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Liu Y, Ji T, Jiang H, Chen M, Liu W, Zhang Z, He X. Emodin alleviates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through antioxidant stress, anti-inflammatory responses and anti-apoptosis effects via Akt-mediated HO-1 upregulation. J Inflamm (Lond) 2024; 21:25. [PMID: 38982499 PMCID: PMC11232135 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-024-00392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a severe vascular emergency. Previous research indicated the protective effects of Emodin on I/R injury. Our study aims to explore the effect of Emodin on intestinal I/R (II/R) injury and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. METHODS C57BL/6 mice and Caco-2 cells were used for in vivo and in vitro studies. We established an animal model of II/R injury by temporarily occluding superior mesenteric artery. We constructed an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) cell model using a hypoxia-reoxygenation incubator. Different doses of Emodin were explored to determine the optimal therapeutic dose. Additionally, inhibitors targeting the protein kinase B (Akt) or Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were administered to investigate their potential protective mechanisms. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that in animal experiments, Emodin mitigated barrier disruption, minimized inflammation, reduced oxidative stress, and inhibited apoptosis. When Akt or HO-1 was inhibited, the protective effect of Emodin was eliminated. Inhibiting Akt also reduced the level of HO-1. In cell experiments, Emodin reduced inflammation and apoptosis in the OGD/R cell model. Additionally, when Akt or HO-1 was inhibited, the protective effect of Emodin was weakened. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that Emodin may protect the intestine against II/R injury through the Akt/HO-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Tuo Ji
- Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
| | - Haixing Jiang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Meng Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Hubei Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China
| | - Zongze Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
| | - Xianghu He
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, East Lake Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430071, China.
- Department of Anesthesiology, Jiayu Hospital, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Xianning, Hubei, 437200, China.
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Ali BM, Al-Mokaddem AK, Selim HMRM, Alherz FA, Saleh A, Hamdan AME, Ousman MS, El-Emam SZ. Pinocembrin's protective effect against acute pancreatitis in a rat model: The correlation between TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 and miR-34a-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116854. [PMID: 38824834 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis (APS) is a prevalent acute pancreatic inflammation, where oxidative stress, inflammatory signaling pathways, and apoptosis activation contribute to pancreatic injury. METHODS Pinocembrin, the predominant flavonoid in propolis, was explored for its likely shielding effect against APS provoked by two intraperitoneal doses of L-arginine (250 mg / 100 g) in a rat model. RESULTS Pinocembrin ameliorated the histological and immunohistochemical changes in pancreatic tissues and lowered the activities of pancreatic amylase and lipase that were markedly elevated with L-arginine administration. Moreover, pinocembrin reinstated the oxidant/antioxidant equilibrium, which was perturbed by L-arginine, and boosted the pancreatic levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Pinocembrin markedly reduced the elevation in serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level induced by L-arginine. Additionally, it decreased the expression of high motility group box protein 1 (HMGB1), toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and NOD-like receptor (NLR) Family Pyrin Domain Containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pancreas. Furthermore, it also reduced myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Pinocembrin markedly downregulated miR-34a-5p expression and upregulated the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) and Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) and the gene expression level of the inhibitor protein of NF-κB (IκB-α), along with normalizing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. CONCLUSIONS Pinocembrin notably improved L-arginine-induced APS by its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic activities. Pinocembrin exhibited a protective role in APS by suppressing inflammatory signaling via the TLR4/NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway and enhancing cytoprotective signaling via the miR-34a-5p/SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassam Mohamed Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K Al-Mokaddem
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, P.O.Box 71666, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatemah A Alherz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Saleh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mona S Ousman
- Emergency medical services, College of Applied Sciences, Almaarefa University, Diriyah, Riyadh 13713, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soad Z El-Emam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt.
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Qiu Q, Fu F, Wu Y, Han C, Pu W, Wen L, Xia Q, Du D. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma and its anthraquinone derivatives: Potential candidates for pancreatitis treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155708. [PMID: 38733906 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatitis is a common exocrine inflammatory disease of the pancreas and lacks specific medication currently. Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RR) and its anthraquinone derivatives (AQs) have been successively reported for their pharmacological effects and molecular mechanisms in experimental and clinical pancreatitis. However, an overview of the anti-pancreatitis potential of RR and its AQs is limited. PURPOSE To summarize and analyze the pharmacological effects of RR and its AQs on pancreatitis and the underlying mechanisms, and discuss their drug-like properties and future perspectives. METHODS The articles related to RR and its AQs were collected from the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, PubMed, and the Web of Science using relevant keywords from the study's inception until April first, 2024. Studies involving RR or its AQs in cell or animal pancreatitis models as well as structure-activity relationship, pharmacokinetics, toxicology, and clinical trials were included. RESULTS Most experimental studies are based on severe acute pancreatitis rat models and a few on chronic pancreatitis. Several bioactive anthraquinone derivatives of Rhei Radix et Rhizoma (RRAQs) exert local protective effects on the pancreas by maintaining pancreatic acinar cell homeostasis, inhibiting inflammatory signaling, and anti-fibrosis, and they improve systemic organ function by alleviating intestinal and lung injury. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity studies have revealed the low bioavailability and wide distribution of RRAQs, as well as hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. However, there is insufficient research on the clinical application of RRAQs in pancreatitis. Furthermore, we propose effective strategies for subsequent improvement in terms of balancing effectiveness and safety. CONCLUSION RRAQs can be developed as either candidate drugs or novel lead structures for pancreatitis treatment. The comprehensive review of RR and its AQs provides references for optimizing drugs, developing therapies, and conducting future studies on pancreatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Qiu
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Fei Fu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Yaling Wu
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610213, China
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Weiling Pu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Li Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Center for Biomarker Discovery and Validation, National Infrastructures for Translational Medicine (PUMCH), Institute of Clinical Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100073, China
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Dan Du
- West China Center of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610213, China.
