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Cai S, Cao Z, Yang L, Wang H, He F, Wang Z, Xing B. Cations facilitate sulfidation of zero-valent iron by elemental sulfur: Mechanism and dechlorination application. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120262. [PMID: 37390653 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
The solid-solid reaction of microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) with elemental sulfur (S0) in water can form sulfidated mZVI (S-mZVI) with high reactivity and selectivity. However, the inherent passivation layer of mZVI hinders the sulfidation. In this study, we demonstrate that ionic solutions of Me-chloride (Me: Mg2+, Ca2+, K+, Na+ and Fe2+) can accelerate the sulfidation of mZVI by S0. The S0 with S/Fe molar ratio of 0.1 was fully reacted with mZVI in all solutions to form unevenly distributed FeS species on S-mZVIs as confirmed by SEM-EDX and XANES characterization. The cations depassivated the mZVI surface by driving the proton release from the surface site (FeOH) and resulting in localized acidification. The probe reaction test (tetrachloride dechlorination) and open circuit potential (EOCP) measurement demonstrated that Mg2+ was most efficient in depassivating the mZVI and therefore promoting sulfidation. The decrease of surface proton for hydrogenolysis on the S-mZVI synthesized in MgCl2 solution also inhibited the formation of cis-1,2-dichloroethylene by 14-79% compared to other S-mZVIs during trichloroethylene dechlorination. In addition, the synthesized S-mZVIs exhibited the highest reduction capacity reported so far. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the facile on-site sulfidation of mZVI by S0 with cation-rich natural waters for sustainable remediation of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Cai
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhenyu Cao
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liwei Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Huaqing Wang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution control, and School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
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2
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Puigserver D, Herrero J, Carmona JM. Mobilization pilot test of PCE sources in the transition zone to aquitards by combining mZVI and biostimulation with lactic acid. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162751. [PMID: 36921871 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The potential toxic and carcinogenic effects of chlorinated solvents in groundwater on human health and aquatic ecosystems require very effective remediation strategies of contaminated groundwater to achieve the low legal cleanup targets required. The transition zones between aquifers and bottom aquitards occur mainly in prograding alluvial fan geological contexts. Hence, they are very frequent from a hydrogeological point of view. The transition zone consists of numerous thin layers of fine to coarse-grained clastic fragments (e.g., medium sands and gravels), which alternate with fine-grained materials (clays and silts). When the transition zones are affected by DNAPL spills, free-phase pools accumulate on the less conductive layers. Owing to the low overall conductivity of this zone, the pools are very recalcitrant. Little field research has been done on transition zone remediation techniques. Injection of iron microparticles has the disadvantage of the limited accessibility of this reagent to reach the entire source of contamination. Biostimulation of indigenous microorganisms in the medium has the disadvantage that few of the microorganisms are capable of complete biodegradation to total mineralization of the parent contaminant and metabolites. A field pilot test was conducted at a site where a transition zone existed in which DNAPL pools of PCE had accumulated. In particular, the interface with the bottom aquitard was where PCE concentrations were the highest. In this pilot test, a combined strategy using ZVI in microparticles and biostimulation with lactate in the form of lactic acid was conducted. Throughout the test it was found that the interdependence of the coupled biotic and abiotic processes generated synergies between these processes. This resulted in a greater degradation of the PCE and its transformation products. With the combination of the two techniques, the mobilization of the contaminant source of PCE was extremely effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Puigserver
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology. Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), Serra Húnter Tenure-elegible Lecturer, C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Jofre Herrero
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José M Carmona
- Department of Mineralogy, Petrology and Applied Geology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Water Research Institute (IdRA-UB), C/ Martí i Franquès, s/n, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Shi Q, Gao Z, Guo H, Zeng X, Sandanayake S, Vithanage M. Hydrogeochemical factors controlling the occurrence of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu). ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2023; 45:2611-2627. [PMID: 36063240 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-022-01379-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) has posed a serious threat to human health around the world. The link between the prevalence of CKDu and groundwater geochemistry is not well understood. To identify the potential geogenic risk factors, we collected 52 groundwater samples related to CKDu (CKDu groundwater) and 18 groundwater samples related to non-CKDu (non-CKDu groundwater) from the typical CKDu prevailing areas in Sri Lanka. Results demonstrated that CKDu groundwater had significantly higher Si (average 30.1 mg/L, p < 0.05) and F- (average 0.80 mg/L, p < 0.05) concentrations than those of non-CKDu groundwater (average 21.0 and 0.45 mg/L, respectively), indicating that Si and F- were the potential risk factors causing CKDu. The principal hydrogeochemical process controlling local groundwater chemistry was chemical weathering of silicates in Precambrian metamorphic rocks. Groundwater samples were mostly undersaturated with respect to amorphous silica and clay minerals such as talc and sepiolite, which was conducive to silicate weathering and elevated Si concentrations in groundwater. Decreased Ca2+ being facilitated by calcite precipitation and cation exchange between Ca2+ and Na+ favored fluorite dissolution and thus led to high groundwater F- concentrations. Competitive adsorption between [Formula: see text] and F- also enhanced the release of F- from solid surfaces. This study highlights the CKDu potential risk factors regarding groundwater geochemistry and their enrichment factors, which helps in preventing the prevalence of CKDu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiutong Shi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Huaming Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China.
