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Rho S, Sanders HS, Smith BD, O'Sullivan TD. Miniature wireless LED-device for photodynamic-induced cell pyroptosis. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 47:104209. [PMID: 38734196 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The inability of visible light to penetrate far through biological tissue limits its use for phototherapy and photodiagnosis of deep-tissue sites of disease. This is unfortunate because many visible dyes are excellent photosensitizers and photocatalysts that can induce a wide range of photochemical processes, including photogeneration of reactive oxygen species. One potential solution is to bring the light source closer to the site of disease by using a miniature implantable LED. With this goal in mind, we fabricated a wireless LED-based device (volume of 23 mm3) that is powered by RF energy and emits light with a wavelength of 573 nm. It has the capacity to excite the green absorbing dye Rose Bengal, which is an efficient type II photosensitizer. The wireless transfer of RF power is effective even when the device is buried in chicken breast and located 6 cm from the transmitting antenna. The combination of a wireless device as light source and Rose Bengal as photosensitizer was found to induce cell death of cultured HT-29 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Time-dependent generation of protruding bubbles was observed in the photoactivated cells suggesting cell death by light-induced pyroptosis and supporting evidence was gained by cell staining with the fluorescence probes Annexin-V FITC and Propidium Iodide. The results reveal a future path towards a wireless implanted LED-based device that can trigger photodynamic immunogenic cell death in deep-seated cancerous tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunghoon Rho
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46656, USA
| | - Hailey S Sanders
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Bradley D Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA.
| | - Thomas D O'Sullivan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46656, USA.
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2
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Santos AD, Pinho E, Reis P, Martins RC, Gmurek M, Nogueira A, Castro-Silva S, Castro LM, Quinta-Ferreira RM. Heterogeneous photosensitization for water reuse in cellars: evaluation of silica, spongin, and chitosan as carrier material. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023:10.1007/s11356-023-31178-0. [PMID: 38135794 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-31178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitization, a powerful oxidation reaction, offers significant potential for wastewater treatment in the context of industrial process water reuse. This environmentally friendly process can be crucial in reducing water consumption and industrial pollution. The ultimate goal is to complete process water reuse, creating a closed-loop system that preserves the inherent value of water resources. The photosensitized oxidation reaction hinges on three essential components: the photosensitizer, visible light, and oxygen. In this study, we assess the performance of three distinct materials-silica, chitosan, and spongin-as carrier materials for incorporating the phthalocyanine photosensitizer (ZnPcS4) in the heterogenous photosensitization process. Among the three materials under study, chitosan emerged as the standout performer in reactor hydrodynamic performance. In the photooxidation process, the photosensitizer ZnPcS4 exhibited notable efficacy, resulting in a significant reduction of approximately 20 to 30% in the remaining COD concentration of the cellar wastewater. Chitosan demonstrated exceptional hydrodynamic characteristics and displayed a favorable response to pH adjustments within the range of 8 to 10, outperforming the other two carrier materials. To further enhance the efficiency of continuous operation, exploring methods for mitigating photosensitizer bleaching within the reaction medium and investigating the impact of different pH values on the process optimization would be prudent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia D Santos
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Eduardo Pinho
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Reis
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui C Martins
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Marta Gmurek
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Wolczanska 213, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Anabela Nogueira
- , Lda, Rua de Fundões, 151, 3700-121, São João da Madeira, Portugal
| | | | - Luís M Castro
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Coimbra Institute of Engineering, Rua Pedro Nunes, Quinta da Nora, 3030-199, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rosa M Quinta-Ferreira
- CIEPQPF - Chemical Engineering Processes and Forest Products Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Silvio Lima, 3030-790, Coimbra, Portugal
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Wen Q, Li D, Gao C, Xue Y, Wu L, Song F, Zhou J. Synthesis of a Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI Z-scheme photocatalyst as a highly efficient photo-assisted Fenton-like catalyst for the removal of chlortetracycline hydrochloride. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12763-12778. [PMID: 37614170 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01987j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, ultra-thin nanofiber PDI was obtained by self-assembly dispersion of commercial PDINH. A novel Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst material was constructed by a simple solvothermal method. XRD, SEM, TEM, FT-IR and other characterization techniques proved the successful preparation of the Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst material. By degrading chlortetracycline hydrochloride, it was found that the photocatalytic activity of Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI was much higher than that of pure Co/Ni-MOF-74 and PDI. Subsequently, Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI was used to activate H2O2 to further improve the degradation efficiency of chlortetracycline hydrochloride. It was found that the photocatalytic performance was greatly improved after the addition of 19.6 mM H2O2 to the system, and the degradation rate of chlortetracycline hydrochloride was 87% within 90 min. The electron transfer pathway and H2O2 activation mechanism of the Co/Ni-MOF-74@PDI composite photocatalyst were proved by free radical quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance analysis and X-ray electron spectroscopy. Finally, the easy exfoliation point and degradation pathway of chlortetracycline hydrochloride were studied using density functional theory, UPLC-MS and toxicity evaluation software. It was found that the main active substances were h+, ˙O2, 1O2 and ˙OH, and the toxicity of chlortetracycline hydrochloride and its intermediates was evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Di Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Chunyan Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Yuhang Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Lei Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Fang Song
- Instrument Analysis Center, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, China.
