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Darehkordi A, Ramezani M, Ranjbar-Karimi R. Synthesis of New Gluco-, Galacto-, and Mannopyranosylthiazoles, Thiazolidinones, and Pyranosylthiazlidin-4-ones from Sugar Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives. HETEROATOM CHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/hc.21083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Darehkordi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Vali-e-Asr University; Rafsanjan; 77176; Iran
| | - Mahin Ramezani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Vali-e-Asr University; Rafsanjan; 77176; Iran
| | - Reza Ranjbar-Karimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; Vali-e-Asr University; Rafsanjan; 77176; Iran
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2
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Bojarová P, Rosencrantz RR, Elling L, Křen V. Enzymatic glycosylation of multivalent scaffolds. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:4774-97. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cs35395d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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3
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Clarke PA, Mistry N, Thomas GH. Synthesis of the complete series of mono acetates of N-acetyl-d-neuraminic acid. Org Biomol Chem 2012; 10:529-35. [DOI: 10.1039/c1ob06348k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Gupta SV, Gupta D, Sun J, Dahan A, Tsume Y, Hilfinger J, Lee KD, Amidon GL. Enhancing the intestinal membrane permeability of zanamivir: a carrier mediated prodrug approach. Mol Pharm 2011; 8:2358-67. [PMID: 21905667 DOI: 10.1021/mp200291x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to improve the membrane permeability and oral absorption of the poorly permeable anti-influenza agent, zanamivir. The poor oral bioavailability is attributed to the high polarity (cLogP ∼ -5) resulting from the polar and zwitterionic nature of zanamivir. In order to improve the permeability of zanamivir, prodrugs with amino acids were developed to target the intestinal membrane transporter, hPepT1. Several acyloxy ester prodrugs of zanamivir conjugated with amino acids were synthesized and characterized. The prodrugs were evaluated for their chemical stability in buffers at various pHs and for their transport and tissue activation by enzymes. The acyloxy ester prodrugs of zanamivir were shown to competitively inhibit [(3)H]Gly-Sar uptake in Caco-2 cells (IC(50): 1.19 ± 0.33 mM for L-valyl prodrug of zanamivir). The L-valyl prodrug of zanamivir exhibited ∼3-fold higher uptake in transfected HeLa/hPepT1 cells compared to wild type HeLa cells, suggesting, at least in part, carrier mediated transport by the hPepT1 transporter. Further, enhanced transcellular permeability of prodrugs across Caco-2 monolayer compared to the parent drug (P(app) = 2.24 × 10(-6) ± 1.33 × 10(-7) cm/s for L-valyl prodrug of zanamivir), with only parent zanamivir appearing in the receiver compartment, indicates that the prodrugs exhibited both enhanced transport and activation in intestinal mucosal cells. Most significantly, several of these prodrugs exhibited high intestinal jejunal membrane permeability, similar to metoprolol, in the in situ rat intestinal perfusion system, a system highly correlated with human jejunal permeability. In summary, this mechanistic targeted prodrug strategy, to enhance oral absorption via intestinal membrane carriers such as hPepT1, followed by activation to parent drug (active pharmaceutical ingredient or API) in the mucosal cell, significantly improves the intestinal epithelial cell permeability of zanamivir and has the potential to provide the high oral bioavailability necessary for oral zanamivir therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheeba Varghese Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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5
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Miller JM, Dahan A, Gupta D, Varghese S, Amidon GL. Enabling the intestinal absorption of highly polar antiviral agents: ion-pair facilitated membrane permeation of zanamivir heptyl ester and guanidino oseltamivir. Mol Pharm 2010; 7:1223-34. [PMID: 20536260 DOI: 10.1021/mp100050d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Antiviral drugs often suffer from poor intestinal permeability, preventing their delivery via the oral route. The goal of this work was to enhance the intestinal absorption of the low-permeability antiviral agents zanamivir heptyl ester (ZHE) and guanidino oseltamivir (GO) utilizing an ion-pairing approach, as a critical step toward making them oral drugs. The counterion 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (HNAP) was utilized to enhance the lipophilicity and permeability of the highly polar drugs. HNAP substantially increased the log P of the drugs by up to 3.7 log units. Binding constants (K(11(aq))) of 388 M(-1) for ZHE-HNAP and 2.91 M(-1) for GO-HNAP were obtained by applying a quasi-equilibrium transport model to double-reciprocal plots of apparent octanol-buffer distribution coefficients versus HNAP concentration. HNAP enhanced the apparent permeability (P(app)) of both compounds across Caco-2 cell monolayers in a concentration-dependent manner, as substantial P(app) (0.8-3.0 x 10(-6) cm/s) was observed in the presence of 6-24 mM HNAP, whereas no detectable transport was observed without counterion. Consistent with a quasi-equilibrium transport model, a linear relationship with slope near 1 was obtained from a log-log plot of Caco-2 P(app) versus HNAP concentration, supporting the ion-pair mechanism behind the permeability enhancement. In the rat jejunal perfusion assay, the addition of HNAP failed to increase the effective permeability (P(eff)) of GO. However, the rat jejunal permeability of ZHE was significantly enhanced by the addition of HNAP in a concentration-dependent manner, from essentially zero without HNAP to 4.0 x 10(-5) cm/s with 10 mM HNAP, matching the P(eff) of the high-permeability standard metoprolol. The success of ZHE-HNAP was explained by its >100-fold stronger K(11(aq)) versus GO-HNAP, making ZHE-HNAP less prone to dissociation and ion-exchange with competing endogenous anions and able to remain intact during membrane permeation. Overall, this work presents a novel approach to enable the oral delivery of highly polar antiviral drugs, and provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms governing the success or failure of the ion-pairing strategy to increase oral absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan M Miller
- Center for Molecular Drug Targeting, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
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6