| | - Xianjiang Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution and School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Sandun Sandanayake
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Meththika Vithanage
- Ecosphere Resilience Research Center, Faculty of Applied Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
- Molecular Microbiology and Human Diseases, National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy, Sri Lanka
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Brumovský M, Oborná J, Micić V, Malina O, Kašlík J, Tunega D, Kolos M, Hofmann T, Karlický F, Filip J. Iron Nitride Nanoparticles for Enhanced Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethylene. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4425-4436. [PMID: 35263088 PMCID: PMC8988298 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nitriding has been used for decades to improve the corrosion resistance of iron and steel materials. Moreover, iron nitrides (FexN) have been shown to give an outstanding catalytic performance in a wide range of applications. We demonstrate that nitriding also substantially enhances the reactivity of zerovalent iron nanoparticles (nZVI) used for groundwater remediation, alongside reducing particle corrosion. Two different types of FexN nanoparticles were synthesized by passing gaseous NH3/N2 mixtures over pristine nZVI at elevated temperatures. The resulting particles were composed mostly of face-centered cubic (γ'-Fe4N) and hexagonal close-packed (ε-Fe2-3N) arrangements. Nitriding was found to increase the particles' water contact angle and surface availability of iron in reduced forms. The two types of FexN nanoparticles showed a 20- and 5-fold increase in the trichloroethylene (TCE) dechlorination rate, compared to pristine nZVI, and about a 3-fold reduction in the hydrogen evolution rate. This was related to a low energy barrier of 27.0 kJ mol-1 for the first dechlorination step of TCE on the γ'-Fe4N(001) surface, as revealed by density functional theory calculations with an implicit solvation model. TCE dechlorination experiments with aged particles showed that the γ'-Fe4N nanoparticles retained high reactivity even after three months of aging. This combined theoretical-experimental study shows that FexN nanoparticles represent a new and potentially important tool for TCE dechlorination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Brumovský
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences (EDGE), Centre for Microbiology and Environmental
Systems Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology
and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Department
of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,
Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Straße
82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jana Oborná
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology
and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Vesna Micić
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences (EDGE), Centre for Microbiology and Environmental
Systems Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ondřej Malina
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology
and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Kašlík
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology
and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Tunega
- Department
of Forest- and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,
Vienna, Peter-Jordan-Straße
82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
- School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Miroslav Kolos
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, University
of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Thilo Hofmann
- Department
of Environmental Geosciences (EDGE), Centre for Microbiology and Environmental
Systems Science, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, UZA II, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - František Karlický
- Department
of Physics, Faculty of Science, University
of Ostrava, 701 03 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional
Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology
and Research Institute (CATRIN), Palacký
University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Liu M, Wang J, Xu M, Tang S, Zhou J, Pan W, Ma Q, Wu L. Nano zero-valent iron-induced changes in soil iron species and soil bacterial communities contribute to the fate of Cd. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127343. [PMID: 34600388 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nano zero-valent iron (nZVI) is used for soil remediation; however, the impact of nZVI on soil solid iron phases and its interactions with soil microorganisms in relation to the fate of Cd in soil remains unclear. In the current study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the change in mobility of Cd in exogenous Cd-contaminated soil with nZVI and γ radiation treatments. The results showed that nZVI treatment decreased Cd availability but also increased the soil pH and dissolved Mn and poorly crystalline Fe contents. However, the increased poorly crystalline Fe(II) levels contributed to a reduction in Cd availability in soils treated with nZVI by immobilizing Cd associated with Fe oxides, rather than by increasing pH or Mn oxide levels. Moreover, Cd stabilization efficiency was higher in γ-irradiated soils than in non-irradiated soils regardless of the Cd level, with noticeable differences in bacterial community composition between the non-irradiated and irradiated soils. The genera Bacillus, Pullulanibacillus, and Alicyclobacillus are important in the redox of poorly crystalline Fe(II)-containing minerals in non-irradiated soil. This research provides a new method for further improving the Cd stabilization efficiency of nZVI in combination with microbial iron oxidization inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengjiao Liu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sheng Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jingjie Zhou
