71; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26-2.33). Similar enrichments are noted in a French cohort (OR, 2.74; 95% CI, 1.67-4.50) and in a biobank meta-analysis (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.04-1.31). Notably, Chinese CP patients with SEC16A variants exhibit a median onset age 5 years earlier than those without (40.0 vs 45.0; p = 0.012). Functional studies using three CRISPR/Cas9-edited HEK293T cell lines show that loss-of-function SEC16A variants disrupt coat protein complex II (COPII) formation, impede secretory protein vesicles trafficking, and induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to protein overload. Sec16a+/- mice, which demonstrate impaired zymogen secretion and exacerbated ER stress compared to Sec16a+/+, are further generated. In cerulein-stimulated pancreatitis models, Sec16a+/- mice display heightened pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis compared to wild-type mice. These findings implicate a novel pathogenic mechanism predisposing to CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Department of Cell Biology, Center for Stem Cell and Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan-Chen Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Emmanuelle Masson
- Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Univ Brest, Brest, F-29200, France
- Service de Génétique Médicale et de Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU Brest, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Ya-Hui Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yang-Yang Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xin-Ying Tang
- Department of Prevention and Health Care, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438, China
| | - Shun-Jiang Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Liang-Hao Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Li-Juan Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Vinciane Rebours
- Pancreatology and Digestive Oncology Department, Beaujon Hospital, APHP - Clichy, Université Paris Cité, Paris, 92110, France
| | - David N Cooper
- Institute of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Claude Férec
- Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Univ Brest, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Zhao-Shen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jian-Min Chen
- Inserm, EFS, UMR 1078, GGB, Univ Brest, Brest, F-29200, France
| | - Wen-Bin Zou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhuan Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Nautical Medicine and Translation of Drugs and Medical Devices, Changhai Hospital, National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Qian M, Zhou J, Wu J, Zhang H, Yu S, Xu H, Yang Y, Zhou F, Yang Q, Shao L, Zhang W, Jiang N, Ruan Q. A rare missense p.C125Y mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene identified in a Chinese family with tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic fever syndrome. Front Genet 2024; 15:1413641. [PMID: 38978873 PMCID: PMC11228257 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1413641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder with a low incidence in Asia. The most frequent clinical manifestations include fever, rash, myalgia, joint pain and abdominal pain. Misdiagnosis rates are high because of the clinical and genetic variability of the disease. The pathogenesis of TRAPS is complex and yet to be fully defined. Early genetic diagnosis is the key to precise treatment. Methods In this study, a Chinese family with suspected TRAPS were analyzed by genome-wide SNP genotyping, linkage analysis and targeted sequencing for identification of mutations in causative genes. To study the pathogenicity of the identified gene mutation, we performed a conservation analysis of the mutation site and protein structure analysis. Flow cytometry was used to detect TNFRSF1A shedding and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess the activation of unfolded protein response (UPR) in the mutation carriers and healthy individuals. Results A typical TRAPS family history, with a pattern of autosomal dominant inheritance, led to the identification of a rare mutation in the TNFRSF1A gene (c.G374A [p.Cys125Tyr]) with unknown significance. The patient responded well to corticosteroids, and long-term therapy with colchicine effectively reduced the inflammatory attacks. No amyloid complications occurred during the 6-year follow-up. In silico protein analysis showed that the mutation site is highly conversed and the mutation prevents the formation of intrachain disulfide bonds in the protein. Despite a normal shedding of the TNFRSF1A protein from stimulated monocytes in the TRAPS patients with p.C125Y mutation, the expression of CHOP and the splicing of XBP1 was significantly higher than healthy controls, suggesting the presence of an activation UPR. Conclusion This is the first report of a Chinese family with the rare p.C125Y mutation in TNFRSF1A. The p.C125Y mutation does not result in aberrant receptor shedding, but instead is associated with an activated UPR in these TRAPS patients, which may provide new insights into the pathogenesis of this rare mutation in TRAPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqing Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyu Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haocheng Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenglei Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoxin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yixuan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feiran Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingluan Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyun Shao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection and Immunity, Shanghai, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Sci-Tech Inno Center for Infection and Immunity, Shanghai, China
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering (SKLG), School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiaoling Ruan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Department of Infectious Diseases, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sarf EA, Dyachenko EI, Bel’skaya LV. The Role of Salivary Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A, Cytokines, and Amino Acids in Immunomodulation and Angiogenesis in Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1329. [PMID: 38927536 PMCID: PMC11201966 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12061329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, we focused on the analysis of VEGF content in saliva and its relationship with pro-inflammatory cytokines and amino acids involved in immunomodulation and angiogenesis in breast cancer. The study included 230 breast cancer patients, 92 patients with benign breast disease, and 59 healthy controls. Before treatment, saliva samples were obtained from all participants, and the content of VEGF and cytokines in saliva was determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, as well as the content of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found that VEGF was positively correlated with the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β (r = 0.6367), IL-6 (r = 0.3813), IL-8 (r = 0.4370), and IL-18 (r = 0.4184). Weak correlations were shown for MCP-1 (r = 0.2663) and TNF-α (r = 0.2817). For the first time, we demonstrated changes in the concentration of VEGF and related cytokines in saliva in different molecular biological subtypes of breast cancer depending on the stage of the disease, differentiation, proliferation, and metastasis to the lymph nodes. A correlation was established between the expression of VEGF and the content of aspartic acid (r = -0.3050), citrulline (r = -0.2914), and tryptophan (r = 0.3382) in saliva. It has been suggested that aspartic acid and citrulline influence the expression of VEGF via the synthesis of the signaling molecule NO, and then tryptophan ensures tolerance of the immune system to tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lyudmila V. Bel’skaya
- Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Omsk State Pedagogical University, 14, Tukhachevsky Str., 644099 Omsk, Russia; (E.A.S.); (E.I.D.)
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Zhang H, Zheng C, Xu Y, Hu X. Comprehensive molecular and cellular characterization of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related key genes in renal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1340997. [PMID: 38495888 PMCID: PMC10940334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1340997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) is an inevitable complication in the process of kidney transplantation and lacks specific therapy. The study aims to determine the underlying mechanisms of RIRI to uncover a promising target for efficient renoprotection. Method Four bulk RNA-seq datasets including 495 renal samples of pre- and post-reperfusion were collected from the GEO database. The machine learning algorithms were utilized to ascertain pivotal endoplasmic reticulum stress genes. Then, we incorporated correlation analysis and determined the interaction pathways of these key genes. Considering the heterogeneous nature of bulk-RNA analysis, the single-cell RNA-seq analysis was performed to investigate the mechanisms of key genes at the single-cell level. Besides, 4-PBA was applied to inhibit endoplasmic reticulum stress and hence validate the pathological role of these key genes in RIRI. Finally, three clinical datasets with transcriptomic profiles were used to assess the prognostic role of these key genes in renal allograft outcomes after RIRI. Results In the bulk-RNA analysis, endoplasmic reticulum stress was identified as the top enriched pathway and three endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes (PPP1R15A, JUN, and ATF3) were ranked as top performers in both LASSO and Boruta analyses. The three genes were found to significantly interact with kidney injury-related pathways, including apoptosis, inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and pyroptosis. For oxidative stress, these genes were more strongly related to oxidative markers compared with antioxidant markers. In single-cell transcriptome, the three genes were primarily upregulated in endothelium, distal convoluted tubule cells, and collecting duct principal cells among 12 cell types of renal tissues in RIRI. Furthermore, distal convoluted tubule cells and collecting duct principal cells exhibited pro-inflammatory status and the highest pyroptosis levels, suggesting their potential as main effectors of three key genes for mediating RIRI-associated injuries. Importantly, inhibition of these key genes using 4-phenyl butyric acid alleviated functional and histological damage in a mouse RIRI model. Finally, the three genes demonstrated highly prognostic value in predicting graft survival outcomes. Conclusion The study identified three key endoplasmic reticulum stress-related genes and demonstrated their prognostic value for graft survival, providing references for individualized clinical prevention and treatment of postoperative complications after renal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaoyue Zheng
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Xu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaopeng Hu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Huang L, Tan L, Lv Z, Chen W, Wu J. Pharmacology of bioactive compounds from plant extracts for improving non-alcoholic fatty liver disease through endoplasmic reticulum stress modulation: A comprehensive review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25053. [PMID: 38322838 PMCID: PMC10844061 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition with significant clinical implications. Emerging research indicates endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as a critical pathogenic factor governing inflammatory responses, lipid metabolism and insulin signal transduction in patients with NAFLD. ER stress-associated activation of multiple signal transduction pathways, including the unfolded protein response, disrupts lipid homeostasis and substantially contributes to NAFLD development and progression. Targeting ER stress for liver function enhancement presents an innovative therapeutic strategy. Notably, the natural bioactive compounds of plant extracts have shown potential for treating NAFLD by reducing the level of ER stress marker proteins and mitigating inflammation, stress responses, and de novo lipogenesis. However, owing to limited comprehensive reviews, the effectiveness and pharmacology of these bioactive compounds remain uncertain. Objectives To address the abovementioned challenges, the current review categorizes the bioactive compounds of plant extracts by chemical structures and properties into flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, lipids and quinones and examines their ameliorative potential for NAFLD under ER stress. Methods This review systematically analyses the literature on the interactions of bioactive compounds from plant extracts with molecular targets under ER stress, providing a holistic view of NAFLD therapy. Results Bioactive compounds from plant extracts may improve NAFLD by alleviating ER stress; reducing lipid synthesis, inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis and enhancing fatty acid metabolism. This provides a multifaceted approach for treating NAFLD. Conclusion This review underscores the role of ER stress in NAFLD and the potential of plant bioactive compounds in treating this condition. The molecular mechanisms by which plant bioactive compounds interact with their ER stress targets provide a basis for further exploration in NAFLD management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Huang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Liping Tan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Zhuo Lv
