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Omrani V, Fardid R, Alavi M, Haddadi G, Takhshid MA. Protective effects of Panax Ginseng against 131I-induced genotoxicity in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. J Cancer Res Ther 2024; 20:304-310. [PMID: 38554338 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_683_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioiodine (131I) therapy (RAIT) is associated with oxidative stress (OS)-induced DNA damage in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). The goal of this study was to evaluate the possible ameliorating effects of Panax Ginseng (PG) on RAIT-induced genotoxicity in patients with DTC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty DTC patients who had received 131I (100 to 175 mCi) were enrolled in this study. The patients were randomly classified (n = 10) into control, placebo, PG1 groups (receiving 500 mg/day of PG for 2 days before RAIT), and PG2 group (receiving 500 mg/day of PG for 2 days before to 1 day after RAIT). Blood samples were collected before and 2 days after RAIT. Lymphocyte micronuclei (MN) frequency was measured using the MN assay. Serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) were measured using colorimetric assays. Serum albumin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured using commercial kits. RESULTS The mean of baseline MN frequency was the same in the four groups. RAIT increased the MN frequencies to at least three times the baseline values in the control (39 ± 5) and placebo groups (38 ± 6) (P < 0.001). PG caused a significant decrease in the MN frequencies in the treated groups compared to the control and placebo groups (P < 0.001). RAIT and PG administration had no significant effects on the serum IMA, TAC, and markers of liver and kidney toxicity. CONCLUSION PG could be considered a useful remedy for the protection against RAIT-induced chromosomal damage in DCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vida Omrani
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Fardid
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mehrosadat Alavi
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Namazi Hospital, Zand Street, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Golamhassan Haddadi
- Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Takhshid
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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Yang L, Ma J, Lei P, Yi J, Ma Y, Huang Z, Wang T, Ping H, Ruan D, Sun D, Pan H. Advances in Antioxidant Applications for Combating 131I Side Effects in Thyroid Cancer Treatment. TOXICS 2023; 11:529. [PMID: 37368629 DOI: 10.3390/toxics11060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer, and its prevalence has been increasing for decades. Approx. 95% of differentiated thyroid carcinomas are treated using 131iodine (131I), a radionuclide with a half-life of 8 days, to achieve optimal thyroid residual ablation following thyroidectomy. However, while 131I is highly enriched in eliminating thyroid tissue, it can also retain and damage other body parts (salivary glands, liver, etc.) without selectivity, and even trigger salivary gland dysfunction, secondary cancer, and other side effects. A significant amount of data suggests that the primary mechanism for these side effects is the excessive production of reactive oxygen species, causing a severe imbalance of oxidant/antioxidant in the cellular components, resulting in secondary DNA damage and abnormal vascular permeability. Antioxidants are substances that are capable of binding free radicals and reducing or preventing the oxidation of the substrate in a significant way. These compounds can help prevent damage caused by free radicals, which can attack lipids, protein amino acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and double bonds of DNA bases. Based on this, the rational utilization of the free radical scavenging function of antioxidants to maximize a reduction in 131I side effects is a promising medical strategy. This review provides an overview of the side effects of 131I, the mechanisms by which 131I causes oxidative stress-mediated damage, and the potential of natural and synthetic antioxidants in ameliorating the side effects of 131I. Finally, the disadvantages of the clinical application of antioxidants and their improving strategies are prospected. Clinicians and nursing staff can use this information to alleviate 131I side effects in the future, both effectively and reasonably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jia Yi
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yilei Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhongke Huang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Tingjue Wang
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Haiyan Ping
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Danping Ruan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hongying Pan
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Zhang X, Yan Z, Meng Z, Li N, Jia Q, Shen Y, Ji Y. Radionuclide 131I-labeled albumin-indocyanine green nanoparticles for synergistic combined radio-photothermal therapy of anaplastic thyroid cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:889284. [PMID: 35957867 PMCID: PMC9358776 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.889284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) cells cannot retain the radionuclide iodine 131 (131I) for treatment due to the inability to uptake iodine. This study investigated the feasibility of combining radionuclides with photothermal agents in the diagnosis and treatment of ATC. Methods 131I was labeled on human serum albumin (HSA) by the standard chloramine T method. 131I-HSA and indocyanine green (ICG) were non-covalently bound by a simple stirring to obtain 131I-HSA-ICG nanoparticles. Characterizations were performed in vitro. The cytotoxicity and imaging ability were investigated by cell/in vivo experiments. The radio-photothermal therapy efficacy of the nanoparticles was evaluated at the cellular and in vivo levels. Results The synthesized nanoparticles had a suitable size (25–45 nm) and objective biosafety. Under the irradiation of near-IR light, the photothermal conversion efficiency of the nanoparticles could reach 24.25%. In vivo fluorescence imaging and single-photon emission CT (SPECT)/CT imaging in small animals confirmed that I-HSA-ICG/131I-HSA-ICG nanoparticles could stay in tumor tissues for 4–6 days. Compared with other control groups, 131I-HSA-ICG nanoparticles had the most significant ablation effect on tumor cells under the irradiation of an 808-nm laser. Conclusions In summary, 131I-HSA-ICG nanoparticles could successfully perform dual-modality imaging and treatment of ATC, which provides a new direction for the future treatment of iodine-refractory thyroid cancer.
