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Schönauer E, Kany AM, Haupenthal J, Hüsecken K, Hoppe IJ, Voos K, Yahiaoui S, Elsässer B, Ducho C, Brandstetter H, Hartmann RW. Discovery of a Potent Inhibitor Class with High Selectivity toward Clostridial Collagenases. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:12696-12703. [PMID: 28820255 PMCID: PMC5607459 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b06935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
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Secreted virulence
factors like bacterial collagenases are conceptually
attractive targets for fighting microbial infections. However, previous
attempts to develop potent compounds against these metalloproteases
failed to achieve selectivity against human matrix metalloproteinases
(MMPs). Using a surface plasmon resonance-based screening complemented
with enzyme inhibition assays, we discovered an N-aryl mercaptoacetamide-based inhibitor scaffold that showed
sub-micromolar affinities toward collagenase H (ColH) from the human
pathogen Clostridium histolyticum. Moreover, these
inhibitors also efficiently blocked the homologous bacterial collagenases,
ColG from C. histolyticum, ColT from C. tetani, and ColQ1 from the Bacillus cereus strain Q1,
while showing negligible activity toward human MMPs-1, -2, -3, -7,
-8, and -14. The most active compound displayed a more than 1000-fold
selectivity over human MMPs. This selectivity can be rationalized
by the crystal structure of ColH with this compound, revealing a distinct
non-primed binding mode to the active site. The non-primed binding
mode presented here paves the way for the development of selective
broad-spectrum bacterial collagenase inhibitors with potential therapeutic
application in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Schönauer
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg , Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Andreas M Kany
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Jörg Haupenthal
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Kristina Hüsecken
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Isabel J Hoppe
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg , Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Katrin Voos
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Samir Yahiaoui
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Brigitta Elsässer
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg , Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Christian Ducho
- Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hans Brandstetter
- Division of Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg , Billrothstrasse 11, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Rolf W Hartmann
- Department of Drug Design and Optimization, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus C2.3, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
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Bahekar SP, Hande SV, Agrawal NR, Chandak HS, Bhoj PS, Goswami K, Reddy M. Sulfonamide chalcones: Synthesis and in vitro exploration for therapeutic potential against Brugia malayi. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 124:262-269. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Schönauer E, Brandstetter H. Inhibition and Activity Regulation of Bacterial Collagenases. TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/7355_2016_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Gupta SP. QSAR Studies on Hydroxamic Acids: A Fascinating Family of Chemicals with a Wide Spectrum of Activities. Chem Rev 2015; 115:6427-90. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500483r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satya P. Gupta
- Department of Applied Sciences, National Institute of Technical Teachers’ Training and Research, Shamla
Hills, Bhopal-462002, India
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5
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Medicinal applications of perfluoroalkylated chain-containing compounds. Future Med Chem 2015; 6:1201-29. [PMID: 25078138 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.14.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Compounds with polyfluorinated molecular fragments possess unique properties associated with the presence of a large number of fluorine atoms that affect lipophilicity and conformational rigidity of the parent molecule along with other effects. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of synthesized compounds possessing perfluoroalkylated or polyfluorinated chains that have been tested for bioactivity or as potential drug candidates for the treatment of various diseases. As far as the length of the perfluoroalkylated chain is concerned the focus is centered on the compound bearing perfluoroethyl or tetrafluoroethyl as well as longer chains. The perfluoroalkylated compounds discussed are classified according to their biological activity.
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Shcheglova NG, Kustova TP, Kochetova LB, Kalinina NV. Kinetics of arenesulfonylation of glycine, D,L-α-alanine, and D,L-valine in water-organic media. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363209040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Gupta SP. Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationship Studies on Zinc-Containing Metalloproteinase Inhibitors. Chem Rev 2007; 107:3042-87. [PMID: 17622180 DOI: 10.1021/cr030448t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Satya P Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-333031, India.
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Kustova TP, Kochetova LB, Kalinina NV. Kinetics of glycine arenesulfonylation in the water-propan-2-ol system. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363207060151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang J, Uttamchandani M, Li J, Hu M, Yao SQ. Rapid Assembly of Matrix Metalloprotease Inhibitors Using Click Chemistry. Org Lett 2006; 8:3821-4. [PMID: 16898826 DOI: 10.1021/ol061431a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A panel of 96 metalloprotease inhibitors was assembled using "click chemistry" by reacting eight zinc-binding hydroxamate warheads with 12 azide building blocks. Screens of the bidentate compounds against representative metalloproteases provided discerning inhibition fingerprints, revealing compounds with low micromolar potency against MMP-7. The relative ease and convenience of the strategy in constructing focused chemical libraries for rapid in situ screening of MMPs is thereby demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Medicinal Chemistry Program of the Office of Life Sciences, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Republic of Singapore
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Gupta SP, Kumaran S. A quantitative structure-activity relationship study on Clostridium histolyticum collagenase inhibitors: roles of electrotopological state indices. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:3065-71. [PMID: 12818668 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00275-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) study has been made on eight different series of Clostridium histolyticum collegenase (ChC) inhibitors. These series are comprised of four different groups of sulfonylated amino acids and their corresponding hydroxamates. In each series, the inhibition potency of the compounds has been found to be significantly correlated with the electrotopological state (E-state) indices of nitrogen and sulfur atoms of the sulfonylated amino group in the molecules, showing the importance of the electronic characterstics of these atoms in controlling the inhibition potency of the compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani-333031, India.
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Ilies M, Banciu MD, Scozzafava A, Ilies MA, Caproiu MT, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors: synthesis of bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating arylsulfonylureido and 5-dibenzo-suberenyl/suberyl moieties. Bioorg Med Chem 2003; 11:2227-39. [PMID: 12713832 DOI: 10.1016/s0968-0896(03)00113-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/bacterial collagenase inhibitors are reported, considering the sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates as lead molecules. A series of compounds was prepared by reaction of arylsulfonyl isocyanates with N-(5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl)- and N-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5-yl) methyl glycocolate, respectively, followed by the conversion of the COOMe to the carboxylate/hydroxamate moieties. The corresponding derivatives with methylene and ethylene spacers between the polycyclic moiety and the amino acid functionality were also obtained by related synthetic strategies. These new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9, and of the collagenase isolated from Clostridium histolyticum (ChC). Some of the new derivatives reported here proved to be powerful inhibitors of the four MMPs mentioned above and of ChC, with activities in the low nanomolar range for some of the target enzymes, depending on the substitution pattern at the sulfonylureido moiety and on the length of the spacer through which the dibenzosuberenyl/suberyl group is connected with the rest of the molecule. Several of these inhibitors also showed selectivity for the deep pocket enzymes (MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9) over the shallow pocket ones MMP-1 and ChC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Ilies
- Università degli Studi, Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Via della Lastruccia 3, Rm 188, Polo Scientifico, 50019-Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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12
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Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors: synthesis of matrix metalloproteinase and bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole zinc binding functions. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:2667-72. [PMID: 12217351 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00564-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)/bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole zinc binding functions are reported. A series of compounds was prepared by reaction of arylsulfonyl isocyanates or arylsulfonyl halides with phenylalanyl-alanine, followed by coupling with 5-amino-2-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole in the presence of carbodiimides. These new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of human MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9, and of the collagenase isolated from the anaerobe Clostridium histolyticum (ChC). The new derivatives proved to be powerful inhibitors of these metalloproteases, with activities in the low micromolar range for some of the target enzymes, depending on the substitution pattern at the arylsulfonyl(ureido) moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi di Firenze, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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Abstract
Serine-, cysteine-, and metalloproteases are widely spread in many pathogenic bacteria, where they play critical functions related to colonization and evasion of host immune defenses, acquisition of nutrients for growth and proliferation, facilitation of dissemination, or tissue damage during infection. Since all the antibiotics used clinically at the moment share a common mechanism of action, acting as inhibitors of the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis or affecting protein synthesis on ribosomes, resistance to these pharmacological agents represents a serious medical problem, which might be resolved by using new generation of antibiotics, possessing a different mechanism of action. Bacterial protease inhibitors constitute an interesting such possibility, due to the fact that many specific as well as ubiquitous proteases have recently been characterized in some detail in both gram-positive as well as gram-negative pathogens. Few potent, specific inhibitors for such bacterial proteases have been reported at this moment except for some signal peptidase, clostripain, Clostridium histolyticum collagenase, botulinum neurotoxin, and tetanus neurotoxin inhibitors. No inhibitors of the critically important and ubiquitous AAA proteases, degP or sortase have been reported, although such compounds would presumably constitute a new class of highly effective antibiotics. This review presents the state of the art in the design of such enzyme inhibitors with potential therapeutic applications, as well as recent advances in the use of some of these proteases in therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudiu T Supuran
- University of Florence, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Firenze, Italy.