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Wenhui Chen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
| | - Junzi Wu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
- Key Laboratory of Microcosmic Syndrome Differentiation, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, Kunming, China
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Ament CE, Steinmann S, Evert K, Pes GM, Ribback S, Gigante I, Pizzuto E, Banales JM, Rodrigues PM, Olaizola P, Wang H, Giannelli G, Chen X, Evert M, Calvisi DF. Aberrant fucosylation sustains the NOTCH and EGFR/NF-κB pathways and has a prognostic value in human intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Hepatology 2023; 78:1742-1754. [PMID: 36789652 DOI: 10.1097/hep.0000000000000322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a lethal malignancy, with increasing incidence worldwide and limited therapeutic options. Aberrant protein glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer. Here, we thoroughly investigated the possible involvement of fucosylation in cholangiocarcinogenesis. APPROACH AND RESULTS We discovered that the levels of global fucosylation and members of the fucosylation pathway are ubiquitously upregulated in human iCCA tissues compared to nontumorous surrounding livers and normal biliary cells. In addition, total fucosylation levels correlate with poor patients' prognosis. Furthermore, fucosylation inhibition following 6-alkynylfucose (6AF) administration triggered a dose-dependent decrease in the proliferation and migration of iCCA cell lines. Notably, adding fucose to the cell medium annulled these effects. At the molecular level, 6AF administration or small interfering RNA-mediated silencing of GDP-L-fucose synthetase (FX) and the GDP-fucose transmembrane transporter (SLC35C1), both pivotal players of cellular fucosylation, decreased NOTCH activity, NOTCH1/Jagged1 interaction, NOTCH receptors, and related target genes in iCCA cell lines. In the same cells, EGFR, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells p65, and Bcl-xL protein levels diminished, whereas IκBα (a critical cellular NF-κB inhibitor) increased after FX/SLC35C1 knockdown or 6AF administration. In the chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, 6AF treatment profoundly suppresses the growth of iCCA cells. CONCLUSIONS Elevated global fucosylation characterizes human iCCA, contributing to cell growth and migration through the upregulation of the NOTCH and EGFR/NF-κB pathways. Thus, aberrant fucosylation is a novel pathogenetic player and a potential therapeutic target for human iCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy E Ament
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sara Steinmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Katja Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Giovanni M Pes
- Department of Medicine, Surgery, and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Silvia Ribback
- Institute of Pathology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Isabella Gigante
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Elena Pizzuto
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Sciences, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paula Olaizola
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Haichuan Wang
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Gianluigi Giannelli
- National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, USA
| | - Matthias Evert
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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Macauslane KL, Pegg CL, Short KR, Schulz BL. Modulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress response pathways by respiratory viruses. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-19. [PMID: 37934111 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2274840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are amongst the leading causes of death and disability, and the greatest burden of disease impacts children, pregnant women, and the elderly. Respiratory viruses account for the majority of ARIs. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a host homeostatic defence mechanism primarily activated in response to aberrant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) resident protein accumulation in cell stresses including viral infection. The UPR has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several respiratory diseases, as the respiratory system is particularly vulnerable to chronic and acute activation of the ER stress response pathway. Many respiratory viruses therefore employ strategies to modulate the UPR during infection, with varying effects on the host and the pathogens. Here, we review the specific means by which respiratory viruses affect the host UPR, particularly in association with the high production of viral glycoproteins, and the impact of UPR activation and subversion on viral replication and disease pathogenesis. We further review the activation of UPR in common co-morbidities of ARIs and discuss the therapeutic potential of modulating the UPR in virally induced respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle L Macauslane
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cassandra L Pegg
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Kirsty R Short
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Benjamin L Schulz
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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Buonfiglio F, Böhm EW, Pfeiffer N, Gericke A. Oxidative Stress: A Suitable Therapeutic Target for Optic Nerve Diseases? Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1465. [PMID: 37508003 PMCID: PMC10376185 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Optic nerve disorders encompass a wide spectrum of conditions characterized by the loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and subsequent degeneration of the optic nerve. The etiology of these disorders can vary significantly, but emerging research highlights the crucial role of oxidative stress, an imbalance in the redox status characterized by an excess of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in driving cell death through apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation. This review provides an overview of ROS-related processes underlying four extensively studied optic nerve diseases: glaucoma, Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), and optic neuritis (ON). Furthermore, we present preclinical findings on antioxidants, with the objective of evaluating the potential therapeutic benefits of targeting oxidative stress in the treatment of optic neuropathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Buonfiglio
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.W.B.); (N.P.)
| | | | | | - Adrian Gericke
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany; (E.W.B.); (N.P.)
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis C Virus Infection. Viruses 2022; 14:v14122630. [PMID: 36560634 PMCID: PMC9780809 DOI: 10.3390/v14122630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, a type of cellular stress, always occurs when unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulating in the ER exceed the protein folding capacity. Because of the demand for rapid viral protein synthesis after viral infection, viral infections become a risk factor for ER stress. The hepatocyte is a cell with large and well-developed ER, and hepatitis virus infection is widespread in the population, indicating the interaction between hepatitis viruses and ER stress may have significance for managing liver diseases. In this paper, we review the process that is initiated by the hepatocyte through ER stress against HBV and HCV infection and explain how this information can be helpful in the treatment of HBV/HCV-related diseases.
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10
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Jiang M, Li Z, Zhu G. The role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathophysiology of periodontal disease. J Periodontal Res 2022; 57:915-932. [PMID: 35818935 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a principal organelle for folding, post-translational modifications and transport of secretory, luminal, and membrane proteins. ER stress is a condition induced by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins owing to a variety of physiological and pathological phenomena. To overcome the deleterious effects of ER stress, unfolded protein response (UPR) is initiated to translocate and remove the misfolded and accumulated proteins. Plenty of evidence shows the correlation between ER stress/UPR and the pathology of inflammatory disease. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the irreversible destruction of periodontal tissues, which associates with the onset and progress of several systemic diseases. Periodontopathic bacterium and pro-inflammatory mediators play a pivotal role in the progress of periodontal disease. Besides, cigarette smoke has long been associated with periodontal disease. As an inflammatory disorder of the periodontium, periodontal disease is highly related to ER stress. In this review, we provide an overview of the pathophysiological effect of ER stress on periodontal disease through five aspects as follow: ER stress and periodontal tissue remodeling, including both soft tissue and hard tissue; ER stress and the inflammation; ER stress and systematic effect during the periodontal disease; last but not least, ER stress and the autophagic apoptosis in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhuoneng Li
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of Wuhan, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Guangxun Zhu
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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11
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Carrà G, Avalle L, Seclì L, Brancaccio M, Morotti A. Shedding Light on NF-κB Functions in Cellular Organelles. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:841646. [PMID: 35620053 PMCID: PMC9127296 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.841646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NF-κB is diffusely recognized as a transcriptional factor able to modulate the expression of various genes involved in a broad spectrum of cellular functions, including proliferation, survival and migration. NF-κB is, however, also acting outside the nucleus and beyond its ability to binds to DNA. NF-κB is indeed found to localize inside different cellular organelles, such as mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi and nucleoli, where it acts through different partners in mediating various biological functions. Here, we discuss the relationship linking NF-κB to the cellular organelles, and how this crosstalk between cellular organelles and NF-κB signalling may be evaluated for anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Carrà
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
| | - Lidia Avalle
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Seclì
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Mara Brancaccio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Morotti
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Orbassano, Italy
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12
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The Intertwined Roles of Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Glaucoma. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050886. [PMID: 35624748 PMCID: PMC9137739 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, and the burden of the disease continues to grow as the global population ages. Currently, the only treatment option is to lower intraocular pressure. A better understanding of glaucoma pathogenesis will help us to develop novel therapeutic options. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance in redox homeostasis, with reactive oxygen species producing processes overcoming anti-oxidant defensive processes. Oxidative stress works in a synergistic fashion with endoplasmic reticulum stress, to drive glaucomatous damage to trabecular meshwork, retinal ganglion cells and the optic nerve head. We discuss the oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways and their connections including their key intermediary, calcium. We highlight therapeutic options aimed at disrupting these pathways and discuss their potential role in glaucoma treatment.
