1
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Koike T. Development of Specific PET Tracers for Central Nervous System Drug Targets. J SYN ORG CHEM JPN 2022. [DOI: 10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.80.1044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuki Koike
- Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited
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2
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Fu H, Rong J, Chen Z, Zhou J, Collier T, Liang SH. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Imaging Tracers for Serotonin Receptors. J Med Chem 2022; 65:10755-10808. [PMID: 35939391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) and 5-HT receptors (5-HTRs) have crucial roles in various neuropsychiatric disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, making them attractive diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a noninvasive nuclear molecular imaging technique and is an essential tool in clinical diagnosis and drug discovery. In this context, numerous PET ligands have been developed for "visualizing" 5-HTRs in the brain and translated into human use to study disease mechanisms and/or support drug development. Herein, we present a comprehensive repertoire of 5-HTR PET ligands by focusing on their chemotypes and performance in PET imaging studies. Furthermore, this Perspective summarizes recent 5-HTR-focused drug discovery, including biased agonists and allosteric modulators, which would stimulate the development of more potent and subtype-selective 5-HTR PET ligands and thus further our understanding of 5-HTR biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hualong Fu
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jian Rong
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zhen Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Jingyin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Radiopharmaceuticals, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Thomas Collier
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Steven H Liang
- Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States.,Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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3
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Mangeant R, Dubost E, Cailly T, Collot V. Radiotracers for the Central Serotoninergic System. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15050571. [PMID: 35631397 PMCID: PMC9143978 DOI: 10.3390/ph15050571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This review lists the most important radiotracers described so far for imaging the central serotoninergic system. Single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography radiotracers are reviewed and critically discussed for each receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reynald Mangeant
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Emmanuelle Dubost
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
| | - Thomas Cailly
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
- UNICAEN, IMOGERE, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France
- CHU Côte de Nacre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (V.C.)
| | - Valérie Collot
- Centre d’Etudes et de Recherche sur le Médicament de Normandie (CERMN), UNICAEN, Normandie Univ., 14000 Caen, France; (R.M.); (E.D.)
- Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen Normandie (BB@C), Boulevard Henri Becquerel, 14000 Caen, France
- Correspondence: (T.C.); (V.C.)
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4
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Kumari N, Kaul A, Varshney R, Singh VK, Srivastava K, Bhagat S, Mishra AK, Tiwari AK. Synthesis and evaluation of technetium-99m labelled 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine derivative for single photon emission computed tomography imaging for targeting 5-HT 1A. Bioorg Chem 2021; 111:104972. [PMID: 33993020 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Quantitative changes in expression level of 5HT1A are somewhere related to common neurological disorders such as anxiety, major depression and schizophrenia. We have designed EDTA conjugated SPECT imaging probe for localization of 5HT1A receptor in brain. For designing SPECT probe we have employed the concept of bivalent approach and a homodimeric system with desirable pharmacokinetics of 5HT1A imaging. 99mTc-EDHT was also evaluated for its stability through serum stability assay and glutathione challenge experiment. Biodistribution study showed the highest accumulation of radioactivity in kidney which depicted the renal mode of excretion from the body. However in brain the uptake of 1.21% ID per gram was observed in initial 5 min of drug administration. On blocking the receptor this percent get decreased to 0.97% ID per gram. The regional distribution in brain was also performed which showed the accumulation of drug in cerebellum, cortex and hippocampus part, which are already known for 5HT1A expression. Dynamic study in rabbit is also in support of results derived from biodistribution and blood kinetics experiment. These finding suggest that 99mTc-EDHT holds promising place for further optimization before nuclear medicine applications in different animal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Decision Sciences (SPDS), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow 226025, UP, India; Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Ankur Kaul
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Raunak Varshney
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. S.M.N.R University, Lucknow 226018, India
| | - Krishna Srivastava
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Lucknow 225003, UP, India
| | - Sunita Bhagat
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Anil Kumar Mishra
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India
| | - Anjani Kumar Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical & Decision Sciences (SPDS), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University (A Central University), Lucknow 226025, UP, India; Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Brig. S. K. Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054, India.
