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Dias LFG, Rheinheimer JPC, Gomes OP, Noeske M, Stamboroski S, Bronze‐Uhle ES, Mainardi MC, Cavalcanti WL, Neto AB, Lisboa‐Filho PN. Bisphosphonates on Smooth TiO
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: Modeling and Characterization. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo F. G. Dias
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - João P. C. Rheinheimer
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - Orisson P. Gomes
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
| | - Michael Noeske
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Stephani Stamboroski
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
- University of Bremen Otto-Hahn-Allee 1 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Erika S. Bronze‐Uhle
- Bauru School of Dentistry Sao Paulo University – USP Alameda Dr. Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9–75 – Vila Regina Bauru SP 17012-230 Brazil
| | - Maria C. Mainardi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Welchy L. Cavalcanti
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM Wiener Straße 28359 Bremen Germany
| | - Augusto B. Neto
- Sao Paulo State University - UNESP Campus of Itapeva Itapeva SP Brazil R. da Pátria, 519 - Vila Nossa Sra. de Fatima, Itapeva – SP 18409-010
| | - Paulo N. Lisboa‐Filho
- São Paulo State University - UNESP School of Science Av. Eng. Luís Edmundo Carrijo Coube, 14–01 – Nucleo Res. Pres. Geisel Bauru SP 17033-360 Brazil
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2
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Park J, Pandya VR, Ezekiel SJ, Berghuis AM. Phosphonate and Bisphosphonate Inhibitors of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Synthases: A Structure-Guided Perspective. Front Chem 2021; 8:612728. [PMID: 33490038 PMCID: PMC7815940 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.612728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphonates and bisphosphonates have proven their pharmacological utility as inhibitors of enzymes that metabolize phosphate and pyrophosphate substrates. The blockbuster class of drugs nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates represent one of the best-known examples. Widely used to treat bone-resorption disorders, these drugs work by inhibiting the enzyme farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase. Playing a key role in the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway, this enzyme is also a potential anticancer target. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of the research efforts to identify new inhibitors of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase for various therapeutic applications. While the majority of these efforts have been directed against the human enzyme, some have been targeted on its homologs from other organisms, such as protozoan parasites and insects. Our particular focus is on the structures of the target enzymes and how the structural information has guided the drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeok Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Vishal R Pandya
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Sean J Ezekiel
- Department of Biochemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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3
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Ghosh S, Biswas K, Basu B. Recent Advances in Microwave Promoted C-P Cross-coupling Reactions. CURRENT MICROWAVE CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2213335607666200401144724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
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Organophosphorous compounds are of potential importance in diverse fields. They are often
used as intermediates for making functionalized phosphine ligands as well as find vast applications
in the areas of industrial, agricultural and biological chemistry. The microwave-assisted synthesis
of C-P bonds has become increasingly popular because of its various advantages over conventional
heating in the perspectives of green chemistry.
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This review article has primarily focused on the synthesis of various organophosphorous molecules
via microwave promoted C-P cross-coupling reactions under metal-catalyzed or metal–free conditions
over the last two decades. The synthesis of phosphine ligands on 4,4′-bisquinolone structural framework,
disubstituted phosphinic acid esters, vinyl phosphines, aryl- and vinylphosphonates, sugar and
nucleoside phosphonates, aminobisphosphonates, triphenyl phosphines, water-soluble tertiary phosphine
oxides and many other potentially useful organophosphorous compounds have been illustrated
critically. The Hirao reaction, Michaelis-Arbuzov reaction and Sandmeyer type of reactions are generally
involved in creating C-P bonds. The role of various metal catalysts, solvents, bases, additives
and temperature in different literatures are carefully discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Raiganj Surendranath Mahavidyalaya, Raiganj 733134, India
| | - Kinkar Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Raiganj University, Raiganj 733134, India
| | - Basudeb Basu
- Department of Chemistry, Raiganj University, Raiganj 733134, India
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4
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Khan R, Chen J, Fan B. Versatile Catalytic Reactions of Norbornadiene Derivatives with Alkynes. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201901494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruhima Khan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal ResourcesYunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Jingchao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal ResourcesYunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
| | - Baomin Fan
- Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal ResourcesYunnan Minzu University Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and EnvironmentYunnan Minzu University Yuehua Street Kunming 650500 People's Republic of China
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5
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Reddy JM, Raut NGR, Seifert JL, Hynds DL. Regulation of Small GTPase Prenylation in the Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 57:2220-2231. [PMID: 31989383 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-01870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mevalonate pathway inhibitors have been extensively studied for their roles in cholesterol depletion and for inhibiting the prenylation and activation of various proteins. Inhibition of protein prenylation has potential therapeutic uses against neurological disorders, like neural cancers, neurodegeneration, and neurotramatic lesions. Protection against neurodegeneration and promotion of neuronal regeneration is regulated in large part by Ras superfamily small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), particularly the Ras, Rho, and Rab subfamilies. These proteins are prenylated to target them to cellular membranes. Prenylation can be specifically inhibited through altering the function of enzymes of the mevalonate pathway necessary for isoprenoid production and attachment to target proteins to elicit a variety of effects on neural cells. However, this approach does not address how prenylation affects a specific protein. This review focuses on the regulation of small GTPase prenylation, the different techniques to inhibit prenylation, and how this inhibition has affected neural cell processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - DiAnna L Hynds
- Texas Woman's University, Denton, TX, USA.