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wankun Pan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qingxu Ma
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - Lianghuan Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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6
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Tang W, Zhang Y, Bai J, Li J, Wang J, Li L, Zhou T, Chen S, Rahim M, Zhou B. Efficient denitrification and removal of natural organic matter, emerging pollutants simultaneously for RO concentrate based on photoelectrocatalytic radical reaction. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Černík M, Nosek J, Filip J, Hrabal J, Elliott DW, Zbořil R. Electric-field enhanced reactivity and migration of iron nanoparticles with implications for groundwater treatment technologies: Proof of concept. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 154:361-369. [PMID: 30822596 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles for groundwater treatment has been limited, in part, because of their non-selective reactivity and low mobility in aquatic environments. Herein, we describe and explore progressive changes in the reactivity and migration of aqueous dispersed nZVI particles under an applied DC electric field. Due to the applied electric field with an intensity of about 1 V cm-1, the solution oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) remained as low as -200 mV for at least 32 days, which was in agreement with the persistence of the reduced iron species (mainly Fe(II)), and led to substantially prolonged reactivity of the original nZVI. The treatment of chlorinated ethenes (DCE > PCE > TCE) was markedly faster, individual CHC compounds were eliminated with the same kinetics and no lesser-chlorinated intermediates were accumulated, following thus the direct dechlorination scheme. When nZVI-dispersion flows towards the anode through vertical laboratory columns filled with quartz sand, significant enhancement of nZVI migration was recorded because of lower extent of nanoparticle aggregation and increased repulsion forces between the nanoparticles and the surface of silica dioxide. The results of this study have significant consequences for groundwater remediation, mainly for the treatment of slowly degradable DCE in real CHC contaminated groundwater, where it could improve the reactivity, the longevity and the migration of nZVI particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslav Nosek
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, CZ-46117, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Filip
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
| | - Jaroslav Hrabal
- MEGA a.s., Pod Vinicí 87, CZ-47127, Stráž pod Ralskem, Czech Republic
| | | | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, CZ-78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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8
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Sihn Y, Bae S, Lee W. Immobilization of uranium(VI) in a cementitious matrix with nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 215:626-633. [PMID: 30347357 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We developed a novel solidification and stabilization process using a nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI)-cement system for reductive immobilization of hexavalent uranium (U(VI)) in a soil-cement matrix. The NZVI suspension without cement demonstrated high removal efficiency (100% in 2 h) and fast removal kinetics (53.7 Lm-2d-1), which surpassed those of other Fe-containing minerals (i.e., green rust, mackinawite, magnetite, and pyrite). Significant removal of aqueous U(VI) was observed in NZVI-cement slurries and minimal adsorbed U was desorbed by a bicarbonate/carbonate (CARB) solution. Surface analysis using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed U distributed homogeneously on the surface of the NZVI-cement and transformed considerably from U(VI) to reduced U species by coupled oxidation of Fe(0)/Fe(II) to Fe(III). Furthermore, the increase in pH and NZVI concentration, and presence of humic acid resulted in the enhanced U(VI) reduction in NZVI-cement slurries. The NZVI-cement system was tested with a soil matrix, resulting in successful immobilization of aqueous U(VI) in both batch and column experiments. Moreover, the U(VI) removed in the NZVI-cement system was not leached out by the CARB solution during long-term experiments. The results suggest an NZVI-cement system could represent a promising remediation alternative for effective and stable immobilization of U(VI) in contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngho Sihn
- Department of Nuclear and Quantum Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Lee
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering & Green Environment and Energy Lab., National Laboratory Astana, Nazarbayev University, 53 Kabanbay Batyr Ave., Astana 010000, Kazakhstan.
