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Luo Q, Lu P, Chen Y, Shen P, Zheng B, Ji J, Ying C, Liu Z, Xiao Y. ESKAPE in China: epidemiology and characteristics of antibiotic resistance. Emerg Microbes Infect 2024; 13:2317915. [PMID: 38356197 PMCID: PMC10896150 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2024.2317915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The escalation of antibiotic resistance and the diminishing antimicrobial pipeline have emerged as significant threats to public health. The ESKAPE pathogens - Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp. - were initially identified as critical multidrug-resistant bacteria, demanding urgently effective therapies. Despite the introduction of various new antibiotics and antibiotic adjuvants, such as innovative β-lactamase inhibitors, these organisms continue to pose substantial therapeutic challenges. People's Republic of China, as a country facing a severe bacterial resistance situation, has undergone a series of changes and findings in recent years in terms of the prevalence, transmission characteristics and resistance mechanisms of antibiotic resistant bacteria. The increasing levels of population mobility have not only shaped the unique characteristics of antibiotic resistance prevalence and transmission within People's Republic of China but have also indirectly reflected global patterns of antibiotic-resistant dissemination. What's more, as a vast nation, People's Republic of China exhibits significant variations in the levels of antibiotic resistance and the prevalence characteristics of antibiotic resistant bacteria across different provinces and regions. In this review, we examine the current epidemiology and characteristics of this important group of bacterial pathogens, delving into relevant mechanisms of resistance to recently introduced antibiotics that impact their clinical utility in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunbo Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Beiwen Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinru Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chaoqun Ying
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, College of medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Qu S, Zhu K. Endocytosis-mediated redistribution of antibiotics targets intracellular bacteria. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:4781-4794. [PMID: 36779877 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr05421c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The increasing emergence and dissemination of antibiotic resistance pose a severe threat to overwhelming healthcare practices worldwide. The lack of new antibacterial drugs urgently calls for alternative therapeutic strategies to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens, especially those that survive and replicate in host cells, causing relapse and recurrence of infections. Intracellular drug delivery is a direct efficient strategy to combat invasive pathogens by increasing the accumulation of antibiotics. However, the increased accumulation of antibiotics in the infected host cells does not mean high efficacy. The difficulty of treatment lies in the efficient intracellular delivery of antibiotics to the pathogen-containing compartments. Here, we first briefly review the survival mechanisms of intracellular bacteria to facilitate the exploration of potential antibacterial targets for precise delivery. Furthermore, we provide an overview of endocytosis-mediated drug delivery systems, including the biomedical and physicochemical properties modulating the endocytosis and intracellular redistribution of antibiotics. Lastly, we summarize the targets and payloads of recently described intracellular delivery systems and their modes of action against diverse pathogenic bacteria-associated infections. This overview of endocytosis-mediated redistribution of antibiotics sheds light on the development of novel delivery platforms and alternative strategies to combat intracellular bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqi Qu
- Animal-Derived Food Safety Innovation Team, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui 230036, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Innovative drugs and Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Song D, He X, Chi Y, Zhang Z, Shuai J, Wang H, Li Q, Du M. Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Subspecies Isolated from Raised Reptiles in Beijing, China. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13020315. [PMID: 36670855 PMCID: PMC9854948 DOI: 10.3390/ani13020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reptiles are asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella spp. Reptile-associated Salmonella infections have been noticed as a significant contributor to overall human salmonellosis. However, it remains unclear regarding the prevalence of reptile-associated Salmonella in China. METHODS Fecal and gastrointestinal mucosal samples were taken from 104 snakes, 21 lizards, and 52 chelonians and cultured on selective medium. The positive clones were validated and annotated by biochemical screening and multiplex PCR verification. In addition, the antibiotic resistance of identified Salmonella isolates was detected and followed by cytotoxic activity detection on human colon cells via co-culturation. RESULTS The overall prevalence of Salmonella in reptiles was 25.99%, with rates of 30.77%, 47.62%, and 7.69% in snakes, lizards, and chelonians, respectively. Further, all isolates showed variable drug-resistant activity to 18 antibiotics, of which 14 strains (30.43%) were resistant to more than eight kinds of antibiotics. More than half of isolated Salmonella strains were more toxic to host cells than the standard strain, SL1344. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) results showed that all lizard-associated strains belong to 4 serovar types, and 7 of them fall into the highly pathogenic serovars "Carmel" and "Pomona." CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight the potential threat of zoonotic salmonellosis from captive reptiles in the Beijing area of China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingka Song
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xuebai He
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yiming Chi
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Jing Shuai
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Center for Single-Cell Omics, School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Q.L.); (M.D.); Tel.: +86-021-63846590 (H.W.); +86-010-80799141 (Q.L.); +86-010-80799149 (M.D.)