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Scozzafava A, Mastrolorenzo A, Supuran CT. Antimycobacterial activity of 9-sulfonylated/sulfenylated-6-mercaptopurine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2001; 11:1675-8. [PMID: 11425535 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00266-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A series of 9-sulfonylated/sulfenylated-6-mercaptopurines has been prepared by reaction of 6-mercaptopurine with sulfonyl/sulfenyl halides. These compounds constitute a new class of potent antimycobacterial agents, possessing MIC values against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in the range of 0.39-3.39 microg/mL, as well as appreciable activity against Mycobacterium avium. Furthermore, a compound of this small series exhibited good activity (MIC under 1 microg/mL) against several drug resistant strains of M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi, Via Gino Capponi 7, I-50121, Florence, Italy
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Clare BW, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors: synthesis of a series of bacterial collagenase inhibitors of the sulfonyl amino acyl hydroxamate type. J Med Chem 2001; 44:2253-8. [PMID: 11405662 DOI: 10.1021/jm010087e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of sulfonyl amino acyl hydroxamates incorporating alkyl/arylsulfonyl-N-2-nitrobenzyl-L-alanine was prepared. Related compounds were obtained by reaction of N-2-nitrobenzyl-L-Ala with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates, or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by the conversion of the COOH into the CONHOH moiety. The new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of the Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC), a bacterial protease involved in the degradation of extracellular matrix. Many of the obtained hydroxamates proved to be effective bacterial collagenase inhibitors, the main contributor to activity being the substitution pattern at the sulfonamido moiety. The best ChC inhibitors were those containing pentafluorophenylsulfonyl and 3- and 4-protected-aminophenylsulfonyl P(1)(') groups among others, with affinities in the low nanomolar range. This study also proves that the 2-nitrobenzyl- moiety, similarly to the 4-nitrobenyl one previously investigated (Scozzafava, A.; Supuran, C. T. J. Med. Chem. 2000, 43, 1858-1865) is an efficient P(2)(') anchoring moiety for obtaining potent bacterial collagenase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Clare
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, W.A. 6009 Australia.