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13
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Padilla-Godínez FJ, Ramos-Acevedo R, Martínez-Becerril HA, Bernal-Conde LD, Garrido-Figueroa JF, Hiriart M, Hernández-López A, Argüero-Sánchez R, Callea F, Guerra-Crespo M. Protein Misfolding and Aggregation: The Relatedness between Parkinson's Disease and Hepatic Endoplasmic Reticulum Storage Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212467. [PMID: 34830348 PMCID: PMC8619695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of cellular homeostasis can lead to misfolding of proteins thus acquiring conformations prone to polymerization into pathological aggregates. This process is associated with several disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and endoplasmic reticulum storage disorders (ERSDs), like alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) and hereditary hypofibrinogenemia with hepatic storage (HHHS). Given the shared pathophysiological mechanisms involved in such conditions, it is necessary to deepen our understanding of the basic principles of misfolding and aggregation akin to these diseases which, although heterogeneous in symptomatology, present similarities that could lead to potential mutual treatments. Here, we review: (i) the pathological bases leading to misfolding and aggregation of proteins involved in PD, AATD, and HHHS: alpha-synuclein, alpha-1-antitrypsin, and fibrinogen, respectively, (ii) the evidence linking each protein aggregation to the stress mechanisms occurring in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of each pathology, (iii) a comparison of the mechanisms related to dysfunction of proteostasis and regulation of homeostasis between the diseases (such as the unfolded protein response and/or autophagy), (iv) and clinical perspectives regarding possible common treatments focused on improving the defensive responses to protein aggregation for diseases as different as PD, and ERSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J. Padilla-Godínez
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Rodrigo Ramos-Acevedo
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Hilda Angélica Martínez-Becerril
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Luis D. Bernal-Conde
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Jerónimo F. Garrido-Figueroa
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Marcia Hiriart
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
| | - Adriana Hernández-López
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Rubén Argüero-Sánchez
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
| | - Francesco Callea
- Department of Histopathology, Bugando Medical Centre, Catholic University of Healthy and Allied Sciences, Mwanza 1464, Tanzania;
| | - Magdalena Guerra-Crespo
- Neurosciences Division, Cell Physiology Institute, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (F.J.P.-G.); (R.R.-A.); (H.A.M.-B.); (L.D.B.-C.); (J.F.G.-F.); (M.H.)
- Regenerative Medicine Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.H.-L.); (R.A.-S.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Ohno M, Kakino A, Sekiya T, Nomura N, Shingai M, Sawamura T, Kida H. Critical role of oxidized LDL receptor-1 in intravascular thrombosis in a severe influenza mouse model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15675. [PMID: 34344944 PMCID: PMC8333315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95046-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Although coagulation abnormalities, including microvascular thrombosis, are thought to contribute to tissue injury and single- or multiple-organ dysfunction in severe influenza, the detailed mechanisms have yet been clarified. This study evaluated influenza-associated abnormal blood coagulation utilizing a severe influenza mouse model. After infecting C57BL/6 male mice with intranasal applications of 500 plaque-forming units of influenza virus A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1; PR8), an elevated serum level of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, an indicator for activated thrombin generation, was observed. Also, an increased gene expression of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor-1 (Olr1), a key molecule in endothelial dysfunction in the progression of atherosclerosis, was detected in the aorta of infected mice. Body weight decrease, serum levels of cytokines and chemokines, viral load, and inflammation in the lungs of infected animals were similar between wild-type and Olr1 knockout (KO) mice. In contrast, the elevation of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 levels in the sera and intravascular thrombosis in the lungs by PR8 virus infection were not induced in KO mice. Collectively, the results indicated that OLR1 is a critical host factor in intravascular thrombosis as a pathogeny of severe influenza. Thus, OLR1 is a promising novel therapeutic target for thrombosis during severe influenza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marumi Ohno
- Laboratory for Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Akemi Kakino
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Toshiki Sekiya
- Laboratory for Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Naoki Nomura
- Laboratory for Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Masashi Shingai
- Laboratory for Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawamura
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kida
- Laboratory for Biologics Development, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Kita 20 Nishi 10, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 001-0020, Japan.
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15
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Kuperberg SJ, Navetta-Modrov B. The Role of Obesity in the Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19 Respiratory Disease and Critical Illness. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2021; 65:13-21. [PMID: 33797351 PMCID: PMC8320126 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0236tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), the clinical syndrome caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is currently a global health pandemic with substantial morbidity and mortality. COVID-19 has cast a shadow on nearly every aspect of society, straining health systems and economies across the world. Although it is widely accepted that a close relationship exists between obesity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic disorders on infection, we are only beginning to understand ways in which the immunological sequelae of obesity functions as a predisposing factor related to poor clinical outcomes in COVID-19. As both the innate and adaptive immune systems are each primed by obesity, the alteration of key pathways results in both an immunosuppressed and hyperinflammatory state. The present review will discuss the cellular and molecular immunology of obesity in the context of its role as a risk factor for severe COVID-19, discuss the role of cytokine storm, and draw parallels to prior viral epidemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and 2009 H1N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Kuperberg
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and
| | - Brianne Navetta-Modrov
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Stony Brook University Hospital/Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
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16
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Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by 4-Phenyl Butyric Acid Presents Therapeutic Effects on Periodontitis: Experimental Studies In Vitro and in Rats. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6618943. [PMID: 33763140 PMCID: PMC7946453 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6618943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the probable mechanisms of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress involved in periodontitis in vitro and in vivo. We isolated periodontal ligament stem cells from periodontitis patients and healthy controls (P-PDLSCs and H-PDLSCs). To further simulate the periodontal microenvironment in patients, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to treat H-PDLSCs. The results showed that periodontitis-related inflammation gave rise to the upregulated expression levels of ER stress representative genes including GRP78, PERK, ATF4, and CHOP. In contrast, the treatment of 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) remarkably suppressed ER stress and supported cell viability. The increased secretion of proinflammatory factors like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and the activation of NF-κB pathway were also attenuated by 4-PBA treatment. Moreover, 4-PBA treatment restored the impaired osteogenic differentiation ability of PDLSCs, as demonstrated by the upregulated expression levels of Runx2 and OCN as well as the enhanced Alizarin red staining. Local administration of 4-PBA could rescue alveolar bone resorption of LPS-induced periodontitis rats. Thus, our findings suggested ER stress might act as a promising therapeutic target against periodontitis.
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17
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Abstract
Cartilage comprises a single cell type, the chondrocyte, embedded in a highly complex extracellular matrix. Disruption to the cartilage growth plate leads to reduced bone growth and results in a clinically diverse group of conditions known as genetic skeletal diseases (GSDs). Similarly, long-term degradation of articular cartilage can lead to osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterised by joint pain and stiffness. As professionally secreting cells, chondrocytes are particularly susceptible to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and this has been identified as a core disease mechanism in a group of clinically and pathologically related GSDs. If unresolved, ER stress can lead to chondrocyte cell death. Recent interest has focused on ER stress as a druggable target for GSDs and this has led to the first clinical trial for a GSD by repurposing an antiepileptic drug. Interestingly, ER stress markers have also been associated with OA in multiple cell and animal models and there is increasing interest in it as a possible therapeutic target for treatment. In summary, chondrocyte ER stress has been identified as a core disease mechanism in GSDs and as a contributory factor in OA. Thus, chondrocyte ER stress is a unifying factor for both common and rare cartilage-related diseases and holds promise as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Briggs
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ella P Dennis
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Helen F Dietmar
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Katarzyna A Pirog
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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18
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Okumura F, Fujiki Y, Oki N, Osaki K, Nishikimi A, Fukui Y, Nakatsukasa K, Kamura T. Cul5-type Ubiquitin Ligase KLHDC1 Contributes to the Elimination of Truncated SELENOS Produced by Failed UGA/Sec Decoding. iScience 2020; 23:100970. [PMID: 32200094 PMCID: PMC7090344 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The UGA codon signals protein translation termination, but it can also be translated into selenocysteine (Sec, U) to produce selenocysteine-containing proteins (selenoproteins) by dedicated machinery. As Sec incorporation can fail, Sec-containing longer and Sec-lacking shorter proteins co-exist. Cul2-type ubiquitin ligases were recently shown to destabilize such truncated proteins; however, which ubiquitin ligase targets truncated proteins for degradation remained unclear. We report that the Cul5-type ubiquitin ligase KLHDC1 targets truncated SELENOS, a selenoprotein, for proteasomal degradation. SELENOS is involved in endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation, which is linked to reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and the knockdown of KLHDC1 in U2OS cells decreased ER stress-induced cell death. Knockdown of SELENOS increased the cell population with lower ROS levels. Our findings reveal that, in addition to Cul2-type ubiquitin ligases, KLHDC1 is involved in the elimination of truncated oxidoreductase-inactive SELENOS, which would be crucial for maintaining ROS levels and preventing cancer development. KLHDC1 is a Cul5-type ubiquitin ligase KLHDC1 targets immature SELENOS for proteasomal degradation KLHDC1 knockdown in U2OS cells decreases ER stress-induced cell death
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Okumura
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka 813-8582, Japan.
| | - Yuha Fujiki
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka 813-8582, Japan
| | - Nodoka Oki
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka 813-8582, Japan
| | - Kana Osaki
- Department of Food and Health Sciences, International College of Arts and Sciences, Fukuoka Women's University, Fukuoka 813-8582, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nishikimi
- Laboratory of Biosafety Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Fukui
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Immunobiology and Neuroscience and Research Center for Advanced Immunology, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kunio Nakatsukasa
- Graduate School of Natural Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi 467-8501, Japan
| | - Takumi Kamura
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.