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9
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Bae S, Collins RN, Waite TD, Hanna K. Advances in Surface Passivation of Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron: A Critical Review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:12010-12025. [PMID: 30277777 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) is one of the most extensively studied nanomaterials in the fields of wastewater treatment and remediation of soil and groundwater. However, rapid oxidative transformations of NZVI can result in reduced NZVI reactivity. Indeed, the surface passivation of NZVI is considered one of the most challenging aspects in successfully applying NZVI to contaminant degradation. The oxidation of NZVI can lead to the formation of FeII-bearing phases (e.g., FeIIO, FeII(OH)2, FeIIFeIII2O4) on the NZVI surface or complete oxidation to ferric (oxyhydr)oxides (e.g., FeIIIOOH). This corrosion phenomenon is dependent upon various factors including the composition of NZVI itself, the type and concentration of aqueous species, reaction time and oxic/anoxic environments. As such, the coexistence of different Fe oxidation states on NZVI surfaces may also, in some instances, provide a unique reactive microenvironment to promote the adsorption of contaminants and their subsequent transformation via redox reactions. Thus, an understanding of passivation chemistry, and its related mechanisms, is essential not only for effective NZVI application but also for accurately assessing the positive and negative effects of NZVI surface passivation. The aim of this review is to discuss the nature of the passivation processes that occur and the passivation byproducts that form in various environments. In particular, the review presents: (i) the strengths and limitations of state-of-the-art techniques (e.g., electron microscopies and X-ray-based spectroscopies) to identify passivation byproducts; (ii) the passivation mechanisms proposed to occur in anoxic and oxic environments; and (iii) the effects arising from synthesis procedures and the presence of inorganics/organics on the nature of the passivation byproducts that form. In addition, several depassivation strategies that may assist in increasing and/or maintaining the reactivity of NZVI are considered, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of NZVI in contaminant degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungjun Bae
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Konkuk University , 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu , Seoul 05029 , Republic of Korea
| | - Richard N Collins
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - T David Waite
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , University of New South Wales , Sydney , New South Wales 2052 , Australia
| | - Khalil Hanna
- Univ Rennes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes , CNRS, ISCR-UMR6226, F-35000 Rennes , France
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10
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Yang F, Jiang Q, Xie W, Zhang Y. Effects of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with various diameters on bacterial cellular membranes: Cytotoxicity and adaptive mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:162-170. [PMID: 28692883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with different diameters on the destruction degree toward cellular membranes of bacterial has been explored by investigating the viability of bacteria and the change of composition and surface properties in cellular membranes with the exposure of MWNTs. The atrazine degrading bacteria Acinetobacter lwoffii DNS32 (DNS32) is chosen as the model species and Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) are selected as the comparison specie. Bacterial viability testing shows that MWNTs with smaller diameters generally display stronger toxicity to bacteria and also influenced by many factors including the electrostatic repulsion between MWNTs and bacteria and bacteria types. Interestingly, bacteria can self-regulate as an adaptive response to the toxicity of MWNTs, notably, DNS32 strain presents the adaptive responses when cultivated with MWNT60-100 through modification of fatty acids in cell membranes, but does not exhibit similar responses when exposed to MWNT10-20. This result may be related to the interference from MWNT10-20, which exceeds the cellular ability to self-repair. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and flow cytometric analysis of bacteria exposed to MWNTs reveal that the destruction of cell membrane in the DNS32 strain is more serious than that in the B. subtilis, indicating that electrostatic repulsion between the material and bacteria leading to the decrease of direct contact may be the primary factor that reduces the impacts from MWNTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; College of Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Qun Jiang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Weiling Xie