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Vinnikov V, Belyakov O. Clinical Applications of Biological Dosimetry in Patients Exposed to Low Dose Radiation Due to Radiological, Imaging or Nuclear Medicine Procedures. Semin Nucl Med 2021; 52:114-139. [PMID: 34879905 DOI: 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2021.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Radiation dosimetric biomarkers have found applications beyond radiation protection area and now are actively introduced into clinical practice. Cytogenetic assays appeared to be a valuable tool for individualized quantifying radiation effects in patients, with high capability for assessing genotoxicity of various medical exposure modalities and providing meaningful radiation dose estimates for prognoses of radiation-related cancer risk. This review summarized current data on the use of biological dosimetry methods in patients undergoing various medical irradiations to low doses. The highlighted topics include basic aspects of biological dosimetry and its limitations in the range of low radiation doses, and main patterns of in vivo induction of radiation biomarkers in clinical exposure scenarios, occurring in X-ray diagnostics, computed tomography, interventional radiology, low dose radiotherapy, and nuclear medicine (internally administered 131I and other radiopharmaceuticals). Additionally, several specific issues, examined by biodosimetry techniques, are analysed, such as contrast media effect, radiation response in pediatric patients, impact of magnetic resonance imaging, evaluation of radioprotectors, detection of patients' abnormal intrinsic radiosensitivity and dose estimation in persons involved in medical radiation incidents. A prognosis of possible directions for further improvements in this area includes the automation of cytogenetic analysis, introduction of molecular biodosimeters and development of multiparametric biodosimetry platforms. A potential approach to the advanced biodosimetry of internal exposure and/or low dose external irradiation is suggested; this can be a multiparametric platform based on the combination of the γ-H2AX foci, dicentric, and translocation assays, each applied in the optimum postexposure time range, with the amalgamation of the dose estimates. The study revealed the necessity of further research, which might clarify medical radiation safety concerns for patients via using stringent biodosimetry methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Vinnikov
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria; Grigoriev Institute for Medical Radiology and Oncology (GIMRO), Kharkiv, Ukraine.
| | - Oleg Belyakov
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Vienna, Austria
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Micronuclei Formation upon Radioiodine Therapy for Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: The Influence of DNA Repair Genes Variants. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091083. [PMID: 32957448 PMCID: PMC7565468 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioiodine therapy with 131I remains the mainstay of standard treatment for well-differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Prognosis is good but concern exists that 131I-emitted ionizing radiation may induce double-strand breaks in extra-thyroidal tissues, increasing the risk of secondary malignancies. We, therefore, sought to evaluate the induction and 2-year persistence of micronuclei (MN) in lymphocytes from 26 131I-treated DTC patients and the potential impact of nine homologous recombination (HR), non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ), and mismatch repair (MMR) polymorphisms on MN levels. MN frequency was determined by the cytokinesis-blocked micronucleus assay while genotyping was performed through pre-designed TaqMan® Assays or conventional PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). MN levels increased significantly one month after therapy and remained persistently higher than baseline for 2 years. A marked reduction in lymphocyte proliferation capacity was also apparent 2 years after therapy. MLH1 rs1799977 was associated with MN frequency (absolute or net variation) one month after therapy, in two independent groups. Significant associations were also observed for MSH3 rs26279, MSH4 rs5745325, NBN rs1805794, and tumor histotype. Overall, our results suggest that 131I therapy may pose a long-term challenge to cells other than thyrocytes and that the individual genetic profile may influence 131I sensitivity, hence its risk-benefit ratio. Further studies are warranted to confirm the potential utility of these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as radiogenomic biomarkers in the personalization of radioiodine therapy.
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Miszczyk J, Rawojć K, Panek A, Gałaś A, Kowalska A, Szczodry A, Brudecki K. Assessment of the nuclear medicine personnel occupational exposure to radioiodine. Eur J Radiol 2019; 121:108712. [PMID: 31683253 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2019.108712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To physically and cytogenetically screen medical personnel of Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland (DENM) who are occupationally exposed to 131I. MATERIALS AND METHODS The exposure was monitored by whole-body and finger ring dosimeters. The thyroid iodine intake was measured by a whole-body spectrometer equipped with two semiconductor gamma radiation detectors. A cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay and the premature chromosome condensation technique were used to assess the aberration score. Cytogenetic analyses were carried out on a group of 29 workers and were compared to 32 controls (healthy donors), matched for gender and age. RESULTS On average, the exposed group showed a significantly higher frequency of genetic damage and a higher proliferation index compared to the control group. Smoking status, age and duration of exposure influenced the observed effects in both groups. No differences in measured biomarkers were observed after stratification of the exposed group into two subgroups based on the measured 131I activity below and above 6 Bq. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that radiation protection principles based on whole-body and finger ring dosimetry, supported by activity measurements with a whole-body spectrometer, may be insufficient to monitor the absorbed dose estimation of the nuclear medicine staff who are occupationally exposed to 131I. Furthermore, their future health risks are influenced by confounders. Direct assessments comparing physical and biological dose estimations on the larger group are needed to accurately monitor occupational radiation exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Miszczyk
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Kamila Rawojć
- Department of Endocrinology, Nuclear Medicine Unit, The University Hospital, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Department of Experimental Physics of Complex Systems, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksander Gałaś
- Chair of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Aldona Kowalska
- Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland; The Faculty of Health Sciences, The Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
| | - Artur Szczodry
- Department of Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, Holy Cross Cancer Center, Kielce, Poland
| | - Kamil Brudecki
- Department of Nuclear Physical Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Kraków, Poland