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19
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Subramanian A, Capalbo A, Iyengar NR, Rizzo R, di Campli A, Di Martino R, Lo Monte M, Beccari AR, Yerudkar A, Del Vecchio C, Glielmo L, Turacchio G, Pirozzi M, Kim SG, Henklein P, Cancino J, Parashuraman S, Diviani D, Fanelli F, Sallese M, Luini A. Auto-regulation of Secretory Flux by Sensing and Responding to the Folded Cargo Protein Load in the Endoplasmic Reticulum. Cell 2020; 176:1461-1476.e23. [PMID: 30849374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maintaining the optimal performance of cell processes and organelles is the task of auto-regulatory systems. Here we describe an auto-regulatory device that helps to maintain homeostasis of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by adjusting the secretory flux to the cargo load. The cargo-recruiting subunit of the coatomer protein II (COPII) coat, Sec24, doubles as a sensor of folded cargo and, upon cargo binding, acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor to activate the signaling protein Gα12 at the ER exit sites (ERESs). This step, in turn, activates a complex signaling network that activates and coordinates the ER export machinery and attenuates proteins synthesis, thus preventing large fluctuations of folded and potentially active cargo that could be harmful to the cell or the organism. We call this mechanism AREX (autoregulation of ER export) and expect that its identification will aid our understanding of human physiology and diseases that develop from secretory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Advait Subramanian
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy.
| | - Anita Capalbo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Namrata Ravi Iyengar
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Riccardo Rizzo
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Antonella di Campli
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy; Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosaria Di Martino
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Matteo Lo Monte
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea R Beccari
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy; Dompé Farmaceutici SpA, Milan, Italy
| | - Amol Yerudkar
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Carmen Del Vecchio
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Luigi Glielmo
- Department of Engineering, Universitá degli Studi del Sannio, Benevento, Italy
| | - Gabriele Turacchio
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Marinella Pirozzi
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy
| | - Sang Geon Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Petra Henklein
- Institut fur Biochemie, Charite Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jorge Cancino
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Lota 2465, Santiago 7510157, Chile
| | | | - Dario Diviani
- Université de Lausanne, Département de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Rue du Bugnon 27, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francesca Fanelli
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Michele Sallese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences and CeSI-MeT, Center for Research on Ageing and Translational Medicine, "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry (IBP), Italian National Research Council (CNR), Napoli, Italy.
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20
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Wilkinson S. Emerging Principles of Selective ER Autophagy. J Mol Biol 2020; 432:185-205. [PMID: 31100386 PMCID: PMC6971691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2019.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a fundamental organelle in cellular metabolism and signal transduction. It is subject to complex, dynamic sculpting of morphology and composition. Degradation of ER content has an important role to play here. Indeed, a major emerging player in ER turnover is ER-phagy, the degradation of ER fragments by selective autophagy, particularly macroautophagy. This article proposes a number of unifying principles of ER-phagy mechanism and compares these with other selective autophagy pathways. A perspective on the likely roles of ER-phagy in determining cell fate is provided. Emerging related forms of intracellular catabolism of the ER or contents, including ER-phagy by microautophagy and selective ER protein removal via the lysosome, are outlined for comparison. Unresolved questions regarding the mechanism of ER-phagy and its significance in cellular and organismal health are put forward. This review concludes with a perspective on how this fundamental knowledge might inform future clinical developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wilkinson
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, EH4 2XR, United Kingdom
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21
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Ye L, Mueller O, Bagwell J, Bagnat M, Liddle RA, Rawls JF. High fat diet induces microbiota-dependent silencing of enteroendocrine cells. eLife 2019; 8:48479. [PMID: 31793875 PMCID: PMC6937151 DOI: 10.7554/elife.48479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are specialized sensory cells in the intestinal epithelium that sense and transduce nutrient information. Consumption of dietary fat contributes to metabolic disorders, but EEC adaptations to high fat feeding were unknown. Here, we established a new experimental system to directly investigate EEC activity in vivo using a zebrafish reporter of EEC calcium signaling. Our results reveal that high fat feeding alters EEC morphology and converts them into a nutrient insensitive state that is coupled to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We called this novel adaptation 'EEC silencing'. Gnotobiotic studies revealed that germ-free zebrafish are resistant to high fat diet induced EEC silencing. High fat feeding altered gut microbiota composition including enrichment of Acinetobacter bacteria, and we identified an Acinetobacter strain sufficient to induce EEC silencing. These results establish a new mechanism by which dietary fat and gut microbiota modulate EEC nutrient sensing and signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Olaf Mueller
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Jennifer Bagwell
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Michel Bagnat
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - Rodger A Liddle
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
| | - John F Rawls
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, United States
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22
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Calcium signalling in mammalian cell lines expressing wild type and mutant human α1-Antitrypsin. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17293. [PMID: 31754242 PMCID: PMC6872872 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A possible role for calcium signalling in the autosomal dominant form of dementia, familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies (FENIB), has been proposed, which may point towards a mechanism by which cells could sense and respond to the accumulation of mutant serpin polymers in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We therefore explored possible defects in Ca2+-signalling, which may contribute to the pathology associated with another serpinopathy, α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency. Using CHO K1 cell lines stably expressing a wild type human AAT (MAAT) and a disease-causing polymer-forming variant (ZAAT) and the truncated variant (NHK AAT), we measured basal intracellular free Ca2+, its responses to thapsigargin (TG), an ER Ca2+-ATPase blocker, and store-operated Ca2+-entry (SOCE). Our fura2 based Ca2+ measurements detected no differences between these 3 parameters in cell lines expressing MAAT and cell lines expressing ZAAT and NHK AAT mutants. Thus, in our cell-based models of α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, unlike the case for FENIB, we were unable to detect defects in calcium signalling.
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23
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Carlin CR. New Insights to Adenovirus-Directed Innate Immunity in Respiratory Epithelial Cells. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7080216. [PMID: 31349602 PMCID: PMC6723309 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7080216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB) family of transcription factors is a key component of the host innate immune response to infectious adenoviruses and adenovirus vectors. In this review, we will discuss a regulatory adenoviral protein encoded by early region 3 (E3) called E3-RIDα, which targets NFκB through subversion of novel host cell pathways. E3-RIDα down-regulates an EGF receptor signaling pathway, which overrides NFκB negative feedback control in the nucleus, and is induced by cell stress associated with viral infection and exposure to the pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. E3-RIDα also modulates NFκB signaling downstream of the lipopolysaccharide receptor, Toll-like receptor 4, through formation of membrane contact sites controlling cholesterol levels in endosomes. These innate immune evasion tactics have yielded unique perspectives regarding the potential physiological functions of host cell pathways with important roles in infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen R Carlin
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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24
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Wilkinson S. ER-phagy: shaping up and destressing the endoplasmic reticulum. FEBS J 2019; 286:2645-2663. [PMID: 31116513 PMCID: PMC6772018 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network has central roles in metabolism and cellular organization. The ER undergoes dynamic alterations in morphology, molecular composition and functional specification. Remodelling of the network under fluctuating conditions enables the continual performance of ER functions and minimizes stress. Recent data have revealed that selective autophagy‐mediated degradation of ER fragments, or ER‐phagy, fundamentally contributes to this remodelling. This review provides a perspective on established views of selective autophagy, comparing these with emerging mechanisms of ER‐phagy and related processes. The text discusses the impact of ER‐phagy on the function of the ER‐ and the cell, both in normal physiology and when dysregulated within disease settings. Finally, unanswered questions regarding the mechanisms and significance of ER‐phagy are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Wilkinson
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, UK
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25
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Mahli A, Seitz T, Beckröge T, Freese K, Thasler WE, Benkert M, Dietrich P, Weiskirchen R, Bosserhoff A, Hellerbrand C. Bone Morphogenetic Protein-8B Expression is Induced in Steatotic Hepatocytes and Promotes Hepatic Steatosis and Inflammation In Vitro. Cells 2019; 8:cells8050457. [PMID: 31096638 PMCID: PMC6562647 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered to be the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The bone morphogenetic protein-8B (BMP8B) has been shown to be expressed in brown adipose tissues and the hypothalamus and to affect thermogenesis and susceptibility to diet-induced obesity. Here, we aimed to analyze BMP8B expression in NAFLD and to gain insight into BMP8B effects on pathophysiological steps of NAFLD progression. BMP8B mRNA and protein expression were dose-dependently induced in primary human hepatocytes in vitro upon incubation with fatty acids. Furthermore, hepatic BMP8B expression was significantly increased in a murine NAFLD model and in NAFLD patients compared with controls. Incubation with recombinant BMP8B further enhanced the fatty acid-induced cellular lipid accumulation as well as NFκB activation and pro-inflammatory gene expression in hepatocytes, while siRNA-mediated BMP8B depletion ameliorated these fatty acid-induced effects. Analysis of the expression of key factors of hepatocellular lipid transport and metabolisms indicated that BMP8B effects on fatty acid uptake as well as de novo lipogenesis contributed to hepatocellular accumulation of fatty acids leading to increased storage in the form of triglycerides and enhanced combustion by beta oxidation. In conclusion, our data indicate that BMP8B enhances different pathophysiological steps of NAFLD progression and suggest BMP8B as a promising prognostic marker and therapeutic target for NAFLD and, potentially, also for other chronic liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdo Mahli
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Tatjana Seitz
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Beckröge
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Kim Freese
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | | | - Matthias Benkert
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Peter Dietrich
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Ralf Weiskirchen
- Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry (IFMPEGKC), RWTH University Hospital Aachen, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.