- Woodcock Institute for the Advancement of Neurocognitive Research and Applied Practice, Texas Woman's University, PO Box 4525799, Denton, TX, 76204-5799, USA.
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6
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Strobykina IY, Nemtarev AV, Garifullin BF, Voloshina AD, Sapunova AS, Kataev VE. Synthesis and Biological Activity of Alkane-1,1-diylbis(phosphonates) of Diterpenoid Isosteviol. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428019010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Merino P, Maiuolo L, Delso I, Algieri V, De Nino A, Tejero T. Chemical approaches to inhibitors of isoprenoid biosynthesis: targeting farnesyl and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthases. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28316k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The chemical synthesis of farnesyl and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase inhibitors are surveyed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Merino
- Departamento de Síntesis y Estructura de Biomoléculas
- ISQCH
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Loredana Maiuolo
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Rende
- Italy
| | - Ignacio Delso
- Departamento de Síntesis y Estructura de Biomoléculas
- ISQCH
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
| | - Vincenzo Algieri
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Rende
- Italy
| | - Antonio De Nino
- Dipartimento di Chimica
- Università della Calabria
- 87036 Rende
- Italy
| | - Tomas Tejero
- Departamento de Síntesis y Estructura de Biomoléculas
- ISQCH
- Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC
- 50009 Zaragoza
- Spain
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8
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One-pot Synthesis of Terminal Vinylphosphonates Catalyzed by Pyridine Grafted GO as Reusable Acid-Base Bifunctional Catalyst. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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9
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Sobhani S, Ramezani Z. Synthesis of arylphosphonates catalyzed by Pd-imino-Py-γ-Fe2O3 as a new magnetically recyclable heterogeneous catalyst in pure water without requiring any additive. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra27330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arylphosphonates were synthesized in the presence of Pd-imino-Py-γ-Fe2O3 in pure water without using any additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sobhani
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- University of Birjand
- Birjand
- Iran
| | - Zohreh Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry
- College of Sciences
- University of Birjand
- Birjand
- Iran
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10
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In Vitro and In Vivo Investigation of the Inhibition of Trypanosoma brucei Cell Growth by Lipophilic Bisphosphonates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2015; 59:7530-9. [PMID: 26392508 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01873-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the results of a screen of a library of 925 potential prenyl synthase inhibitors against Trypanosoma brucei farnesyl diphosphate synthase (TbFPPS) and against T. brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. The most potent compounds were lipophilic analogs of the bone resorption drug zoledronate, some of which had submicromolar to low micromolar activity against bloodstream form T. brucei and selectivity indices of up to ∼ 300. We evaluated the effects of two such inhibitors on survival and parasitemia in a T. brucei mouse model of infection and found that survival increased by up to 16 days. We also investigated the binding of three lipophilic bisphosphonates to an expressed TbFPPS using crystallography and investigated the thermodynamics of binding using isothermal titration calorimetry.