| | - Qiuming Li
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Q.L.); (M.D.); Tel.: +86-021-63846590 (H.W.); +86-010-80799141 (Q.L.); +86-010-80799149 (M.D.)
| | - Mengze Du
- Animal Science and Technology College, Beijing University of Agriculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Animal Education, Beijing 102206, China
- Correspondence: (H.W.); (Q.L.); (M.D.); Tel.: +86-021-63846590 (H.W.); +86-010-80799141 (Q.L.); +86-010-80799149 (M.D.)
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Liang S, Cao H, Ying F, Zhang C. Report of a Fatal Purulent Pericarditis Case Caused by ST11-K64 Carbapenem-Resistant Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae. Infect Drug Resist 2022; 15:4749-4757. [PMID: 36034175 PMCID: PMC9416326 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s379654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The report describes a 44-year-old female patient who died of the rare acute purulent pericarditis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP). The genomic analysis revealed an extensively drug-resistant ST11-K64 KP strain from five isolates (blood cultures, urine, ascites, pericardial effusion, and sputum). Several high virulence (hv) and carbapenem-resistant (CR) genes were identified in the pericardial effuse isolate. The isolates showed low resistance to healthy human serum. This study highlights the potential lethality of CR-hvKP infections in patients suffering from underlying comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus and chronic ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Liang
- Centre for Clinical Laboratories, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.,School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijun Cao
- Centre for Clinical Laboratories, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei Ying
- Centre for Clinical Laboratories, the Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- School of Clinical Laboratory Science, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, People's Republic of China
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In-Human Multiyear Evolution of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Causing Chronic Colonization and Intermittent Urinary Tract Infections: A Case Study. mSphere 2022; 7:e0019022. [PMID: 35531657 PMCID: PMC9241548 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00190-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a frequent pathogen of the urinary tract, but how CRKP adapts in vivo over time is unclear. We examined 10 CRKP strains from a patient who experienced chronic colonization and recurrent urinary tract infections over a period of 4.5 years. We performed whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic assays to compare isolates that had evolved relative to the first isolate collected and to correlate genetic and phenotypic changes over time with the meropenem-containing regimen received. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that all 10 strains originated from the same sequence type 258 (ST258) clone and that three sublineages (SL) evolved over time; strains from two dominant sublineages were selected for detailed analysis. Up to 60 new mutations were acquired progressively in genes related to antibiotic resistance, cell metabolism, and biofilm production over time. Doubling of meropenem MICs, increases in biofilm production and blaKPC expression, and altered carbon metabolism occurred in the latter strains from the last sublineage compared to the initial strain. Subinhibitory meropenem exposure in vitro significantly induced or maintained high levels of biofilm production in colonizing isolates, but isolates causing infection were unaffected. Despite acquiring different mutations that affect carbon metabolism, overall carbon utilization was maintained across different strains. Together, these data showed that isolated urinary CRKP evolved through multiple adaptations affecting carbon metabolism, carbapenem resistance, and biofilm production to support chronic colonization and intermittent urinary tract infections. Our findings highlight the pliability of CRKP in adapting to repeated antibiotic exposure and should be considered when developing novel therapeutic and stewardship strategies. IMPORTANCE Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) can cause a variety of infections such as recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) with the ability to change with the host environment over time. However, it is unclear how CRKP adapts to the urinary tract during chronic infections and colonization. Here, we studied the evolution of CRKP strains from a patient who experienced chronic colonization and recurrent UTIs over a period of 4.5 years despite multiple treatment courses with meropenem-containing regimens. Our findings show the flexibility of CRKP strains in developing changes in carbapenem resistance, biofilm production, and carbon metabolism over time, which could facilitate their persistence in the human body for long periods of time in spite of repeated antibiotic therapy.