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Zou Y, Albohy A, Sandbhor M, Cairo CW. Inhibition of human neuraminidase 3 (NEU3) by C9-triazole derivatives of 2,3-didehydro-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2010; 20:7529-33. [PMID: 21036040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2010.09.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2010] [Revised: 09/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a series of C9 and N5Ac modified analogs of 2,3-didehydro-N-acetyl-neuraminic acid (DANA) and their inhibitory potency for the human neuraminidase 3 (NEU3) enzyme. We were able to generate a small library of compounds through the synthesis of azide derivatives of DANA, followed by Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) to generate triazole-containing inhibitors. Our results suggest that NEU3 can tolerate large hydrophobic groups at the C9 position; however, none of the derivatives made at the N5Ac side-chain were active. We identify three new inhibitors that have comparable potency to the best reported inhibitors of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zou
- Alberta Ingenuity Centre for Carbohydrate Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Zhao Q, Shen C, Zheng H, Zhang J, Zhang P. Synthesis, characterization, and cytotoxicity of some novel glycosyl thiazol-2-imines as antitumoral agents. Carbohydr Res 2010; 345:437-41. [PMID: 20035929 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2009.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 11/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
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8
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Crich D, Wu B. Imposing the trans/gauche conformation on a sialic acid donor with a 5-N,7-O-oxazinanone group: effect on glycosylation stereoselectivity. Tetrahedron 2008; 64:2042-2047. [PMID: 19247426 PMCID: PMC2494599 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2007.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A 5-N,7-O-oxazinanone derivative of a thiosialic acid ester has been synthesized and investigated for the effect of conformational restriction on glycosylation. The cyclic group is found to be powerfully disarming, but to have no beneficial effect on reaction stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Crich
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Baolin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
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9
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Halcomb RL, Chappell MD. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN TECHNOLOGY FOR GLYCOSYLATION WITH SIALIC ACID. J Carbohydr Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/car-120016488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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10
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11
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Li J, Zheng M, Tang W, He PL, Zhu W, Li T, Zuo JP, Liu H, Jiang H. Syntheses of triazole-modified zanamivir analogues via click chemistry and anti-AIV activities. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:5009-13. [PMID: 16876409 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2006] [Revised: 06/05/2006] [Accepted: 07/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen novel 4-triazole-modified zanamivir (1) analogues were synthesized using the click reactions, and their inhibitory activities against avian influenza virus (AIV, H5N1) were determined. Compound 3b exerts promising inhibitory activity with EC(50) of 6.4 microM, which is very close to that of zanamivir (EC(50) = 2.8 microM). Molecular modeling provided the information about the binding model between inhibitors and neuraminidase, which are in good agreement with inhibitory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Drug Discovery and Design Centre, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
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Abstract
The development of chemical and enzymatic methods for the synthesis of homogeneous glycoproteins is a fascinating challenge at the interface between chemistry and biology. Discussed here are the currently available methods for preparation of homogeneous glycoproteins. These methods include (1) glycopeptide ligation; (2) glycoprotein remodeling; and (3) in vivo suppressor tRNA technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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13
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Yu H, Chokhawala H, Karpel R, Yu H, Wu B, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Jia Q, Chen X. A Multifunctional Pasteurella multocida Sialyltransferase: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis of Sialoside Libraries. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:17618-9. [PMID: 16351087 DOI: 10.1021/ja0561690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 267] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A multifunctional sialyltransferase has been cloned from Pasteurella multocida strain P-1059 and expressed in E. coli as a truncated C-terminal His6-tagged recombinant protein (tPm0188Ph). Biochemical studies indicate that the obtained protein is (1) an alpha2,3-sialyltransferase (main function), (2) an alpha2,6-sialyltransferase, (3) an alpha2,3-sialidase, and (4) an alpha2,3-trans-sialidase. The recombinant tPm0188Ph is a powerful tool in the synthesis of structurally diverse sialoside libraries due to its relaxed substrate specificity, high solubility, high expression level, and multifunctionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, California 95616, USA
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14
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Wang N, Wu Q, Xiao YM, Chen CX, Lin XF. Regioselective synthesis of cyclodextrin mono-substituted conjugates of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs at C-2 secondary hydroxyl by protease in non-aqueous media. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:3667-71. [PMID: 15862995 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2005] [Revised: 03/16/2005] [Accepted: 03/16/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Three beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) conjugates of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were synthesized by enzymatic methods. Transesterification of beta-CD with vinyl ester of indomethacin, ketoprofen and etodolac was performed by the catalysis of alkaline protease from Bacillus subtilis in anhydrous DMF for 3 days. The drug molecules were selectively conjugated onto one of the secondary hydroxyl groups of beta-CD through ester-linkage to improve their poor water solubility and absorption characteristics. The products were characterized by ESI-MS, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR. The structures of products with monoacylation occurring at the C-2 secondary hydroxyl groups of beta-CD were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China