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Chai W, Yao W, Pan J, Huang Z, Wang B, Xu B, Fan X, He W, Wang W, Zhang W. Moniezia benedeni drives CD3 + T cells residence in the sheep intestinal mucosal effector sites. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1342169. [PMID: 38371601 PMCID: PMC10869452 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1342169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction T cells are the core of the cellular immunity and play a key role in the regulation of intestinal immune homeostasis. In order to explore the impact Moniezia benedeni (M. benedeni) infection on distributions of CD3+ T cells in the small intestine of the sheep. Methods In this study, sheep pET-28a-CD3 recombinant plasmid were constructed and expressed in BL21 receptor cells, then the rabbit anti-sheep CD3 polyclonal antibody was prepared through recombinant protein inducing. The M. benedeni-infected sheep (infection group, n = 6) and healthy sheep (control group, n = 6) were selected, and the distributions of CD3+ T cells in intestinal laminae propria (LP) and mucous epitheliums were observed and analyzed systematically. Results The results showed that the rabbit anti-sheep CD3 polyclonal antibody had good potency and specificity. In the effector area of small intestine, a large number of CD3+ T cells were mainly diffusely distributed in the intestinal LP as well as in the mucous epitheliums, and the densities of intestinal LP from duodenum to jejunum to ileum were 6.01 cells/104 μm2, 7.01 cells/104 μm2 and 6.43 cells/104 μm2, respectively. Their distribution densities in mucous epitheliums were 6.71 cells/104 μm2, 7.93 cells/104 μm2 and 7.21 cells/104 μm2, respectively; in the infected group, the distributions of CD3+ T cells were similar to that of the control group, and the densities in each intestinal segment were all significantly increased (p < 0.05), meanwhile, the total densities of CD3+ T cells in duodenum, jejunum and ileum were increased by 33.43%, 14.50%, and 34.19%. In LP and mucous epitheliums, it was increased by 33.57% and 27.92% in duodenum; by 25.82% and 7.07% in jejunum, and by 27.07% and 19.23% in ileum, respectively. Discussion It was suggested that M. benedeni infection did not change the spatial distributions of CD3+ T cells in the small intestine of sheep, but significantly increased their densities, which lays a foundation for further research on the regulatory mechanism of sheep intestinal mucosal immune system against M. benedeni infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhu Chai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanling Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Lanzhou Safari Park Management Co., Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiping Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wanhong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wangdong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Yang Q, Luo Y, Ge P, Lan B, Liu J, Wen H, Cao Y, Sun Z, Zhang G, Yuan H, Zhang L, Chen H. Emodin Ameliorates Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Associated Acute Lung Injury in Rats by Modulating Exosome-Specific miRNA Expression Profiles. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6743-6761. [PMID: 38026528 PMCID: PMC10657551 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s428924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Numerous preclinical investigations have exhibited the beneficial impact of emodin (EMO) on the management of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-associated acute lung injury (ALI). However, the potential of EMO to mitigate organ damage through the modulation of exosome (Exo)-specific miRNA expression profiles remains unclear. Methods The SAP rat model was established by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic bile duct. Rats received intragastric administration of EMO at 2 h and 12 h post-modeling. Plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-derived exosomes were isolated and purified from SAP rats treated with EMO. The therapeutic effects of these Exos in SAP rats were assessed using hematoxylin-eosin staining and measurement of inflammatory factor levels. MicroRNA (miRNA) sequencing was conducted on plasma and BALF-derived Exos, and rescue experiments were performed to investigate the function of NOVEL miR-29a-3p in the treatment of SAP using EMO. Results EMO exhibits ameliorative effects on pancreatic and lung injury and inflammation in rats with SAP. Plasma/BALF-derived Exos from EMO-treated SAP rats also have therapeutic effects on SAP rats. The miRNA expression profile of plasma and BALF-derived Exos in SAP rats underwent significant changes upon exposure to EMO. In particular, 34 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) were identified when comparing BALF-SAP+EMO-Exo and BALF-SAP-Exo. 39 DEmiRNAs were identified when comparing plasma-SAP+EMO-Exo to plasma-SAP-Exo. We found that SAP rats treated with Exos derived from BALF exhibited a more potent therapeutic response than those treated with Exos derived from plasma. EMO may rely on NOVEL-rno-miR-29a-3p expression to prevent pulmonary injury in SAP rats. Conclusion The mechanism of action of EMO is observed to have a significant impact on the miRNA expression profile of Exos derived from plasma and BALF in SAP rats. NOVEL-rno-miR-29a-3p, which is specific to Exos, and is derived from BALF, may play a crucial role in the therapeutic efficacy of EMO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Ge
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bowen Lan
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Wen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinan