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Eum H, Kazlauskas RJ, Ha HJ. Molecular Basis for the Enantio- and Diastereoselectivity ofBurkholderia cepaciaLipase toward γ-Butyrolactone Primary Alcohols. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201400510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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2
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Meng X, Guo L, Xu G, Wu JP, Yang LR. A new mechanism of enantioselectivity toward chiral primary alcohol by lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2014.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Cloning, screening and characterization of enantioselective ester hydrolases from Escherichia coli K-12. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-010-0437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Bellucci L, Laino T, Tafi A, Botta M. Metadynamics Simulations of Enantioselective Acylation Give Insights into the Catalytic Mechanism of Burkholderia cepacia Lipase. J Chem Theory Comput 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ct900636w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Bellucci
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy, Physikalisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland, and IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Teodoro Laino
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy, Physikalisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland, and IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Andrea Tafi
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy, Physikalisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland, and IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
| | - Maurizio Botta
- Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tecnologico, Università degli Studi di Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, I-53100 Siena, Italy, Physikalisch Chemisches Institut, Universität Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich Switzerland, and IBM Zurich Research Laboratory, Säumerstrasse 4, CH-8803 Rüschlikon Switzerland
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5
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Xu T, Zhang L, Su E, Cui D, Wang X, Wei D. Disparity in productive binding mode of the slow-reacting enantiomer determines the novel catalytic behavior of Candida antarctica lipase B. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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GarcÃa-Urdiales E, Busto E, RÃos-LombardÃa N, Gotor-Fernández V, Gotor V. Computational Study of the Lipase-Mediated Desymmetrisation of 2-Substituted-Propane-1,3-Diamines. Chembiochem 2009; 10:2875-83. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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7
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Reetz MT, Bocola M, Wang LW, Sanchis J, Cronin A, Arand M, Zou J, Archelas A, Bottalla AL, Naworyta A, Mowbray SL. Directed evolution of an enantioselective epoxide hydrolase: uncovering the source of enantioselectivity at each evolutionary stage. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:7334-43. [PMID: 19469578 DOI: 10.1021/ja809673d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Directed evolution of enzymes as enantioselective catalysts in organic chemistry is an alternative to traditional asymmetric catalysis using chiral transition-metal complexes or organocatalysts, the different approaches often being complementary. Moreover, directed evolution studies allow us to learn more about how enzymes perform mechanistically. The present study concerns a previously evolved highly enantioselective mutant of the epoxide hydrolase from Aspergillus niger in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of racemic glycidyl phenyl ether. Kinetic data, molecular dynamics calculations, molecular modeling, inhibition experiments, and X-ray structural work for the wild-type (WT) enzyme and the best mutant reveal the basis of the large increase in enantioselectivity (E = 4.6 versus E = 115). The overall structures of the WT and the mutant are essentially identical, but dramatic differences are observed in the active site as revealed by the X-ray structures. All of the experimental and computational results support a model in which productive positioning of the preferred (S)-glycidyl phenyl ether, but not the (R)-enantiomer, forms the basis of enhanced enantioselectivity. Predictions regarding substrate scope and enantioselectivity of the best mutant are shown to be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred T Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, D-45470 Mulheim/Ruhr, Germany.