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Liu J, Peng Q, Yang R, Wang B, Zhang X, Wang R, Zhu X, Cheng M, Xu H, Li H. Incorporating Fe, Co co-doped graphene with PDI supermolecular for promoted photocatalytic activity: A story of electron transfer. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 637:94-103. [PMID: 36689801 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Iron-cobalt dual single-atom anchoring on nitrogen-doped graphene (FexCoy-NG) improves the efficiency of migration and separation of photo-generated carriers. In this work, the perylene diimide (PDI) is self-assembled on the FexCoy-NG to form the FexCoy-NG/PDI composites by π-π interaction, which is reported for the first time. The bisphenol A (BPA) degradation of optimized 20% Fe0.2Co0.8-NG/PDI are nearly 100%, and the degradation rate is 1.5 and 12.7 times that of the self-assembled PDI and commercial-grade PDI. The high degradation performance by FexCoy-NG/PDI are mainly due to: (i) regulating the proportion of Fe-Co dual active sites content, so that it can achieve the synergistic interaction to facilitate the transfer of electrons in the catalytic reaction. (ii) PDI is uniformly dispersed by adding the FexCoy-NG, which increases the specific surface area of composites to adsorb more pollutants. Free radical trapping experiments and electron spin-resonance spectroscopy characterization confirmed that the O2-, OH, 1O2 and h+ are the main reactive species (RSs) for BPA degradation. Under the attack of RSs, BPA completes the processes of hydroxylation, demethylation, aromatization, ring-opening, and finally complete mineralization into CO2 and H2O. These results revealed that Fe0.2Co0.8-NG/PDI photocatalysts may be efficiently applied for the remediation of phenol contaminated natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyuan Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Qichang Peng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ruizhe Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China; Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Xingwang Zhu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, PR China
| | - Ming Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China.
| | - Huaming Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, PR China
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MIL-53(Fe)@perylene Diimide All-Organic Heterojunctions for the Enhanced Photocatalytic Removal of Pollutants and Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13030471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Organic semiconductors are promising materials for the photocatalytic treatment of pollutants and organic synthesis. Herein, MIL-53(Fe)@perylene diimide (PDI) organic heterojunctions were constructed by ultrasonic assembly using PDI as the co-catalyst, and PDI organic supramolecular material was uniformly distributed on the surfaces of MIL-53(Fe). The most effective M53@PDI-20 organic heterojunctions achieved 72.7% photodegradation of rhodamine B (10 mg/L) within 50 min and a 99.9% reduction in Cr(VI) (10 mg/L) for 150 min, and the corresponding apparent degradation rate constants were higher than a single component. Meanwhile, the conversion rate of benzyl alcohol over M53@PDI-20 achieved 91.5% for 5 h with a selectivity of above 90% under visible light exposure, which was more than double that of PDI. The well-matched band structures and the strong π–π bonding interactions between MIL-53(Fe) and PDI can increase the electron delocalization effect to facilitate the transfer and separation of photogenerated carriers. Lots of oxidative reactive species (h+, •O2− and •OH) also played a great contribution to the strong oxidation capacity over the heterojunctions system. This work suggests that MIL-53(Fe)@PDI organic heterojunctions may be a promising material for pollutant removal and organic synthesis.
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Du T, Ren L, Zhang Y, Cui M, Chao Y, Ge Y, Liu N, An Y, Meng C. Removal of nitrogen oxides under visible light irradiation by copper phthalocyanine/MOR zeolite composite. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Büchner R, Vaz da Cruz V, Grover N, Charisiadis A, Fondell M, Haverkamp R, Senge MO, Föhlisch A. Fundamental electronic changes upon intersystem crossing in large aromatic photosensitizers: free base 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxylatophenyl)porphyrin. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:7505-7511. [PMID: 35288726 PMCID: PMC8942076 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05420a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Free base 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(4-carboxylatophenyl)porphyrin stands for the class of powerful porphyrin photosensitizers for singlet oxygen generation and light-harvesting. The atomic level selectivity of dynamic UV pump – N K-edge probe X-ray absorption spectroscopy in combination with time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) gives direct access to the crucial excited molecular states within the unusual relaxation pathway. The efficient intersystem crossing, that is El-Sayed forbidden and not facilitated by a heavy atom is confirmed to be the result of the long singlet excited state lifetime (Qx 4.9 ns) and thermal effects. Overall, the interplay of stabilization by conservation of angular momenta and vibronic relaxation drive the de-excitation in these chromophores. The crucial transient states of free-base porphyrins are characterized by time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy unraveling their unusual relaxation pathway.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Robby Büchner
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. .,Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Vinícius Vaz da Cruz
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nitika Grover
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Asterios Charisiadis
- School of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Mattis Fondell
- Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Robert Haverkamp
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. .,Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Mathias O Senge
- Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstrasse 2a, 85748 Munchen Garching, Germany.
| | - Alexander Föhlisch
- Institute of Physics and Astronomy, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany. .,Institute for Methods and Instrumentation for Synchrotron Radiation Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Str. 15, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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8
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Rabbani M, Shokraiyan J, Rahimi R, Amrollahi R. Comparison of photocatalytic activity of ZnO, Ag-ZnO, Cu-ZnO, Ag, Cu-ZnO and TPPS/ZnO for the degradation of methylene blue under UV and visible light irradiation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2021; 84:1813-1825. [PMID: 34662315 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2021.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zinc oxide and silver and copper-doped zinc oxide nanorods were synthesized by a simple template-free precipitation technique. In addition, meso-tetrakis-(4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS4) was prepared and immobilized on ZnO nanorods (TPPS/ZnO). The synthesized photocatalysts were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, and Fourier transform Infrared spectroscopy. The potential of the obtained photocatalysts in the degradation of methylene blue was investigated under UV and visible light irradiation. The results revealed that the photocatalytic activity of TPPS/ZnO was higher than those of the pure ZnO and doped ZnO under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboubeh Rabbani
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
| | - Javad Shokraiyan
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail: ; Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, United States
| | - Rahmatollah Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
| | - Rezvaneh Amrollahi
- Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran
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9
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Recent developments of perylene diimide (PDI) supramolecular photocatalysts: A review. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2021.100436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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10
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Wellauer J, Miladinov D, Buchholz T, Schütz J, Stemmler RT, Medlock JA, Bonrath W, Sparr C. Organophotocatalytic Aerobic Oxygenation of Phenols in a Visible-Light Continuous-Flow Photoreactor. Chemistry 2021; 27:9748-9752. [PMID: 33871915 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A mild photocatalytic phenol oxygenation enabled by a continuous-flow photoreactor using visible light and pressurized air is described herein. Products for wide-ranging applications, including the synthesis of vitamins, were obtained in high yields by precisely controlling principal process parameters. The reactor design permits low organophotocatalyst loadings to generate singlet oxygen. It is anticipated that the efficient aerobic phenol oxygenation to benzoquinones and p-quinols contributes to sustainable synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joël Wellauer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dragan Miladinov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Buchholz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jan Schütz
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., P.O. Box 2676, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - René T Stemmler
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., P.O. Box 2676, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Werner Bonrath
- DSM Nutritional Products Ltd., P.O. Box 2676, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christof Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, St. Johanns-Ring 19, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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11
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Mafukidze DM, Nyokong T. Photocatalytic and solar radiation harvesting potential of a free-base porphyrin-zinc (II) phthalocyanine heterodyad functionalized polystyrene polymer membrane for the degradation of 4-chlorophenol. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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12
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Evaluation of the use of free or supported phenalenone based on natural halloysite for phenol photodegradation in aqueous solution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Mousali E, Zanjanchi MA. Loading of nickel phthalocyanine onto functionalized mesoporous KIT-6 solid support: an efficient visible photocatalyst for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol. REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11144-020-01790-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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14
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Navaei Z, Zanjanchi MA. Synthesis of an efficient photocatalyst by incorporation of phthalocyanine into KIT-6. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2845-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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15
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Fujishiro R, Sonoyama H, Ide Y, Fujimura T, Sasai R, Kaufman NEM, Zhou Z, Vicente MGH, Ikeue T. Singlet oxygen generation of subphthalocyanine-fused dimer and trimer. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2020. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424619500895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Subphthalocyanine (SubPc) macrocycles are known as an interesting class of nonplanar aromatic dyes. Despite documented high fluorescence and singlet oxygen quantum yields, the properties of SubPcs in photodynamic therapy (PDT) are underestimated, because their absorption bands do not reach a significant wavelength range. With this in mind, we combined a SubPc ring and a SubPc ring by introducing a common benzene ring and obtained a SubPc dimer (2) and trimer (3) with the Q-band at the near-IR region, owing to the expansion of the [Formula: see text] electron conjugated system. In this study, we reported1O2generation abilities of 2 and 3based on the applied absolute singlet oxygen quantum yields ([Formula: see text]absolute). Subsequent research revealed that 2 and 3 showed the potential to generate1O2to not only in toluene but also in DMSO. Although the photocytotoxicity of 2 and 3 were investigated upon photo-irradiation with a low light dose of approximately 1.5 J/cm2, 2 and 3 showed almost negligible toxic properties toward HEp2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Fujishiro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hayato Sonoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuki Ide
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Nichole E. M. Kaufman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, USA
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803-1804, USA
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
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Neves CMB, Filipe OMS, Mota N, Santos SAO, Silvestre AJD, Santos EBH, Neves MGPMS, Simões MMQ. Photodegradation of metoprolol using a porphyrin as photosensitizer under homogeneous and heterogeneous conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2019; 370:13-23. [PMID: 30503313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.11.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Porphyrins are known as effective photosensitizers and can be an interesting key in phototreatment of water contaminated with micropollutants such as pharmaceuticals. They already showed to be efficient photocatalysts for the degradation of dyes, chlorophenols and other pollutants. This work demonstrates the applicability of 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphyrin (H2TF5PP) as photosensitizer for treatment of water contaminated with metoprolol, a highly prescribed β-blocker, which is not completely removed in sewage treatment plants. Studies were firstly developed under homogeneous conditions with simulated solar radiation and porphyrin was found to be efficient in the photodegradation of metoprolol, following a pseudo-first order kinetics with ca. 90% metoprolol degradation after 12 h. Experiments in presence of scavengers confirmed the mechanism of degradation via singlet oxygen. Appearance of several new peaks in HPLC chromatograms indicates the formation of products, identified by HPLC-MSn. Furthermore, the porphyrin was immobilized on a silica support and used as heterogeneous photocatalyst in degradation of metoprolol. Experiments using this heterogeneous photocatalyst under real solar irradiation were also performed, and similar results were obtained. Kinetic comparison of metoprolol photodegradation in buffer solution and in real wastewater treatment plant effluent showed that the efficiency of the immobilized porphyrin was not decreased by the complex matrix of the effluent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia M B Neves
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Olga M S Filipe
- CERNAS - Research Centre for Natural Resources, Environment and Society, College of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Nuno Mota
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia A O Santos
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Armando J D Silvestre
- CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Eduarda B H Santos
- CESAM, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - M Graça P M S Neves
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Mário M Q Simões
- QOPNA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Hong J, Fauvell TJ, Helweh W, Zhang X, Chen LX. Investigation of the photoinduced axial ligation process in the excited state of nickel(II) phthalocyanine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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18
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Fujishiro R, Sonoyama H, Ide Y, Fujimura T, Sasai R, Nagai A, Mori S, Kaufman NEM, Zhou Z, Vicente MGH, Ikeue T. Synthesis, photodynamic activities, and cytotoxicity of new water-soluble cationic gallium(III) and zinc(II) phthalocyanines. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 192:7-16. [PMID: 30551005 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The cationic Ga(III) and Zn(II) phthalocyanines carrying N-methyl-pyridinium groups at eight peripheral β-positionshave been synthesized. These complexes are highly soluble in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and moderately soluble in water and phosphate buffered saline (PBS); both Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have shown no aggregation in water up to 1.2 × 10-4 and 1.5 × 10-5 M, respectively. A higher water-solubility of Ga(III)Cl complex as compared to Zn(II) complex is ascribed to the presence of an axially coordinated chloride. The spectroscopic properties, photogeneration of singlet oxygen (1O2), and cytotoxicity of these complexes have been investigated. The absolute quantum yields (ΦΔabsolute) for the photogeneration of singlet oxygen using Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have been determined to be 4.4 and 5.3%, respectively, in DMSO solution. The cytotoxicity and intracellular sites of localization of Ga(III)Cl and Zn(II) complexes have been evaluated in human HEp2 cells. Both complexes, localized intracellularly in multiple organelles, have shown no cytotoxicity in the dark. Upon exposure to a low light dose (1.5 J/cm2), however, Zn(II) complex has exhibited a high photocytotoxicity. The result suggests that Zn(II) complex can be considered as a potential photosensitizer for Photodynamic therapy (PDT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rei Fujishiro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hayato Sonoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Yuki Ide
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Nagai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Mori
- Advanced Research Support Center, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Nichole E M Kaufman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1804, USA
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1804, USA
| | - M Graça H Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-1804, USA
| | - Takahisa Ikeue
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu, Matsue 690-8504, Japan.
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Hu F, Xu S, Liu B. Photosensitizers with Aggregation-Induced Emission: Materials and Biomedical Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801350. [PMID: 30066341 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 466] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy is arising as a noninvasive treatment modality for cancer and other diseases. One of the key factors to determine the therapeutic function is the efficiency of photosensitizers (PSs). Opposed to traditional PSs, which show quenched fluorescence and reduced singlet oxygen production in the aggregate state, PSs with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) exhibit enhanced fluorescence and strong photosensitization ability in nanoparticles. Here, the design principles of AIE PSs and their biomedical applications are discussed in detail, starting with a summary of traditional PSs, followed by a comparison between traditional and AIE PSs to highlight the various design strategies and unique features of the latter. Subsequently, the applications of AIE PSs in photodynamic cancer cell ablation, bacteria killing, and image-guided therapy are discussed using charged AIE PSs, AIE PS molecular probes, and AIE PS nanoparticles as examples. These studies have demonstrated the great potential of AIE PSs as effective theranostic agents to treat tumor or bacterial infection. This review hopefully will spur more research interest in AIE PSs for future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Shidang Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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20
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Aguilar-Ortíz E, Jalilian AR, Ávila-Rodríguez MA. Porphyrins as ligands for 64copper: background and trends. MEDCHEMCOMM 2018; 9:1577-1588. [PMID: 30429966 PMCID: PMC6194497 DOI: 10.1039/c8md00263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Porphyrins and 64Cu have emerged as a novel synergic option for applications in PET molecular imaging. Both the characteristics and photophysical properties of macrocyclic porphyrins and the relatively long half-life of the copper isotope, in addition to the increased tumor-specific uptake of porphyrins compared to normal cells, make this complex an attractive option not only for diagnosis but also for therapeutic applications. Herein, we present an overview of the latest results on the development of PET agents based on porphyrins and 64Cu, including methods used to improve the selectivity of these macrocycles when conjugated with biological units such as monoclonal antibodies, peptides or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Aguilar-Ortíz
- Unidad Radiofarmacia-Ciclotrón , División de Investigación , Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , 04510 Cd. Mx. , Mexico . ;
| | - Amir R Jalilian
- Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications , International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) , Vienna , Austria
| | - Miguel A Ávila-Rodríguez
- Unidad Radiofarmacia-Ciclotrón , División de Investigación , Facultad de Medicina , Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México , 04510 Cd. Mx. , Mexico . ;
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21
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Cyza M, Gut A, Łapok Ł, Solarski J, Knyukshto V, Kępczyński M, Nowakowska M. Iodinated zinc phthalocyanine – The novel visible-light activated photosensitizer for efficient generation of singlet oxygen. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Mendoza C, Emmanuel N, Páez CA, Dreesen L, Monbaliu JCM, Heinrichs B. Transitioning from conventional batch to microfluidic processes for the efficient singlet oxygen photooxygenation of methionine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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23
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Koehler B, Barsotti F, Minella M, Landelius T, Minero C, Tranvik LJ, Vione D. Simulation of photoreactive transients and of photochemical transformation of organic pollutants in sunlit boreal lakes across 14 degrees of latitude: A photochemical mapping of Sweden. WATER RESEARCH 2018; 129:94-104. [PMID: 29132125 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.10.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Lake water constituents, such as chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and nitrate, absorb sunlight which induces an array of photochemical reactions. Although these reactions are a substantial driver of pollutant degradation in lakes they are insufficiently understood, in particular on large scales. Here, we provide for the first time comprehensive photochemical maps covering a large geographic region. Using photochemical kinetics modeling for 1048 lakes across Sweden we simulated the steady-state concentrations of four photoreactive transient species, which are continuously produced and consumed in sunlit lake waters. We then simulated the transient-induced photochemical transformation of organic pollutants, to gain insight into the relevance of the different photoreaction pathways. We found that boreal lakes were often unfavorable environments for photoreactions mediated by hydroxyl radicals (OH) and carbonate radical anions (CO3-), while photoreactions mediated by CDOM triplet states (3CDOM*) and, to a lesser extent, singlet oxygen (1O2) were the most prevalent. These conditions promote the photodegradation of phenols, which are used as plastic, medical drug and herbicide precursors. When CDOM concentrations increase, as is currently commonly the case in boreal areas such as Sweden, 3CDOM* will also increase, promoting its importance in photochemical pathways even more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Koehler
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Francesco Barsotti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Minella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Tomas Landelius
- Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute, Atmospheric Remote Sensing, Folkborgsvägen 1, 60176 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Claudio Minero
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Lars J Tranvik
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18 D, 75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Davide Vione
- Department of Chemistry, University of Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy.