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The Radioprotective Effects of Nano-Curcumin Against Genotoxicity Induced by Iodine-131 in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (DTC) by Micronucleus Assay. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.61383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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The Radioprotective Effects of Nano-Curcumin Against Genotoxicity Induced by Iodine-131 in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma (DTC) by Micronucleus Assay. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.14193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Najafi M, Motevaseli E, Shirazi A, Geraily G, Rezaeyan A, Norouzi F, Rezapoor S, Abdollahi H. Mechanisms of inflammatory responses to radiation and normal tissues toxicity: clinical implications. Int J Radiat Biol 2018; 94:335-356. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2018.1440092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Najafi
- Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Department, School of Paramedical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Elahe Motevaseli
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Shirazi
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghazale Geraily
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolhasan Rezaeyan
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Norouzi
- Science and Research Branch, Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Rezapoor
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Abdollahi
- Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Cebulska-Wasilewska A, Krzysiek M, Krajewska G, Stępień A, Krajewski P. Retrospective Biological Dosimetry at Low and High Doses of Radiation and Radioiodine Impact on Individual Susceptibility to Ionizing Radiation. Genome Integr 2017; 8:2. [PMID: 28250909 PMCID: PMC5320787 DOI: 10.4103/2041-9414.198906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iodine-131 (I-131) is often used in thyroid diagnostics and therapy. External and internal exposure to radioiodine can lead to molecular and cellular damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of low and high doses of I-131 on susceptibility to ionizing radiation. Study groups consisted of 30 individuals free of thyroid diseases, 41 patients exposed diagnostically to low doses of I-131, and 37 hyperthyroidism patients exposed therapeutically to high doses. The standardized DNA repair competence assay was used to test the efficacy of the fast DNA repair process in G0 cells. Cytogenetic preparations were made in fresh blood samples before and after challenging cells in vitro with X-ray dose. The frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) and percentage of cells with significantly elevated numbers of SCE were used as cytogenetic biomarkers associated to homologous recombination and compared to reported earlier cytogenetic biomarkers of cancer risk. Strong individual variation in the biomarkers is observed in all investigated groups before and after challenging. Nevertheless, the efficiency of post challenging fast repair is significantly high in the patients exposed to diagnostic I-131 doses than in unexposed control group and linked to decreased cytogenetic damage. However, 5 weeks after administration of therapeutic doses, significant increases of unrepaired post challenging DNA and cytogenetic damages were observed indicating a health risk. Results also suggest that the appearance of cancers in immediate families might influence DNA repair differently in patients exposed to low than to high doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonina Cebulska-Wasilewska
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
- Central Center for Radiation Emergency, 5 Military Hospital and Public Polyclinic, Krakow, Poland
| | - Mateusz Krzysiek
- Department of the Structure of Atomic Nucleus, Institute of Nuclear Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Krajewska
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Stępień
- Central Center for Radiation Emergency, 5 Military Hospital and Public Polyclinic, Krakow, Poland
- NZOZ MCD, VOXEL, PET-TK-MR Center, Krakow, Poland
| | - Paweł Krajewski
- Central Laboratory for Radiological Protection, Laboratory of Dosimetry of the Radioactive Iodine in the Thyroid, Warsaw, Poland
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da Silva MA, Valgôde FGS, Gonzalez JA, Yoriyaz H, Guimarães MICC, Ribela MTCP, Buchpiguel CA, Bartolini P, Okazaki K. Cytogenetic and dosimetric effects of (131)I in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma: comparison between stimulation with rhTSH and thyroid hormone withdrawal treatments. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2016; 55:317-328. [PMID: 27013085 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-016-0646-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A study directed to the cytogenetic and dosimetric aspects of radionuclides of medical interest is very valuable, both for an accurate evaluation of the dose received by the patients, and consequently of the genetic damage, and for the optimization of therapeutic strategies. Cytogenetic and dosimetric effects of (131)I in lymphocytes of thyroidectomized differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients were evaluated through chromosome aberration (CA) technique: Euthyroid patients submitted to recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH) therapy (group A) were compared with hypothyroid patients left without levothyroxine treatment (group B). CA analysis was carried out prior to and 24 h, 1 week, 1 month and 1 year after radioiodine administration (4995-7030 MBq) in both groups. An activity-response curve of (131)I (0.074-0.740 MBq/mL) was elaborated, comparing dicentric chromosomes in vivo and in vitro in order to estimate the absorbed dose through Monte Carlo simulations. In general, radioiodine therapy induced a higher total CA rate in hypothyroid patients as compared to euthyroid patients. The frequencies of dicentrics obtained in DTC patients 24 h after treatment were equivalent to those induced in vitro (0.2903 ± 0.1005 MBq/mL in group A and 0.2391 ± 0.1019 MBq/mL in group B), corresponding to absorbed doses of 0.65 ± 0.23 Gy and 0.53 ± 0.23 Gy, respectively. The effect on lymphocytes of internal radiation induced by (131)I therapy is minimal when based on the frequencies of CA 1 year after the treatment, maintaining a higher quality of life for DTC patients receiving rhTSH-aided therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Márcia Augusta da Silva
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Flávia Gomes Silva Valgôde
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Júlia Armiliato Gonzalez
- Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Ouvídio Pires de Campos, s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hélio Yoriyaz
- Centro de Engenharia Nuclear, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares, IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Maria Inês Calil Cury Guimarães
- Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Ouvídio Pires de Campos, s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Teresa Carvalho Pinto Ribela
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel
- Centro de Medicina Nuclear, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Ouvídio Pires de Campos, s/n, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paolo Bartolini
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil
| | - Kayo Okazaki
- Centro de Biotecnologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN), Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear (CNEN), IPEN-CNEN/SP, Caixa Postal 11049, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, CEP 05508-900, Brazil.