| | - Anja Bosserhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Claus Hellerbrand
- Institute of Biochemistry (Emil-Fischer Zentrum), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany.
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26
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Ralston SH, Taylor JP. Rare Inherited forms of Paget's Disease and Related Syndromes. Calcif Tissue Int 2019; 104:501-516. [PMID: 30756140 PMCID: PMC6779132 DOI: 10.1007/s00223-019-00520-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Several rare inherited disorders have been described that show phenotypic overlap with Paget's disease of bone (PDB) and in which PDB is a component of a multisystem disorder affecting muscle and the central nervous system. These conditions are the subject of this review article. Insertion mutations within exon 1 of the TNFRSF11A gene, encoding the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANK), cause severe PDB-like disorders including familial expansile osteolysis, early-onset familial PDB and expansile skeletal hyperphosphatasia. The mutations interfere with normal processing of RANK and cause osteoclast activation through activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) independent of RANK ligand stimulation. Recessive, loss-of-function mutations in the TNFRSF11B gene, which encodes osteoprotegerin, cause juvenile PDB and here the bone disease is due to unopposed activation of RANK by RANKL. Multisystem proteinopathy is a disorder characterised by myopathy and neurodegeneration in which PDB is often an integral component. It may be caused by mutations in several genes including VCP, HNRNPA1, HNRNPA2B1, SQSTM1, MATR3, and TIA1, some of which are involved in classical PDB. The mechanisms of osteoclast activation in these conditions are less clear but may involve NFκB activation through sequestration of IκB. The evidence base for management of these disorders is somewhat limited due to the fact they are extremely rare. Bisphosphonates have been successfully used to gain control of elevated bone remodelling but as yet, no effective treatment exists for the treatment of the muscle and neurological manifestations of MSP syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart H Ralston
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, UK.
| | - J Paul Taylor
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, St Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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27
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Li Q, Song WJ, Ryu MO, Nam A, An JH, Ahn JO, Bhang DH, Jung YC, Youn HY. TSG-6 secreted by human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis via ER stress downregulation in mice. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:255. [PMID: 30257717 PMCID: PMC6158864 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-1009-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Through recent studies, the onset of acute pancreatitis in pancreatic acinar cells (PACs) and the regulatory role of PACs in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) have been revealed. During the early stages of pancreatitis, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in PACs undergoes significant changes, including swelling and vacuolization. In response to an increase in the extracellular stress in ER, PACs lose their functions, leading to cell apoptosis and inflammation response. The beneficial effects of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAT-MSCs) on SAP have been well documented in previous studies. However, the underlying mechanism of their action remains controversial. Methods In this study, the therapeutic effects of intraperitoneally administered hAT-MSCs in a caerulein (50 μg/kg)- and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 mg/kg)-co-induced SAP mouse model were evaluated. Inflammatory response and ER stress were measured in pancreatic tissue samples, and the beneficial effects were evaluated through quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunofluorescence analysis. Results Inflammatory response and ER stress were ameliorated following hAT-MSC injection, and the beneficial effects were observed in the absence of significant engraftment of hAT-MSCs. hAT-MSCs transfected with siRNA-targeting tumour necrosis factor-α-induced gene/protein 6 (TSG-6) were unable to inhibit ER stress and inflammation. In addition, TSG-6 from hAT-MSCs significantly suppressed ER stress-induced apoptosis and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity in SAP model mice. Conclusions TSG-6 secreted by hAT-MSCs protects PACs in SAP model mice via the inhibition of ER stress, as well as inflammatory responses. This study has revealed a new area for ER stress-targeted therapy in SAP patients. Graphical abstract ![]()
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13287-018-1009-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Song
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Ok Ryu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Aryung Nam
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ju-Hyun An
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ok Ahn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ha Bhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea.,BK21Plus program for 21st Century Biomedical Science Leader Development, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Chan Jung
- Chaon, A-301-3, 240, Pangyoyeok-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa-Young Youn
- Laboratory of Veterinary Internal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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28
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Kuscuoglu D, Janciauskiene S, Hamesch K, Haybaeck J, Trautwein C, Strnad P. Liver - master and servant of serum proteome. J Hepatol 2018; 69:512-524. [PMID: 29709680 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocytes synthesise the majority of serum proteins. This production occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is adjusted by complex local and systemic regulatory mechanisms. Accordingly, serum levels of hepatocyte-made proteins constitute important biomarkers that reflect both systemic processes and the status of the liver. For example, C-reactive protein is an established marker of inflammatory reaction, whereas transferrin emerges as a liver stress marker and an attractive mortality predictor. The high protein flow through the ER poses a continuous challenge that is handled by a complex proteostatic network consisting of ER folding machinery, ER stress response, ER-associated degradation and autophagy. Various disorders disrupt this delicate balance and result in protein accumulation in the ER. These include chronic hepatitis B infection with overproduction of hepatitis B surface antigen or inherited alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency that give rise to ground glass hepatocytes and alpha1-antitrypsin aggregates, respectively. We review these ER storage disorders and their downstream consequences. The interaction between proteotoxic stress and other ER challenges such as lipotoxicity is also discussed. Collectively, this article aims to sharpen our view of liver hepatocytes as the central hubs of protein metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Kuscuoglu
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; The Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabina Janciauskiene
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hannover Medical School, BREATH, German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany
| | - Karim Hamesch
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christian Trautwein
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Pavel Strnad
- Medical Clinic III, Gastroenterology, Metabolic Diseases and Intensive Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; The Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
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29
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Spanu F, Saba L. Obesity and pericallosal lipoma in X-linked emery-dreifuss muscular dystrophy: A case report - Does Emerin play a role in adipocyte differentiation? World J Radiol 2018; 10:78-82. [PMID: 30079154 PMCID: PMC6068725 DOI: 10.4329/wjr.v10.i7.78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emery dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a rare genetic syndrome consisting of tendon retractions, progressive muscle atrophy and cardiac involvement. We report a case of an obese patient affected by the familial X-linked form in which a pericallosal lipoma was found during investigation for a suspected acute vasculopathy. To date, EDMD has never been associated with cerebral lipomas and the X-linked form was never considered to be involved in lipodystrophic syndromes or non-muscular conditions. Our case confirms the variable expressivity of the disease and suggests a possible role of Emerin in the intranuclear regulation of signals for adipocyte cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Spanu
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari 09045, Italy
| | - Luca Saba
- Department of Radiology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria, Cagliari 09045, Italy
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30
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Ramezani A, Nahad MP, Faghihloo E. The role of Nrf2 transcription factor in viral infection. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:6366-6382. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ramezani
- Virology DepartmentSchool of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
- Hepatitis Research CenterBirjand University of Medical SciencesBirjandIran
| | - Mehdi Parsa Nahad
- Virology DepartmentSchool of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran
| | - Ebrahim Faghihloo
- Department of MicrobiologySchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
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31
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Manalo RVM, Medina PMB. The endoplasmic reticulum stress response in disease pathogenesis and pathophysiology. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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32
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Korbelik M. Role of cell stress signaling networks in cancer cell death and antitumor immune response following proteotoxic injury inflicted by photodynamic therapy. Lasers Surg Med 2018; 50:491-498. [DOI: 10.1002/lsm.22810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Korbelik
- Department of Integrative OncologyBritish Columbia Cancer Agency VancouverBritish ColumbiaCanada
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33
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Onitsuka M, Kinoshita Y, Nishizawa A, Tsutsui T, Omasa T. Enhanced IgG1 production by overexpression of nuclear factor kappa B inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ) in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Cytotechnology 2017; 70:675-685. [PMID: 29188404 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-017-0170-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Several engineering strategies have been employed to improve the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines. We have focused on unfolded protein response-based engineering and reported that ATF4 overexpression increases protein production. In this study, transcriptome analysis of ATF4-overexpressed CHO cells was performed using high-coverage expression profiling, to search for another key factor contributing to recombinant protein production. We observed the upregulated expression of transcription factor, nuclear factor (NF)-kappa-B inhibitor zeta (NFKBIZ or Iκbζ), in ATF4-overexpressed cells. A total of 1917 bp of CHO NFKBIZ cDNA was cloned, and two stable cell lines overexpressing NFKBIZ were constructed. We investigated the effects of NFKBIZ on IgG1 production in CHO cells. Although the two stable cell lines, NFKBIZ-A and -B, had the opposite phenotypes in cell growth, the specific IgG1 production rate of both cell lines was enhanced by 1.2-1.4-fold. In the NFKBIZ-A cell line, the synergistic effect between enhanced viable cell density and improved specific IgG1 production rate brought about a large increase in the final IgG1 titer. Luciferase-based NF-κB signaling assay results suggest that altered p50/p50 signaling seems to be due to the opposite phenotypes in cell growth. No difference was observed in the translational levels and intracellular assembly states of IgG1 between mock and two NFKBIZ cell lines, indicating that the secretion machinery of correctly folded IgG1 was enhanced in NFKBIZ-overexpressing cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Onitsuka
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Minamijosanjima-cho 2-1, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.