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Modelling of the transmission dynamics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in hospitals and design of control strategies. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3805. [PMID: 35264643 PMCID: PMC8907197 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07728-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has emerged as a major threat to global public health. Epidemiological and infection controls associated with CRKP are challenging because of several potential elements involved in a complicated cycle of transmission. Here, we proposed a comprehensive mathematical model to investigate the transmission dynamics of CRKP, determine factors affecting the prevalence, and evaluate the impact of interventions on transmission. The model includes the essential compartments, which are uncolonized, asymptomatic colonized, symptomatic colonized, and relapsed patients. Additionally, symptomatic colonized and relapsed patients were further classified into subpopulations according to their number of treatment failures or relapses. We found that the admission of colonized patients and use of antibiotics significantly impacted the endemic transmission in health care units. Thus, we introduced the treatment efficacy, defined by combining the treatment duration and probability of successful treatment, to characterize and describe the effects of antibiotic treatment on transmission. We showed that a high antibiotic treatment efficacy results in a significantly reduced likelihood of patient readmission in the health care unit. Additionally, our findings demonstrate that CRKP transmission with different epidemiological characteristics must be controlled using distinct interventions.
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Yang X, Qiu Q, Liu G, Ren H, Wang X, Lovell JF, Zhang Y. Traceless antibiotic-crosslinked micelles for rapid clearance of intracellular bacteria. J Control Release 2021; 341:329-340. [PMID: 34843813 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of antimicrobial agents to intracellular pathogens represents a major bottleneck for a wide variety of infectious diseases. To address this, we developed SIR-micelles(+), as a new delivery vehicle comprising antibiotic-loaded micelles with rapid self-immolation within cells for targeted delivery to macrophages, where most intracellular bacterial reside. After phagocytosis, SIR-micelles(+) rapidly release the pristine antibiotic after the cleavage of the disulfide bonds by intracellular reducing agents such as glutathione (GSH). Colistin, a hydrophilic and potent "last-resort" antibiotic used for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infection, was encapsulated in SIR-micelles with 40% yield and good short-term storage stability. Hydrophobic moieties and mannose ligands in SIR-micelles(+) enhanced the delivery of colistin into macrophages. The traceless and thiol-responsive release of colistin effectively eliminated intracellular Escherichia coli within twenty minutes. In a murine pneumonia model, SIR-micelles(+) significantly reduced bacterial lung burden of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, SIR-micelles(+) improved the survival rate and reduced the bacterial burden of organs infected by intracellular bacteria transferred from donor mice. Using this formulation approach, the nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity induced by antibiotic were reduced by about 5- 15 fold. Thus, SIR-micelles(+) represent a new class of material that can be used for targeting treatment of intracellular and drug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Qian Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Gengqi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - He Ren
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Jonathan F Lovell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA
| | - Yumiao Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, 300350, PR China; Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education) Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Li Y, Liu F, Zhang J, Liu X, Xiao P, Bai H, Chen S, Wang D, Sung SHP, Kwok RTK, Shen J, Zhu K, Tang BZ. Efficient Killing of Multidrug-Resistant Internalized Bacteria by AIEgens In Vivo. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2001750. [PMID: 33977040 PMCID: PMC8097328 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202001750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria infected cells acting as "Trojan horses" not only protect bacteria from antibiotic therapies and immune clearance, but also increase the dissemination of pathogens from the initial sites of infection. Antibiotics are hard and insufficient to treat such hidden internalized bacteria, especially multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Herein, aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) such as N,N-diphenyl-4-(7-(pyridin-4-yl) benzo [c] [1,2,5] thiadiazol-4-yl) aniline functionalized with 1-bromoethane (TBP-1) and (3-bromopropyl) trimethylammonium bromide (TBP-2) (TBPs) show potent broad-spectrum bactericidal activity against both extracellular and internalized Gram-positive pathogens. TBPs trigger reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated membrane damage to kill bacteria, regardless of light irradiation. TBPs effectively kill bacteria without the development of resistance. Additionally, such AIEgens activate mitochondria dependent autophagy to eliminate internalized bacteria in host cells. Compared to the routinely used vancomycin in clinic, TBPs demonstrate comparable efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in vivo. The studies suggest that AIEgens are promising new agents for the treatment of MDR bacteria associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Center for AIE ResearchCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Fei Liu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Jiangjiang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyNo. 1088 Xueyuan Rd, Nanshan DistrictShenzhen518055China
