1
|
Karbalaei-Saleh S, Yousefi S, Honarvar M. Optimization of vitamin B12 nano-emulsification and encapsulation using spontaneous emulsification. Food Sci Biotechnol 2024; 33:399-415. [PMID: 38222915 PMCID: PMC10786798 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-023-01357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the use of low-energy methods for nanoemulsification of vitamin B12 was investigated to protect this bioactive substance. The effects of sunflower oil concentrations (4-8%), Tween 80 (8-16%), and vitamin B12 (5-15%) on the physicochemical properties of B12 nanoemulsion were evaluated using response surface methodology (RSM). The results indicated that the quadratic model was the most fitting model for experimental data. Optimization revealed that the optimal formulation contained 6.5% sunflower oil, 9.6% Tween 80, and 13% vitamin B12, resulting in maximum efficiency, viscosity, and vitamin B12 content, as well as minimum pH, turbidity, p-Anisidine index, particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI). Under optimal conditions, pH, viscosity, turbidity, efficiency, vitamin B12, p-Anisidine index, PDI, and particle size were 7.24, 17.0024 cp, 2.19, 51.98%, 5.54 ppm, 0.01, 0.34, and 322 nm, respectively. This study highlights the effectiveness of spontaneous emulsification as a carrier for the encapsulation of bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Karbalaei-Saleh
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Yousefi
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoud Honarvar
- Department of Agriculture and Food Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang H, Li X, Wu D, Yu B, Lu S, Wang J, Ding J. A novel strategy for efficient capture of intact harmful algal cells using Zinc oxide modified carbon nitride composites. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
3
|
Vandermeulen GWM, Boarino A, Klok H. Biodegradation of
water‐soluble
and
water‐dispersible
polymers for agricultural, consumer, and industrial applications—Challenges and opportunities for sustainable materials solutions. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alice Boarino
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Harm‐Anton Klok
- Institut des Matériaux and Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD Lausanne Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang C, Cai Q, Feng B, Feng S, Tian C, Jiang X, Wu X, Xiao B. Improving the performance of shipboard rotary drum filters in the removal of cyanobacterial blooms by cationic polyacrylamide flocculation. Sep Purif Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
5
|
Agbovi HK, Wilson LD. Design of amphoteric chitosan flocculants for phosphate and turbidity removal in wastewater. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 189:360-370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
6
|
Chen X, Si C, Fatehi P. Cationic xylan- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) polymer as a flocculant for pulping wastewater. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 186:358-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.01.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
7
|
Ganesan P, Ramalingam P, Karthivashan G, Ko YT, Choi DK. Recent developments in solid lipid nanoparticle and surface-modified solid lipid nanoparticle delivery systems for oral delivery of phyto-bioactive compounds in various chronic diseases. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:1569-1583. [PMID: 29588585 PMCID: PMC5858819 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s155593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) delivery systems have a wide applicability in the delivery of phyto-bioactive compounds to treat various chronic diseases, including diabetes, cancer, obesity and neurodegenerative diseases. The multiple benefits of SLN delivery include improved stability, smaller particle size, leaching prevention and enhanced lymphatic uptake of the bioactive compounds through oral delivery. However, the burst release makes the SLN delivery systems inadequate for the oral delivery of various phyto-bioactive compounds that can treat such chronic diseases. Recently, the surface-modified SLN (SMSLN) was observed to overcome this limitation for oral delivery of phyto-bioactive compounds, and there is growing evidence of an enhanced uptake of curcumin delivered orally via SMSLNs in the brain. This review focuses on different SLN and SMSLN systems that are useful for oral delivery of phyto-bioactive compounds to treat various chronic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Palanivel Ganesan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Prakash Ramalingam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, University of the Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Govindarajan Karthivashan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Tag Ko
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kug Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
- Nanotechnology Research Center and Department of Applied Life Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Du Q, Wei H, Li A, Yang H. Evaluation of the starch-based flocculants on flocculation of hairwork wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1628-1637. [PMID: 28609850 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2017] [Revised: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