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8
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García-Urdiales E, Ríos-Lombardía N, Mangas-Sánchez J, Gotor-Fernández V, Gotor V. Influence of the Nucleophile on the Candida antarctica Lipase B-Catalysed Resolution of a Chiral Acyl Donor. Chembiochem 2009; 10:1830-8. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200900204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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9
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Luić M, Stefanić Z, Ceilinger I, Hodoscek M, Janezic D, Lenac T, Asler IL, Sepac D, Tomić S. Combined X-ray diffraction and QM/MM study of the Burkholderia cepacia lipase-catalyzed secondary alcohol esterification. J Phys Chem B 2008; 112:4876-83. [PMID: 18386861 DOI: 10.1021/jp077717u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To understand the origin of high enantioselectivity of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) toward secondary alcohol, (R,S)-1-phenoxy-2-hydroxybutane (1), and its ester (E1), we determined the crystal structure of BCL complexed with phosphonate analogue of S-E1 and accomplished a series of MM, MC, and QM/MM studies. We have found that the inhibitor in the S configuration binds into the BCL active site in the same manner as the R isomer, with an important difference: while in case of the R-inhibitor the H-bond between its alcohol oxygen and catalytic His286 can be formed, in the case of the S-inhibitor this is not possible. Molecular modeling for both E1 enantiomers revealed orientations in which all hydrogen bonds characteristic of productive binding are formed. To check the possibility of chemical transformation, four different orientations of the substrate (two for each enantiomer) were chosen, and a series of ab initio QM/MM calculations were accomplished. Starting from the covalent complex, we modeled the ester (E1) hydrolysis and the alcohol (1) esterification. The calculations revealed that ester release is possible starting with all four covalent complexes. Alcohol release from the BCL-E1 complex in which the S-substrate is bound in the same manner as the S-inhibitor in the crystal structure however is not possible. These results show that the crystallographically determined binding modes should be taken with caution when modeling chemical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Luić
- Rudjer Bosković Institute, Bijenicka 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia, Belupo dd, Danica 5, HR-48000 Koprivnica, Croatia.
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10
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Kazlauskas RJ, Bornscheuer UT. Biotransformations with Lipases. BIOTECHNOLOGY 2008:36-191. [PMID: 0 DOI: 10.1002/9783527620906.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
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11
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Fuentes G, Ballesteros A, Verma CS. Enthalpie and Entropie Contributions in the Transesterification of Sucrose: Computational Study of Lipases and Subtilisin. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2007; 25:145-55. [PMID: 17718593 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2007.10507163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Transesterification of sucrose with fatty acids catalyzed by subtilisin Carlsberg occurs with regioselectivity that is different from that in lipases. Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase (TlL) and Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) catalyze synthesis at positions 6 and 6', with differing abilities, while subtilisin catalysis leads to the 1'-acylated sucrose. The catalytic machinery in lipases is approximately mirrored in subtilisins but different pocket morphologies including size, shape, and rearrangement of the catalytic elements underlies the differing regioselectivities. The thermodynamic consequences of these differences on the above reactions have been explored systematically using computational methods, determining the free energies of interaction of the putative transition-state adducts. Analysis of the conformers with the lowest transition state energies (protein-ligand interactions and vibrational entropy contributions) indicates that enthalpic factors control specificities in lipases while entropic factors are more important in subtilisin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Fuentes
- Departamento de Biocatálisis, Instituto de Catálisis, CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Enzymatic resolution of ethyl 3-hydroxy-2(1′substituted-methylidene)-butyrate by Pseudomonas cepacia lipase catalyzed acetylation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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13
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Reetz MT, Carballeira JD, Peyralans J, Höbenreich H, Maichele A, Vogel A. Expanding the substrate scope of enzymes: combining mutations obtained by CASTing. Chemistry 2007; 12:6031-8. [PMID: 16789057 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In a previous paper, the combinatorial active-site saturation test (CAST) was introduced as an effective strategy for the directed evolution of enzymes toward broader substrate acceptance. CASTing comprises the systematic design and screening of focused libraries around the complete binding pocket, but it is only the first step of an evolutionary process because only the initial libraries of mutants are considered. In the present study, a simple method is presented for further optimization of initial hits by combining the mutational changes obtained from two different libraries. Combined lipase mutants were screened for hydrolytic activity against six notoriously difficult substrates (bulky carboxylic acid esters) and improved mutants showing significantly higher activity were identified. The enantioselectivity of the mutants in the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of two substrates was also studied, with the best mutant-substrate combination resulting in a selectivity factor of E=49. Finally, the catalytic profile of the evolved mutants in the hydrolysis of simple nonbranched carboxylic acid esters, ranging from acetate to palmitate, was studied for theoretical reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manfred T Reetz
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim/Ruhr, Germany.
