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Lifanovsky NS, Yablontsev NA, Belousov AV, Klimovich MA, Mirochnik AG, Fedorenko EV, Lyubykh NA, Kolyvanova MA, Kuzmin VA, Morozov VN. Response of Fluorescent Boron Difluoride β-Diketonates to X-Rays. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03934-z. [PMID: 39300050 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03934-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports the results of a detailed study of the optical response of boron difluoride curcuminoids to radiation exposure. Two lines of the dyes fundamentally different in structure (namely, symmetrical and asymmetrical) were tested. If the absorption responses of their solutions in chloroform to X-rays turns out to be quite close quantitatively (note that it has a very indicative visual manifestation - a gradual discoloration is observed in the dose range up to 300 Gy), the fluorescence ones differ notably: among other things, the former demonstrate much more sensitive reactions (the corresponding limit of detection values differ by up to 2.36-fold). Nevertheless, in both parameters, these dyes generally show good linearity of the response as in classical coordinates (up to ≈ 100-150 Gy), as in semi-logarithmic ones (up to 1000 Gy). Since the main reason for such behavior seems to be the radiation-induced decomposition of the dyes, its possible scheme and corresponding "weak links" in the structure of the molecules (in other words, radiosensitive elements) are proposed for each case. For example, these include N(CH3)2 fragments at the ends of dimethylaminostyryl groups. It is precisely their detachment that determines the observed optical response of asymmetrical dyes. Thus, the results obtained provide some insight into the possibilities of controlling the sensitivity of organic dyes to irradiation by changing their structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita S Lifanovsky
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoe sh., Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Nikita A Yablontsev
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoe sh., Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Alexandr V Belousov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, 23 Marshala Novikova Str., Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Klimovich
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, 23 Marshala Novikova Str., Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Anatolii G Mirochnik
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Elena V Fedorenko
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Nikita A Lyubykh
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 159 Prospect 100-letiya Vladivostoka, Vladivostok, 690022, Russia
| | - Maria A Kolyvanova
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- Burnazyan Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical Biological Agency of the Russian Federation, 23 Marshala Novikova Str., Moscow, 123182, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Kuzmin
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, 31 Kashirskoe sh., Moscow, 115409, Russia
| | - Vladimir N Morozov
- Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Str., Moscow, 119334, Russia.
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Grasso S, Varallo A, Ricciardi R, Italiano ME, Oliviero C, D'Avino V, Feoli C, Ambrosino F, Pugliese M, Clemente S. Absorbed dose evaluation of a blood irradiator with alanine, TLD-100 and ionization chamber. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 200:110981. [PMID: 37633189 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Irradiation of blood bags using X-ray irradiators and dosimetry services are required to ensure uniform dose levels in the range 25-50 Gy to prevent Transfusion Associated Graft versus Host Disease (TA-GvHD). An absorbed dose characterization of a Raycell MK2 X-Irradiator was performed using three different dosimetric systems. Results showed a dosimetric accuracy of the ionization chamber together with the Alanine dosimeter. TLDs measurements exhibited a small overestimation by 4% of the absorbed dose. The Dose Uniformity Ratio (DUR), between maximum and minimum dose levels in the canister, was in good agreement with the manufacturer specifications (≤1.5).
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Affiliation(s)
- S Grasso
- Post Graduate School in Medical Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - A Varallo
- Post Graduate School in Medical Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - R Ricciardi
- Post Graduate School in Medical Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy; National Institute of Nuclear Physics, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - M E Italiano
- Post Graduate School in Medical Physics, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - C Oliviero
- Unit of Medical Physics and Radioprotection, A.O.U Policlinico Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - V D'Avino
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - C Feoli
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - F Ambrosino
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - M Pugliese
- Department of Physics "E. Pancini", University of Naples Federico II, 80126, Naples, Italy.
| | - S Clemente
- Unit of Medical Physics and Radioprotection, A.O.U Policlinico Federico II, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Khan MS, Liu C, Meng F, Yang M, Zhou K, Hu R, Wang X, Dai K. X-rays Stimulate Granular Secretions and Activate Protein Kinase C Signaling in Human Platelets. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6024-6039. [PMID: 37504296 PMCID: PMC10378519 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
X-rays can induce morphological as well as functional changes in cells. Platelets are anuclear cellular fragments originating from megakaryocytes and are the major regulators in hemostasis and thrombosis. Platelet products are irradiated to avoid medical complications associated with platelet transfusion. So far, gamma, UV, and laser radiation have been used for this purpose. However, scientists are divided about the effects of radiation on platelet quality. The present study was designed to explore the possible effects of X-rays in washed human platelets and understand the molecular mechanism behind them. In the present study, we exposed washed human platelets to 10 or 30 Gy X-rays at 0.25 Gy/min. Flow cytometry, aggregometry, and western blot were performed to investigate the effect of X-rays on platelet degranulation, integrin activation, platelet aggregation, and apoptosis. It was found that X-rays immediately induced granular secretions with no effect on GP IIb/IIIa activation. Not surprisingly, due to granule secretions in irradiated platelets, platelet aggregation was significantly reduced. In contrast to granular secretions and platelet aggregation, X-rays induced mitochondrial transmembrane potential depolarization in a time-dependent manner to induce apoptosis and activated protein kinase C (PKC) signaling. This study revealed and explained the molecular mechanism activated by X-rays in washed human platelets. Here we also introduced Gö 6983, a PKC inhibitor, as an agent that counteracts X-ray-induced changes and maintains the integrity of platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib Khan
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Fanbi Meng
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Mengnan Yang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kangxi Zhou
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Renping Hu
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xuexiang Wang
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Kesheng Dai
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital and Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Medical College, Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Ministry of Health, Suzhou 215006, China
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Hosseini E, Nodeh FK, Ghasemzadeh M. Gamma irradiation induces a pro-apoptotic state in longer stored platelets, without progressing to an overt apoptosis by day 7 of storage. Apoptosis 2023:10.1007/s10495-023-01841-5. [PMID: 37127837 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-023-01841-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although gamma-irradiation to platelet products is a standard method to prevent the risk of TA-GVHD in vulnerable recipients, it induces some proteomic and redox changes, of which irradiation-induced ROS increments may potentiate platelet mitochondrial dysfunction. However, whether these changes cause platelet apoptosis, or affect their viability during storage, is the main subject of this study. METHODS PLT-rich plasma PC was split into two bags, one kept as control while other was subjected to gamma-irradiation. Within 7-days storage, cytosolic and mitochondrial levels of cytochrome c and pro-apoptotic molecules of Bak and Bax were evaluated by western-blotting. Intraplatelet active caspase (using FAM-DEVD-FMK) and PS-exposure were detected by flowcytometry. Caspase activity in platelet lysate was also confirmed by immunofluorescence detection of Caspase-3/7 Substrate N-Ac-DEVD-N'-MC-R110 while platelet viability was evaluated with MTT assays. RESULTS Cytosolic cytochrome c gradually increased while its mitochondrial content steadily declined during 7 days of storage. In a contrary trend, reverse patterns were observed for Bak and Bax expressions. Gamma-irradiated platelets showed higher release of mitochondrial cytochrome c that reflected by higher cytosolic cytochrome c levels on day 7 of storage. Concurrently mitochondrial pro-apoptotic Bak and Bax proteins increased on day 7 in irradiated products. However, gamma-irradiation didn't significantly increase caspase activity or PS-exposure, nor did it decrease platelet viability. CONCLUSION Here, consistent with studies on "gamma-irradiation-induced oxidative stress", we showed that gamma-ray also increases platelet pro-apoptotic signals during storage, although not strongly enough to affect platelet viability by overt apoptosis induction. Conclusively, whether supplementing ROS scavengers or antioxidants to irradiated platelets can improve their quality during storage may be of interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kiani Nodeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Iranian Blood Transfusion Organization Building, Hemmat Exp. Way, Next to the Milad Tower, Tehran, 14665-1157, Iran.
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5
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Jacobs GP. Irradiation of pharmaceuticals: A literature review. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Hosseini E, Kianinodeh F, Ghasemzadeh M. Irradiation of platelets in Transfusion Medicine: risk and benefit judgments. Platelets 2021; 33:666-678. [PMID: 34697994 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.1990250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Irradiation of platelet products is generally used to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease (TA-GvHD) as well as transfusion-transmitted infections. As an essential prerequisite, gamma-irradiation of blood products prior to transfusion is required in patients who may develop TA-GVHD. Most studies suggest that gamma irradiation has no significant effect on the quality of platelet products; however, more recent studies have shown that the oxidative effects of gamma irradiation can lead to the induction of platelet storage lesion (PSL) and to some extent reduce the efficiency of transfused platelets. As the second widely used irradiation technique, UV-illumination was primarily introduced to reduce the growth of infectious agents during platelet storage, with the advantage that this method can also prevent TA-GvHD. However, the induction of oxidative conditions and platelet pre-activation that lead to PSL is more pronounced after UV-based methods of pathogen reduction. Since these lesions are large enough to clearly affect the post-transfusion platelet recovery and survival, more studies are needed to improve the safety and effectiveness of pathogen reduction technologies (PRTs). Therefore, pointing to other benefits of PRTs, such as preventing TA-GvHD or prolonging the shelf life of products by eliminating the possibility of pathogen growth during storage, does not yet seem to justify their widespread use due to above-mentioned effects. Even for gamma-irradiated platelets, some researchers have suggested that due to decreased 1-hour post-transfusion increments and increased risk of platelet refractoriness, their use should be limited to the patients who may develop TA-GVHD. It is noteworthy that due to the effect of X-rays in preventing TA-GvHD, some recent studies are underway to examine its effects on the quality and effectiveness of platelet products and determine whether X-rays can be used as a more appropriate and cost-effective alternative to gamma radiation. The review presented here provides a detailed description about irradiation-based technologies for platelet products, including their applications, mechanistic features, advantages, and disadvantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kianinodeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Saliev T, Baiskhanova D, Beznosko D, Begimbetova D, Umbayev B, Nurgozhin T, Fakhradiyev I, Tanabayev B, Pavalkis D. A New Insight on the Radioprotective Potential of Epsilon-Aminocaproic Acid. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2020; 56:E663. [PMID: 33266046 PMCID: PMC7760922 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56120663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background and objectives: The aim of the study was to scrutinize the ability of epsilon-aminocaproic acid (EACA) to prevent radiation-induced damage to human cells. Materials and Methods: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were exposed to ionizing radiation at three low doses (22.62 mGy, 45.27 mGy, and 67.88 mGy) in the presence of EACA at the concentration of 50 ng/mL. Results: EACA was able to prevent cell death induced by low-dose X-ray radiation and suppress the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). EACA also demonstrated a capacity to protect DNA from radiation-induced damage. The data indicated that EACA is capable of suppression of radiation-induced apoptosis. Comparative tests of antioxidative activity of EACA and a range of free radical scavengers showed an ability of EACA to effectively inhibit the generation of ROS. Conclusions: This study showed that the pretreatment of PBMCs with EACA is able to protect the cells from radiation-elicited damage, including free radicals' formation, DNA damage, and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur Saliev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | - Dinara Baiskhanova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | | | - Dinara Begimbetova
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | - Bauyrzhan Umbayev
- National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, Nur-Sultan 010000, Kazakhstan; (D.B.); (D.B.); (B.U.)
| | - Talgat Nurgozhin
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | - Ildar Fakhradiyev
- S.D. Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050000, Kazakhstan; (T.N.); (I.F.)
| | | | - Dainius Pavalkis
- NJSC “Astana Medical University”, Nur-sultan 010000, Kazakhstan;
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Nodeh FK, Hosseini E, Ghasemzadeh M. The effect of gamma irradiation on platelet redox state during storage. Transfusion 2020; 61:579-593. [PMID: 33231307 DOI: 10.1111/trf.16207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a method with insignificant adverse effects on in vitro quality of platelet concentrates (PCs), gamma irradiation is applied to abrogate the risk of transfusion-associated graft-vs-host disease in vulnerable recipients. However, there is some evidence of lower posttransfusion responses and proteomic alterations in gamma-irradiated platelets (PLTs), which raises some questions about their quality, safety, and efficacy. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered as markers of PLT storage lesion (PSL), the study presented here investigated oxidant state in gamma-irradiated PCs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS PLT-rich plasma PC was split into two bags, one kept as control while other was subjected to gamma irradiation. Within 7 days of storage, the levels of intra-PLT superoxide, H2 O2 , mitochondrial ROS, P-selectin expression, and phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure were detected by flow cytometry while intracellular reduced glutathione (GSH), glucose concentration, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity were measured by enzymocolorimetric method. RESULTS GSH decreased, while ROS generation and LDH activity increased, during storage. Gamma irradiation significantly attenuated GSH whereas increased ROS generation in earlier and later stages of storage associated with either P-selectin or PS exposure increments. CONCLUSION Gamma irradiation can significantly increase cytosolic ROS generation in two distinct phases, one upon irradiation and another later in longer-stored PCs. While earlier ROS influx seems to be governed by direct effect of irradiation, the second phase of oxidant stress is presumably due to the storage-dependent PLT activation. Intriguingly, these observations were also in line with early P-selectin increments and increased PS exposure in longer-stored PLTs. Given the mutual link between ROS generation and PLT activation, further investigation is required to explore the effect of gamma irradiation on the induction of PSL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Kiani Nodeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ehteramolsadat Hosseini
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehran Ghasemzadeh
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
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Zhou R, Long H, Zhang B, Lao Z, Zheng Q, Wang T, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Lai X, Li G, Lin L. Salvianolic acid B, an antioxidant derived from Salvia militarize, protects mice against γ‑radiation‑induced damage through Nrf2/Bach1. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1309-1317. [PMID: 30535483 PMCID: PMC6323199 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid B (SB) is an antioxidant derived from Salvia militarize, and is one of the most widely used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine. SB is a potent antioxidant that has been well documented as a scavenger of oxygen free radicals, and has been used for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis-associated disorders. To explore its potential therapeutic effects in treating radiation damage, in this study, mice were treated with SB at different doses of 5, 12.5 and 20 mg/kg, subsequent to receiving γ-irradiation. The effects of SB on peripheral blood, bone marrow nucleated cells, spleen and thymus indices, and oxidation resistance were evaluated in both radiated mice and control groups. The results indicated that SB significantly increased the counts of peripheral white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. The number of nucleated cells in the bone marrow and the level of protein increased as well. In addition, improved spleen and thymus indices in the bone marrow were observed. SB treatment additionally reversed the deterioration of both the thymus and spleen indices, which is associated with increased serum superoxide dismutase activity and decreasing malondialdehyde levels via nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 protein/BTB and CNC homology 1 mediated antioxidant effect. Furthermore, ROS levels and Bax protein expression were also suppressed by SB. The data suggested that SB is effective in protecting mice from γ-radiation injury, and could potentially be applicable for clinical use. Notably, the present study identified a promising candidate drug for enhancing the hematopoietic and immune systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Haishan Long
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Bei Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Zhizhao Lao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Quanyu Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Tiancheng Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Yongxin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, 458th Hospital of PLA, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510030, P.R. China
| | - Qingguang Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Lai
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Geng Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Lizhu Lin
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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Frentzel K, Badakhshi H. Irradiation with x-rays of the energy 18 MV induces radioactivity in transfusion blood: Proposal of a safe method using 6 MV. Med Phys 2016; 43:6517. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4967482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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11