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5
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Klenner MA, Pascali G, Fraser BH, Darwish TA. Kinetic isotope effects and synthetic strategies for deuterated carbon-11 and fluorine-18 labelled PET radiopharmaceuticals. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 96-97:112-147. [PMID: 33892374 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The deuterium labelling of pharmaceuticals is a useful strategy for altering pharmacokinetic properties, particularly for improving metabolic resistance. The pharmacological effects of such metabolites are often assumed to be negligible during standard drug discovery and are factored in later at the clinical phases of development, where the risks and benefits of the treatment and side-effects can be wholly assessed. This paradigm does not translate to the discovery of radiopharmaceuticals, however, as the confounding effects of radiometabolites can inevitably show in preliminary positron emission tomography (PET) scans and thus complicate interpretation. Consequently, the formation of radiometabolites is crucial to take into consideration, compared to non-radioactive metabolites, and the application of deuterium labelling is a particularly attractive approach to minimise radiometabolite formation. Herein, we provide a comprehensive overview of the deuterated carbon-11 and fluorine-18 radiopharmaceuticals employed in PET imaging experiments. Specifically, we explore six categories of deuterated radiopharmaceuticals used to investigate the activities of monoamine oxygenase (MAO), choline, translocator protein (TSPO), vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2), neurotransmission and the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease; from which we derive four prominent deuteration strategies giving rise to a kinetic isotope effect (KIE) for reducing the rate of metabolism. Synthetic approaches for over thirty of these deuterated radiopharmaceuticals are discussed from the perspective of deuterium and radioisotope incorporation, alongside an evaluation of the deuterium labelling and radiolabelling efficacies across these independent studies. Clinical and manufacturing implications are also discussed to provide a more comprehensive overview of how deuterated radiopharmaceuticals may be introduced to routine practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A Klenner
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - Giancarlo Pascali
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Australia; School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Kensington, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Benjamin H Fraser
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Tamim A Darwish
- National Deuteration Facility (NDF) & Human Health, Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
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6
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Lee WC, Kang SM, Lee BC, Kim SE, Kim DW. Multifunctional Crown-5-calix[4]arene-based Phase-Transfer Catalysts for Aromatic 18F-Fluorination. Org Lett 2020; 22:9551-9555. [PMID: 33270463 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylated bis-triethylene glycolic crown-5-calix[4]arene (M-BTC5A) as a phase-transfer catalyst showed the best performance among other analogues and even conventional Kryptofix 222 in the nucleophilic aromatic 18F-fluorination of diaryliodonium tosylate precursors owing to (i) the efficient release of reactive "naked" [18F]fluoride, (ii) the high stabilization of the precursor in the reaction, and, presumably, (iii) the ease of access between the precursor and the K18F/M-BTC5A complex facilitated by π-π interactions. [18F]Flumazenil was produced in high radiochemical yield using M-BTC5A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Chang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.,Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug Development, Advanced institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Eun Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug Development, Advanced institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon 16229, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular and Biophamaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
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7
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The chemistry of labeling heterocycles with carbon-11 or fluorine-18 for biomedical imaging. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2019.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Wagner S, Teodoro R, Deuther-Conrad W, Kranz M, Scheunemann M, Fischer S, Wenzel B, Egerland U, Hoefgen N, Steinbach J, Brust P. Radiosynthesis and biological evaluation of the new PDE10A radioligand [ 18 F]AQ28A. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2016; 60:36-48. [PMID: 27896836 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 10A (PDE10A) regulates the level of the second messengers cAMP and cGMP in particular in brain regions assumed to be associated with neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases. A better understanding of the pathophysiological role of the expression of PDE10A could be obtained by quantitative imaging of the enzyme by positron emission tomography (PET). Thus, in this study we developed, radiolabeled, and evaluated a new PDE10A radioligand, 8-bromo-1-(6-[18 F]fluoropyridin-3-yl)-3,4-dimethylimidazo[1,5-a]quinoxaline ([18 F]AQ28A). [18 F]AQ28A was radiolabeled by both nucleophilic bromo-to-fluoro or nitro-to-fluoro exchange using K[18 F]F-K2.2.2 -carbonate complex with different yields. Using the superior nitro precursor, we developed an automated synthesis on a Tracerlab FX F-N module and obtained [18 F]AQ28A with high radiochemical yields (33 ± 6%) and specific activities (96-145 GBq·μmol-1 ) for further evaluation. Initially, we investigated the binding of [18 F]AQ28A to the brain of different species by autoradiography and observed the highest density of binding sites in striatum, the brain region with the highest PDE10A expression. Subsequent dynamic PET studies in mice revealed a region-specific accumulation of [18 F]AQ28A in this region, which could be blocked by preinjection of the selective PDE10A ligand MP-10. In conclusion, the data suggest [18 F]AQ28A is a suitable candidate for imaging of PDE10A in rodent brain by PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally Wagner
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Teodoro
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Winnie Deuther-Conrad
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mathias Kranz
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheunemann
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Steffen Fischer
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Barbara Wenzel
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Jörg Steinbach
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Brust
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Research Site Leipzig, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Leipzig, Germany
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9
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Preshlock S, Tredwell M, Gouverneur V. (18)F-Labeling of Arenes and Heteroarenes for Applications in Positron Emission Tomography. Chem Rev 2016; 116:719-66. [PMID: 26751274 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 477] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Diverse radiochemistry is an essential component of nuclear medicine; this includes imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). As such, PET can track diseases at an early stage of development, help patient care planning through personalized medicine and support drug discovery programs. Fluorine-18 is the most frequently used radioisotope in PET radiopharmaceuticals for both clinical and preclinical research. Its physical and nuclear characteristics (97% β(+) decay, 109.8 min half-life, 635 keV positron energy) and high specific activity make it an attractive nuclide for labeling and molecular imaging. Arenes and heteroarenes are privileged candidates for (18)F-incorporation as they are metabolically robust and therefore widely used by medicinal chemists and radiochemists alike. For many years, the range of (hetero)arenes amenable to (18)F-fluorination was limited by the lack of chemically diverse precursors, and of radiochemical methods allowing (18)F-incorporation in high selectivity and efficiency (radiochemical yield and purity, specific activity, and radio-scalability). The appearance of late-stage fluorination reactions catalyzed by transition metal or small organic molecules (organocatalysis) has encouraged much research on the use of these activation manifolds for (18)F-fluorination. In this piece, we review all of the reactions known to date to install the (18)F substituent and other key (18)F-motifs (e.g., CF3, CHF2, OCF3, SCF3, OCHF2) of medicinal relevance onto (hetero)arenes. The field has changed significantly in the past five years, and the current trend suggests that the radiochemical space available for PET applications will expand rapidly in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Preshlock
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Tredwell
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
| | - Véronique Gouverneur
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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10
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Schimler SD, Ryan SJ, Bland DC, Anderson JE, Sanford MS. Anhydrous Tetramethylammonium Fluoride for Room-Temperature SNAr Fluorination. J Org Chem 2015; 80:12137-45. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sydonie D. Schimler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Sarah J. Ryan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Douglas C. Bland
- Process Science, Dow Chemical Company, 1710 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - John E. Anderson
- Process Science, Dow Chemical Company, 1710 Building, Midland, Michigan 48674, United States
| | - Melanie S. Sanford
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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11
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Su P, Wang J, Shi Y, Pan X, Shao R, Zhang J. Discovery of biphenyl-aryl ureas as novel VEGFR-2 inhibitors. Part 4: exploration of diverse hinge-binding fragments. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:3228-36. [PMID: 25982075 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
VEGFR-2 plays an essential role in angiogenesis and is an important target for cancer therapy. A series of biphenyl-aryl ureas were synthesized and evaluated as novel VEGFR-2 inhibitors. The pyridine, methylamine carbonyl pyridine and pivaloyl amide pyridine were introduced as novel hinge binding fragment. The majority of title compounds displayed potent VEGFR-2 inhibition. In particular, L1, L9, W14 and W15 exhibited significant enzymatic inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 0.36nM, 0.22nM, 0.15nM and 0.14nM. Compounds L1, L9 and W15 displayed potent antiproliferative activity against A549 and SMMC-7721 cells. SAR study suggested that incorporation of 3-trifluoromethyl and methylamine carbonyl on terminal pyridine could improve VEGFR-2 inhibitory activity. Molecular docking illustrated that urea moiety formed two critical hydrogen bonds with the DFG residues of VEGFR-2. The results indicated that these biphenyl-aryl ureas could serve as promising lead compounds for further optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Su
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Yaling Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Ruili Shao
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 76, Yanta West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710061, PR China.
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12
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Pan X, Dong J, Shi Y, Shao R, Wei F, Wang J, Zhang J. Discovery of novel Bcr-Abl inhibitors with diacylated piperazine as the flexible linker. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:7050-66. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00430f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Forty-two compounds with flexible diacylated piperazine linkers were designed, synthesized and evaluated as novel Bcr-Abl inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Pan
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Jinyun Dong
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Yaling Shi
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Ruili Shao
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Fen Wei
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Health Science Center
- Xi'an Jiaotong University
- Xi'an
- P.R. China
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13
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Jacobson O, Kiesewetter DO, Chen X. Fluorine-18 radiochemistry, labeling strategies and synthetic routes. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 26:1-18. [PMID: 25473848 PMCID: PMC4306521 DOI: 10.1021/bc500475e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fluorine-18 is the most frequently used radioisotope in positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceuticals in both clinical and preclinical research. Its physical and nuclear characteristics (97% β(+) decay, 109.7 min half-life, 635 keV positron energy), along with high specific activity and ease of large scale production, make it an attractive nuclide for radiochemical labeling and molecular imaging. Versatile chemistry including nucleophilic and electrophilic substitutions allows direct or indirect introduction of (18)F into molecules of interest. The significant increase in (18)F radiotracers for PET imaging accentuates the need for simple and efficient (18)F-labeling procedures. In this review, we will describe the current radiosynthesis routes and strategies for (18)F labeling of small molecules and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orit Jacobson
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
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14
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García G, Abet V, Alajarín R, Álvarez-Builla J, Delgado M, García-García L, Bascuñana-Almarcha P, Peña-Salcedo C, Kelly J, Pozo MA. N-(4-[(18)F]-fluoropyridin-2-yl)-N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}carboxamides as analogs of WAY100635. New PET tracers of serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptors. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 85:795-806. [PMID: 25171752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.07.096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2014] [Revised: 07/24/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
N-(4-[(18)F]-Fluoropyridin-2-yl)-N-{2-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethyl}-carboxamides were prepared by labeling their 4-nitropyridin-2-yl precursors through nitro substitution by the (18)F anion. In vitro and in vivo tests showed that the cyclohexanecarboxamide derivative is a reversible, selective and high affinity 5-HT1A receptor antagonist (IC50 = 0.29 nM, ki = 0.18 nM) with high brain uptake, slow brain clearance and stability to defluorination when compared with conventional standards. This PET radioligand is a promising candidate for an improved in vivo quantification of 5-HT1A receptors in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo García
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Valentina Abet
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Ramón Alajarín
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain
| | - Julio Álvarez-Builla
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid 28871, Spain.
| | - Mercedes Delgado
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Luis García-García
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Pablo Bascuñana-Almarcha
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Carmen Peña-Salcedo
- Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - James Kelly
- Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Miguel A Pozo
- CAI Cartografía Cerebral, Instituto Pluridisciplinar UCM, Paseo Juan XXIII, 1, Madrid 28040, Spain; Instituto Tecnológico PET, Calle Manuel Bartolomé Cossío 10, Madrid 28040, Spain.
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15
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Hazari PP, Schulz J, Vimont D, Chadha N, Allard M, Szlosek-Pinaud M, Fouquet E, Mishra AK. A new SiF-Dipropargyl glycerol scaffold as a versatile prosthetic group to design dimeric radioligands: synthesis of the [(18) F]BMPPSiF tracer to image serotonin receptors. ChemMedChem 2013; 9:337-49. [PMID: 24376058 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201300458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel SiX-dipropargyl glycerol scaffold (X: H, F, or (18) F) was developed as a versatile prosthetic group that provides technical advantages for the preparation of dimeric radioligands based on silicon fluoride acceptor pre- or post-labeling with fluorine-18. Rapid conjugation with the prosthetic group takes place in microwave-assisted click conjugation under mild conditions. Thus, a bivalent homodimeric SiX-dipropargyl glycerol derivatized radioligand, [(18) F]BMPPSiF, with enhanced affinity was developed by using click conjugation. High uptake of the radioligand was demonstrated in 5-HT1A receptor-rich regions in the brain with positron emission tomography. Molecular docking studies (rigid protein-flexible ligand) of BMPPSiF and known antagonists (WAY-100635, MPPF, and MefWAY) with monomeric, dimeric, and multimeric 5-HT1A receptor models were performed, with the highest G score obtained for docked BMPPSiF: -6.766 as compared with all three antagonists on the monomeric model. Multimeric induced-fit docking was also performed to visualize the comparable mode of binding under in vivo conditions, and a notably improved G score of -8.455 was observed for BMPPSiF. These data directly correlate the high binding potential of BMPPSiF with the bivalent binding mode obtained in the biological studies. The present study warrants wide application of the SiX-dipropargyl glycerol prosthetic group in the development of ligands for imaging with enhanced affinity markers for specific targeting based on peptides, nucleosides, and lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puja Panwar Hazari