| | - Yukie Kinoshita
- Institute of Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Nishizawa
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomomi Tsutsui
- Institute of Technology and Science, Tokushima University, 2-1, Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan
| | - Takeshi Omasa
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, Tokushima University, Minamijosanjima-cho 2-1, Tokushima, 770-8513, Japan.,Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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34
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Sano D, Tazawa M, Inaba M, Kadoya S, Watanabe R, Miura T, Kitajima M, Okabe S. Selection of cellular genetic markers for the detection of infectious poliovirus. J Appl Microbiol 2017; 124:1001-1007. [PMID: 29078036 DOI: 10.1111/jam.13621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Cellular responses of an established cell line from human intestinal epithelial cells (INT-407 cells) against poliovirus (PV) infections were investigated in order to find cellular genetic markers for infectious PV detection. METHODS AND RESULTS Gene expression profile of INT-407 cells was analysed by DNA microarray technique when cells were infected with poliovirus 1 (PV1) (sabin) at multiplicity of infection of 10-3 and incubated for 12 h. Poliovirus infection significantly altered the gene expressions of two ion channels, KCNJ4 and SCN7A. The expression profile of KCNJ4 gene was further investigated by real-time RT-qPCR, and it was found that KCNJ4 gene was significantly regulated at 24 h postinfection of PV1. CONCLUSIONS KCNJ4 gene, coding a potassium channel protein, is proposed as a cellular genetic marker for infectious PV detection. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first study to show the availability of cellular responses to detect infectious PV. The selection of cellular genetic markers for infectious viruses using DNA microarray and RT-qPCR can be applicable for the other enteric viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Sano
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - M Tazawa
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - M Inaba
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - S Kadoya
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - R Watanabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - T Miura
- Department of Environmental Health, National Institute of Public Health, Saitama, Japan
| | - M Kitajima
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - S Okabe
- Division of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a fatal neurodegenerative disorder that has no known cure, nor is there a clear mechanistic understanding of the disease process itself. Although amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and cognitive decline are late-stage markers of the disease, it is unclear how they are initially generated, and if they represent a cause, effect, or end phase in the pathology process. Recent studies in AD models have identified marked dysregulations in calcium signaling and related downstream pathways, which occur long before the diagnostic histopathological or cognitive changes. Under normal conditions, intracellular calcium signals are coupled to effectors that maintain a healthy physiological state. Consequently, sustained up-regulation of calcium may have pathophysiological consequences. Indeed, upon reviewing the current body of literature, increased calcium levels are functionally linked to the major features and risk factors of AD: ApoE4 expression, presenilin and APP mutations, beta amyloid plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau, apoptosis, and synaptic dysfunction. In turn, the histopathological features of AD, once formed, are capable of further increasing calcium levels, leading to a rapid feed-forward acceleration once the disease process has taken hold. The views proposed here consider that AD pathogenesis reflects long-term calcium dysregulations that ultimately serve an enabling role in the disease process. Therefore, “Calcinists” do not necessarily reject βAptist or Tauist doctrine, but rather believe that their genesis is associated with earlier calcium signaling dysregulations. NEUROSCIENTIST 13(5):546—559, 2007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Stutzmann
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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Critical role of XBP1 in cancer signalling is regulated by PIN1. Biochem J 2016; 473:2603-10. [PMID: 27334111 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20160482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
XBP1 (X-box-binding protein 1) is activated in cancer and has a pivotal role in tumorigenesis and progression of human cancer. In particular, the XBP1 transcriptional regulatory network is well known to drive cancer development, but little is known about whether the stability of XBP1 is regulated and, if so, what controls the stability of XBP1. In the present study we show that PIN1 prolyl isomerase interacts with the active form of XBP1 (XBP1s) in a phosphorylation-dependent manner and promotes XBP1s-induced cell proliferation and transformation through the regulation of XBP1 stability. By contrast, depletion of Pin1 in cancer cells reduced XBP1s expression, which subsequently inhibits cell proliferation and transformation. Interestingly, XBP1s activates multiple oncogenic pathways including NF-κB (nuclear factor κB), AP1 (activator protein 1) and Myc, and down-regulates PIN1 transcription via a negative-feedback mechanism through p53 induction. Ultimately, reciprocal regulation of Pin1 and XBP1s is associated with the activation of oncogenic pathways, and the relationship of PIN1 and XBP1 may be an attractive target for novel therapy in cancers.
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Phelps M, Stuelsatz P, Yablonka-Reuveni Z. Expression profile and overexpression outcome indicate a role for βKlotho in skeletal muscle fibro/adipogenesis. FEBS J 2016; 283:1653-68. [PMID: 26881702 DOI: 10.1111/febs.13682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Regeneration of skeletal muscles is required throughout life to ensure optimal performance. Therefore, a better understanding of the resident cells involved in muscle repair is essential. Muscle repair relies on satellite cells (SCs), the resident myogenic progenitors, but also involves the contribution of interstitial cells including fibro/adipocyte progenitors (FAPs). To elucidate the role of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signaling in these two cell populations, we previously analyzed freshly isolated cells for their FGF receptor (FGFR) signature. Transcript analysis of the four Fgfr genes revealed distinct expression profiles for SCs and FAPs, raising the possibility that these two cell types have different FGF-mediated processes. Here, we pursued this hypothesis exploring the role of the Klotho genes, whose products are known to function as FGFR co-receptors for the endocrine FGF subfamily. Isolated SC and FAP populations were analyzed in culture, exhibiting spontaneous myogenic or adipogenic differentiation, respectively. αKlotho expression was not detected in either population. βKlotho expression, while not detected in SCs, was strongly upregulated in FAPs entering adipogenic differentiation, coinciding with expression of a panel of adipogenic genes and preceding the appearance of intracellular lipid droplets. Overexpression of βKlotho in mouse cell line models enhanced adipogenesis in NIH3T3 fibroblasts but had no effect on C2C12 myogenic cells. Our study supports a pro-adipogenic role for βKlotho in skeletal muscle fibro/adipogenesis and calls for further research on involvement of the FGF-FGFR-βKlotho axis in the fibro/adipogenic infiltration associated with functional deterioration of skeletal muscle in aging and muscular dystrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Phelps
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Pascal Stuelsatz
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Zipora Yablonka-Reuveni
- Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA
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Terhzaz S, Cabrero P, Brinzer RA, Halberg KA, Dow JAT, Davies SA. A novel role of Drosophila cytochrome P450-4e3 in permethrin insecticide tolerance. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 67:38-46. [PMID: 26073628 PMCID: PMC4673087 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Revised: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The exposure of insects to xenobiotics, such as insecticides, triggers a complex defence response necessary for survival. This response includes the induction of genes that encode key Cytochrome P450 monooxygenase detoxification enzymes. Drosophila melanogaster Malpighian (renal) tubules are critical organs in the detoxification and elimination of these foreign compounds, so the tubule response induced by dietary exposure to the insecticide permethrin was examined. We found that expression of the gene encoding Cytochrome P450-4e3 (Cyp4e3) is significantly up-regulated by Drosophila fed on permethrin and that manipulation of Cyp4e3 levels, specifically in the principal cells of the Malpighian tubules, impacts significantly on the survival of permethrin-fed flies. Both dietary exposure to permethrin and Cyp4e3 knockdown cause a significant elevation of oxidative stress-associated markers in the tubules, including H2O2 and lipid peroxidation byproduct, HNE (4-hydroxynonenal). Thus, Cyp4e3 may play an important role in regulating H2O2 levels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) where it resides, and its absence triggers a JAK/STAT and NF-κB-mediated stress response, similar to that observed in cells under ER stress. This work increases our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of insecticide detoxification and provides further evidence of the oxidative stress responses induced by permethrin metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Terhzaz
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom.