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AlZahrani K, Al-Sewaidan HA. Nanostructural Changes in the Cell Membrane of Gamma-Irradiated Red Blood Cells. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 33:109-115. [PMID: 28194066 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-016-0657-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of gamma radiation on the ultrastructure of the cell membranes of red blood cells has been probed using a powerful tool, namely, atomic force microscopy. We used mice erythrocytes as a model. Blood samples withdrawn from mice were gamma-irradiated using a 60Co source unit with doses of 10,15,20,25 and 30 Gy. Structural changes appeared in the form of nanoscale potholes, depressions and alterations of the cell membrane roughness. The roughness of the cell membrane increased dramatically with increasing doses, although at 10 Gy , the cell membrane roughness was less than that of normal red blood cells (controls). Therefore, such modifications at the nano-scale level may affect the biophysical properties of membranes, resulting in impairment of their function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid AlZahrani
- Physics Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed A Al-Sewaidan
- Physics Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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12
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Nowak K, Krokosz A, Rodacka A, Puchala M. Study on the effect of polyhydroxylated fullerene, C60(OH)36, on X-ray irradiated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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13
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Ismail AH, Jaafar MS. Interaction of low-intensity nuclear radiation dose with the human blood: Using the new technique of CR-39NTDs for an in vitro study. Appl Radiat Isot 2011; 69:559-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Desouky OS, Selim NS, Elbakrawy EM, Rezk RA. Impact evaluation of α-lipoic acid in gamma-irradiated erythrocytes. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Electrical behavior of stored erythrocytes after exposure to gamma radiation and the role of alpha-lipoic acid as radioprotector. Appl Radiat Isot 2010; 68:1018-24. [PMID: 20153208 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2010.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of gamma rays (25, 50 and 100 Gy) on stored erythrocytes were studied by measuring their dielectric properties and observing their morphology under scanning electron microscopy. Alpha lipoic acid (a potent natural antioxidant) was introduced prior to irradiation for radioprotection. It can be concluded that the dose level of 25 Gy can be considered a safe sterile dose; however, irradiation doses of 50 and 100 Gy should be applied with the addition of alpha-acid to preserve the cell viability.
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Studies of the antioxidant and antihemolytic activity of quinoline derivatives in a model of oxidative damage to erythrocyte membranes. Pharm Chem J 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-009-0220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Quality control of blood irradiation with a teletherapy unit: damage to stored red blood cells after cobalt-60 gamma irradiation. Transfusion 2007; 48:332-40. [PMID: 18028274 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01527.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous publications have documented the damage caused to red blood cells (RBCs) irradiated with X-rays produced by a linear accelerator and with gamma rays derived from a 137Cs source. The biologic effects on RBCs of gamma rays from a 60Co source, however, have not been characterized. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS This study investigated the effect of 3000 and 4000 cGy on the in vitro properties of RBCs preserved with preservative solution and irradiated with a cobalt teletherapy unit. A thermal device equipped with a data acquisition system was used to maintain and monitor the blood temperature during irradiation. The device was rotated at 2 r.p.m. in the irradiation beam by means of an automated system. The spatial distribution of the absorbed dose over the irradiated volume was obtained with phantom and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs). Levels of Hb, K+, and Cl(-) were assessed by spectrophotometric techniques over a period of 45 days. The change in the topology of the RBC membrane was investigated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Irradiation caused significant changes in the extracellular levels of K+ and Hb and in the organizational structure of the phospholipid bilayer of the RBC membrane. Blood temperature ranged from 2 to 4 degrees C during irradiation. Rotation at 2 r.p.m. distributed the dose homogeneously (92%-104%) and did not damage the RBCs. CONCLUSIONS The method used to store the blood bags during irradiation guaranteed that all damage caused to the cells was exclusively due to the action of radiation at the doses applied. It was demonstrated that prolonged storage of 60Co-irradiated RBCs results in loss of membrane phospholipids asymmetry, exposing phosphatidylserine (PS) on the cells' surface with a time and dose dependence, which can reduce the in vivo recovery of these cells. A time- and dose-dependence effect on the extracellular K+ and plasma-free Hb levels was also observed. The magnitude of all these effects, however, seems not to be clinically important and can support the storage of irradiated RBC units for at last 28 days.
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