China is the world's largest producer of wigs, and the manufacturing generates large quantities of hairwork effluents. Coagulation/flocculation is an important step in the water treatment process. In this study, two versions of starch-based flocculants were successfully prepared through etherification and graft copolymerization, respectively. Starch-3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl triethyl ammonium chloride (St-CTA-DQ) and starch-graft-poly[(2-methacryloyloxyethyl) trimethyl ammonium chloride] (St-g-PDMC-DQ) both contain strongly cationic quaternary ammonium salt groups, but have differing cationic contents, specifically, the degree of substitution (DS) and grafting ratio (G). Furthermore, the additional functional groups were distributed on different chain sites (the starch backbone for St-CTA-DQ, and the branch chains for St-g-PDMC-DQ). These two flocculants demonstrated superior efficiency for turbidity and UV254 removal in hairwork wastewater as well as better floc properties compared to polyaluminum chloride. The effects of pH, flocculant dose, and cationic group contents (DS and G) were systematically investigated. Consequently, it was determined that a higher cationic content in both the flocculants led to better flocculation performance as well as increased removal rates of both turbidity and UV254. This was primarily due to improved charge neutralization, which highlighted the preference towards a lower optimal dose. In addition, flocculation performance worsened as the pH level increased. Overall, St-g-PDMC-DQ exhibited similar flocculation performance to St-CTA-DQ. However, the wastewater treated by St-g-PDMC-DQ showed lower residual turbidity than when treated by St-CTA-DQ. This was attributed to the distinct branch chain architecture of St-g-PDMC-DQ, which was beneficial for coagulating the uneasily flocculated contaminants in water, such as smaller-sized colloids and water-soluble organic substances. Flocculant structural factors, specifically charge properties and chain architecture, heavily affected the final flocculation performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Du
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hua Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ma J, Fu K, Fu X, Guan Q, Ding L, Shi J, Zhu G, Zhang X, Zhang S, Jiang L. Flocculation properties and kinetic investigation of polyacrylamide with different cationic monomer content for high turbid water purification. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Ma J, Fu K, Jiang L, Ding L, Guan Q, Zhang S, Zhang H, Shi J, Fu X. Flocculation performance of cationic polyacrylamide with high cationic degree in humic acid synthetic water treatment and effect of kaolin particles. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
11
|
Bhalkaran S, Wilson LD. Investigation of Self-Assembly Processes for Chitosan-Based Coagulant-Flocculant Systems: A Mini-Review. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17101662. [PMID: 27706052 PMCID: PMC5085695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of contaminants in wastewater poses significant challenges to water treatment processes and environmental remediation. The use of coagulation-flocculation represents a facile and efficient way of removing charged particles from water. The formation of stable colloidal flocs is necessary for floc aggregation and, hence, their subsequent removal. Aggregation occurs when these flocs form extended networks through the self-assembly of polyelectrolytes, such as the amine-based polysaccharide (chitosan), which form polymer “bridges” in a floc network. The aim of this overview is to evaluate how the self-assembly process of chitosan and its derivatives is influenced by factors related to the morphology of chitosan (flocculant) and the role of the solution conditions in the flocculation properties of chitosan and its modified forms. Chitosan has been used alone or in conjunction with a salt, such as aluminum sulphate, as an aid for the removal of various waterborne contaminants. Modified chitosan relates to grafted anionic or cationic groups onto the C-6 hydroxyl group or the amine group at C-2 on the glucosamine monomer of chitosan. By varying the parameters, such as molecular weight and the degree of deacetylation of chitosan, pH, reaction and settling time, dosage and temperature, self-assembly can be further investigated. This mini-review places an emphasis on the molecular-level details of the flocculation and the self-assembly processes for the marine-based biopolymer, chitosan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Savi Bhalkaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5C9, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Shi W, Bi L, Pan G. Effect of algal flocculation on dissolved organic matters using cationic starch modified soils. J Environ Sci (China) 2016; 45:177-184. [PMID: 27372131 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2015.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Modified soils (MSs) are being increasingly used as geo-engineering materials for the sedimentation removal of cyanobacterial blooms. Cationic starch (CS) has been tested as an effective soil modifier, but little is known about its potential impacts on the treated water. This study investigated dissolved organic matters in the bloom water after algal removal using cationic starch modified soils (CS-MSs). Results showed that the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) could be decreased by CS-MS flocculation and the use of higher charge density CS yielded a greater DOC reduction. When CS with the charge density of 0.052, 0.102 and 0.293meq/g were used, DOC was decreased from 3.4 to 3.0, 2.3 and 1.7mg/L, respectively. The excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy and UV254 analysis indicated that CS-MS exhibits an ability to remove some soluble organics, which contributed to the DOC reduction. However, the use of low charge density CS posed a potential risk of DOC increase due to the high CS loading for effective algal removal. When CS with the charge density of 0.044meq/g was used, DOC was increased from 3.4 to 3.9mg/L. This study suggested, when CS-MS is used for cyanobacterial bloom removal, the content of dissolved organic matters in the treated water can be controlled by optimizing the charge density of CS. For the settled organic matters, other measures (e.g., capping treatments using oxygen loaded materials) should be jointly applied after algal flocculation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| | - Lei Bi
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Gang Pan