- Division of Cyclotron and Radiopharamceutical Sciences, Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi 110054 (India)
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16
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Damont A, Lemée F, Raggiri G, Dollé F. Novel 2,4,5-Trisubstituted Pyridines as Key Intermediates for the Preparation of the TSPO Ligand 6-F-PBR28: Synthesis and Full1H and13C NMR Characterization. J Heterocycl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.1723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédéric Lemée
- CEA; I²BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot; Orsay France
| | | | - Frédéric Dollé
- CEA; I²BM, Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot; Orsay France
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17
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Choi JY, Kim CH, Ryu YH, Seo YB, Truong P, Kim EJ, Choi TH, Kang J, Lee M, Kim DG, Lee JD, Jeon TJ. Optimization of the radiosynthesis of [18F]MEFWAY for imaging brain serotonin 1A receptors by using the GE TracerLab FXFN-Promodule. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2013; 56:589-94. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Yong Choi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology; Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 120-752 Korea
| | - Young Hoon Ryu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Young Beom Seo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Phong Truong
- Global Radiopharmacy Molecular Imaging Technologies; GE Healthcare; Husbyborg 15024 Uppsala Sweden
| | - Eun Jung Kim
- Department of Molecular Imaging; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Korea
| | - Tae Hyun Choi
- Department of Molecular Imaging; Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences; Seoul 139-706 Korea
| | - JeeHae Kang
- Swarthmore College; 500 College Avenue Swarthmore; PA 19081 USA
| | - Minkyung Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Dong Goo Kim
- Department of Pharmacology; Brain Research Institute, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine; Seoul 120-752 Korea
| | - Jong Doo Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
| | - Tae Joo Jeon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital; Seoul 135-720 Korea
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18
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Choi JY, Kim CH, Jeon TJ, Kim BS, Yi CH, Woo KS, Seo YB, Han SJ, Kim KM, Yi DI, Lee M, Kim DG, Kim JY, Lee KC, Choi TH, An G, Ryu YH. Effective MicroPET imaging of brain 5-HT1Areceptors in rats with [18F]MeFWAY by suppression of radioligand defluorination. Synapse 2012; 66:1015-23. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of novel neutral fac-M(CO)3(SNO) complexes (M=Re, 99mTc) bearing the o-methoxyphenylpiperazine moiety. Appl Radiat Isot 2012; 70:957-64. [PMID: 22464790 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2012.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)(3)(SNO) (M=Re, (99m)Tc) bearing o-methoxyphenylpiperazine as pharmacophore and S-functionalized cysteine or penicillamine as chelators are reported. Competition binding tests showed good affinity for the 5-HT(1A) receptor (8 and 54 nM for 4a and 4b, respectively). Biodistribution studies in healthy animals showed high initial blood and liver uptake, fast blood and tissue depuration and negligible brain uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Chiotellis
- Institute of Radioisotopes, Radiodiagnostic Products, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Athens, Greece
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20
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Singh N, Hazari PP, Prakash S, Chuttani K, Khurana H, Chandra H, Mishra AK. A homodimeric bivalent radioligand derived from 1-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine with high affinity for in vivo 5-HT1A receptor imaging. MEDCHEMCOMM 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2md20062g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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21
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Paterson LM, Kornum BR, Nutt DJ, Pike VW, Knudsen GM. 5-HT radioligands for human brain imaging with PET and SPECT. Med Res Rev 2011; 33:54-111. [PMID: 21674551 DOI: 10.1002/med.20245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic system plays a key modulatory role in the brain and is the target for many drug treatments for brain disorders either through reuptake blockade or via interactions at the 14 subtypes of 5-HT receptors. This review provides the history and current status of radioligands used for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) imaging of human brain serotonin (5-HT) receptors, the 5-HT transporter (SERT), and 5-HT synthesis rate. Currently available radioligands for in vivo brain imaging of the 5-HT system in humans include antagonists for the 5-HT(1A), 5-HT(1B), 5-HT(2A), and 5-HT(4) receptors, and for SERT. Here we describe the evolution of these radioligands, along with the attempts made to develop radioligands for additional serotonergic targets. We describe the properties needed for a radioligand to become successful and the main caveats. The success of a PET or SPECT radioligand can ultimately be assessed by its frequency of use, its utility in humans, and the number of research sites using it relative to its invention date, and so these aspects are also covered. In conclusion, the development of PET and SPECT radioligands to image serotonergic targets is of high interest, and successful evaluation in humans is leading to invaluable insight into normal and abnormal brain function, emphasizing the need for continued development of both SPECT and PET radioligands for human brain imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise M Paterson