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14
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Tomić S, Ramek M. Quantum mechanical study of Burkholderia cepacia lipase enantioselectivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2005.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Méndez JJ, Oromi M, Cervero M, Balcells M, Torres M, Canela R. Combining regio- and enantioselectivity of lipases for the preparation of (R)-4-chloro-2-butanol. Chirality 2006; 19:44-50. [PMID: 17089342 DOI: 10.1002/chir.20339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of 98% ee (R)-4-chloro-2-butanol was carried out by the enzymatic hydrolysis of chlorohydrin esters, using fungal resting cells and commercial enzymes. Hydrolyzes were carried out using lipases from Candida antarctica (Novozym 435), C. rugosa, Rhizomucor miehei (Lipozyme IM), Burkolia cepacia, and resting cells of Rhizopus oryzae and Aspergillus flavus. The influence of the enzyme, the solvent, the temperature, and the alkyl chain length on the selectivity of hydrolyzes of isomeric mixtures of chlorohydrin esters is described. Regioselectivity was higher than 95% for some of the tested lipases. Novozym 435 allowed preparation of the (R)-4-chloro-2-butanol after 15 min of reaction at 30-40 degrees C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonh J Méndez
- Chemistry Department, Lleida University, Lleida, Spain
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16
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Maggio AM, Barone G, Bruno M, Duca D, Rosselli S. Conformational analysis and DFT calculations of 8α-hydroxy-germacradiene-6,12-olide derivatives. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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17
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Lavandera I, Fernández S, Magdalena J, Ferrero M, Kazlauskas RJ, Gotor V. An Inverse Substrate Orientation for the Regioselective Acylation of 3′,5′-Diaminonucleosides Catalyzed by Candida antarctica lipase B? Chembiochem 2005; 6:1381-90. [PMID: 15977272 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200400422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Candida antarctica lipase B (CAL-B) catalyzes the regioselective acylation of natural thymidine with oxime esters and also the regioselective acylation of an analogue, 3',5'-diamino-3',5'-dideoxythymidine with nonactivated esters. In both cases, acylation favors the less hindered 5'-position over the 3'-position by upto 80-fold. Computer modeling of phosphonate transition-state analogues for the acylation of thymidine suggests that CAL-B favors acylation of the 5'-position because this orientation allows the thymine ring to bind in a hydrophobic pocket and forms stronger key hydrogen bonds than acylation of the 3'-position. On the other hand, computer modeling of phosphonamidate analogues of the transition states for acylation of either the 3'- or 5'-amino groups in 3',5'-diamino-3',5'-dideoxythymidine shows similar orientations and hydrogen bonds and, thus, does not explain the high regioselectivity. However, computer modeling of inverse structures, in which the acyl chain binds in the nucleophile pocket and vice versa, does rationalize the observed regioselectivity. The inverse structures fit the 5'-, but not the 3'-intermediate thymine ring, into the hydrophobic pocket, and form a weak new hydrogen bond between the O-2 carbonyl atom of the thymine and the nucleophile amine only for the 5'-intermediate. A water molecule might transfer a proton from the ammonium group to the active-site histidine. As a test of this inverse orientation, we compared the acylation of thymidine and 3',5'-diamino-3',5'-dideoxythymidine with butyryl acyl donors and with isosteric methoxyacetyl acyl donors. Both acyl donors reacted at equal rates with thymidine, but the methoxyacetyl acyl donor reacted four times faster than the butyryl acyl donor with 3',5'-diamino-3',5'-dideoxythymidine. This faster rate is consistent with an inverse orientation for 3',5'-diamino-3',5'-dideoxythymidine, in which the ether oxygen atom of the methoxyacetyl group can form a similar hydrogen bond to the nucleophilic amine. This combination of modeling and experiments suggests that such lipase-catalyzed reactions of apparently close substrate analogues like alcohols and amines might follow different pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iván Lavandera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
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18
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Mezzetti A, Schrag JD, Cheong CS, Kazlauskas RJ. Mirror-Image Packing in Enantiomer Discrimination. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 12:427-37. [PMID: 15850979 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2005.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2004] [Revised: 12/30/2004] [Accepted: 01/28/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic chemists often exploit the high enantioselectivity of lipases to prepare pure enantiomers of primary alcohols, but the molecular basis for this enantioselectivity is unknown. The crystal structures of two phosphonate transition-state analogs bound to Burkholderia cepacia lipase reveal this molecular basis for a typical primary alcohol: 2-methyl-3-phenyl-1-propanol. The enantiomeric alcohol moieties adopt surprisingly similar orientations, with only subtle differences that make it difficult to predict how to alter enantioselectivity. These structures, along with a survey of previous structures of enzyme bound enantiomers, reveal that binding of enantiomers does not involve an exchange of two substituent positions as most researchers assumed. Instead, the enantiomers adopt mirror-image packing, where three of the four substituents at the stereocenter lie in similar positions. The fourth substituent, hydrogen, points in opposite directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mezzetti