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Seo GH, Cho YY, Chung JH, Kim SW. Increased Risk of Leukemia After Radioactive Iodine Therapy in Patients with Thyroid Cancer: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study in Korea. Thyroid 2015; 25:927-34. [PMID: 26133388 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2014.0557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of radioactive iodine therapy (RAIT) is increasing in thyroid cancer management. The association between RAIT at high doses and leukemia is well known, but studies of this association in a large population are lacking. This study aims to investigate the association between RAIT and leukemia in the context of current practice. METHODS Retrospective analysis of a 542,845 person-year (PY) follow-up of thyroid cancer patients was conducted using the Korean National Health Insurance claims database between January 2008 and December 2013. Patients were categorized according to RAIT dose (no RAI; low dose, ≤30 mCi; moderate dose, 31-100 mCi; high dose, 101-150 mCi; and very high dose, >150 mCi). RESULTS Among 211,360 thyroid cancer patients, 72 (0.03%) patients developed leukemia during follow-up (median 877 days). The cumulative incidence of leukemia per 10(5) person-year (PY) was 9.8 in the no RAI [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.4-14.4]; 6.1 [CI 1.7-15.7] in the low-dose; 8.6 [CI 3.2-18.7] in the moderate-dose; 29.5 [CI 18.3-45.1] in the high-dose; and 20.9 [CI 11.7-34.4] in the very high-dose groups. The hazard ratios were elevated significantly in the high- and very high-dose groups (HR 3.1 and 2.1, respectively, p<0.001) when compared with the no RAI group. CONCLUSIONS RAIT exceeding 100 mCi was strongly associated with the development of leukemia in a nationwide, population-based study, while lower RAIT doses were not. Considering the favorable survival of patients with thyroid cancer and the potential harm of RAIT, physicians need to consider the pros and cons of RAIT when using this treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gi Hyeon Seo
- 1 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service , Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon Young Cho
- 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Chung
- 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Wook Kim
- 2 Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Thyroid Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine , Seoul, Korea
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Monzen S, Mariya Y, Wojcik A, Kawamura C, Nakamura A, Chiba M, Hosoda M, Takai Y. Predictive factors of cytotoxic damage in radioactive iodine treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer patients. Mol Clin Oncol 2015; 3:692-698. [PMID: 26137289 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2015.499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioactive iodine (131I) therapy in patients suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a targeted treatment commonly used for thyroid ablation and locoregional and distant metastatic spread management. Despite a significant proportion of the 131I dose entering the circulation, there is currently no detailed information regarding its effect on the blood cell system. In order to assess the cytotoxic effects of 131I therapy on the circulatory system, blood cell levels, thyroid-related hormones and CD45+ cell cytotoxicity were estimated in blood collected from patients with DTC. The micronuclei (MN) frequency of the peripheral blood CD45+ cell fraction was significantly increased after 30 days of 131I therapy compared to that prior to treatment, although a strong individual variation was observed. A significantly negative correlation between MN frequency and the level of platelets and plateletcrit was observed; however, there was no such correlation with thyroid-related hormones. These resultS suggest that the correlation between MN frequency and the platelet system may serve as a biomarker of exposure and, possibly, of sensitivity in DTC patients undergoing 131I therapy following thyroid and lymph node surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Monzen
- Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Yasushi Mariya
- Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Andrzej Wojcik
- Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chika Kawamura
- Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Ayumi Nakamura
- Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Chiba
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosoda
- Department of Radiological Life Sciences, Division of Medical Life Sciences, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takai
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan
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Resveratrol sensitizes selectively thyroid cancer cell to 131-iodine toxicity. J Toxicol 2014; 2014:839597. [PMID: 25276125 PMCID: PMC4170962 DOI: 10.1155/2014/839597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. In this study, the radiosensitizing effect of resveratrol as a natural product was investigated on cell toxicity induced by (131)I in thyroid cancer cell. Methods. Human thyroid cancer cell and human nonmalignant fibroblast cell (HFFF2) were treated with (131)I and/or resveratrol at different concentrations for 48 h. The cell proliferation was measured by determination of the percent of the survival cells using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Results. Findings of this study show that resveratrol enhanced the cell death induced by (131)I on thyroid cancer cell. Also, resveratrol exhibited a protective effect on normal cells against (131)I toxicity. Conclusion. This result indicates a promising effect of resveratrol on improvement of cellular toxicity during iodine therapy.