- Neuropsychopharmacology Unit, Division of Experimental Medicine, Imperial College London, Burlington Danes Building, Du Cane Road, London, United Kingdom
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22
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Chiotellis A, Tsoukalas C, Pelecanou M, Pirmettis I, Papadopoulos M. New 99mTc(CO)3(NNO) complexes in the development of 5HT1A receptor imaging agents. RADIOCHIM ACTA 2011. [DOI: 10.1524/ract.2011.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this work we report the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of two new neutral tricarbonyl fac-M(CO)3(NNO) (M=Re, 99mTc) derivatives of WAY-100635 as potential 99mTc agents for the in vivo imaging of 5HT1A receptors. The new pharmacophore NNO ligands are based on the picolylamine N,N-diacetic acid (PADA) ligand and their synthesis was achieved through the PADA anhydride, showing thus the applicability of this synthetic approach, developed in our laboratory, for the incorporation of bioactive amines in the PADA molecule and the development of target specific radiopharmaceuticals. The rhenium complexes were synthesized using [NEt4]2[Re(CO)3Br3] as a precursor and fully characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods. The analogous technetium-99m complexes were also prepared quantitatively using the [99mTc(CO)3(H2O)3]+ precursor and their structure corroborated by means of the rhenium complexes. The lipophilicity of the Tc complexes is in the range normally accepted for substances to be able to cross the BBB. Competition binding tests showed moderate affinity for the 5HT1A receptors, with IC50 values at the nanomolar range (30 and 116 nM). Biodistribution in healthy animals was characterized by high initial blood and liver uptake and fast blood and tissue depuration with excretion taking place mainly through the hepatobiliary system. None of the new complexes showed any significant brain uptake, suggesting that the ability of a compound to cross the BBB is determined by more factors than charge, lipophilicity and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Chiotellis
- National Centre for Scientific Research “Demokritos“, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | | | - M. Pelecanou
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Biology, Athens, Griechenland
| | - I. Pirmettis
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
| | - M. Papadopoulos
- National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Institute of Radioisotopes - Radiodiagnostic Produ, Athens, Griechenland
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23
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Pimlott SL, Sutherland A. Molecular tracers for the PET and SPECT imaging of disease. Chem Soc Rev 2010; 40:149-62. [PMID: 20818455 DOI: 10.1039/b922628c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging continues to grow due to the ability of these techniques to allow the non-invasive in vivo visualisation of biological processes at the molecular and cellular levels. As well as finding application for the diagnosis of disease, these techniques have also been used in the drug discovery process. Crucial to the growth of these techniques is the continued development of molecular probes that can bind to the target biological receptor with high selectivity. This tutorial review describes the use of PET and SPECT for molecular imaging and highlights key strategies for the development of molecular probes for the imaging of both cancer and neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally L Pimlott
- West of Scotland Radionuclide Dispensary, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow G11 6NT, UK
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24
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Li Z, Conti PS. Radiopharmaceutical chemistry for positron emission tomography. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2010; 62:1031-51. [PMID: 20854860 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2010.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 09/11/2010] [Accepted: 09/13/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is an emerging technology that allows the visualization of interactions between molecular probes and biological targets. Molecules that either direct or are subject to homeostatic controls in biological systems could be labeled with the appropriate radioisotopes for the quantitative measurement of selected molecular interactions during normal tissue homeostasis and again after perturbations of the normal state. In particular, positron emission tomography (PET) offers picomolar sensitivity and is a fully translational technique that requires specific probes radiolabeled with a usually short-lived positron-emitting radionuclide. PET has provided the capability of measuring biological processes at the molecular and metabolic levels in vivo by the detection of the gamma rays formed as a result of the annihilation of the positrons emitted. Despite the great wealth of information that such probes can provide, the potential of PET strongly depends on the availability of suitable PET radiotracers. However, the development of new imaging probes for PET is far from trivial and radiochemistry is a major limiting factor for the field of PET. In this review, we provided an overview of the most common chemical approaches for the synthesis of PET-labeled molecules and highlighted the most recent developments and trends. The discussed PET radionuclides include ¹¹C (t₁(/)₂=20.4min), ¹³N (t₁(/)₂=9.9min), ¹⁵O (t₁(/)₂=2min), ⁶⁸Ga (t₁(/)₂=68min), ¹⁸F (t₁(/)₂=109.8min), ⁶⁴Cu (t₁(/)₂=12.7h), and ¹²⁴I (t₁(/)₂=4.12d).
