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Roy F, Et Taouil A, Lallemand F, Heintz O, Moutarlier V, Hihn JY. Alkanethiol self-assembling on gold: Influence of high frequency ultrasound on adsorption kinetics and electrochemical blocking. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2018; 40:9-16. [PMID: 28254342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembling of undecanthiol (C11SH) on polycrystalline gold was investigated under two different conditions. The kinetics of C11SH grafting was studied without and under high frequency ultrasound irradiation. Two electrochemical experiments were extensively carried out in order to determine electrochemical surface blocking of adsorbed layers as a function of grafting time: chronoamperometry in-situ monitoring and cyclic voltammetry. Interestingly, the grafting process is highly accelerated under sonication, and C11SH modified substrates of good quality are obtained after 3h' immersion under ultrasound irradiation. This would allow elaboration of high-quality alkanethiol modified samples within much shorter times. Water contact angle measurements and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of adsorbed undecanthiol on the gold surface. A very close link between electrochemical blocking, surface hydrophobicity and species chemical grafting was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Roy
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Abdeslam Et Taouil
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Lallemand
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Heintz
- ICB Laboratory, UMR 6303 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 9, Av. Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Virginie Moutarlier
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Yves Hihn
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Univ Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France.
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2
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Reuter F, Cairós C, Mettin R. Vortex dynamics of collapsing bubbles: Impact on the boundary layer measured by chronoamperometry. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 33:170-181. [PMID: 27245968 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cavitation bubbles collapsing in the vicinity to a solid substrate induce intense micro-convection at the solid. Here we study the transient near-wall flows generated by single collapsing bubbles by chronoamperometric measurements synchronously coupled with high-speed imaging. The individual bubbles are created at confined positions by a focused laser pulse. They reach a maximum expansion radius of approximately 425μm. Several stand-off distances to the flat solid boundary are investigated and all distances are chosen sufficiently large that no gas phase of the expanding and collapsing bubble touches the solid directly. With a microelectrode embedded into the substrate, the time-resolved perturbations in the liquid shear layer are probed by means of a chronoamperometric technique. The measurements of electric current are synchronized with high-speed imaging of the bubble dynamics. The perturbations of the near-wall layer are found to result mainly from ring vortices created by the jetting bubble. Other bubble induced flows, such as the jet and flows following the radial bubble oscillations are perceptible with this technique, but show a minor influence at the stand-off distances investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Reuter
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cavitation and Micro-Erosion, Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Carlos Cairós
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cavitation and Micro-Erosion, Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert Mettin
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cavitation and Micro-Erosion, Drittes Physikalisches Institut, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund-Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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3
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Zhou XS, Mao BW, Amatore C, Compton RG, Marignier JL, Mostafavi M, Nierengarten JF, Maisonhaute E. Transient electrochemistry: beyond simply temporal resolution. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:251-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc07953e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transient electrochemistry is a powerful method to solve many physicochemical issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- X.-S. Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials
- Institute of Physical Chemistry
- Zhejiang Normal University
- Jinhua
- China
| | - B.-W. Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen 361005
- China
| | - C. Amatore
- CNRS UMR 8640 PASTEUR
- Ecole Normale Supérieure-PSL Research University
- Département de Chimie
- Sorbonne Universités - UPMC University Paris 06
- 75005 Paris
| | - R. G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QZ
- UK
| | - J.-L. Marignier
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS UMR 8000
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - M. Mostafavi
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique
- CNRS UMR 8000
- Université Paris-Sud
- 91405 Orsay Cedex
- France
| | - J.-F. Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires
- Université de Strasbourg et CNRS
- Ecole Européenne de Chimie
- Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM)
- 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2
| | - E. Maisonhaute
- Sorbonne Universités
- UPMC Univ Paris 06
- UMR 8235
- Laboratoire Interfaces et Systémes Electrochimiques
- F-75005 Paris
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4
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Roy F, Et Taouil A, Lallemand F, Melot JM, Roizard X, Heintz O, Moutarlier V, Hihn JY. Influence of modification time and high frequency ultrasound irradiation on self-assembling of alkylphosphonic acids on stainless steel: Electrochemical and spectroscopic studies. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2016; 28:269-275. [PMID: 26384908 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Revised: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembly of alkylphosphonic acids on stainless steel was investigated under different conditions. Four different alkylphosphonic acids exhibiting alkyl chain of various size were synthesized and studied: butylphosphonic acid (C4P), octylphosphonic acid (C8P), decylphosphonic acid (C10P), and hexadecylphosphonic acid (C16P). Electrochemistry experiments were extensively carried out in order to determine electrochemical surface blocking of adsorbed layers in function of grafting time. In term of surface blocking, an 8h modification time was optimal for all alkylphosphonic acids. Longer immersion times lead to degradation of adsorbed layers. For the first time, grafting of C16P was studied under high frequency ultrasound irradiation. Interestingly, grafting process is highly accelerated under sonication and well-covering C16P modified substrates are obtained after 1h of immersion under ultrasound irradiation. This would allow to elaborate high-quality alkylphosphonic acids modified samples within much shorter times. Water contact angles measurements and X-ray Photoelectrons Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed presence of adsorbed alkylphosphonic acids on stainless steel surface. A very tight link between electrochemical blocking, surface hydrophobicity and species chemical grafting was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Roy
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Abdeslam Et Taouil
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Fabrice Lallemand
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Marie Melot
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Xavier Roizard
- Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 26, Chemin de l'Epitaphe, 25030 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Olivier Heintz
- ICB Laboratory, UMR 6303 CNRS, Université de Bourgogne, 9, Av. Alain Savary, 21078 Dijon Cedex, France
| | - Virginie Moutarlier
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Yves Hihn
- Institut UTINAM, UMR 6213 CNRS, Université de Franche-Comté, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire, 25009 Besançon Cedex, France.