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24
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Gomez-Saez GV, Pohlabeln AM, Stubbins A, Marsay CM, Dittmar T. Photochemical Alteration of Dissolved Organic Sulfur from Sulfidic Porewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:14144-14154. [PMID: 29136372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b03713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidic sediments are a source of dissolved organic sulfur (DOS) to the ocean but the fate of sedimentary DOS in the oxic, sunlit water column is unknown. We hypothesized that photodegradation after discharge from the dark sedimentary environment results in DOS molecular transformation and decomposition. To test this hypothesis, sulfidic porewater from a saltmarsh was exposed to potential abiotic transformations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the water column. We quantitatively investigated DOM transformations via elemental analysis and molecularly via ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. Our study indicated that photoreactivity is dependent on DOM elemental composition as DOS molecular formulas were more photolabile than those without sulfur. Prior to solar irradiation, of the 6451 identified molecular formulas in sulfidic porewater, 39% contained sulfur. After 29 days of irradiation, the DOS concentration was depleted from 13 to 1 μM, together with a 9% decrease in the number of DOS molecular formulas. Comparing porewater and oceanic DOS molecular formulas, solar irradiation increased the similarity due to the removal of photolabile DOS formulas not present in the ocean. In conclusion, DOS from sulfidic sediments is preferentially photolabile and solar irradiation can be a potential mechanism controlling the stability and fate of porewater DOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo V Gomez-Saez
- Research Group for Marine Geochemistry (ICBM - MPI Bridging Group), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Anika M Pohlabeln
- Research Group for Marine Geochemistry (ICBM - MPI Bridging Group), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Aron Stubbins
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia , Savannah, Georgia 30602-3636, United States
| | - Chris M Marsay
- Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia , Savannah, Georgia 30602-3636, United States
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- Research Group for Marine Geochemistry (ICBM - MPI Bridging Group), Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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25
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Photodynamic Action against Wastewater Microorganisms and Chemical Pollutants: An Effective Approach with Low Environmental Impact. WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9090630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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26
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Han C, Jing M, Shen X, Qiao G. Electrospinning fabrication of mesoporous nano Fe2O3-TiO2@activated carbon fiber membrane for hybrid removal of phenol from waste water. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427216120120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Hu Y, Li D, Sun F, Weng Y, You S, Shao Y. Temperature-induced phase changes in bismuth oxides and efficient photodegradation of phenol and p-chlorophenol. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2016; 301:362-370. [PMID: 26384997 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Revised: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel, simple and efficient approach for photodegrading phenol and p-chlorophenol, based on BixOy, was reported for the first time. Monoclinic Bi2O4 was prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of NaBiO3·2H2O. A series of interesting phase transitions happened and various bismuth oxides (Bi4O7, β-Bi2O3 and α-Bi2O3) were obtained by sintering Bi2O4 at different temperatures. The results demonstrated that the Bi2O4 and Bi4O7 phase had strong abilities towards the oxidative decomposition of phenol and p-chlorophenol and very high rates of TOC removal were observed. The characterization by XRD and XPS revealed that Bi(4+) in Bi2O4 and Bi(3.5+) in Bi4O7 were reduced to Bi(3+) during the reaction process. Singlet oxygen ((1)O2) was identified as the major reactive species generated by Bi2O4 and Bi4O7 for the photodegradation of p-chlorophenol and phenol. This novel approach could be used as a highly efficient and green technology for treating wastewaters contaminated by high concentrations of phenol and chlorophenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Hu
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, PR China; Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
| | - Danzhen Li
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China.