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11
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12
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Zhou X, Born EJ, Allen C, Holstein SA, Wiemer DF. N-Oxide derivatives of 3-(3-pyridyl)-2-phosphonopropanoic acids as potential inhibitors of Rab geranylgeranylation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2015; 25:2331-4. [PMID: 25935643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2015.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The N-oxide derivatives of [2-(3-pyridinyl)-1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-phosphonocarboxylic acid (or PEHPC) and [2-(3-pyridinyl)-1-ethylidene-1,1-phosphonocarboxylic acid (or PEPC) have been prepared and evaluated for their activity against several enzymes which utilize isoprenoids. The parent pyridines are known inhibitors of GGTase II, but the N-oxide derivatives show no improvement in biological activity in assays with the isolated enzyme. However, the PEHPC N-oxide did induce significant accumulation of intracellular light chain in myeloma cells, consistent with inhibition of Rab geranylgeranylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
| | - Ella J Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
| | - Cheryl Allen
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Sarah A Holstein
- Department of Medicine, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA.
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13
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Kolodyazhnii OI, Kolodyazhnaya AO. A new approach towards synthesis of phosphorylated alkenes. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363215020024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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Mel’nikova YV, Myznikov LV, Dogadina AV, Svintsitskaya NI. Reactions of dimethyl 2-chloroethynylphosphonate with 1-substituted 5-oxo-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s107036321411019x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Subramanian T, Ren H, Subramanian KL, Sunkara M, Onono FO, Morris AJ, Spielmann HP. Design and synthesis of non-hydrolyzable homoisoprenoid α-monofluorophosphonate inhibitors of PPAPDC family integral membrane lipid phosphatases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2014; 24:4414-4417. [PMID: 25150376 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2014.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An efficient, diversity oriented synthesis of homoisoprenoid α-monofluorophosphonates utilizing electrophilic fluorination is presented along with their activity as inhibitors of PPAPDC2 family integral membrane lipid phosphatases. These novel phosphatase-resistant analogues of isoprenoid monophosphates are a platform for further structure-activity relationship studies and provide access to other isoprenoid family members where the phosphate ester oxygen is replaced by a α-monofluoromethylene moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thangaiah Subramanian
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Hongmei Ren
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine UK COM, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | | | - Manjula Sunkara
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine UK COM, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Fredrick O Onono
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Andrew J Morris
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine UK COM, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Lexington Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - H Peter Spielmann
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Kentucky Center for Structural Biology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA.
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16
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Ballester J, Gatignol J, Schmidt G, Alayrac C, Gaumont AC, Taillefer M. A Copper-Catalyzed Variant of the Michaelis-Arbuzov Reaction. ChemCatChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201301029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Zhou X, Ferree SD, Wills VS, Born EJ, Tong H, Wiemer DF, Holstein SA. Geranyl and neryl triazole bisphosphonates as inhibitors of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:2791-8. [PMID: 24726306 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
When inhibitors of enzymes that utilize isoprenoid pyrophosphates are based on the natural substrates, a significant challenge can be to achieve selective inhibition of a specific enzyme. One element in the design process is the stereochemistry of the isoprenoid olefins. We recently reported preparation of a series of isoprenoid triazoles as potential inhibitors of geranylgeranyl transferase II but these compounds were obtained as a mixture of olefin isomers. We now have accomplished the stereoselective synthesis of these triazoles through the use of epoxy azides for the cycloaddition reaction followed by regeneration of the desired olefin. Both geranyl and neryl derivatives have been prepared as single olefin isomers through parallel reaction sequences. The products were assayed against multiple enzymes as well as in cell culture studies and surprisingly a Z-olefin isomer was found to be a potent and selective inhibitor of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Sarah D Ferree
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Veronica S Wills
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Ella J Born
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Huaxiang Tong
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - David F Wiemer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