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec H3A 2K6, Canada
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19
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A study of the enantiopreference of lipase PS (Pseudomonas cepacia) towards diastereomeric dihydro-5-alkyl-4-hydroxymethyl-2(3H)-furanones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2005.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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20
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Tomić S, Bertoša B, Kojić-Prodić B, Kolosvary I. Stereoselectivity of Burkholderia cepacia lipase towards secondary alcohols: molecular modelling and 3D QSAR approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2004.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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21
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Bocola M, Otte N, Jaeger KE, Reetz MT, Thiel W. Learning from Directed Evolution: Theoretical Investigations into Cooperative Mutations in Lipase Enantioselectivity. Chembiochem 2004; 5:214-23. [PMID: 14760743 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200300731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular modeling with classical force-fields has been used to study the reactant complex and the tetrahedral intermediate in lipase-catalyzed ester hydrolysis in 20 enzyme/substrate combinations. The R and S enantiomers of alpha-methyldecanoic acid ester served as substrates for the wild-type lipase from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and nine selected mutants. After suitable preparation of initial structures from an available wild-type crystal structure, each system was subjected to 1 ns CHARMM force-field molecular dynamics simulations. The resulting geometric and energetic changes allow interpretation of some experimentally observed effects of mutations, particularly with regard to the "hot spots" at residues 155 and 162. The replacement S155F enhances S enantiopreference through a steric relay involving Leu162. The double mutation S53P + L162G improves S enantioselectivity by creating a new binding pocket for the S enantiomer with an additional stabilizing hydrogen bond to His83. The simulations provide insight into remote and cooperative effects of mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bocola
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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22
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23
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Carr JA, Al-Azemi TF, Long TE, Shim JY, Coates CM, Turos E, Bisht KS. Lipase-catalyzed resolution of 4-aryl-substituted β-lactams: effect of substitution on the 4-aryl ring. Tetrahedron 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2003.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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24
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Hari Krishna S, Karanth NG. LIPASES AND LIPASE-CATALYZED ESTERIFICATION REACTIONS IN NONAQUEOUS MEDIA. CATALYSIS REVIEWS-SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2002. [DOI: 10.1081/cr-120015481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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25
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Tomić S, Kojić-Prodić B. A quantitative model for predicting enzyme enantioselectivity: application to Burkholderia cepacia lipase and 3-(aryloxy)-1,2-propanediol derivatives. J Mol Graph Model 2002; 21:241-52. [PMID: 12463642 DOI: 10.1016/s1093-3263(02)00148-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We describe a new approach for predicting the enantioselectivity of enzymes towards racemic compounds. It is based on comparative binding energy (COMBINE) analysis. The approach is used to rationalise the enantioselectivity of Burkholderia cepacia lipase (BCL) towards thirteen racemic 3-(aryloxy)-1,2-propanediols in the process of acylation. According to our molecular modelling study the two 3-(aryloxy)-1,2-propanediols enantiomers bind in the BCL active site in different orientations. To derive a quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR), the difference in the interaction energy between two enantiomers with each amino acid residue was computed. These residue-based energy differences were then subjected to chemometric analysis and 3D QSAR models were derived. The models were able to unambiguously predict the fast-reacting enantiomer and the approximate magnitude of the enantioselectivity. The study enabled identification of interactions between the substrate and the lipase amino acid residues that play key roles in secondary alcohol enantiodifferentiation. From the results, it was possible to propose modifications of both, substrate and protein, which would directionally modify enantioselectivity of BCL towards secondary aryl-alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanja Tomić
- Ruder Bosković Institute, PO Box 180, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia.