| | - Fuqian Sun
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, PR China
| | - Yaqing Weng
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, PR China
| | - Shengyong You
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330096, PR China
| | - Yu Shao
- Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, PR China
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Jack RS, Ayoko GA, Adebajo MO, Frost RL. A review of iron species for visible-light photocatalytic water purification. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:7439-7449. [PMID: 25821036 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4346-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron species are one of the least toxic and least expensive substances that are photocatalytic in the visible region of the spectrum. Therefore, this article focuses on iron-based photocatalysts sensitive to visible light. Photo-Fenton reactions are considered with respect to those assisted by and involve the in situ production of H₂O₂. The possible role that photoactive iron species play by interacting with natural organic matter in water purification in the natural environment is considered. The review also considered photosensitization by phthalocyanines and the potential role that layered double hydroxides may have not only as catalyst supports but also as photosensitizers themselves. Finally, photocatalytic disinfection of water is discussed, and the desirability of standardized metrics and experimental conditions to assist in the comparative evaluation of photocatalysts is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Russell S Jack
- Discipline of Nanotechnology and Molecular Science, Science and Engineering Faculty, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George Street, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
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29
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Rahimi R, Shokraiyan J, Rabbani M, Fayyaz F. Enhanced photobactericidal activity of ZnO nanorods modified by meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin under visible LED lamp irradiation. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2015; 71:1249-54. [PMID: 25909737 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this study, zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods have been synthesized using a simple template-free precipitation technique and deposited on glass substrate. The meso-tetrakis(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS) has been synthesized and then immobilized on the surface of ZnO nanorods to prepare an organic/inorganic composite. The samples were characterized by various techniques such as X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance spectra, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. In addition, the photobactericidal activity of TPPS/ZnO composite, TPPS and ZnO nanorods was tested against the pathogenic bacterium of Escherichia coli under visible LED lamp irradiation. The results indicate that the photobactericidal activity of TPPS-loaded ZnO nanorods was better than TPPS or ZnO nanorods, separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahmatollah Rahimi
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
| | - Javad Shokraiyan
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
| | - Mahboubeh Rabbani
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
| | - Fatemeh Fayyaz
- Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran E-mail:
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30
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Yuan B, Yang H, Wang Z, Zhang X. Interfacial fabrication of functional supramolecular polymeric networks for photocatalysis. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:15462-15467. [PMID: 25479195 DOI: 10.1021/la504068u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymeric networks based on host-enhanced π-π interaction have been obtained at a liquid-solid interface through the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of porphyrin bearing four naphthalene groups and cucurbit[8]uril. The fabricating progress of supramolecular networks at interface can be efficiently controlled, simply by adjusting the layer-pair number of LbL films. Moreover, upon irradiation of visible light, these supramolecular networks exhibit good catalytic features for the oxidation of various phenols. It is anticipated that this strategy of fabricating supramolecular polymeric networks at the interface has potential applications in the fields of sewage disposal and biocatalysis, just to name a few.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yuan
- Key Lab of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
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31
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Ovechkin AS, Kartsova LA. Methods for the detection and determination of singlet oxygen. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934815010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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32
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Drozd D, Szczubiałka K, Kumorek M, Kepczynski M, Nowakowska M. Photoactive polymer–nanoclay hybrid photosensitizer for oxidation of phenol in aqueous media with the visible light. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Łapok Ł, Cyza M, Gut A, Kępczyński M, Szewczyk G, Sarna T, Nowakowska M. Synthesis, spectroscopic properties and interaction with a liposomal membrane of a novel iodinated magnesium phthalocyanine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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34
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Zhao T, Yu K, Li L, Zhang T, Guan Z, Gao N, Yuan P, Li S, Yao SQ, Xu QH, Xu GQ. Gold nanorod enhanced two-photon excitation fluorescence of photosensitizers for two-photon imaging and photodynamic therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2700-8. [PMID: 24483257 DOI: 10.1021/am405214w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plasmon enhancement of optical properties is both fundamentally important and appealing for many biological and photonic applications. Although metal-enhanced two-photon excitation fluorescence has been demonstrated in the solid substrates, there is no report on metal enhanced overall two-photon excitation fluorescence in the colloid system. Here we systematically investigated gold nanorod enhanced one- and two-photon excitation fluorescence of a porphyrin molecule, T790. The separation distance between the metal core and T790 was varied by adjusting the silica shell thickness from 13 to 42 nm. One- and two-photon excitation fluorescence intensities of T790 were found to strongly depend on the thickness of silica shell that separates gold nanorod and T790. The optimum one- and two-photon excitation fluorescence enhancement was found to occur at shell thicknesses of 34 and 20 nm, with enhancement factors of 2.1 and 11.8, respectively. Fluorescence lifetime of T790 steadily decreased as the shell thickness decreased. The observed two-photon excitation fluorescence enhancement is ascribed to a combination effect of local electric field amplification and competition between increased radiative and non-radiative decay rates. Core-shell nanoparticles that displayed enhanced two-photon excitation fluorescence were also found to exhibit significantly improved singlet oxygen generation capability under two-photon excitation. The applications of these nanoparticles as effective agents for two-photon cell imaging and nano-photosensitizers for two-photon photodynamic therapy with improved efficiency have also been demonstrated in HepG2 cancer cells. The combined advantages of enhanced two-photon excitation fluorescence and two-photon induced singlet oxygen generation make these core-shell nanoparticles as attractive agents for two-photon imaging guided two-photon photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore , 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543