| | - Sarah A Holstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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18
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Pan X, Chen M, Yao L, Wu J. Access to 6H-naphtho[2,3-c]chromenes by a palladium-catalyzed reaction of 2-haloaryl allene with 2-alkynylphenol. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5891-4. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc00374h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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19
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Ivanova YV, Khemchyan LL, Zalesskii SS, Ananikov VP, Beletskaya IP. Synthesis of alkyl tetraphosphonates: First example of nickel catalyst for H-phosphonates addition to diynes. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428013080010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Wang JW, Jia J, Xie YF, Feng L, Xu HQ, Meng S, Zhao GL, Xu WR, Ge YQ. Synthesis of Nitrogen Bridgehead Heterocycles with Phosphonates via a Novel Tandem Process. HETEROCYCLES 2013. [DOI: 10.3987/com-12-12661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Zhou X, Hartman SV, Born EJ, Smits JP, Holstein SA, Wiemer DF. Triazole-based inhibitors of geranylgeranyltransferase II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 23:764-6. [PMID: 23266123 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 11/15/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A small set of triazole bisphosphonates has been prepared and tested for the ability to inhibit geranylgeranyltransferase II (GGTase II). The compounds were prepared through use of click chemistry to assemble a central triazole that links a polar head group to a hydrophobic tail. The resulting compounds were tested for their ability to inhibit GGTase II in an in vitro enzyme assay and also were tested for cytotoxic activity in an MTT assay with the human myeloma RPMI-8226 cell line. The most potent enzyme inhibitor was the triazole with a geranylgeranyl tail, which suggests that inhibitors that can access the enzyme region that holds the isoprenoid tail will display greater activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
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22
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Smits JP, Wiemer DF. Synthesis and reactivity of alkyl-1,1,1-trisphosphonate esters. J Org Chem 2011; 76:8807-13. [PMID: 21916407 DOI: 10.1021/jo201523w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The α-trisphosphonic acid esters provide a unique spatial arrangement of three phosphonate groups and may represent an attractive motif for inhibitors of enzymes that utilize di- or triphosphate substrates. To advance studies of this unique functionality, a general route to alkyl derivatives of the parent system (R = H) has been developed. A set of new α-alkyl-1,1,1-trisphosphonate esters has been prepared through phosphinylation and subsequent oxidation of tetraethyl alkylbisphosphonates, and the reactivity of these new compounds has been studied in representative reactions that afford additional examples of this functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline P Smits
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242-1294, United States
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23
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Wasko BM, Smits JP, Shull LW, Wiemer DF, Hohl RJ. A novel bisphosphonate inhibitor of squalene synthase combined with a statin or a nitrogenous bisphosphonate in vitro. J Lipid Res 2011; 52:1957-64. [PMID: 21903868 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m016089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins and nitrogenous bisphosphonates (NBP) inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme-A reductase (HMGCR) and farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FDPS), respectively, leading to depletion of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) and disruption of protein prenylation. Squalene synthase (SQS) utilizes FPP in the first committed step from the mevalonate pathway toward cholesterol biosynthesis. Herein, we have identified novel bisphosphonates as potent and specific inhibitors of SQS, including the tetrasodium salt of 9-biphenyl-4,8-dimethyl-nona-3,7-dienyl-1,1-bisphosphonic acid (compound 5). Compound 5 reduced cholesterol biosynthesis and lead to a substantial intracellular accumulation of FPP without reducing cell viability in HepG2 cells. At high concentrations, lovastatin and zoledronate impaired protein prenylation and decreased cell viability, which limits their potential use for cholesterol depletion. When combined with lovastatin, compound 5 prevented lovastatin-induced FPP depletion and impairment of protein farnesylation. Compound 5 in combination with the NBP zoledronate completely prevented zoledronate-induced impairment of both protein farnesylation and geranylgeranylation. Cotreatment of cells with compound 5 and either lovastatin or zoledronate was able to significantly prevent the reduction of cell viability caused by lovastatin or zoledronate alone. The combination of an SQS inhibitor with an HMGCR or FDPS inhibitor provides a rational approach for reducing cholesterol synthesis while preventing nonsterol isoprenoid depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian M Wasko