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25
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LaBeaume P, Placzek M, Daniels M, Kendrick I, Ng P, McNeel M, Afroze R, Alexander A, Thomas R, Kallmerten AE, Jones GB. Microwave-accelerated fluorodenitrations and nitrodehalogenations: expeditious routes to labeled PET ligands and fluoropharmaceuticals. Tetrahedron Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2010.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Yamada S, Gavryushin A, Knochel P. Convenient Electrophilic Fluorination of Functionalized Aryl and Heteroaryl Magnesium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 49:2215-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200905052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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27
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Yamada S, Gavryushin A, Knochel P. Convenient Electrophilic Fluorination of Functionalized Aryl and Heteroaryl Magnesium Reagents. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200905052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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28
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Novel 99mTc(CO) 3Complexes with WAY-100635 Moiety for the Development of 5-HT 1AReceptor lmaging Agent. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2009. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2009.30.5.1107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Wang F, Wang X, Yang S, Liu J, Zhang X. N-[3-[4-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperaziny-1-yl]propyl]cyclam: synthesized as a potential 5-HT1Areceptor ligand and labelled with99mTc-nitrido core. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisheng Cai
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm. B3 C346, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892‐1003, USA, Fax: +1‐301‐480‐5112
| | - Shuiyu Lu
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm. B3 C346, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892‐1003, USA, Fax: +1‐301‐480‐5112
| | - Victor W. Pike
- Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Building 10, Rm. B3 C346, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892‐1003, USA, Fax: +1‐301‐480‐5112
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon M Ametamey
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Science of ETH, PSI and USZ, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences of ETH, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
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32
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Guo N, Alagille D, Tamagnan G, Price RR, Baldwin RM. Microwave-induced nucleophilic [18F]fluorination on aromatic rings: synthesis and effect of halogen on [18F]fluoride substitution of meta-halo (F, Cl, Br, I)-benzonitrile derivatives. Appl Radiat Isot 2008; 66:1396-402. [PMID: 18417350 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2008.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The meta-halo-3-methylbenzonitrile derivatives (-F, -Cl, -Br, -I) were synthesized as model compounds to study reactivity towards aromatic nucleophilic substitution. A single-mode microwave system was incorporated into a commercial radiochemical synthetic module for (18)F labeling. Labeling yields of 64% for fluoro-, 13% for bromo- and 9% for chloro-precursors were achieved in DMSO in <3 min. The observed order of reactivity of the leaving groups toward aromatic nucleophilic substitution was F>>Br>Cl>>>I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Guo
- Department of Radiology & Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 1161 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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Abstract
The aberrant expression and function of certain receptors in tumours and other diseased tissues make them preferable targets for molecular imaging. PET and SPECT radionuclides can be used to label specific ligands with high affinity for the target receptors. The functional information obtained from imaging these receptors can be used to better understand the systems under investigation and for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review discusses some of the aspects of receptor imaging with small molecule tracers by PET and SPECT and reviews some of the tracers for the receptor imaging of tumours and brain, heart and lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aviv Hagooly
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd., Campus Box 8225, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
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34
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Itsenko O, Blom E, Långström B, Kihlberg T. The Use of Lithium Amides in the Palladium-Mediated Synthesis of [Carbonyl-11C]Amides. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200700255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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35
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Dollé F. [18F]fluoropyridines: From conventional radiotracers to the labeling of macromolecules such as proteins and oligonucleotides. ERNST SCHERING RESEARCH FOUNDATION WORKSHOP 2007:113-57. [PMID: 17172154 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-49527-7_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Molecular in vivo imaging with the high-resolution and sensitive positron emission tomography (PET) technique requires the preparation of a positron-emitting radiolabeled probe or radiotracer. For this purpose, fluorine-18 is becoming increasingly the radionuclide of choice due to its adequate physical and nuclear characteristics, and also because of the successful use in clinical oncology of 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG), which is currently the most widely used PET-radiopharmaceutical and probably the driving force behind the growing availability and interest for this positron-emitter in radiopharmaceutical chemistry. With a few exceptions, radiofluorinations involving fluorine-18 of high specific radioactivity (e.g. > 185 GBq/micromole) had, until recently, been limited to nucleophilic substitutions in homoaromatic and aliphatic series with [18F]fluoride. Considering chemical structures showing a fluoropyridinyl moiety, nucleophilic heteroaromatic substitution at the ortho-position with no-carrier-added [l8F]fluoride, as its K[18F]F-K222 complex, appears today as a highly efficient method for the radiosynthesis of radiotracers and radiopharmaceuticals. This chapter summarizes the recent applications of this methodology and highlights its potential in the design and preparation of, often drug-based, fluorine-18-labeled probes of high specific radioactivity for PET imaging, including macromolecules of biological interest such as peptides, proteins and oligonucleotides.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Dollé
- Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot, Département de Recherche Médicale - CEA, Orsay, France.