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; School of Animal, Rural, and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, NG25 0QF, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang R, Li H, Huang M, Yang H, Li A. A review on chitosan-based flocculants and their applications in water treatment. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 95:59-89. [PMID: 26986497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of chitosan and its derivatives as flocculants in water treatment has received considerable attention due to their many advantages, including their widespread availability, environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and prominent structural features. However, it is a significant strategy for selection and design of the high-performance materials on the basis of their structure-activity relationships. Here we describe several of the chemical modification methods commonly used to prepare chitosan-based flocculants. These methods allow convenient control and adjustment of the structures of the obtained materials to meet the different practical requirements. The influence of structural elements of the chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation properties are emphasized in this review by examining different flocculation mechanisms and their applications in the treatment of various wastewaters containing different pollutants (insoluble suspended colloids but also dissolved matters). Above all, the chitosan-based flocculants with proper structures by precise structure control bear great application potentials in water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Haijiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Mu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang H, Huang Q, Huang Z, Liu T, Li Y. Preparation and physicochemical properties of chitosan broadleaf holly leaf nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2015; 479:212-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
15
|
Guan Q, Zheng H, Zhai J, Zhao C, Zheng X, Tang X, Chen W, Sun Y. Effect of Template on Structure and Properties of Cationic Polyacrylamide: Characterization and Mechanism. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie404116k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Guan
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Huaili Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Jun Zhai
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Chun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Xiaokai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - XiaoMin Tang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment,
State Ministry of Education, and ‡National Centre for International Research
of Low-Carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Li J, Song X, Pan J, Zhong L, Jiao S, Ma Q. Adsorption and flocculation of bentonite by chitosan with varying degree of deacetylation and molecular weight. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:4-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 08/11/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
17
|
Yang Z, Yang H, Jiang Z, Cai T, Li H, Li H, Li A, Cheng R. Flocculation of both anionic and cationic dyes in aqueous solutions by the amphoteric grafting flocculant carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-polyacrylamide. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2013; 254-255:36-45. [PMID: 23583947 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, a series of amphoteric grafting chitosan-based flocculants (carboxymethyl chitosan-graft-polyacrylamide, denoted as CMC-g-PAM) was designed and prepared successfully. The flocculants were applied to eliminate various dyes from aqueous solutions. Among different graft copolymers, CMC-g-PAM11 with a PAM grafting ratio of 74% demonstrated the most efficient performance for removal of both the anionic dye (Methyl Orange, MO) and the cationic dye (Basic Bright Yellow, 7GL) under the corresponding favored conditions (80 mg/L of the flocculant at pH 4.0, and 160 mg/L at pH 11.0). In comparison with its precursors, chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan, CMC-g-PAM11 showed higher removal efficiencies and wider flocculation windows. More importantly, the graft copolymer produced notably more compacted flocs based on image analysis in combination with fractal theory, which was of great significance in practical water treatment. Furthermore, the flocculation mechanism was discussed in detail. The grafted polyacrylamide chains were found to contribute much to the improved bridging and sweeping flocculation effects, but reduced charge neutralization flocculation for the effect of charge screening.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
| | - Ziwen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Tao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Haijiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Haibo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Aimin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | - Rongshi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Yang Z, Yan H, Yang H, Li H, Li A, Cheng R. Flocculation performance and mechanism of graphene oxide for removal of various contaminants from water. WATER RESEARCH 2013; 47:3037-3046. [PMID: 23561497 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The application of nanomaterials in water treatment plants has attracted significant attention recently. This study investigates the possibility of using graphene oxide (GO) as a novel flocculant to remove contaminants with different surface charges from water, including two particulate ones (kaolin and hematite) and two soluble ones (humic acid (HA) and cationic light yellow 7GL dye (7GL)). The flocculation performances of traditional polyaluminum chloride (PAC) and original graphite were also tested for comparison. Fractal theory was applied to evaluate the floc properties and explore the flocculation mechanism in combination with zeta potential measurements. For negatively charged contaminants, kaolin and HA, GO was observed to remove these contaminants successfully via the sweeping flocculation effect under acidic and neutral conditions. However, GO was less efficient than PAC. For positively charged contaminants, hematite and 7GL, the flocculation performances of GO were significantly improved than those of PAC via patching effect for hematite suspension and charge neutralization effect for 7GL solution. The results highlighted the extensive potential applicability of GO as a suitable flocculant in water treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|