| | - Xiaoye Liu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Peihong Xiao
- Center for AIE ResearchCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China
| | - Haotian Bai
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDivision of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Shang Chen
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE ResearchCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China
| | - Simon H. P. Sung
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDivision of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Ryan T. K. Kwok
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDivision of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RdBeijing100193China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Center for AIE ResearchCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518061China
- Department of ChemistryHong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionInstitute for Advanced StudyDivision of Life ScienceThe Hong Kong University of Science and TechnologyClear Water BayKowloonHong KongChina
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Yang Z, Sun Q, Chen S, Ding S, Zhang R, Zhu K. Genomic and Phenotypic Analysis of Persistent Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates from a 5-Year Hospitalized Patient. Microb Drug Resist 2020; 27:1117-1125. [PMID: 33370221 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2020.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging epidemic of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) is a global public health crisis. However, the phylogenetic affiliation and pathotypic status of CRKP strains in the host colonization period under consistent antibiotic treatments are not well characterized. In this study, a 5-year tracking study was performed, in which a patient admitted to an intensive care unit was recruited and then screened for the carriage of CRKP based on microbiological culture. Nine isolates from the sputum or stool samples were acquired and subjected to real-time whole-genome sequencing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Galleria mellonella larval infection, and epithelial cell invasion assay. All nine isolates showed phenotypic resistance to carbapenems, quinolones, and aminoglycosides. Altogether, blaKPC-2 and 10 other antibiotic resistance genes were identified and all nine CRKP isolates exhibited low virulence with more than 38 virulence factors. All but one variant belonged to ST11 with a novel sequence type, differing at the phoE locus. The isolates shared the same plasmid replicon type, prophages, and capsular serotype (K47) with few single-nucleotide polymorphism variations, consistent with epidemiological clones. Furthermore, these CRKP isolates displayed the ability of moderate invasion of lung epithelial cells. Meanwhile, a deficiency of chromosomal type IV secretion system-related gene cluster was detected after 2 years of carriage. Our findings demonstrated that low-virulence CRKP clones could colonize in the gut and respiratory tract under multiple antibiotic stresses, suggesting the strong colonization adaptability of CRKP to the host. Ethical approval was given by The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, (2018-039).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yang
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiaoling Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shang Chen
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuangyang Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kui Zhu
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety Evaluation, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal-Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Bai H, He W, Chau JHC, Zheng Z, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. AIEgens for microbial detection and antimicrobial therapy. Biomaterials 2020; 268:120598. [PMID: 33321291 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic microbes can cause infections or diseases in hosts and they pose ongoing threats to human health. Antibiotics have been taken an active role in treating a wide variety of infections or diseases since they were first introduced in the 1940s. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant microbes makes these previously effective drugs invalid regrettably. So it is urgently needed to accelerate research and development for new antimicrobial systems and strategies. Recently, luminogens with aggregation-induced emission characteristics (AIEgens) have emerged as powerful fluorescent tools for microbial detection and antimicrobial therapy. In this review, we highlighted the latest advancements of AIEgen-based biofunctional materials and systems in this research field. AIE fluorescent probes have the advantages of excellent sensitivity and rapid response, which make them useful for ultrafast bacterial imaging, bacteria classification, and pathogen discrimination. Early microbial detection and identification could help us study the mechanism of antibiotic resistance more scientifically. Moreover, the AIEgens-based photosensitizers (AIE-PSs) with strong photosensitization show good performance on the efficient elimination of multidrug-resistant bacteria and intracellular bacteria. At the end of the review, a short perspective on aggregate science is concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Bai
