Biaryl diacid inhibitors of human s-PLA2 with anti-inflammatory activity

Secreted phospholipase A2 type II is present in Paget's disease of bone and modulates osteoclastogenesis, apoptosis and bone resorption of human osteoclasts independently of its catalytic activity in vitro

OBJECTIVES

To study the role of secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) in the pathophysiology of human osteoclasts (OCs).

METHODS

Immunohistochemistry and sPLA2 inhibitors were to determine the localization of sPLA2 and its role in OCs biology.

RESULTS

sPLA2 is expressed by OCs from healthy fetal bone and OCs from Paget's disease but not in normal bone. Inhibition of sPLA2 greatly reduces in vitro osteoclastogenesis.

DISCUSSION

The decrease in OCs formed could be attributed to a decline in the viability of CD14(+) OC precursors as well as a reduced viability of mature OCs. Inhibition of sPLA2 strongly decreases bone resorption by OCs independently of actin cytoskeleton remodeling, probably also by reducing OCs viability.

CONCLUSION

High amounts of this enzyme are present in fetal and Pagetic bone samples. Inhibition of sPLA2in vitro decreases osteoclastogenesis and OC activity and might constitute an interesting pharmacologic target for diseases with high bone turnover.

Synthesis of some new s-alkylated 1,2,4-triazoles, their mannich bases and their biological activities

A series of 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[5-{(biphenyl-4-yloxy)methyl}4-(substituted phenyl)-3-mercapto-(4H)-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylthio)] ethanones (6a-6s) and 4-(substituted phenyl)-3-(morpholin/pyrrolidin-4-ylmethylthio)-5-(4-phenylphenoxymethyl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles (7a-7e) were synthesized in order to obtain new compounds with potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity with insignificant ulceration. Among the synthesized compounds, (6c), (6e), (6g) and (6l) from triazole series and (7b) and (7e) from Mannich base series were found to exhibit significant anti-inflammatory activity with 59.69, 59.69, 64.69, 79.84, 54.54, 79.69% and 52.55, 57.50, 72.52, 83.03, 60.06, 84.08% inhibition of paw edema at 3 h and 5 h respectively, in comparison to the standard drug ibuprofen (78.93 and 82.58% at 3 h and 5 h). The active compounds were further tested for their analgesic activity and gastric ulceration study. Compounds 6g, 7b and 7e exhibited significant analgesic activity with reaction time (3.60, 3.22, 3.88 s) respectively at 60 min. without causing any gastric irritation. These compounds were also screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activity, Compounds 6f, 6g, 6h, 6l, 6o, 6p, 7a, 7b and 7c showed significant zone of inhibition against various antimicrobial stains. It is concluded that the compounds 6g, 7b and 7e possess a good spectrum of activities. Compound 7e may be considered potent for development of better anti-inflammatory agent. The antimicrobial activity revealed that most of the compounds showed moderate to significant activity. Compounds containing nitro, chloro, bromo and fluoro group showing better activity. All the compounds from 7a, 7b and 7e were active against gram positive bacteria (S. aureus).