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Nasal lavage fluid nuclear factor kappa B and cytology in asthmatic children and their correlation with severity and control. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF CHEST DISEASES AND TUBERCULOSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcdt.2016.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Development and validation of an ELISA at acidic pH for the quantitative determination of IL-13 in human plasma and serum. DISEASE MARKERS 2013; 35:465-74. [PMID: 24222716 PMCID: PMC3810116 DOI: 10.1155/2013/290670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 08/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel sandwich ELISA for the quantitative and sensitive determination of IL-13 in human serum and plasma was established. The assay employs an incubation step at acidic pH, which was shown to decrease nonspecific binding and interference from IL-13 binding proteins. The assay was validated and was shown to be accurate and precise over the entire quantification range (0.59 to 68.4 pg/mL in human EDTA plasma). The validated assay was successfully applied to samples from healthy volunteers and patients with atopic seasonal rhinitis. The assay is suitable for use in clinical trials to monitor efficacy or pharmacodynamic effects of drug candidates.
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Beiersdorf N, Schien M, Hentschel J, Pfister W, Markert UR, Mainz JG. Soluble inflammation markers in nasal lavage from CF patients and healthy controls. J Cyst Fibros 2012; 12:249-57. [PMID: 22990051 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2012.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/19/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CF sinonasal and bronchial mucosa reveal identical ion channel defects. Nasal Lavage (NL) allows non-invasive repeated sampling of airway surface liquid. We compared inflammatory mediators in NL from CF-patients and healthy controls, and in CF in relation to sinonasal pathogen colonization. METHODS From 40 CF-patients (mean age 21.8yrs, SD 11.8yrs.) and 52 healthy controls (mean age 31.9yrs., SD 13.7yrs.) NL-fluid (10ml/nostril) concentrations of MPO, IL-8, IL-17A, sICAM-1, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-5 were determined using cytometric bead arrays for flow cytometry. RESULTS CF-patients showed significantly higher MPO-concentrations in NL-fluid and higher IL-8-levels (n.s.) than controls. MPO, IL-8, IL-17A, sICAM-1, IL-1β and IL-6 were significantly more often detectable in CF-patients than in controls. CF-patients with S. aureus colonization in both upper and lower airways had significantly elevated MPO and IL-8 levels in NL-fluid compared to S. aureus negatives. CONCLUSION NL-fluid differed substantially between CF-patients and healthy controls with most promising results for IL-8 and MPO, a primarily in CF-NL assessed mediator. Further studies are required to assess effects of sample collection and processing on concentrations of inflammatory markers and to evaluate potentials of NL analysis in research and clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Beiersdorf
- Department of Obstetrics, Placenta Laboratory, Jena University Hospital, D-07740 Jena, Germany
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Walker BL, Leigh R. Use of biologicals as immunotherapy in asthma and related diseases. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2010; 4:743-56. [PMID: 20477124 DOI: 10.1586/1744666x.4.6.743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in our understanding of the immune-mediated inflammatory pathways in asthma and other allergic diseases have resulted in the development of novel biological compounds for the treatment of these conditions. These compounds offer an advantage over glucocorticosteroid therapy by specifically targeting components of the immunologic cascade, thereby allowing patients to reduce or discontinue their glucocorticosteroid treatment. Another potential advantage of biological compounds is that they may provide additional anti-inflammatory benefits, over and above those provided by glucocorticosteroid therapy, for patients who continue to have evidence of refractory asthma. The anti-IgE monoclonal antibody omalizumab is already being used for the treatment of allergic asthma and a number of other biological therapies are currently in various stages of clinical development. The purpose of this review is to summarize the data from these studies and to provide a rationale for the use of these compounds in asthma and related allergic airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie L Walker
- Airway Inflammation Research Group, Department of Medicine, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Goto K, Chiba Y, Matsusue K, Hattori Y, Maitani Y, Sakai H, Kimura S, Misawa M. The proximal STAT6 and NF-kappaB sites are responsible for IL-13- and TNF-alpha-induced RhoA transcriptions in human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Pharmacol Res 2010; 61:466-72. [PMID: 20006706 PMCID: PMC3486725 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
RhoA protein is involved in the Ca(2+) sensitization of bronchial smooth muscle (BSM) contraction, and an upregulation of RhoA in BSMs has been suggested in allergic bronchial asthma. However, the mechanism of upregulation of RhoA remains poorly understood. In the present study, the transcriptional regulation of human RhoA gene was investigated in cultured human BSM cells stimulated with IL-13 and TNF-alpha, both of which have an ability to upregulate RhoA protein. Luciferase-based assay showed that the RhoA promoter activity was augmented by both IL-13 and TNF-alpha. The deletion studies revealed a significant level of promoter activity between the 112 bp upstream and the transcription start site, which contains the STAT6 (78-70 bp upstream) and NF-kappaB (84-74 bp upstream) binding regions. The promoter activity was also decreased significantly by the mutations of these regions. Thus, the current study for the first time characterized the transcriptional regulation of the human RhoA gene. The findings also suggest that STAT6 and NF-kappaB are important for the upregulation of RhoA in human BSM induced by IL-13 and TNF-alpha, both of which are major cytokines in the pathogenesis of allergic bronchial asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Goto
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Chiba
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Kimihiko Matsusue
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yoshiyuki Hattori
- Department of Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-850, Japan
| | - Yoshie Maitani
- Department of Institute of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-850, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Sakai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
| | - Shioko Kimura
- Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Miwa Misawa
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan
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St Ledger K, Agee SJ, Kasaian MT, Forlow SB, Durn BL, Minyard J, Lu QA, Todd J, Vesterqvist O, Burczynski ME. Analytical validation of a highly sensitive microparticle-based immunoassay for the quantitation of IL-13 in human serum using the Erenna immunoassay system. J Immunol Methods 2009; 350:161-70. [PMID: 19732777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2009.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2009] [Revised: 08/21/2009] [Accepted: 08/24/2009] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-13 is a Th2 cytokine that has been shown to be an important mediator of airway inflammation contributing to asthma lesions. Given its proposed role in asthma, measurements of this cytokine in serum may provide insights into disease mechanisms, progression and pharmacodynamic effects of IL-13 targeted therapeutics. However, current commercially available ELISA immunoassays are frequently unable to detect baseline concentrations of IL-13 in serum from healthy individuals, which are below the limit of detection. Here we describe the use of the novel microparticle-based Erenna IL-13 human immunoassay (Singulex, Inc.), which utilizes proprietary antibodies and single molecule counting technology, to quantify IL-13 from 100 microL of serum from apparently healthy subjects and clinically defined symptomatic and asymptomatic asthma subjects. The lower limit of quantification of the Erenna assay was validated at 0.07 pg/mL and the assay detected baseline concentrations of IL-13 in 98% of serum samples tested. The calibration curve showed good precision over the entire linear range of 0.07-50 pg/mL, with inter-assay imprecision <10% CV except at the lowest concentration tested (<15%). The intra- and inter-assay imprecision of spiked serum samples containing three different IL-13 concentrations (2, 8, and 25 pg/mL) ranged from 2.2-2.4% and 6.1-6.8%, respectively. Using the Erenna IL-13 assay, we observe that serum IL-13 concentrations range from <0.07-1.02 pg/mL in apparently healthy subjects (N=60) with similar ranges in asymptomatic (0.07-0.66 pg/mL, N=26) and symptomatic (<0.07-1.26 pg/mL, N=96) asthma subjects. The Erenna immunoassay improved sensitivity by over two full logs compared to previous ELISA methods, while using smaller sample volumes. In addition, the Erenna assay reliably measured IL-13 in endogenous and spiked human serum samples that were not quantifiable using other methods. Taken together, these results show that this novel assay offers a significant improvement over previous methods for high-sensitive quantitative measurement of IL-13 in human serum samples obtained from both apparently healthy and asthmatic subjects, and can be used in future clinical studies to accurately measure concentrations of this cytokine prior to and following drug therapy in human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie St Ledger
- Biomarker Laboratory, Clinical Translational Medicine, Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA
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IL-13 induces translocation of NF-kappaB in cultured human bronchial smooth muscle cells. Cytokine 2009; 46:96-9. [PMID: 19231232 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2008.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 12/01/2008] [Accepted: 12/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Interleukin-13 (IL-13), a major Th2 cytokine, plays an important role in bronchial asthma, including mucus production, inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness. Although IL-13 through its binding to IL-4 receptor alpha (IL-4Ralpha/IL-13Ralpha1 uses the canonical signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6)-signaling pathway to mediate these tissue responses, recent studies have demonstrated that other signaling pathways may also be involved in. In the present study, whether IL-13 induces an activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, inflammatory transcription factor, was investigated in human bronchial smooth muscle cells (hBSMCs). METHODS Nuclear proteins were extracted from cultured hBSMCs treated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (10 ng/mL) or IL-13 (100 ng/mL), and assayed for activated NF-kappaB and STAT6 by Western blotting. RESULT Treatments with TNF-alpha and IL-13 induced a translocation of NF-kappaB to nuclei in hBSMCs. In addition, coincubation with BMS-345541 (0.3 microM), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB (IkappaB) kinase (IKK) inhibitor, markedly inhibited the translocation of NF-kappaB. CONCLUSION Our results suggest for the first time that IL-13 activates NF-kappaB in hBSMCs.
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Bernstein IL, Li JT, Bernstein DI, Hamilton R, Spector SL, Tan R, Sicherer S, Golden DBK, Khan DA, Nicklas RA, Portnoy JM, Blessing-Moore J, Cox L, Lang DM, Oppenheimer J, Randolph CC, Schuller DE, Tilles SA, Wallace DV, Levetin E, Weber R. Allergy diagnostic testing: an updated practice parameter. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2008; 100:S1-148. [PMID: 18431959 DOI: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)60305-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 291] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Kasaian MT, Miller DK. IL-13 as a therapeutic target for respiratory disease. Biochem Pharmacol 2008; 76:147-55. [PMID: 18502398 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2008.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2008] [Revised: 04/07/2008] [Accepted: 04/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-13 (IL-13) is a critical mediator of asthma pathology. On B cells, monocytes, epithelial cells, and smooth muscle cells, IL-13 acts through the IL-13Ralpha1/IL-4Ralpha complex to directly induce activation responses that contribute to atopic disease. In human populations, genetic polymorphisms in IL-13, its receptor components, or the essential signaling element STAT6, have all been associated with increased risk of atopy and asthma. Animal studies using IL-13 deficient mice, IL-13 transgenic animals, and IL-13 neutralization strategies have confirmed an essential role for this cytokine in driving major correlates of asthma pathology, including airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung eosinophilia, mucus generation, and fibrosis. Ongoing studies continue to define both overlapping and distinct roles for IL-13 and the related cytokine, IL-4, in promoting asthmatic changes. Furthermore, new evidence concerning the role of the "decoy" receptor, IL-13Ralpha2, has prompted re-evaluation of the receptor forms that underlie the numerous activities of IL-13. In this review, we summarize the essential role of IL-13 in asthma, compare the relative contributions of IL-13 and IL-4 to key aspects of the asthmatic phenotype, and outline novel therapeutic strategies to target this critical cytokine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion T Kasaian
- Department of Discovery Inflammation, Wyeth Research, 200 CambridgePark Drive, Cambridge, MA 02140, USA.
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