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Keswani M, Raghavan S, Deymier P. Electrochemical investigations of stable cavitation from bubbles generated during reduction of water. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:1893-1899. [PMID: 24798227 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2012] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Megasonic cleaning is traditionally used for removal of particles from wafer surfaces in semiconductor industry. With the advancement of technology node, the major challenge associated with megasonic cleaning is to be able to achieve high cleaning efficiency without causing damage to fragile features. In this paper, a method based on electrochemistry has been developed that allows controlled formation and growth of a hydrogen bubbles close to a solid surface immersed in an aqueous solution irradiated with ∼1 MHz sound field. It has been shown that significant microstreaming from resonating size bubble can be induced by proper choice of transducer duty cycle. This method has the potential to significantly improve the performance of megasonic cleaning technology through generation of local microstreaming, interfacial and pressure gradient forces in close vicinity of conductive surfaces on wafers without affecting the transient cavitation responsible for feature damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Keswani
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
| | - S Raghavan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - P Deymier
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Arizona, 1235 E James E Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
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6
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Imaging the stomatal physiology of somatic embryo-derived peanut leaves by scanning electrochemical microscopy. Anal Bioanal Chem 2008; 391:2227-33. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-008-2132-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2008] [Revised: 04/08/2008] [Accepted: 04/11/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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7
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Fietkau N, Chevallier FG, Jiang L, Jones TGJ, Compton RG. Voltammetric Sizing of a Sphere. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:2162-7. [PMID: 16986197 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The size of a glass sphere positioned in the center of a microdisk electrode is determined by using a simple electrochemical procedure and is confirmed, additionally, by a microscopical measurement of the sphere at the time of the electrochemical measurement. The cyclic voltammetric response of the naked electrode and of the electrode with the sphere positioned in its center is recorded over a wide range of scan rates (0.002-1.5 V s(-1)). The size of the sphere is then determined by comparison of the experimental voltammogram with simulations for each individual scan rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Fietkau
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory Oxford University, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
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8
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Touyeras F, Hihn JY, Delalande S, Viennet R, Doche ML. Ultrasound influence on the activation step before electroless coating. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2003; 10:363-368. [PMID: 12927613 DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4177(03)00098-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper is devoted to the electroless plating of non-conductive substrates under ultrasound at 530 kHz. The ultrasonic irradiation is applied to the activation and to the plating steps. Effects are measured by following the final copper thickness obtained in 1 h of plating time, easily correlated to the average plating rate. It appears that ultrasound has a strong influence on the plating rates enhancement, and assumptions can be made that this increase could be linked to the catalyst cleaning. This is confirmed by XPS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Touyeras
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux et des Interfaces, IUT, Département Chimie, BP 1559, 30 Avenue de l'Observatoire F-25009, Besançon Cedex, France.
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Walton DJ, Iniesta J, Plattes M, Mason TJ, Lorimer JP, Ryley S, Phull SS, Chyla A, Heptinstall J, Thiemann T, Fuji H, Mataka S, Tanaka Y. Sonoelectrochemical effects in electro-organic systems. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2003; 10:209-216. [PMID: 12818384 DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4177(02)00153-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes recent studies in organic sonoelectrochemistry at Coventry University, including the oxidation of thiophene monoxides, degradation of dye pollutants, formation of conducting polymers and electrosynthetic modification of proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Walton
- School of Science and the Environment, Coventry University, Priory Street, Coventry CV1 5FB, UK.
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