| | - Pablo Cabrero
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Robert A Brinzer
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth A Halberg
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Julian A T Dow
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Shireen-A Davies
- Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Bosch ME, Kielian T. Neuroinflammatory paradigms in lysosomal storage diseases. Front Neurosci 2015; 9:417. [PMID: 26578874 PMCID: PMC4627351 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2015.00417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) include approximately 70 distinct disorders that collectively account for 14% of all inherited metabolic diseases. LSDs are caused by mutations in various enzymes/proteins that disrupt lysosomal function, which impairs macromolecule degradation following endosome-lysosome and phagosome-lysosome fusion and autophagy, ultimately disrupting cellular homeostasis. LSDs are pathologically typified by lysosomal inclusions composed of a heterogeneous mixture of various proteins and lipids that can be found throughout the body. However, in many cases the CNS is dramatically affected, which may result from heightened neuronal vulnerability based on their post-mitotic state. Besides intrinsic neuronal defects, another emerging factor common to many LSDs is neuroinflammation, which may negatively impact neuronal survival and contribute to neurodegeneration. Microglial and astrocyte activation is a hallmark of many LSDs that affect the CNS, which often precedes and predicts regions where eventual neuron loss will occur. However, the timing, intensity, and duration of neuroinflammation may ultimately dictate the impact on CNS homeostasis. For example, a transient inflammatory response following CNS insult/injury can be neuroprotective, as glial cells attempt to remove the insult and provide trophic support to neurons. However, chronic inflammation, as seen in several LSDs, can promote neurodegeneration by creating a neurotoxic environment due to elevated levels of cytokines, chemokines, and pro-apoptotic molecules. Although neuroinflammation has been reported in several LSDs, the cellular basis and mechanisms responsible for eliciting neuroinflammatory pathways are just beginning to be defined. This review highlights the role of neuroinflammation in select LSDs and its potential contribution to neuron loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E. Bosch
- Departments of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE, USA
| | - Tammy Kielian
- Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmaha, NE, USA
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40
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Cai X, Chen L, McGinnis JF. Correlation of ER stress and retinal degeneration in tubby mice. Exp Eye Res 2015; 140:130-138. [PMID: 26325328 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2015.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Revised: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mutation of the Tub gene results in the mislocalization of photoreceptor-specific proteins and eventually retinal degeneration. However, the exact mechanism underlying the retinal degeneration remains largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers, IRE1, ATF6, eIF2α, GRP78/BiP, and XBP-1, is up regulated during tubby retinal development. The dynamics of the expression of these genes are time-dependent and coincided with the time-course of photoreceptor death. Our data also demonstrated that ER stress triggers apoptosis via down-regulation of Bcl2, up-regulation of CHOP and the activation of NF-кB signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Cai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States
| | - James F McGinnis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dean McGee Eye Institute, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States; Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, United States.
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41
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Gupta RK, Prasad S. Age-Dependent Alterations in the Interactions of NF-κB and N-myc with GLT-1/EAAT2 Promoter in the Pericontusional Cortex of Mice Subjected to Traumatic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3377-3388. [PMID: 26081154 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9287-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the major risk factors of dementia, aging, and cognitive impairments, etc. We have previously reported that expression of the astrocytic glutamate transporter GLT-1/EAAT2 is downregulated in the pericontusional cortex of adult and old mice in post-TBI time-dependent manner, and the process of decline starts before in old than in adult TBI mice. However, relationship between age- and TBI-dependent alterations in GLT-1/EAAT2 expression and interactions of transcription factors NF-κB and N-myc with their cognate GLT-1/EAAT2 promoter sequences, an important step of its transcriptional control, is not known. To understand this, we developed TBI mouse model by modified chronic head injury (CHI) method, analyzed expression of GFAP, TNF-α, and AQP4 by RT-PCR for its validation, and analyzed interactions of NF-κB and N-myc with GLT-1/EAAT2 promoter sequences by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA). Our EMSA data revealed that interactions of NF-κB and N-myc with GLT-1/EAAT2 promoter sequences was significantly elevated in the ipsi-lateral cortex of both adult and old TBI mice in post-TBI time-dependent manner; however, these interactions started immediately in the old compared to that in adult TBI mice, which could be attributed to our previously reported age- and post-TBI time-dependent differential expression of GLT-1/EAAT2 in the pericontusional cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajaneesh K Gupta
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India
| | - S Prasad
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, UP, India.
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42
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BRIGGS MICHAELD, BELL PETERA, PIROG KATARZYNAA. The utility of mouse models to provide information regarding the pathomolecular mechanisms in human genetic skeletal diseases: The emerging role of endoplasmic reticulum stress (Review). Int J Mol Med 2015; 35:1483-92. [PMID: 25824717 PMCID: PMC4432922 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic skeletal diseases (GSDs) are an extremely diverse and complex group of rare genetic diseases that primarily affect the development and homeostasis of the osseous skeleton. There are more than 450 unique and well-characterised phenotypes that range in severity from relatively mild to severe and lethal forms. Although individually rare, as a group of related genetic diseases, GSDs have an overall prevalence of at least 1 per 4,000 children. Qualitative defects in cartilage structural proteins result in a broad spectrum of both recessive and dominant GSDs. This review focused on a disease spectrum resulting from mutations in the non-collagenous glycoproteins, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrilin-3, which together cause a continuum of phenotypes that are amongst the most common autosomal dominant GSDs. Pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) and autosomal dominant multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) comprise a disease spectrum characterised by varying degrees of disproportionate short stature, joint pain and stiffness and early-onset osteoarthritis. Over the past decade, the generation and deep phenotyping of a range of genetic mouse models of the PSACH and MED disease spectrum has allowed the disease mechanisms to be characterised in detail. Moreover, the generation of novel phenocopies to model specific disease mechanisms has confirmed the importance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reduced chondrocyte proliferation as key modulators of growth plate dysplasia and reduced bone growth. Finally, new insight into related musculoskeletal complications (such as myopathy and tendinopathy) has also been gained through the in-depth analysis of targeted mouse models of the PSACH-MED disease spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- MICHAEL D. BRIGGS
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - PETER A. BELL
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - KATARZYNA A. PIROG
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Xiao F, Tan JZ, Xu XY, Wang XF. Increased levels of HSPA5 in the serum of patients with inflammatory myopathies--preliminary findings. Clin Rheumatol 2015; 34:715-20. [PMID: 25750184 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-015-2911-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of myositis recently. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum concentration of an ER stress-specific chaperone protein HSPA5 in patients with inflammatory myopathies. Forty-five patients (27 with polymyositis (PM) and 18 with dermatomyositis (DM)) were included in the study, and all received prednisone therapy. Serum samples were collected from each patient before and after prednisone treatment. Serum HSPA5 levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The serum level of HSPA5 was significantly higher in myositis patients than in controls. In addition, the concentrations in the DM subgroup were significantly higher than in the PM groups. Serum HSPA5 levels were positively correlated with creatine kinase (CK) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in PM patients. In patients with DM, the serum HSPA5 concentrations were also found significantly correlated with CK, but not with CRP. After prednisone treatment, serum HSPA5 levels significantly decreased compared to baseline in steroid responders, but no marked decrease was observed in steroid non-responders. Serum HSPA5 is increased in patients with DM and PM. Increased concentrations of HSPA5 in serum may reflect the enhanced ER stress in muscle tissue. Decrease in serum HSPA5 levels appears in patients with clinical remission; therefore, HSPA5 may be a potential biomarker for inflammatory myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xiao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Neurology, 1st You Yi Road, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Zhong W, Qin S, Zhu B, Pu M, Liu F, Wang L, Ye G, Yi Q, Yan D. Oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 8 (ORP8) increases sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma cells to Fas-mediated apoptosis. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8876-87. [PMID: 25596532 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.610188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hepatoma (HCC) has been reported to be strongly resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. In this study the function of oxysterol-binding protein-related protein 8 (ORP8) in human hepatoma cells apoptosis was assessed. We found that ORP8 is down-regulated, whereas miR-143, which controls ORP8 expression, is up-regulated in clinical HCC tissues as compared with liver tissue from healthy subjects. ORP8 overexpression triggered apoptosis in primary HCC cells and cell lines, which coincided with a relocation of cytoplasmic Fas to the cell plasma membrane and FasL up-regulation. Co-culture of HepG2 cells or primary HCC cells with Jurkat T-cells or T-cells, respectively, provided further evidence that ORP8 increases HCC cell sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis. ORP8-induced Fas translocation is p53-dependent, and FasL was induced upon ORP8 overexpression via the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. Moreover, ORP8 overexpression and miR-143 inhibition markedly inhibited tumor growth in a HepG2 cell xenograft model. These results indicate that ORP8 induces HCC cell apoptosis through the Fas/FasL pathway. The role of ORP8 in Fas translocation to the plasma membrane and its down-regulation by miR-143 offer a putative mechanistic explanation for HCC resistance to apoptosis. ORP8 may be a potential target for HCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhong