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Joe H C Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction and SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing 1st RD, South Area, Hi-tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen, 518057, China; Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission and State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
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11
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Liu X, Liu F, Ding S, Shen J, Zhu K. Sublethal Levels of Antibiotics Promote Bacterial Persistence in Epithelial Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:1900840. [PMID: 32999821 PMCID: PMC7509632 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy and host cells frequently fail to eliminate invasive bacterial pathogens due to the emergence of antibiotic resistance, resulting in the relapse and recurrence of infections. Bacteria evolve various strategies to persist and survive in epithelial cells, a front-line barrier of host tissues counteracting invasion; however, it remains unclear how bacteria hijack cellular responses to promote cytoplasmic survival under antibiotic therapy. Here, it is demonstrated that extracellular bacteria show invasive behavior and survive in epithelial cells in both in vivo and in vitro models, to increase antibiotic tolerance. In turn, sublethal levels of antibiotics increase bacterial invasion through promoting the production of bacterial virulence factors. Furthermore, antibiotic treatments interrupt lysosomal acidification in autophagy due to the internalized bacteria, using Bacillus cereus and ciprofloxacin as a model. In addition, it is found that sublethal levels of ciprofloxacin cause mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation to impair lysosomal vascular tape ATPase (V-ATPase) to further promote bacterial persistence. Collectively, these results highlight the potential of host cells mediated antibiotic tolerance, which markedly compromises antibiotic efficacy and worsens the outcomes of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing100193China
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Fei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing100193China
| | - Shuangyang Ding
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal‐Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and SafetyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing100193China
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal‐Derived Food Safety and Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and SafetyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
| | - Kui Zhu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human HealthCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityNo. 2 Yuanmingyuan West RoadBeijing100193China
- National Center for Veterinary Drug Safety EvaluationCollege of Veterinary MedicineChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100193China
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12
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Choby JE, Howard-Anderson J, Weiss DS. Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae - clinical and molecular perspectives. J Intern Med 2020; 287:283-300. [PMID: 31677303 PMCID: PMC7057273 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 265] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) has emerged as a concerning global pathogen. hvKp is more virulent than classical K. pneumoniae (cKp) and capable of causing community-acquired infections, often in healthy individuals. hvKp is carried in the gastrointestinal tract, which contributes to its spread in the community and healthcare settings. First recognized in Asia, hvKp arose as a leading cause of pyogenic liver abscesses. In the decades since, hvKp has spread globally and causes a variety of infections. In addition to liver abscesses, hvKp is distinct from cKp in its ability to metastasize to distant sites, including most commonly the eye, lung and central nervous system (CNS). hvKp has also been implicated in primary extrahepatic infections including bacteremia, pneumonia and soft tissue infections. The genetic determinants of hypervirulence are often found on large virulence plasmids as well as chromosomal mobile genetic elements which can be used as biomarkers to distinguish hvKp from cKp clinical isolates. These distinct virulence determinants of hvKp include up to four siderophore systems for iron acquisition, increased capsule production, K1 and K2 capsule types, and the colibactin toxin. Additionally, hvKp strains demonstrate hypermucoviscosity, a phenotypic description of hvKp in laboratory conditions that has become a distinguishing feature of many hypervirulent isolates. Alarmingly, multidrug-resistant hypervirulent strains have emerged, creating a new challenge in combating this already dangerous pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Choby
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Howard-Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - D S Weiss
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Research Service, Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA
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13