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Self-assembled monolayer of 2,9,16,23-tetrahydroxythiophenylphthalocyanatocobalt(II) on gold electrode and its electrocatalytic activity towards dioxygen reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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36
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Chang CF, Man CY. Magnetic photocatalysts of copper phthalocyanine-sensitized titania for the photodegradation of dimethyl phthalate under visible light. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Keen OS, Thurman EM, Ferrer I, Dotson AD, Linden KG. Dimer formation during UV photolysis of diclofenac. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 93:1948-1956. [PMID: 23911263 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.06.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Dimer formation was observed during ultraviolet (UV) photolysis of the anti-inflammatory drug diclofenac, and confirmed with mass spectrometry, NMR and fluorescence analysis. The dimers were combinations of the two parent molecules or of the parent and the product of photolysis, and had visible color. Radical formation during UV exposure and dissolved oxygen photosensitized reactions played a role in dimer formation. Singlet oxygen formed via photosensitization by photolysis products of diclofenac. It reacted with diclofenac to form an epoxide which is an intermediate in some dimer formation pathways. Quantum yield of photolysis for diclofenac was 0.21±0.02 and 0.19±0.02 for UV irradiation from medium pressure and low pressure mercury vapor lamps, respectively. Band pass filter experiments revealed that the quantum yield is constant at wavelengths >200 nm. The same dimers formed in laboratory grade water when either of the two UV sources was used. Dimers did not form in wastewater effluent matrix, and diclofenac epoxide molecules may have formed bonds with organic matter rather than each other Implications for the importance of dimer formation in NOM are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olya S Keen
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado, UCB 428, Boulder, CO 80309, United States; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of North Carolina, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223, United States
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38
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Sakamoto K, Yoshino S, Takemoto M, Furuya N. Syntheses of near infrared absorbed phthalocyanines to utilize photosensitizers. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2013. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424613500326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Phthalocyanines have become of major interest as functional colorants for various applications. In order to use various applications especially photosensitizers, the absorption maxima called Q-band of phthalocyanines are required to be shifted to the near infrared region. Substituted phthalocyanine analog alkylbenzopiridoporphyrazins, especially zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine, and toroidal-shaped phthalocyanines having aminoamine dendric side chains such as toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons were synthesized. Phthalocyanines of two types reportedly use photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy of cancer. The respective efficacies of photodynamic therapy of cancer for zinc bis(1,4-didecylbenzo)-bis(3,4-pyrido)porphyrazine and its regioisomers were estimated using laser-flash photolysis. The capability of using photodynamic therapy for toroidal zinc poly(aminoamine)phthalocyanine dendrons was assessed using a cancer cell culture. Both phthalocyanines were suitable for the use as a photosensitizer as photodynamic therapy of cancer. Then, non-peripheral thioaryl substituted phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines, such as 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethyl)phthalocyanines, 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenylmethoxy)phthalocyanines, and 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thiophenyl tert-butyl)phthalocyanines were also synthesized in order to develop next- generation photovoltaic cells and/or dye-sensitized solar cells. Non-peripheral substituted 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines exhibited a Q-band in the near infrared region. Electrochemical measurements were performed on the above-mentioned 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines described above to examine their electron transfer abilities and electrochemical mechanisms. The compounds 1,4,8,11,15,18,22,25-octakis(thioaryl)phthalocyanines are anticipated to be appropriate materials for use in the next generation of photovoltaic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sakamoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yoshino
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Takemoto
- Department of Sustainable Engineering, College of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
| | - Naoki Furuya
- Academic Major of Applied Molecular Chemistry, Graduate School of Industrial Technology, Nihon University, 1-2-1 Izumi-cho, Narashino-shi, Chiba-ken 275-8575, Japan
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Xing R, Wu L, Fei Z, Wu P. Mesopolymer modified with palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate as a versatile photocatalyst for phenol and bisphenol A degradation under visible light irradiation. J Environ Sci (China) 2013; 25:1687-1695. [PMID: 24520709 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(12)60216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A novel versatile photocatalyst, FDU-PdPcS, was prepared by immobilizing palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate (PdPcS) onto the FDU-15 mesopolymer via multi-step chemical modification processes involving chloromethylation of the FDU-15 mesopolymer first with chloromethyl methyl ether, a subsequent amination reaction with ethylenediamine, and finally modification with palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate via ionic interaction. The obtained FDU-PdPcS photocatalyst was characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Vis spectrosopy and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) techniques. This photocatalyst not only affords a high dispersion of monomeric PdPcS molecules, which may further be stabilized by the pi-electron of benzene rings of FDU-15, but also provides a number of diamino groups inside the mesopores, which could be advantageous for the photodegradation of phenolic pollutants. In photodegradation studies of phenolic pollutants, the FDU-PdPcS catalyst exhibited excellent visible light photocatalytic activity and reusability. The photodegradation products of phenol and bisphenol A were investigated by the gas chromatoghraphy-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique. The results showed that the photodegradation products were composed of carboxylic acids and CO2. Isopropanol, sodium azide and benzoquinone were used as hydroxyl radical (OH*), singlet oxygen (1O2) and superoxide radical (O2*-) scavengers, respectively. The results suggested that 1O2 and O2*- were the prominent active species during the photodegradation process. A possible mechanism for the photodegradation of phenol was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Xing
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China.
| | - Lin Wu
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Zhenghao Fei
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Wetland Bioresources and Environmental Protection, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China
| | - Peng Wu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China
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Visible-light photosensitized oxidation of α-terpinene using novel silica-supported sensitizers: Photooxygenation vs. photodehydrogenation. J Catal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Xing R, Wu L, Fei Z, Wu P. Palladium phthalocyaninesulfonate functionalized mesoporous polymer: A highly efficient photocatalyst for degradation of 4-chlorophenol under visible light irradiation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2013.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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42
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Trytek M, Lipke A, Majdan M, Pisarek S, Gryko D. Homo- and Heterogeneous α-Pinene Photooxidation Using a Protoporphyrin-Derived Amide. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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43
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44
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Ma M, Diao F, Zheng X, Guo Z. Selective light-triggered chemiluminescence between fluorescent dyes and luminol, and its analytical application. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 404:585-92. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-6123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2012] [Revised: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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45
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Physico-chemical properties of lutetium phthalocyanine complexes in solution and in solid polystyrene polymer fibers and their application in photoconversion of 4-nitrophenol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2012.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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46
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GANSCHOW MATTHIAS, WÖHRLE DIETER, SCHULZ-EKLOFF GÜNTER. Incorporation of Differently Substituted Phthalocyanines into the Mesoporous Molecular Sieve Si-MCM-41. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1099-1409(199904)3:4<299::aid-jpp134>3.0.co;2-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Substituted phthalocyanine Zn complexes exhibiting negative, positive or no charge are incorporated in the mesopores of Si -MCM-41 materials during hydrothermal synthesis in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride. The nature of the intermolecular interaction between the surfactant micelle and the capped chromophores determines (i) the resistance of the dye towards hydrolytic degradation during the synthesis and (ii) its stability of anchoring towards extraction with ethanol in the composite material. Loadings up to 2 × 10−5 mol/g molecular sieve are achieved, corresponding to an average distance between the encapsulated dye molecules between 2 and 3 nm. The UV-vis spectra reveal the non-aggregated state of the chromophores, pointing to a uniform distribution and a perfect separation by the surfactant molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- MATTHIAS GANSCHOW
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universität Bremen, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - DIETER WÖHRLE
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie, Universität Bremen, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - GÜNTER SCHULZ-EKLOFF
- Institut für Angewandte und Physikalische Chemie, Universität Bremen, PO Box 330 440, D-28334 Bremen, Germany
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Sol–gel immobilization of octaethylporphine and hematoporphyrin for biomimetic photooxidation of α-pinene. J Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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48
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Zugle R, Antunes E, Khene S, Nyokong T. Photooxidation of 4-chlorophenol sensitized by lutetium tetraphenoxy phthalocyanine anchored on electrospun polystyrene polymer fiber. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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49
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Seven O, Dindar B, Aydemir S, Cilli F. Synthesis, properties and photodynamic activities of some zinc(II) phthalocyanines against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424608000339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two new zinc phthalocyanine derivatives bearing four 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl (ZnPc1) and 3,5-dimethylphenoxy (ZnPc2) have been synthesized and proved by elemental analyses and UV-vis, 1H NMR, FTIR and MALDI-TOF mass spectra as spectroscopic determination. Thermal stabilities of these neutral Zn -phthalocyanines were performed by thermal gravimetric analysis and, significantly, were found stable up to 373 °C for ZnPc1 and 550 °C for ZnPc2. In addition, the photostability of the sensitizers was quite successful within 240 min. Furthermore, photodynamic therapy has been investigated using these neutral phthalocyanines. Singlet oxygen generation capacities of ZnPc1 and ZnPc2 were studied using 1,3-diphenyl-iso-benzofuran (50.0 μM) as a selective singlet oxygen trap in DMSO and both of them demonstrated very high singlet oxygen generation capacity. Photodynamic therapy is of considerable interest for its potential as an antimicrobial therapy on the grounds that the photodynamic activity of these compounds was tested against a Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli and a Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus. Suspensions of the microorganisms were irradiated for 240 min in the presence of ZnPc1 (with hydrophilic group) and ZnPc2 phthalocyanines. In order to simulate solar radiation, we used a 750 W xenon lamp. Minimum photosensitizer concentration was used as 0.1 mg.10 mL-1 in 1% dimethylsulfoxide/phosphate buffer saline solution (DMSO/PBS). Moreover, the photostability of these compounds has been investigated and the effect of the amount of DMSO tested against selected bacteria. In the dark, with and without Pcs, bacterial inactivation did not occur. Bacterial inactivation by light with ZnPc1 was observed in response to Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria S. aureus, whereas the photoinactivation studies with ZnPc2 have revealed that the lack of its activity is due to its poor affinity for either of the organisms. These results suggest that a neutral amphiphilic photosensitizer may be easily used in an application concerning photoinactivation of bacterial cells as well as ionic photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozlem Seven
- Department of Solar Energy, Institute of Solar Energy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bircan Dindar
- Department of Solar Energy, Institute of Solar Energy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sohret Aydemir
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Feriha Cilli
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey
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Kuznetsova NA, Okunchikov VV, Derkacheva VM, Kaliya OL, Lukyanets EA. Photooxidation of metallophthalocyanines: the effects of singlet oxygen and PcM-O2 complex formation. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2012. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424605000496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The importance of singlet oxygen mechanism in photooxidation of phthalocyanine chromophore has been studied for promising singlet oxygen sensitizers: metal-free tetra-tert-butyl phthalocyanine and its Zn , Mg or Al complexes. It has been found that involvement of singlet oxygen in phthalocyanine photodegradation is dependent on the presence and character of the central metal atom, being the most prominent for the metal-free compound and almost negligible for the Al complex. The interaction of dioxygen with metal centers results in a sharp increase of phthalocyanine photooxidation rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina A. Kuznetsova
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1/4, Moscow 101999, Russia
| | | | | | - Oleg L. Kaliya
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1/4, Moscow 101999, Russia
| | - Evgeny A. Lukyanets
- Organic Intermediates and Dyes Institute, B. Sadovaya 1/4, Moscow 101999, Russia
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