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shengying Qin
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Biying Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Miaoshui Pu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Guangzhou General Hospital, Guangzhou 510010, China, and
| | - Fupei Liu
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lin Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Guilin Ye
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195
| | - Daoguang Yan
- From the Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes and Department of Biotechnology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China,
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Lai KY, Ng WYG, Cheng FF. Human Ebola virus infection in West Africa: a review of available therapeutic agents that target different steps of the life cycle of Ebola virus. Infect Dis Poverty 2014; 3:43. [PMID: 25699183 PMCID: PMC4334593 DOI: 10.1186/2049-9957-3-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreak of the human Zaire ebolavirus (EBOV) epidemic is spiraling out of control in West Africa. Human EBOV hemorrhagic fever has a case fatality rate of up to 90%. The EBOV is classified as a biosafety level 4 pathogen and is considered a category A agent of bioterrorism by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, with no approved therapies and vaccines available for its treatment apart from supportive care. Although several promising therapeutic agents and vaccines against EBOV are undergoing the Phase I human trial, the current epidemic might be outpacing the speed at which drugs and vaccines can be produced. Like all viruses, the EBOV largely relies on host cell factors and physiological processes for its entry, replication, and egress. We have reviewed currently available therapeutic agents that have been shown to be effective in suppressing the proliferation of the EBOV in cell cultures or animal studies. Most of the therapeutic agents in this review are directed against non-mutable targets of the host, which is independent of viral mutation. These medications are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of other diseases. They are available and stockpileable for immediate use. They may also have a complementary role to those therapeutic agents under development that are directed against the mutable targets of the EBOV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Yiu Lai
- />Department of Intensive Care, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, HKSAR, B6, 30 Gascoigne Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wing Yiu George Ng
- />Department of Intensive Care, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, HKSAR, B6, 30 Gascoigne Rd, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Fan Fanny Cheng
- />Department of Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, HKSAR, Kowloon, Hong Kong SARChina
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Yamamoto S, Yamazaki T, Komazaki S, Yamashita T, Osaki M, Matsubayashi M, Kidoya H, Takakura N, Yamazaki D, Kakizawa S. Contribution of calumin to embryogenesis through participation in the endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation activity. Dev Biol 2014; 393:33-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2014.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 06/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Govindaraju S, Lee BS. Krüppel -like factor 8 is a stress-responsive transcription factor that regulates expression of HuR. Cell Physiol Biochem 2014; 34:519-32. [PMID: 25116351 DOI: 10.1159/000363019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS HuR is an RNA-binding protein that regulates the post-transcriptional life of thousands of cellular mRNAs and promotes cell survival. HuR is expressed as two mRNA transcripts that are differentially regulated by cell stress. The goal of this study is to define factors that promote transcription of the longer alternate form. METHODS Effects of transcription factors on HuR expression were determined by inhibition or overexpression of these factors followed by competitive RT-PCR, gel mobility shift, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. Transcription factor expression patterns were identified through competitive RT-PCR and Western analysis. Stress responses were assayed in thapsigargin-treated proximal tubule cells and in ischemic rat kidney. RESULTS A previously described NF-κB site and a newly identified Sp/KLF factor binding site were shown to be important for transcription of the long HuR mRNA. KLF8, but not Sp1, was shown to bind this site and increase HuR mRNA levels. Cellular stress in cultured or native proximal tubule cells resulted in a rapid decrease of KLF8 levels that paralleled those of the long HuR mRNA variant. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that KLF8 can participate in regulating expression of alternate forms of HuR mRNA along with NF-κB and other factors, depending on cellular contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Govindaraju
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine and Ohio State Biochemistry Program, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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Chaudhari N, Talwar P, Parimisetty A, Lefebvre d'Hellencourt C, Ravanan P. A molecular web: endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:213. [PMID: 25120434 PMCID: PMC4114208 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 429] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Execution of fundamental cellular functions demands regulated protein folding homeostasis. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an active organelle existing to implement this function by folding and modifying secretory and membrane proteins. Loss of protein folding homeostasis is central to various diseases and budding evidences suggest ER stress as being a major contributor in the development or pathology of a diseased state besides other cellular stresses. The trigger for diseases may be diverse but, inflammation and/or ER stress may be basic mechanisms increasing the severity or complicating the condition of the disease. Chronic ER stress and activation of the unfolded-protein response (UPR) through endogenous or exogenous insults may result in impaired calcium and redox homeostasis, oxidative stress via protein overload thereby also influencing vital mitochondrial functions. Calcium released from the ER augments the production of mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). Toxic accumulation of ROS within ER and mitochondria disturbs fundamental organelle functions. Sustained ER stress is known to potentially elicit inflammatory responses via UPR pathways. Additionally, ROS generated through inflammation or mitochondrial dysfunction could accelerate ER malfunction. Dysfunctional UPR pathways have been associated with a wide range of diseases including several neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, metabolic disorders, cancer, inflammatory disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and others. In this review, we have discussed the UPR signaling pathways, and networking between ER stress-induced inflammatory pathways, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial signaling events, which further induce or exacerbate ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namrata Chaudhari
- Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University , Vellore , India
| | - Priti Talwar
- Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University , Vellore , India
| | - Avinash Parimisetty
- Groupe d'Etude sur l'Inflammation Chronique et l'Obésité, EA 41516, Plateforme CYROI, Université de La Réunion , Saint Denis de La Réunion , France
| | - Christian Lefebvre d'Hellencourt
- Groupe d'Etude sur l'Inflammation Chronique et l'Obésité, EA 41516, Plateforme CYROI, Université de La Réunion , Saint Denis de La Réunion , France
| | - Palaniyandi Ravanan
- Apoptosis and Cell Death Research Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology University , Vellore , India
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Qiu W, Zhang S, Chen YG, Wang PH, Xu XP, Li CZ, Chen YH, Fan WZ, Yan H, Weng SP, FrancisChan S, He JG. Litopenaeus vannamei NF-κB is required for WSSV replication. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 45:156-162. [PMID: 24607287 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Many viruses can hijack the host cell NF-κB as part of their life cycle, diverting NF-κB immune regulatory functions to favor their replications. There were several reports on the functions of Litopenaeus vannamei NF-κB (LvNF-κB) in White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) replication in vitro. Here, we studied the relationship between LvNF-κB family protein Dorsal (LvDorsal) and Relish (LvRelish) with WSSV replication in vivo. The expressions of LvDorsal and LvRelish were significantly upregulated by WSSV challenge. Virus loads and expression of viral envelope protein VP28 in LvDorsal or LvRelish silencing shrimps were significantly lower than the control shrimps injected with EGFP-dsRNA or PBS after challenge with 1×10(5) copies WSSV/shrimp. In addition to the LvDorsal activation of WSV069 (ie1) and WSV303 promoter that we have reported, LvRelish can also activate WSV069 (ie1) and WSV303 promoter by dual luciferase reporter assays through screening 40 WSSV gene promoters that have putative multiple NF-κB binding sites. The promoter activity of the WSV069 (ie1) by LvDorsal activation was significantly higher than that by LvRelish activation. WSSV replication in LvDorsal, LvRelish or WSV303 silencing shrimps were significantly inhibited. These results indicate that the L. vannamei NF-κB family proteins LvDorsal and LvRelish expressions are significantly activated by WSSV challenge and WSSV replication partially relied on the activations of LvDorsal and LvRelish in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Qiu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yong-Gui Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Pei-Hui Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Xiao-Peng Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Chao-zheng Li
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Yi-Hong Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Wen-Zhou Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Shao-Ping Weng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China
| | | | - Jian-Guo He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Safety/State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Marine Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China; School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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Rigante D, Lopalco G, Vitale A, Lucherini OM, De Clemente C, Caso F, Emmi G, Costa L, Silvestri E, Andreozzi L, Iannone F, Galeazzi M, Cantarini L. Key facts and hot spots on tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 33:1197-207. [PMID: 24935411 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-014-2722-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS), formerly known as familial Hibernian fever, is the most common autosomal dominant autoinflammatory disease, resulting from mutations in the TNFRSF1A gene, encoding the 55-kD tumor necrosis factor receptor. The pathophysiologic mechanism of TRAPS remains ambiguous and only partially explained. The onset age of the syndrome is variable and the clinical scenery is characterized by recurrent episodes of high-grade fever that typically lasts 1-3 weeks, associated with migrating myalgia, pseudocellulitis, diffuse abdominal pain, appendicitis-like findings, ocular inflammatory signs, and risk of long-term amyloidosis. Fever episodes are responsive to high-dose corticosteroids, but different classes of drugs have been reported to be ineffective. The use of etanercept is unable to control systemic inflammation, while interleukin-1 blockade has been shown as effective in the control of disease activity in many patients reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donato Rigante
- Institute of Pediatrics, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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