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15
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Shafaghati N, Hedayati M, Hosseinimehr SJ. Protective effects of curcumin against genotoxicity induced by 131-iodine in human cultured lymphocyte cells. Pharmacogn Mag 2014; 10:106-10. [PMID: 24914274 PMCID: PMC4048555 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.131020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: 131-radioiodine has been widely used as an effective radionuclide for treatment of patients with thyroid diseases. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the radioprotective effects of curcumin as a natural product that protects against the genotoxic effects of 131I in human cultured lymphocytes. Materials and Methods: Whole blood samples from human volunteers were incubated with curcumin at doses of 5, 10, and 50 μg/mL. After 1-hour incubation, the lymphocytes were incubated with 131I (100 μCi/1.5 ml) for 2 hours. The lymphocyte cultures were then mitogenically stimulated to allow for evaluation of the number of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. Results: Incubation of lymphocytes with 131I at dose 100 μCi/1.5 mL induced genotoxicity shown by increase in micronuclei frequency in human lymphocytes. Curcumin at 5, 10, and 50 μg/mL doses significantly reduced the micronuclei frequency. Maximal protective effects and greatest decrease in micronuclei frequency were observed when whole blood was incubated with 50 μg/mL dose of curcumin with 52%. Conclusion: This study has important implications for patients undergoing 131I therapy. Our results indicate a protective role for curcumin against the genetic damage and side effects induced by 131I administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayereh Shafaghati
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Monireh Hedayati
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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16
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Maffei F, Zolezzi Moraga JM, Angelini S, Zenesini C, Musti M, Festi D, Cantelli-Forti G, Hrelia P. Micronucleus frequency in human peripheral blood lymphocytes as a biomarker for the early detection of colorectal cancer risk. Mutagenesis 2014; 29:221-5. [DOI: 10.1093/mutage/geu007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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17
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Genotoxicity induced by iodine-131 in human cultured lymphocytes. Interdiscip Toxicol 2013; 6:74-6. [PMID: 24179432 PMCID: PMC3798859 DOI: 10.2478/intox-2013-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Revised: 05/06/2013] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
131-radioiodine has been widely used as an effective radionuclide for treatment of patients with thyroid diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate the genotoxic effects of iodine-131 in human cultured lymphocytes. Whole blood samples from human volunteers were incubated with iodine-131 (10, 50, 100 µCi/1.5ml) for 2 h. The lymphocytes were mitogenically stimulated to allow for evaluation of the number of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. At the dose 100 µCi, iodine-131 induced genotoxicity by an 8.5 fold increase in the frequency of micronuclei in human lymphocytes compared with the control group.
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18
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Noaparast Z, Hosseinimehr SJ. Radioprotective agents for the prevention of side effects induced by radioiodine-131 therapy. Future Oncol 2013; 9:1145-59. [DOI: 10.2217/fon.13.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Radioiodine 131 (131I) has been used worldwide for the ablation of remnant thyroidal tissue after surgery or as the first-line treatment for Graves’ disease. Although the use of 131I is becoming increasingly prevalent, there is evidence suggesting that this treatment is associated with side effects such as salivary gland dysfunction and an increased risk of leukemia. This article aims to review the potential use of radioprotective agents and the side effects induced by 131I therapy. Several synthetic and natural compounds have been investigated in preclinical and clinical studies. The protective agents reduced the toxicity of 131I, mainly in the salivary glands, and mitigated the genetic damage through different mechanisms. There are limited clinical studies evaluating the use of radioprotective agents in patients undergoing radioiodine therapy. However, lemon candies, lemon juice and sugarless chewing gum have been proposed to be beneficial for minimizing the side effects of radioiodine within the salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Noaparast
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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19
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Vrndić OB, Milošević-Djordjević OM, Mijatović Teodorović LC, Jeremić MZ, Stošić IM, Grujicić DV, Zivancević Simonović ST. Correlation between micronuclei frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes and retention of 131-I in thyroid cancer patients. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2013; 229:115-24. [PMID: 23337621 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.229.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs) derive from thyroid follicular cells and include papillary and follicular cancers. In patients with DTCs, the initial treatment includes thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (131-I) therapy. The objective of this study was to examine whether the intensity of DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) of DTC patients depends on the amount of 131-I retained in the selected regions of interest (thyroid and abdominal region) as well as in the whole-body 72 hours after therapy. In addition, the possible influence of other factors that may affect micronuclei (MN) frequency, such as age, gender, smoking habits, and histological type of tumour was analyzed. The study population consisted of 22 DTC patients and 20 healthy donors. Data on the distribution of 131-I were obtained from the whole-body scans. MN frequency and cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI) were measured using cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay. 131-I therapy significantly increased the MN frequency (19.50±6.90 vs. 27.10±19.50 MN) and significantly decreased the CBPI (1.52±0.20 vs. 1.38±0.17) in patients' lymphocytes. There was a clear correlation between the increased MN frequency and 131-I accumulation in the thyroid region in patients without metastases. The MN values did not differ in relation to the factors that could affect MN, such as age, gender, smoking habits, and histological type of tumour. In conclusion, the MN frequency in PBLs of DTC patients without metastases depends on the accumulation of 131-I in the thyroid region and does not depend on the other factors examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olgica B Vrndić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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20