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26
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Gentner C, Schmid RD, Pleiss J. Primary alcohols in a ring structure: quantifying enantioselectivity of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase by an in silico assay. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0927-7765(01)00308-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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27
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Screening and catalytic activity in organic synthesis of novel fungal and yeast lipases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00244-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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28
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Luić M, Tomić S, Lescić I, Ljubović E, Sepac D, Sunjić V, Vitale L, Saenger W, Kojic-Prodić B. Complex of Burkholderia cepacia lipase with transition state analogue of 1-phenoxy-2-acetoxybutane: biocatalytic, structural and modelling study. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 2001; 268:3964-73. [PMID: 11453990 DOI: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02303.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
In a series of four racemic phenoxyalkyl-alkyl carbinols, 1-phenoxy-2-hydroxybutane (1) is enantioselectively acetylated by Burkholderia cepacia (formerly Pseudomonas cepacia) lipase with an E value > or = 200, whereas for the other three racemates E was found to be < or = 4. To explain the high preference of B. cepacia lipase for (R)-(+)-1, a precursor of its transition state analogue with a tetrahedral P-atom, (R(P),S(P))-O-(2R)-(1-phenoxybut-2-yl)methylphosphonic acid chloride was prepared and crystallized in complex with B. cepacia lipase. The X-ray structure of the complex was determined, allowing to compare the conformation of the inhibitor with results of molecular modelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Luić
- Rudjer Boskovic Institute, Zagreb, Croatia] Institut für Chemie-Kristallographie, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany.
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Cardenas F, de Castro MS, Sanchez-Montero JM, Sinisterra JV, Valmaseda M, Elson SW, Alvarez E. Novel microbial lipases: catalytic activity in reactions in organic media. Enzyme Microb Technol 2001; 28:145-154. [PMID: 11166805 DOI: 10.1016/s0141-0229(00)00278-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
2,000 microbial strains were isolated from soil samples and tested to determine their lipolytic activity by employing screening techniques on solid and in liquid media. Culture broths were initially tested with 1,2-O-dilauryl-rac-glycero-3-glutaric acid-resorufinyl ester, a chromogenic substrate specific for lipases. Fourteen lipase-producing microorganisms were selected and their taxonomic identification was carried out. Hydrolysis of tributyrin or olive oil and the esterification of oleic acid with heptanol were selected to preliminary evaluate the catalytic activity of these lipases. All the selected lipases catalysed this esterification reaction with good yields. Resolution of (R,S)-2-(4-isobutylphenyl) propionic acid, (R,S)-1-phenylethanol, (R,S) 1-phenylethylamine and of (R) or (S) glycidol were performed to evaluate the stereoselectivity of these novel enzymes as biocatalysts in reactions in organic media. Lipases from the fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Ovadendron sulphureo-ochraceum gave the best yields and enantioselectivities in the resolution of racemic ibuprofen and 1-phenylethanol. Several lipases displayed a high stereoselectivity in the resolution of chiral amines by an alcoxycarbonylation reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Cardenas
- SmithKline Beecham, Centro de Investigación Básica, Santiago Grisolía, 4, Parque Tecnológico de Madrid, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain
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Borreguero I, Sánchez-Montero J, Sinisterra J, Rumbero A, Hermoso JA, Alcántara A. Regioselective resolution of 1,n-diols catalysed by lipases: a rational explanation of the enzymayic selectivity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(00)00086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Ljubović E, Šunjić V. Comparative study of conformational effects on stereoselective lipase catalysed acetylation of sec hydroxy groups in diastereomeric 14-membered lactones and their acyclic analogs. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)01634-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Schulz T, Pleiss J, Schmid RD. Stereoselectivity of Pseudomonas cepacia lipase toward secondary alcohols: a quantitative model. Protein Sci 2000; 9:1053-62. [PMID: 10892799 PMCID: PMC2144656 DOI: 10.1110/ps.9.6.1053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia represents a widely applied catalyst for highly enantioselective resolution of chiral secondary alcohols. While its stereopreference is determined predominantly by the substrate structure, stereoselectivity depends on atomic details of interactions between substrate and lipase. Thirty secondary alcohols with published E values using P. cepacia lipase in hydrolysis or esterification reactions were selected, and models of their octanoic acid esters were docked to the open conformation of P. cepacia lipase. The two enantiomers of 27 substrates bound preferentially in either of two binding modes: the fast-reacting enantiomer in a productive mode and the slow-reacting enantiomer in a nonproductive mode. Nonproductive mode of fast-reacting enantiomers was prohibited by repulsive interactions. For the slow-reacting enantiomers in the productive binding mode, the substrate pushes the active site histidine away from its proper orientation, and the distance d(H(N epsilon) - O(alc)) between the histidine side chain and the alcohol oxygen increases, d(H(N epsilon) - O(alc)) was correlated to experimentally observed enantioselectivity: in substrates for which P. cepacia lipase has high enantioselectivity (E > 100), d(H(N epsilon) - O(alc)) is >2.2 A for slow-reacting enantiomers, thus preventing efficient catalysis of this enantiomer. In substrates of low enantioselectivity (E < 20), the distance d(H(N epsilon) - O(alc)) is less than 2.0 A, and slow- and fast-reacting enantiomers are catalyzed at similar rates. For substrates of medium enantioselectivity (20 < E < 100), d(H(N epsilon) - O(alc)) is around 2.1 A. This simple model can be applied to predict enantioselectivity of P. cepacia lipase toward a broad range of secondary alcohols.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schulz
- Institute of Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Germany
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De Crescenzo G, Ducret A, Trani M, Lortie R. Enantioselective esterification of racemic ketoprofen in non-aqueous solvent under reduced pressure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1177(99)00083-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kazlauskas RJ. Molecular modeling and biocatalysis: explanations, predictions, limitations, and opportunities. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2000; 4:81-8. [PMID: 10679382 DOI: 10.1016/s1367-5931(99)00056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Rapid advances in structural biology have revealed the three-dimensional structures of many biocatalysts. Molecular modeling is the tool that links these structures with experimental observations. As a qualitative tool, current modeling methods are extremely useful. They can explain, on a molecular level, unusual features of reactions. They can predict how to increase the selectivity either by substrate modification or by site-directed mutagenesis. Quantitative predictions, for example the degree of enantioselectivity, are still not reliable, however. Modeling is limited also by the availability of three-dimensional structures. Most current modeling involves hydrolases, especially proteases and lipases, but structures for other types of enzymes are starting to appear.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Kazlauskas
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, H3A 2K6, Canada.
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Acyclic phenylalkanediols as substrates for the study of enzyme recognition. Regioselective acylation by porcine pancreatic lipase: a structural hypothesis for the enzymatic selectivity. Tetrahedron 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(99)00942-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Pepin P, Lortie R. Influence of water activity on the enantioselective esterification of (R,S)-ibuprofen by Candida antarctica lipase B in solventless media. Biotechnol Bioeng 1999; 63:502-5. [PMID: 10099631 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1097-0290(19990520)63:4<502::aid-bit14>3.0.co;2-o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The lipase-catalyzed enantioselective esterification of ibuprofen has been studied in a media, composed only of substrates. When racemic ibuprofen is used, the alcohol-chain length affects the esterification rates of individual enantiomers, but it does not affect the enantioselectivity. Water activity affects the esterification rates of (R)- and (S)-ibuprofen differently, leading to higher enantioselectivity at lower water activities. Experiments were also conducted at various (R)- to (S)-ibuprofen ratios. It appears that the esterification rate of (R)-ibuprofen is always proportional to its concentration, whereas at low water activity the esterification rate of (S)-ibuprofen shows a saturation at higher concentrations. Other 2-phenyl carboxylic acids were studied, and the increase in apparent enantioselectivity at low-water activity was not observed for the molecules tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pepin
- Microbial and Enzymatic Technology Group, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal (Qc), H4P 2R2, Canada
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de Castro MS, Sinisterra Gago J. Lipase-catalyzed synthesis of chiral amides. A systematic study of the variables that control the synthesis. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)83024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- M Cygler
- Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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