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Yang G, Shen C, Zhang L, Zhang W. Nickel-catalyzed Arbuzov reactions of aryl triflates with triethyl phosphite. Tetrahedron Lett 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2011.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Kettles TJ, Cockburn N, Tam W. Ruthenium-catalyzed homo Diels-Alder [2 + 2 + 2] cycloadditions of alkynyl phosphonates with bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene. J Org Chem 2011; 76:6951-7. [PMID: 21732634 DOI: 10.1021/jo2010928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ruthenium-catalyzed homo Diels-Alder [2 + 2 + 2] cycloadditions between alkynyl phosphonates and bicyclo[2.2.1]hepta-2,5-diene were studied. The observed reactivity was found to be dependent on the presence of the phosphonate moiety. The Ru-catalyzed cycloaddition was compatible with a variety of aromatic and aliphatic substituted alkynyl phosphonates, providing the corresponding phosphonate substituted deltacyclenes in low to good yields (up to 88%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner J Kettles
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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In vitro and in vivo antiplasmodial activities of risedronate and its interference with protein prenylation in Plasmodium falciparum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2011; 55:2026-31. [PMID: 21357292 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01820-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing resistance of malarial parasites to almost all available drugs calls for the identification of new compounds and the detection of novel targets. Here, we establish the antimalarial activities of risedronate, one of the most potent bisphosphonates clinically used to treat bone resorption diseases, against blood stages of Plasmodium falciparum (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] of 20.3±1.0 μM). We also suggest a mechanism of action for risedronate against the intraerythrocytic stage of P. falciparum and show that protein prenylation seems to be modulated directly by this drug. Risedronate inhibits the transfer of the farnesyl pyrophosphate group to parasite proteins, an effect not observed for the transfer of geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate. Our in vivo experiments further demonstrate that risedronate leads to an 88.9% inhibition of the rodent parasite Plasmodium berghei in mice on the seventh day of treatment; however, risedronate treatment did not result in a general increase of survival rates.
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Placzek AT, Krzysiak AJ, Gibbs RA. Chemical Probes of Protein Prenylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-415922-8.00005-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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Ortial S, Thompson DA, Montchamp JL. Mixed 1,1-Bisphosphorus Compounds: Synthesis, Alkylation, and Horner−Wadsworth−Emmons Olefination Reactions. J Org Chem 2010; 75:8166-79. [DOI: 10.1021/jo101814w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Ortial
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Dane A. Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
| | - Jean-Luc Montchamp
- Department of Chemistry, Box 298860, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129, United States
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Han LB, Ono Y, Xu Q, Shimada S. Highly Selective Markovnikov Addition of HypervalentH-Spirophosphoranes to Alkynes Mediated by Palladium Acetate: Generality and Mechanism. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20100141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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30
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Audin C, Daran JC, Deydier É, Manoury É, Poli R. New ferrocenyl P,O ligands with polar substituents. CR CHIM 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2010.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Duez S, Coudray L, Mouray E, Grellier P, Dubois J. Towards the synthesis of bisubstrate inhibitors of protein farnesyltransferase: Synthesis and biological evaluation of new farnesylpyrophosphate analogues. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:543-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2009.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Kalek M, Jezowska M, Stawinski J. Preparation of Arylphosphonates by Palladium(0)-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling in the Presence of Acetate Additives: Synthetic and Mechanistic Studies. Adv Synth Catal 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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33
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Luo Y, Wu J. Synthesis of Arylphosphonates via Palladium-Catalyzed Coupling Reactions of Aryl Imidazolylsulfonates with H-Phosphonate Diesters. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900771v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 354 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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Al-Maksoud W, Mesnager J, Jaber F, Pinel C, Djakovitch L. Synthesis of diethyl 2-(aryl)vinylphosphonates by the Heck reaction catalysed by well-defined palladium complexes. J Organomet Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2009.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Cockburn N, Karimi E, Tam W. Ruthenium-Catalyzed [2 + 2] Cycloadditions of Bicyclic Alkenes with Alkynyl Phosphonates. J Org Chem 2009; 74:5762-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Cockburn
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Elham Karimi
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - William Tam
- Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