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36
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Stone-Elander S, Elander N, Thorell JO, Fredriksson A. Microwaving in F-18 chemistry: quirks and tweaks. ERNST SCHERING RESEARCH FOUNDATION WORKSHOP 2007:243-69. [PMID: 17172158 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-540-49527-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Since the late 1980s, microwave dielectric heating has been used to speed up chemical transformations, also in radiolabeling tracers for positron emission tomography. In addition to shorter reaction times, higher yields, cleaner product mixtures and improved reproducibility have also been obtained for reactions involving polar components that require heating at elevated temperatures. The conditions used in microwave chemistry can differ considerably from those in conventional heating. Understanding the factors that influence the interaction of the electromagnetic field with the sample is critical for the successful implementation of microwave heating. These parameters are discussed here and exemplified with radiolabelings with fluorine-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Stone-Elander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Positron Emission Tomography, Karolinska Pharmacy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Roeda D, Kuhnast B, Hammadi A, Dollé F. The Service Hospitalier Frédéric Joliot – contributions to PET chemistry over the years. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.1420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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38
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Synthesis and Physical Evaluation of99mTc(CO)3-labeled Cysteine-arylpiperazines for a Neuroreceptor(5-HT1A) Imaging. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2006.27.10.1689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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39
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99mTc(CO)3-Labeled Histidine-Arylpiperazines as Potential Radiotracers for a Neuroreceptor Targeting. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2006. [DOI: 10.5012/bkcs.2006.27.8.1189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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40
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Scott Mason N, Mathis CA. Positron Emission Tomography Agents for Central Nervous System Drug Development Applications. ANNUAL REPORTS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-7743(05)40004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
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Roger G, Lagnel B, Rouden J, Besret L, Valette H, Demphel S, Gopisetti J, Coulon C, Ottaviani M, Wrenn LA, Letchworth SR, Bohme GA, Benavides J, Lasne MC, Bottlaender M, Dollé F. Synthesis of a [2-Pyridinyl-18F]-labelled fluoro derivative of (−)-Cytisine as a candidate radioligand for brain nicotinic α4β2 receptor imaging with PET. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:5333-43. [PMID: 14642577 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2003.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been considerable effort to design and synthesize radiotracers suitable for use in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging of the alpha4beta2 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtype. A new fluoropyridinyl derivative of (-)-cytisine (1), namely (-)-9-(2-fluoropyridinyl)cytisine (3, K(i) values of 24 and 3462 nM for the alpha4beta2 and alpha7 nAChRs subtypes, respectively) has been synthesized in four chemical steps from (-)-cytisine and labelled with fluorine-18 (T(1/2): 119.8 min) using an efficient two-step radiochemical process [(a). nucleophilic heteroaromatic ortho-radiofluorination using the corresponding N-Boc-protected nitro-derivative, (b). TFA removal of the Boc protective group]. Typically, 20-45 mCi (0.74-1.67 GBq) of (-)-9-(2-[18F]fluoropyridinyl)cytisine ([18F]-3, 2-3 Ci/micromol or 74-111 GBq/micromol) were easily obtained in 70-75 min starting from a 100 mCi (3.7 GBq) aliquot of a cyclotron-produced [18F]fluoride production batch (20-45% non decay-corrected yield based on the starting [18F]fluoride). The in vivo pharmacological profile of (-)-9-(2-[18F]fluoropyridinyl)cytisine ([18F]-3) was evaluated in rats with biodistribution studies and brain radioactivity monitoring using intracerebral radiosensitive beta-microprobes. The observed in vivo distribution of the radiotracer in brain was rather uniform, and did not match with the known regional densities of nAChRs. It was also significantly different from that of the parent compound (-)-[3H]cytisine. Moreover, competition studies with (-)-nicotine (5 mg/kg, 5 min before the radiotracer injection) did not reduce brain uptake of the radiotracer. These experiments clearly indicate that (-)-9-(2-[18F]fluoropyridinyl)cytisine ([18F]-3) does not have the required properties for imaging nAChRs using PET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaëlle Roger
- Département de Recherche Médicale, CEA/DSV, 4 place du Général Leclerc, F-91401 Orsay, France
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