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Clare BW, Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors, part 13: Specific, weakly basic thrombin inhibitors incorporating sulfonyl dicyandiamide moieties in their structure. JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION 2001; 16:1-13. [PMID: 11496831 DOI: 10.1080/14756360109162351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds has been prepared by reaction of dicyandiamide with alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides as well as arylsulfonylisocyanates to locate a lead for obtaining weakly basic thrombin inhibitors with sulfonyldicyandiamide moieties as the S1 anchoring group. The detected lead was sulfanilyl-dicyandiamide (K1 of 3 microM against thrombin, and 15 microM against trypsin), which has been further derivatized at the 4-amino group by incorporating arylsulfonylureido as well as amino acyl/dipeptidyl groups protected at the amino terminal moiety with benzyloxycarbonyl or tosylureido moieties. The best compound obtained (ts-D-Phe-Pro-sulfanilyl-dicyandiamide) showed inhibition constants of 9 nM against thrombin and 1400 nM against trypsin. pKa measurements showed that the new derivatives reported here do indeed possess a reduced basicity, with the pKa of the modified guanidine moieties in the range 7.9-8.3 pKa units. Molecular mechanics calculations showed that the preferred tautomeric form of these compounds is of the type ArSO2N=C(NH2) NH-CN, probably allowing for the formation of favorable interaction between this new anchoring group and the active site amino acid residue Asp 189, critical for substrate/inhibitor binding to this type of serine protease. Thus, the main finding of the present paper is that the sulfonyldicyandiamide group may constitute an interesting alternative for obtaining weakly basic, potent thrombin inhibitors, which bind with less affinity to trypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
- B W Clare
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia
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Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Carbonic anhydrase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors: sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates with MMP inhibitory properties act as efficient inhibitors of CA isozymes I, II, and IV, and N-hydroxysulfonamides inhibit both these zinc enzymes. J Med Chem 2000; 43:3677-87. [PMID: 11020282 DOI: 10.1021/jm000027t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The 14 different carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozymes as well as the 23 different matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) isolated up to now in higher vertebrates play important physiological functions in these organisms. Unsubstituted sulfonamides act as high-affinity inhibitors for the first type of these enzymes, whereas hydroxamates strongly inhibit the latter ones. Since the active site geometry around the zinc ion in these two types of metalloenzymes is rather similar, we tested whether sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamates of the type RSO(2)NX-AA-CONHOH (X = H, benzyl, substituted benzyl; AA = amino acid moiety, such as Gly, Ala, Val, Leu) with well-known inhibitory properties against MMPs and Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC, another zinc enzyme related to the MMPs) might also act as CA inhibitors. We also investigated whether N-hydroxysulfonamides of the type RSO(2)NHOH (which are effective CA inhibitors) inhibit MMPs and ChC. Here we report several potent sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamate CA inhibitors (with inhibition constants in the range of 5-40 nM, against the human isozymes hCA I and hCA II, and 10-50 nM, against the bovine isozyme bCA IV), as well as preliminary SAR for this new class of non-sulfonamide CA inhibitors. Some N-hydroxysulfonamides also showed inhibitory properties (in the micromolar range) against MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9, and ChC. Thus, the SO(2)NHOH group is a new zinc-binding function for the design of MMP inhibitors. Both CA as well as MMPs are involved, among others, in carcinogenesis and tumor invasion processes. On the basis of these findings, we suggest that the mechanism of antitumor action with some hydroxamate inhibitors might also involve inhibition of some CA isozymes (such as CA IX, CA XII, and CA XIV) present only in tumor cell membranes, in addition to collagenases/gelatinases of the MMP type. Our data also suggest that it should be possible to develop dual enzyme inhibitors that would strongly inhibit both these metalloenzymes, CAs and MMPs, based on the nature of the R, AA, and X moieties in the above formula. Compact X (such as H) and AA (such as Gly) moieties favor CA over MMP inhibition, whereas bulkier X (benzyl, substituted benzyl, etc.) and AA (such as Val, Leu) moieties and substituted-aryl R groups are advantageous for obtaining potent MMP and ChC inhibitors, which show lower affinity for CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Università degli Studi, Via Gino Capponi 7, I-50121 Florence, Italy