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Neighbors JD, Topczewski JJ, Swenson DC, Wiemer DF. Synthesis of the cis-fused hexahydroxanthene system via cationic cascade cyclization. Tetrahedron Lett 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2009.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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37
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Rostamnia S, Alizadeh A, Zhu LG. Novel three-component route to diastereoselective synthesis of trisubstituted vinylphosphonates using phosphites, acetylenic esters, and aroyl chlorides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 11:143-5. [PMID: 19099427 DOI: 10.1021/cc800128j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Trisubstituted vinylphosphonates have been prepared via three-component reaction using phosphites, acetylenic esters, and aroyl chlorides in good yields. A variety of phosphites, activated acetylenes, and aroyl chlorides have been successfully employed in these reactions. In addition, three-component synthesis of vinylphosphonate provides exclusive E-olefin stereochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Rostamnia
- Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Kalek M, Ziadi A, Stawinski J. Microwave-assisted palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of aryl and vinyl halides with H-phosphonate diesters. Org Lett 2008; 10:4637-40. [PMID: 18808138 DOI: 10.1021/ol801935r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A general and efficient method for the microwave-assisted formation of the C-P bond was developed. Using a prevalent palladium catalyst, Pd(PPh3)4, a quantitative cross-coupling of various H-phosphonate diesters with aryl and vinyl halides was achieved in less than 10 min. The reactions occurred with retention of configuration at the phosphorus center and in the vinyl moiety. Using this protocol, several C-phosphonates, including those bearing nucleoside and cholesteryl moieties, were prepared in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Kalek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Arrhenius Laboratory, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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Ertürk E, Demir AS. Highly efficient and selective olefination of acyl phosphonates with ethyl diazoacetate catalyzed by a cobalt(II) porphyrin complex. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.05.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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40
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Naga Raju C, Hari Babu B, Syam Prasad G, F. Stephen Babu M, Haranath P, Hemadri Reddy S. Synthesis and Bioactivity of Novel Bisphosphonate Derivatives. HETEROCYCLES 2008. [DOI: 10.3987/com-07-11246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wiemer AJ, Yu JS, Lamb KM, Hohl RJ, Wiemer DF. Mono- and dialkyl isoprenoid bisphosphonates as geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 16:390-9. [PMID: 17905588 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2007] [Revised: 09/13/2007] [Accepted: 09/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Nitrogenous bisphosphonates are used clinically to reduce bone resorption associated with osteoporosis or metastatic bone disease, and are recognized as inhibitors of farnesyl diphosphate synthase. Inhibition of this enzyme decreases cellular levels of both farnesyl diphosphate and geranylgeranyl diphosphate which results in a variety of downstream biological effects including inhibition of protein geranylgeranylation. Our lab recently has prepared several isoprenoid bisphosphonates that inhibit protein geranylgeranylation and showed that one selectively inhibits geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase. This results in depletion of intracellular geranylgeranyl diphosphate and impacts protein geranylgeranylation but does not affect protein farnesylation. To clarify the structural features of isoprenoid bisphosphonates that account for their geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibition, we have prepared a new group of isoprenoid bisphosphonates. The complete set of compounds has been tested for in vitro inhibition of human recombinant geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase and cellular inhibition of protein geranylgeranylation. These results show some surprising relationships between in vitro and cellular activity, and will guide development of clinical agents directed at geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Wiemer
- Interdisciplinary Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
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42
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Quntar AAAA, Gallily R, Katzavian G, Srebnik M. Potent anti-inflammatory activity of 3-aminovinylphosphonates as inhibitors of reactive oxygen intermediates, nitric oxides generation, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha release. Eur J Pharmacol 2007; 556:9-13. [PMID: 17161836 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2005] [Revised: 10/16/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Two 3-aminoalkenylphosphonate compounds 1, 2, and a hydroxyl derivative, 2-(3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl)hex-1-enylphosphonate 3, recently synthesized in our lab, have been evaluated for their ability to modulate the production of reactive oxygen intermediates, nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) by murine macrophages. We found that all three molecules suppressed generation of reactive oxygen intermediates, NO, and TNF-alpha. However, although 2-(3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropyl)hex-1-enylphosphonate 3 possessed higher activity in suppression of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide compared to 3-aminoalkenylphosphonates 1 and 2, it showed less activity in the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abed Al Aziz Al Quntar