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15
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Yu H, Yu H, Karpel R, Chen X. Chemoenzymatic synthesis of CMP-sialic acid derivatives by a one-pot two-enzyme system: comparison of substrate flexibility of three microbial CMP-sialic acid synthetases. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 12:6427-35. [PMID: 15556760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2004.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2004] [Accepted: 09/16/2004] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Three C terminal His6-tagged recombinant microbial CMP-sialic acid synthetases [EC 2.7.7.43] cloned from Neisseria meningitidis group B, Streptococcus agalactiae serotype V, and Escherichia coli K1, respectively, were evaluated for their ability in the synthesis of CMP-sialic acid derivatives in a one-pot two-enzyme system. In this system, N-acetylmannosamine or mannose analogs were condensed with pyruvate, catalyzed by a recombinant sialic acid aldolase [EC 4.1.3.3] cloned from E. coli K12 to provide sialic acid analogs as substrates for the CMP-sialic acid synthetases. The substrate flexibility and the reaction efficiency of the three recombinant CMP-sialic acid synthetases were compared, first by qualitative screening using thin layer chromatography, and then by quantitative analysis using high performance liquid chromatography. The N. meningitidis synthetase was shown to have the highest expression level, the most flexible substrate specificity, and the highest catalytic efficiency among the three synthetases. Finally, eight sugar nucleotides, including cytidine 5'-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac) and its derivatives with substitutions at carbon-5, carbon-8, or carbon-9 of Neu5Ac, were synthesized in a preparative (100-200 mg) scale from their 5- or 6-carbon sugar precursors using the N. meningitidis synthetase and the aldolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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16
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17
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Kiefel MJ, von Itzstein M. Recent advances in the synthesis of sialic acid derivatives and sialylmimetics as biological probes. Chem Rev 2002; 102:471-90. [PMID: 11841251 DOI: 10.1021/cr000414a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Milton J Kiefel
- Centre for Biomolecular Science and Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, PMB 50 Gold Coast Mail Centre, Queensland 9726, Australia
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18
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Izumi M, Shen GJ, Wacowich-Sgarbi S, Nakatani T, Plettenburg O, Wong CH. Microbial glycosyltransferases for carbohydrate synthesis: alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase from Neisseria gonorrheae. J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:10909-18. [PMID: 11686694 DOI: 10.1021/ja011382r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase from Neisseria gonorrheae was overproduced in E. coli for exploitation of its substrate specificity and synthetic utility. Several potential acceptor substrates were synthesized in this study, including mono- and oligosaccharides, glycolipids, and glycopeptides and their sulfate derivatives. Some CMP-sialic acid derivatives with modification at the C-5 position were also prepared for evaluation as donor substrates. It was found that the enzyme exhibits a broader acceptor substrate specificity when compared to other sialyltransferases, though the donor specificity is quite limited. Application of the enzyme to the preparative synthesis of representative sialyl glycoconjugates has been demonstrated. On the basis of this work and the work of others, this enzyme is the most versatile and synthetically useful among all sialyltransferases known to date, especially for the synthesis of sulfate-containing glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Izumi
- Department of Chemistry, Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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19
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Koeller KM, Wong CH. Synthesis of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates: enzyme-based and programmable one-pot strategies. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4465-94. [PMID: 11749355 DOI: 10.1021/cr990297n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 347] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K M Koeller
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- G J Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602
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21
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Koeller KM, Wong CH. Complex carbohydrate synthesis tools for glycobiologists: enzyme-based approach and programmable one-pot strategies. Glycobiology 2000; 10:1157-69. [PMID: 11087708 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/10.11.1157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultimate goal in complex carbohydrate synthesis is to develop synthetic tools which are simple and easily accessible to glycobiologists. This review will describe methods which have the potential to reach this goal, with particular focus on enzymatic and computer-based one-pot approaches for the preparation of complex carbohydrates and glycoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Koeller
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute and Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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22
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Abstract
It has been shown that all selectins recognize the carbohydrate epitopes sialyl Lewis(x) and sialyl Lewis(a). For the establishment of the structure-activity relationship, the efficient synthesis of these tetrasaccharides and derivatives is therefore of vital interest. The glycosyl transferase-mediated approach is summarized with emphasis on the use of modified acceptors and modified sugar-nucleotide donors. A survey of the involved enzymes: beta(1-3) and beta(1-4)galactosyl transferases, alpha(2-3)sialyl transferase, FucT III and FucT VI reveals that the enzymatic synthesis is highly efficient for the rapid preparation of sialyl Lewis(x)- and sialyl Lewis(a)-derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ernst
- University of Basel, Institute of Molecular Pharmacy, Switzerland.
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