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Agbale CM, Sarfo JK, Galyuon IK, Juliano SA, Silva GGO, Buccini DF, Cardoso MH, Torres MDT, Angeles-Boza AM, de la Fuente-Nunez C, Franco OL. Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activities of Helical Antimicrobial Peptide Sequences Incorporating Metal-Binding Motifs. Biochemistry 2019; 58:3802-3812. [PMID: 31448597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent alternative strategies to combat the global health problem of antibiotic resistance. However, naturally occurring AMPs are generally not sufficiently active for use as antibiotics. Optimized synthetic versions incorporating additional design principles are needed. Here, we engineered amino-terminal Cu(II) and Ni(II) (ATCUN) binding motifs, which can enhance biological function, into the native sequence of two AMPs, CM15 and citropin1.1. The incorporation of metal-binding motifs modulated the antimicrobial activity of synthetic peptides against a panel of carbapenem-resistant enterococci (CRE) bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpC+) and Escherichia coli (KpC+). Activity modulation depended on the type of ATCUN variant utilized. Membrane permeability assays revealed that the in silico selected lead template, CM15, and its ATCUN analogs increased bacterial cell death. Mass spectrometry, circular dichroism, and molecular dynamics simulations indicated that coordinating ATCUN derivatives with Cu(II) ions did not increase the helical tendencies of the AMPs. CM15 ATCUN variants, when combined with Meropenem, streptomycin, or chloramphenicol, showed synergistic effects against E. coli (KpC+ 1812446) biofilms. Motif addition also reduced the hemolytic activity of the wild-type AMP and improved the survival rate of mice in a systemic infection model. The dependence of these bioactivities on the particular amino acids of the ATCUN motif highlights the possible use of size, charge, and hydrophobicity to fine-tune AMP biological function. Our data indicate that incorporating metal-binding motifs into peptide sequences leads to synthetic variants with modified biological properties. These principles may be applied to augment the activities of other peptide sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caleb M Agbale
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , University of Cape Coast , Cape Coast , Ghana.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , University of Cape Coast , Cape Coast , Ghana
| | - Justice K Sarfo
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil
| | - Isaac K Galyuon
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences , University of Cape Coast , Cape Coast , Ghana
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Gislaine G O Silva
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil
| | - Danieli F Buccini
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil
| | - Marlon H Cardoso
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil.,Centro de Análises de Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília , DF 70790-160 , Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , DF 70910-900 , Brazil
| | - Marcelo D T Torres
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Institute of Materials Science , University of Connecticut , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States
| | - Cesar de la Fuente-Nunez
- Machine Biology Group, Departments of Psychiatry and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, and Department of Bioengineering , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
| | - Octavio L Franco
- S-INOVA Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco , Campo Grande , Mato Grosso Do Sul, MS 79117-900 , Brazil.,Centro de Análises de Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica de Brasília , Brasília , DF 70790-160 , Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Brasília , Brasília , DF 70910-900 , Brazil
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14
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Sun QL, Gu D, Wang Q, Hu Y, Shu L, Hu J, Zhang R, Chen GX. Dynamic Colonization of Klebsiella pneumoniae Isolates in Gastrointestinal Tract of Intensive Care Patients. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:230. [PMID: 30804922 PMCID: PMC6378299 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal carriage is regarded as a major reservoir of K. pneumoniae infections, especially in intensive care patients. A total of 101 (95.3%) KPC-producing carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) isolates were identified among 106 CRKP isolates collected from stool samples of inpatients performing active rectal screening for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae during hospitalization in the ICUs of a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2017. Among them, six KPC-producing CRKP isolates from three patients (two isolates for each patient) were identified with distinct antibacterial susceptibility. Our findings showed that: (1) blaKPC–2 gene is predominant in CRKP strains isolated from the intensive care patients and can be incorporated into various plasmids that are transmissible among multiple bacterial hosts in the human gastrointestinal tract; (2) the human gastrointestinal tract has a capacity to dynamically colonize multiple clones of CRKP strains with varied plasmids, diverse antimicrobial resistance genes and virulence genes. K. pneumoniae colonization is an important step in progression to extraintestinal infection, which provides the rationale for establishing intervention measures to prevent subsequent infection. Thus, close surveillance on CRKP colonization, together with effective infection prevention and control measures, should be put into practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao-Ling Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Danxia Gu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingbin Shu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Hu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gong-Xiang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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