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Hedayati M, Shafaghati N, Hosseinimehr SJ. Resveratrol mitigates genotoxicity induced by iodine-131 in primary human lymphocytes. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2013; 52:287-291. [PMID: 23435954 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-013-0461-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the radioprotective effects of resveratrol as a natural product that protects against genotoxic actions of (131)I in cultured human lymphocytes. Whole-blood samples from human volunteers were treated with resveratrol at doses of 0.5, 1, 5, and 50 μg/mL for 1 h, after which the lymphocytes were incubated with (131)I (100 μCi/1.5 mL) for 2 h. The lymphocyte cultures were then mitogenically stimulated to enable evaluation of the number of micronuclei in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells. Incubation of lymphocytes with (131)I induced genotoxicity, which was reflected by an increase in micronuclei frequency. At the doses tested, resveratrol significantly reduced micronuclei frequency. Maximal protective effects occurred at a dose of 1 μg/mL, with total micronuclei values being reduced by 65 % compared to controls. In conclusion, our results indicate protective effects of resveratrol at low doses against genetic damage and adverse effects induced by (131)I administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Hedayati
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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21
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Dardano A, Ballardin M, Caraccio N, Boni G, Traino C, Mariani G, Ferdeghini M, Barale R, Monzani F. The effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on genotoxic damage in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma receiving thyroid remnant ablation with iodine-131. Thyroid 2012; 22:318-24. [PMID: 22181338 DOI: 10.1089/thy.2010.0398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radioiodine ((131)I) therapy is usually performed in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Although (131)I is generally considered safe, genotoxic damage has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) on the time-course of appearance, after (131)I therapy for DTC, of plasma factors with chromosome-damaging properties (so-called "clastogenic" factors [CFs]) and of micronuclei (MN) in lymphocytes. METHODS Twenty-three patients (median age 42 years, range 18-73) with DTC receiving (131)I activity (3.7 GBq) for thyroid remnant ablation were randomly assigned to receive GBE (120 mg/day for one month; n=10) or placebo (n=13) in a double-blind manner. Blood samples were taken at various intervals (from baseline to 90 days) after (131)I therapy. The frequency of MN in blood lymphocytes was determined, and CFs were assayed in plasma by a method that used MN increase in lymphocytes from an healthy donor as the endpoint of the assay. RESULTS MN in blood lymphocytes increased significantly after (131)I treatment in the placebo group, peaking at the 7th day (p=0.002) and slowly declining thereafter. In contrast, in similarly treated patients who were also treated with GBE both before and after (131)I treatment, a significant increase of blood lymphocyte MN level was not observed. In addition, only the placebo group showed a significant, progressive increase in CFs activity. This peaked at the 14th day (p=0.003 vs. baseline) and was still noted for the last plasma sample. The differences in the change in lymphocyte MN and CFs activity between the placebo and GBE-treated groups were significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). Thyroid function tests, including serum thyroglobulin (Tg) and anti-Tg antibody levels, were never significantly different. CONCLUSIONS GBE may protect from possible oxidative and genotoxic damage associated with (131)I treatment in patients requiring (131)I therapy for thyroid cancer, without affecting the clinical outcome. Further studies with larger cohorts of patients are needed to confirm this report and verify the beneficial effect of GBE in patients requiring (131)I therapy, particularly for those in whom repeated treatments and high activities of (131)I are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Dardano
- Geriatrics and Gerontology Section, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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22
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Vinnikov V, Lloyd D, Finnon P. Bystander apoptosis in human cells mediated by irradiated blood plasma. Mutat Res 2012; 731:107-116. [PMID: 22230196 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Following exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation, due to an accident or during radiotherapy, bystander signalling poses a potential hazard to unirradiated cells and tissues. This process can be mediated by factors circulating in blood plasma. Thus, we assessed the ability of plasma taken from in vitro irradiated human blood to produce a direct cytotoxic effect, by inducing apoptosis in primary human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM), which mainly comprised G(0)-stage lymphocytes. Plasma was collected from healthy donors' blood irradiated in vitro to 0-40Gy acute γ-rays. Reporter PBM were separated from unirradiated blood with Histopaque and held in medium with the test plasma for 24h at 37°C. Additionally, plasma from in vitro irradiated and unirradiated blood was tested against PBM collected from blood given 4Gy. Apoptosis in reporter PBM was measured by the Annexin V test using flow cytometry. Plasma collected from unirradiated and irradiated blood did not produce any apoptotic response above the control level in unirradiated reporter PBM. Surprisingly, plasma from irradiated blood caused a dose-dependent reduction of apoptosis in irradiated reporter PBM. The yields of radiation-induced cell death in irradiated reporter PBM (after subtracting the respective values in unirradiated reporter PBM) were 22.2±1.8% in plasma-free cultures, 21.6±1.1% in cultures treated with plasma from unirradiated blood, 20.2±1.4% in cultures with plasma from blood given 2-4Gy and 16.7±3.2% in cultures with plasma from blood given 6-10Gy. These results suggested that irradiated blood plasma did not cause a radiation-induced bystander cell-killing effect. Instead, a reduction of apoptosis in irradiated reporter cells cultured with irradiated blood plasma has implications concerning oncogenic risk from mutated cells surviving after high dose in vivo irradiation (e.g. radiotherapy) and requires further study.