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Gil-Díaz M, Alonso J, Rodríguez-Valdés E, Gallego JR, Lobo MC. Comparing different commercial zero valent iron nanoparticles to immobilize As and Hg in brownfield soil. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 584-585:1324-1332. [PMID: 28190571 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale zero valent iron (nZVI) particles obtained by different methods differ in their structure, which lead to different reactivity, and therefore a likely difference in the remediation efficiency. The present study compares the effectiveness of three commercial ZVI nanoparticles to immobilize As and Hg in two soils (A and B) collected from a brownfield highly contaminated by mining and metallurgy activities. Scarce data are available on the effectiveness of nZVI for Hg immobilization in soil. Two commercial nZVI slurries from Toda (RNIP and RNIP-D) and one from Nano Iron (25S) were used at different doses (1, 5 and 10%). The metal(loid) availability and mobility was evaluated with the TCLP test and Tessier extraction procedure. The influence of nZVI application on As and Hg speciation was also evaluated as well as its impact on soil pH, electrical conductivity and soil phytotoxicity to vetch germination. The three commercial nZVI particles significantly reduced As and Hg availability in the two soils studied, which led to a decrease in soil phytotoxicity. At the dose of 5% of nZVI a decrease of exchangeable-As higher than 70% was observed for both soils, whereas in the case of Hg, a higher dose of nZVI (10%) was necessary to achieve reductions of exchangeable-Hg between 63 and 90% depending on the type of nZVI and soil. No impact on soil pH and electrical conductivity was observed. The effectiveness of metal(loid) immobilization depended on type of nZVI, soil properties and metal(loid) characteristics. Nanoparticles from Nano Iron showed better results for As immobilization whereas RNIP nanoparticles were more effective for Hg. Overall, 25S at the dose of 5% resulted more effective than RNIP nanoparticles for the reduction of exchangeable-As (in the range of 6-14%), whereas RNIP and RNIP-D were 10 and 13% more effective, respectively, for the reduction of exchangeable-Hg at the dose of 10% in soil B. Thus, nZVI can be used for the remediation of highly As and Hg polluted soils, although previous experiments at lab scale are necessary to determine the most viable type of nZVI and its dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Gil-Díaz
- IMIDRA, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain.
| | - J Alonso
- IMIDRA, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - J R Gallego
- Universidad de Oviedo, Mieres, Asturias, Spain
| | - M C Lobo
- IMIDRA, Finca "El Encín", Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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Han J, Xin J, Zheng X, Kolditz O, Shao H. Remediation of trichloroethylene-contaminated groundwater by three modifier-coated microscale zero-valent iron. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:14442-14450. [PMID: 27068901 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6368-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Building a microscale zero-valent iron (mZVI) reaction zone is a promising in situ remediation technology for restoring groundwater contaminated by trichloroethylene (TCE). In order to determine a suitable modifier that could not only overcome gravity sedimentation of mZVI but also improve its remediation efficiency for TCE, the three biopolymers xanthan gum (XG), guargum (GG), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) were employed to coat mZVI for surface modification. The suspension stability of the modified mZVI and its TCE removal efficiency were systematically investigated. The result indicated that XG as a shear-thinning fluid showed the most remarkable efficiency of preventing mZVI from gravity sedimentation and enhancing the TCE removal efficiency by mZVI. In a 480-h experiment, the presence of XG (3 g L(-1)) increased the TCE removal efficiency by 31.85 %, whereas GG (3 g L(-1)) and CMC (3 g L(-1)) merely increased by 15.61 and 9.69 % respectively. The pH value, Eh value, and concentration of ferrous ion as functions of the reaction time were recorded in all the reaction systems, which indicated that XG worked best in buffering the pH value of the solution and inhibiting surface passivation of mZVI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Jia Xin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Xilai Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Olaf Kolditz
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research UFZ/TU Dresden, 034202, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Haibing Shao
- Helmholtz Center for Environmental Research UFZ/TU Dresden, 034202, Leipzig, Germany
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Mahmoud ME, Saad EA, Soliman MA, Abdelwahab MS. Synthesis and surface protection of nano zerovalent iron (NZVI) with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane for water remediation of cobalt and zinc and their radioactive isotopes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11049e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A method is described to synthesize a novel magnetic nano-sorbent via surface modification and protection of nano-zerovalent iron (NZVI) with 3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane for the formation of NZVI-NH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed E. Mahmoud
- Faculty of Sciences
- Chemistry Department
- Alexandria University
- Alexandria
- Egypt
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Combined adsorbents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generators in soil for treating reverse osmosis concentrates. POWDER TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2014.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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