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University Jerusalem 91120, Israel
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43
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Maalouf MA, Wiemer AJ, Kuder CH, Hohl RJ, Wiemer DF. Synthesis of fluorescently tagged isoprenoid bisphosphonates that inhibit protein geranylgeranylation. Bioorg Med Chem 2007; 15:1959-66. [PMID: 17254791 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2007.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2006] [Revised: 11/21/2006] [Accepted: 01/01/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Geminal bisphosphonates can be used for a variety of purposes in human disease including reduction of bone resorption in osteoporosis, treatment of fractures associated with malignancies of the prostate, breast, and lung, and direct anticancer activity against bone marrow derived malignancies. Previous research led to identification of some novel isoprenoid bisphosphonates that inhibit geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) synthesis and diminish protein geranylgeranylation. Described here is the synthesis of fluorescent anthranilate analogues of the most active isoprenoid bisphosphonates and examine their ability to impact post-translational processing of the small GTPases Ras, Rap1a, and Rab6. Similar to their non-fluorescent counterparts, some of these fluorescent isoprenoid bisphosphonates diminish protein geranylgeranylation. Their biological activity and fluorescent character suggest that they may be useful in studies of bisphosphonate localization both in cultured cells and in whole organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona A Maalouf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
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Thielges S, Bisseret P, Eustache J. Copper-mediated cross-coupling of H-phosphonates with vinyliodonium salts: a novel very mild synthesis of 2-arylvinylphosphonates. Org Lett 2006; 7:681-4. [PMID: 15704924 DOI: 10.1021/ol047516y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel, very mild, highly stereoselective preparation of 2-arylvinylphosphonates at room temperature that involves the copper iodide-mediated cross-coupling of H-phosphonates with vinyliodonium tetrafluoroborates. [Structure: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine Thielges
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Bioorganique associé au CNRS, Université de Haute-Alsace, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Mulhouse, 3 rue Alfred Werner, F-68093 Mulhouse Cedex, France
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45
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Quntar AAA, Rosenthal D, Srebnik M. Synthesis of novel 5-hydroxyalkenylphosphonates by addition of aromatic aldehydes to zirconacyclopentenylphosphonates. Tetrahedron 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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46
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Goffinet M, Thoulouzan M, Pradines A, Lajoie-Mazenc I, Weinbaum C, Faye JC, Séronie-Vivien S. Zoledronic acid treatment impairs protein geranyl-geranylation for biological effects in prostatic cells. BMC Cancer 2006; 6:60. [PMID: 16539721 PMCID: PMC1434759 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2006] [Accepted: 03/15/2006] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (N-BPs) have been designed to inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. However, it is now accepted that part of their anti-tumor activities is related to interference with the mevalonate pathway. Methods We investigated the effects of zoledronic acid (ZOL), on cell proliferation and protein isoprenylation in two tumoral (LnCAP, PC-3,), and one normal established (PNT1-A) prostatic cell line. To assess if inhibition of geranyl-geranylation by ZOL impairs the biological activity of RhoA GTPase, we studied the LPA-induced formation of stress fibers. The inhibitory effect of ZOL on geranyl geranyl transferase I was checked biochemically. Activity of ZOL on cholesterol biosynthesis was determined by measuring the incorporation of 14C mevalonate in cholesterol. Results ZOL induced dose-dependent inhibition of proliferation of all the three cell lines although it appeared more efficient on the untransformed PNT1A. Whatever the cell line, 20 μM ZOL-induced inhibition was reversed by geranyl-geraniol (GGOH) but neither by farnesol nor mevalonate. After 48 hours treatment of cells with 20 μM ZOL, geranyl-geranylation of Rap1A was abolished whereas farnesylation of HDJ-2 was unaffected. Inhibition of Rap1A geranyl-geranylation by ZOL was rescued by GGOH and not by FOH. Indeed, as observed with treatment by a geranyl-geranyl transferase inhibitor, treatment of PNT1-A cells with 20 μM ZOL prevented the LPA-induced formation of stress fibers. We checked that in vitro ZOL did not inhibit geranyl-geranyl-transferase I. ZOL strongly inhibited cholesterol biosynthesis up to 24 hours but at 48 hours 90% of this biosynthesis was rescued. Conclusion Although zoledronic acid is currently the most efficient bisphosphonate in metastatic prostate cancer management, its mechanism of action in prostatic cells remains unclear. We suggest in this work that although in first intention ZOL inhibits FPPsynthase its main biological actitivity is directed against protein Geranylgeranylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Goffinet
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - M Thoulouzan