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Scozzafava A, Ilies MA, Manole G, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors. Part 12. Synthesis of potent matrix metalloproteinase and bacterial collagenase inhibitors incorporating sulfonylated N-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine hydroxamate moieties. Eur J Pharm Sci 2000; 11:69-79. [PMID: 10913755 DOI: 10.1016/s0928-0987(00)00089-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
N-4-Nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine was reacted with alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides, followed by conversion of the COOH to the CONHOH group. Structurally related compounds were obtained by reaction of N-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by similar conversion of the COOH into the CONHOH moiety. Another subseries of derivatives was prepared from sulfanilyl- or metanilyl-4-nitrobenzyl-beta-alanine by reaction with arylsulfonyl isocyanates, followed by the introduction of the hydroxamate moiety. The new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of four matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9, and of the Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC). Some of the prepared hydroxamate derivatives proved to be very effective collagenase/gelatinase inhibitors, depending on the substitution pattern at the sulfonamido moiety. Substitutions leading to the best inhibitors of MMP-1, a short-pocket enzyme, were those involving pentafluorophenylsulfonyl or 3-trifluoromethyl-phenylsulfonyl at P(1') (K(I) of 3-5 nM). For MMP-2, MMP-8 and MMP-9 (deep-pocket enzymes), the best inhibitors were those containing perfluoroalkylsulfonyl- and substituted-arylsulfonyl moieties, such as pentafluorophenylsulfonyl, 3- and 4-protected-aminophenylsulfonyl-, 3- and 4-carboxy-phenylsulfonyl-, arylsulfonylureido- or arylsulfonylureido-sulfanilyl-/metanilyl moieties at P(1'). Bulkier groups in this position, such as 1- and 2-naphthyl-, substituted-naphthyl or quinoline-8-yl- moieties, among others, led to less effective MMP/ChC inhibitors. The best ChC inhibitors were again those containing pentafluorophenylsulfonyl, 3- and 4-protected-aminophenylsulfonyl P(1') groups. This study demonstrates that the 4-nitrobenzyl moiety, investigated here for the first time, is an efficient P(2') anchoring moiety, whereas the beta-alanyl scaffold can successfully replace the alpha-amino acyl one, for obtaining potent MMP/ChC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi, Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Florence, Italy
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Scozzafava A, Supuran CT. Protease inhibitors: synthesis of potent bacterial collagenase and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors incorporating N-4-nitrobenzylsulfonylglycine hydroxamate moieties. J Med Chem 2000; 43:1858-65. [PMID: 10794702 DOI: 10.1021/jm990594k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of compounds was prepared by reaction of alkyl/arylsulfonyl halides with N-4-nitrobenzylglycine, followed by conversion of the COOH to the CONHOH group, with hydroxylamine in the presence of carbodiimides. Other structurally related compounds were obtained by reaction of N-4-nitrobenzylglycine with aryl isocyanates, arylsulfonyl isocyanates, or benzoyl isothiocyanate, followed by the similar conversion of the COOH into the CONHOH moiety. Another subseries of derivatives was prepared from sulfanilyl- or metanilyl-4-nitrobenzylglycine by reaction with arylsulfonyl isocyanates, followed by conversion of the COOH to the hydroxamate moiety. The new compounds were assayed as inhibitors of four matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9, and of the Clostridium histolyticum collagenase (ChC). Some of the prepared hydroxamate derivatives proved to be very effective collagenase/gelatinase inhibitors, depending on the substitution pattern at the sulfonamido moiety. Substitutions leading to best inhibitors of MMP-1, a short pocket enzyme, were those involving pentafluorophenylsulfonyl or 3-trifluoromethylphenylsulfonyl moieties at P(1') (K(I)'s of 3-5 nM). For MMP-2, MMP-8, and MMP-9 (deep-pocket enzymes), best inhibitors were especially those containing long perfluoroalkylsulfonyl and substituted-arylsulfonyl moieties, such as pentafluorophenylsulfonyl, 3- and 4-protected-aminophenylsulfonyl, 3- and 4-carboxyphenylsulfonyl, arylsulfonylureido, or arylsulfonylureidosulfanilyl/metanilyl moieties, at P(1'). Bulkier groups in this position, such as 1- and 2-naphthyl, substituted-naphthyl, or quinolin-8-yl moieties among others, led to less effective MMP/ChC inhibitors. Best ChC inhibitors were again those containing pentafluorophenylsulfonyl or 3- and 4-protected-aminophenylsulfonyl P(1') anchoring groups, suggesting that this protease is also a short-pocket wider-neck one (more similar to MMP-1). This study also proves that the 4-nitrobenzyl moiety is an efficient P(2') anchoring moiety and that sulfonylureido, ureido, or carboxythioureido substitutions at P(1') are also tolerated for obtaining potent sulfonylated amino acid hydroxamate-like MMP/ChC inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Scozzafava
- Università degli Studi, Laboratorio di Chimica Inorganica e Bioinorganica, Via Gino Capponi 7, I-50121 Florence, Italy
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