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23
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Lindholm C, Acheva A, Koivistoinen A, Perälä M, Heinävaara S, Jahns J, Salomaa S, Hildebrandt G. Search for clastogenic factors in the plasma of locally irradiated individuals. Radiat Res 2011; 177:298-306. [PMID: 22165823 DOI: 10.1667/rr2721.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
In studies reported in the 1960s and in several investigations since, plasma from irradiated individuals was shown to induce chromosomal aberrations when transferred into normal blood cultures. In the present study, the aim was to investigate the occurrence of these clastogenic factors (CF) using markers representing DNA damage produced in reporter lymphocytes that are treated with plasma from locally exposed individuals. Blood plasma was obtained from clinical patients with benign conditions before and after they had received radiation to small treatment volumes. Three patient groups were studied: (I) marginal resected basal cell carcinoma, (II) painful osteoarthritis of the knee, and (III) painful tendinitis of the elbow or the heel. Patients in each treatment group obtained the same fractionated treatment regimen, ranging from a total dose of 40 Gy (8 × 5 Gy, 2 factions/week) to a very small volume (1-3.5 cm³) in group I to a total dose of 6 Gy (6 × 1 Gy, 2 fractions/week) for groups II and III (treatment volumes 800-1150 cm³ and 80-160 cm³, respectively). The presence of CF in the plasma was investigated through cytogenetic (chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei) assays and kinetics of early DNA damage (γ-H2AX foci) in reporter cells. With the experimental settings applied, local radiation exposure had no apparent effect on the induction of CF in patient plasma; no deviations in chromosomal aberrations or micronucleus or focus induction were observed in reporter cells treated with postexposure plasma with respect to pre-exposure samples when the mean values of the groups were compared. However, there was a large interindividual variation in the plasma-induced DNA-damaging effects. Steroid treatment of patients was demonstrated to be the most influential factor affecting the occurrence of plasma factors; plasma from patients treated with steroids led to significant reductions of γ-H2AX foci and reduced numbers of chromatid aberrations in reporter cells. In addition to the locally exposed patients, newly obtained plasma samples from three radiological accident victims exposed in 1994 were examined. In contrast to the patient data, a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations was induced with plasma from two accident victims.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lindholm
- STUK, Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority, Laippatie 4, 00881 Helsinki, Finland.
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24
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Düsman E, Berti AP, Mariucci RG, Lopes NB, Vicentini VEP. Mutagenicity of diagnostic and therapeutical doses of radiopharmaceutical iodine-131 in Wistar rats. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2011; 50:579-584. [PMID: 21866351 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-011-0380-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2010] [Accepted: 08/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iodine-131 ((131)I) is a radioisotope used for the diagnosis and treatment of thyroidal disorders such as hyperthyroidism and cancer. During its decay, (131)I emits beta particles and gamma rays; its physical half-life is 8 days, and it is accumulated preferentially in the thyroid tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of diagnostic and therapeutic doses of (131)I using bone marrow cells of rats treated in vivo in a test system with a single dose by gavage. Concentrations of 5, 25, 50 and 250 μCi in 1 ml of water were used, and after 24 h, the animals were killed. Also, a concentration of 25 μCi/ml of water was used, and the animals were killed after 5 days. The results showed that no concentration of (131)I was cytotoxic and that all concentrations were mutagenic. As a result, there was no statistically significant difference detected by the χ(2) test in the induction of chromosomal aberrations between the different doses. Thus, the present study demonstrated a significant increase in chromosomal aberration in bone marrow cells exposed to (131)I regardless of the dose or the treatment time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisângela Düsman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, State University of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
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25
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Maffei F, Angeloni C, Malaguti M, Moraga JMZ, Pasqui F, Poli C, Colecchia A, Festi D, Hrelia P, Hrelia S. Plasma antioxidant enzymes and clastogenic factors as possible biomarkers of colorectal cancer risk. Mutat Res 2011; 714:88-92. [PMID: 21777595 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2011.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2010] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative damage plays an important role in the pathogenesis of colorectal (CR) cancer. This study investigated the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in plasma of 82 participants of a screening program for CR cancer prevention (30 females and 52 males; age 50-70 years). All subjects resulted positive to fecal occult blood test and were subsequently classified, according to the colonoscopy and histological findings, in patients with CR cancer, patients with colorectal polyps or controls. Furthermore, the activity of clastogenic factors (CFs) in plasma from study population was measured as the ability of inducing micronuclei (MN) in vitro in peripheral of a healthy donor. CAT and GR activities were significantly lower in CR cancer patients compared to controls (P<0.05) and polyps groups (P<0.05). SOD activity was significantly higher in patients with CR cancer than in polyp (P<0.05) and control (P<0.05) groups. GST activity was not significantly different in plasma of the three groups. An increase of CFs induction was observed in plasma of CR cancer patients (MN: 8.89±3.42) with respect to control (MN: 6.37±0.96 P<0.05). These results can contribute to define plasma biomarkers associated to oxidative stress damage that could predictive of CR cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Maffei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
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26
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García-Quispes WA, Pérez-Machado G, Sandoval B, Pastor S, Velázquez A, Galofré P, Biarnés J, Castell J, Marcos R. Are thyroid cancer patients sensitive to ionising radiation? Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:932-5. [DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2011.577507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lindholm C, Acheva A, Salomaa S. Clastogenic plasma factors: a short overview. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 2010; 49:133-138. [PMID: 20020152 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-009-0259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 11/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A large number of studies have revealed that irradiated subjects produce soluble factors found in their blood plasma which, when transferred into cell cultures from non-irradiated individuals, show clastogenic (chromosome breaking) activity. Increased yields of chromatid-type aberrations have been characteristic in most of these studies. Exposed cohorts of various origins have revealed to possess this feature: from A-bomb survivors to patients treated with radiotherapy. It is apparent that the plasma factors are sustainable for long time periods. On the other hand, they seem to be produced very fast after exposure. Considerable variation in the effect has been found between individuals with similar radiation exposure. Further, the phenomenon is not restricted to irradiated populations. Clastogenic plasma has also been observed in patients with inflammatory diseases or congenital chromosome breakage syndromes as well in subjects exposed to other agents than ionizing radiation. Chromosomal aberration inducing substances have been detected not only in vivo, but also in vitro. A common feature to all the conditions is that they are associated with oxidative stress. Studies on the biochemical nature of the clastogenic factor(s) have been conducted, and tumor necrosis factor alpha and lipid peroxidation products, among others, have been suggested as good candidates. The relevance of the plasma factors to health effects remains open. The aim of the paper is to give a short overview on the phenomenon of clastogenic factors--their occurrence and formation as well as possible effectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carita Lindholm
- Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK), P.O. Box 14, 00881, Helsinki, Finland.