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - A Pradines
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - I Lajoie-Mazenc
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - Carolyn Weinbaum
- Duke University, Medical Center Department of Pharmacology & Cancer Biology, Durham, NC, USA
| | - JC Faye
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
| | - S Séronie-Vivien
- Inserm U563, Centre de Physiopathologie de Toulouse Purpan, Département "Innovation Thérapeutique et Oncologie Moléculaire", Institut Claudius Regaud, Toulouse, France
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Shull LW, Wiemer AJ, Hohl RJ, Wiemer DF. Synthesis and biological activity of isoprenoid bisphosphonates. Bioorg Med Chem 2006; 14:4130-6. [PMID: 16517172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2005] [Revised: 02/03/2006] [Accepted: 02/06/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Bisphosphonates have been used in the clinic to treat osteoporosis and to reduce bone resorption and the accompanying pathological bone fractures that attend a number of malignancies including multiple myeloma and cancers of the prostate, breast, and lung. There is also evidence that some bisphosphonates have direct anticancer activity. Expansion of the current class of bisphosphonates may lead to compounds that more selectively and potently target these cancers through inhibition of the mevalonate pathway. To this end, a set of dialkyl bisphosphonates bearing isoprenoid chains of varying lengths has been synthesized. Some of these compounds were found to have biological activity on post-translational processing of the oncogenic small GTPases, Ras and Rap1a, in human-derived K562 leukemia cells. Most importantly, these compounds impair protein geranylgeranylation and not protein farnesylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larry W Shull
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242-1294, USA
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Neighbors JD, Salnikova MS, Beutler JA, Wiemer DF. Synthesis and structure-activity studies of schweinfurthin B analogs: Evidence for the importance of a D-ring hydrogen bond donor in expression of differential cytotoxicity. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 14:1771-84. [PMID: 16290161 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2005] [Revised: 10/14/2005] [Accepted: 10/17/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and biological evaluation of several enantioenriched schweinfurthin B analogs were undertaken to develop structure-activity relationships and guide design of probes for their putative molecular target. The desired stilbenes contain a common left-half hexahydroxanthene ring system and an aromatic right-half with varied substituents. The synthesis involves penultimate Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons coupling of one of several right-half phosphonates with the aldehyde comprising the left-half of 3-deoxyschweinfurthin B. Preparation of the requisite phosphonates, and the respective stilbenes, as well as the cytotoxicity profiles of these new compounds in the National Cancer Institute's 60 cell-line anticancer screen is described. Several of these analogs displayed cytotoxicity patterns well-correlated with the natural product and differences in activity of approximately 10(3) across the various cell lines. Together, these assay results indicate the importance of at least one free phenol group on the aromatic D-ring of this system for differential cytotoxicity.
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Kukhanova MK, Zakirova NF, Ivanov AV, Alexandrova LA, Jasco MV, Khomutov AR. Hypophosphoric acid is a unique substrate of pyrophosphorolysis catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 338:1335-41. [PMID: 16271706 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.10.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2005] [Accepted: 10/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pyrophosphate analogues, namely, pyrophosphorous, hypophosphoric, and hypophosphorous acids, were evaluated as inhibitors in elongation reactions and substrates in pyrophosphorolysis reaction catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase I (the Klenow fragment). The substrate efficacy of hypophosphoric acid in pyrophosphorolysis reaction exceeded that of pyrophosphate for both enzymes by more than ten times. The product of the reaction was a dNTP analogue bearing a hypophosphate in the beta,gamma-position. Pyrophosphorous and hypophosphorous acids were neither inhibitors nor substrates for the enzymes. Kinetic parameters of the pyrophosphorolysis reaction catalyzed by HIV reverse transcriptase in the presence of hypophosphoric acid were evaluated. The dTMP analogue bearing a hypophosphate in the beta,gamma-position was synthesized and its substrate properties in elongation reaction catalyzed by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase were similar to those of natural dTTP. Hypophosphoric acid was capable of removing ddTMP, ddTMP(3'N3), and ddTMP(3'NH2) from the 3'-end of primers with an equal efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina K Kukhanova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
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50
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Szajnman SH, García Liñares G, Moro P, Rodriguez JB. New Insights into the Chemistry ofgem-Bis(phosphonates): Unexpected Rearrangement of Michael-Type Acceptors. European J Org Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200500097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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