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28
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Vinnikov VA, Maznyk NA, Lloyd D. Delayed chromosomal instability in lymphocytes of cancer patients after radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Biol 2010; 86:271-82. [PMID: 20353337 DOI: 10.3109/09553000903564026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess possible delayed chromosomal instability (DCI) expressed as elevated chromatid breakage in cells containing previously formed chromosome type aberrations in cultured blood lymphocytes of cancer patients after radiotherapy (RT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients treated for uterine cancer with external Co(60) RT, without chemotherapy, were selected. Blood was taken before, 1-2 days after RT and one year later. Lymphocytes were cultured for 50 and 100 h. Metaphases were stained with fluorescence-plus-Giemsa and analysed for chromosome and chromatid aberrations in 1st (M1) and 3rd plus later (M3+) mitoses. RESULTS RT caused a significant increase of radiation-specific chromosome aberrations in patients' lymphocytes together with DCI, which was observed as an excessive yield of cells containing both chromosome and chromatid aberrations (defined as C(acs&act)). This DCI passed successfully through mitoses in vitro, and at the end of RT a mean yield of 'extra' C(acs&act) was 3 x 10(-3) x cell(-1) amongst either M1 or M3+ cells. At the end of RT and one year later DCI in M1 lymphocytes appeared at random amongst patients, but some inter-individual variation was found for DCI presence in M3+ cells at both post-irradiation samplings. As time passed, the mean yield of lymphocytes exhibiting DCI decreased in vivo and one year after RT reached the pre-treatment level of 1 x 10(-3) x cell(-1). CONCLUSIONS DCI was demonstrated in descendants of human lymphocytes after therapeutic irradiation. The effect diminished one year later, suggesting that the progeny of patients' irradiated stem cells did not produce new daughter lymphocytes exhibiting DCI during the studied post-irradiation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr A Vinnikov
- Radiation Cytogenetics Laboratory, Institute for Medical Radiology AMS of Ukraine, Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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Ballardin M, Barsacchi R, Bodei L, Caraccio N, Cristofani R, Di Martino F, Ferdeghini M, Kusmic C, Madeddu G, Monzani F, Rossi AM, Sbrana I, Spanu A, Traino C, Barale R. Oxidative and genotoxic damage after radio‐iodine therapy of Graves' hyperthyroidism. Int J Radiat Biol 2009; 80:209-16. [PMID: 15244374 DOI: 10.1080/0955300042000205555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate genetic damage and oxidative stress following a single therapeutic dose of 131I in Graves' disease patients monitored up to 180 days after treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Genetic damage induction was estimated as the increase in micronuclei in peripheral lymphocytes of patients. As indicators of radiogenic oxidative stress, vitamin E and lipoperoxide levels were assessed in the plasma of patients, as well as the release of plasmic clastogenic factors measured by the induction of micronuclei in vitro in peripheral lymphocytes of a healthy donor. RESULTS Vitamin E depletion lasted at least 3 days and the basal level was restored within 7 days. No statistically significant variations were observed in lipoperoxide plasma levels. A sharp increase of micronuclei in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients was correlated (p < 0.001) with the release of clastogenic factor in the plasma. The highest micronucleus value was negatively correlated (p < 0.03) with the lowest vitamin E level observed in each patient. CONCLUSIONS Micronuclei induction was the direct consequence not only of the energy deposition of 131I on the genetic material, but also of oxidative stress, likely via the release of clastogenic factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Ballardin
- Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Senthamizhchelvan S, Pant G, Rath G, Julka P, Nair O. Biodosimetry using micronucleus assay in acute partial body therapeutic irradiation. Phys Med 2009; 25:82-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2008.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2007] [Revised: 05/02/2008] [Accepted: 05/16/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Joseph LJ, Bhartiya US, Raut YS, Kand P, Hawaldar RW, Nair N. Micronuclei frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of thyroid cancer patients after radioiodine therapy and its relationship with metastasis. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2009; 675:35-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2008] [Revised: 01/23/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Federico G, Boni G, Fabiani B, Fiore L, Lazzeri P, Massart F, Traino C, Verola C, Saggese G, Mariani G, Scarpato R. No evidence of chromosome damage in children and adolescents with differentiated thyroid carcinoma after receiving 131I radiometabolic therapy, as evaluated by micronucleus assay and microarray analysis. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2008; 35:2113-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s00259-008-0867-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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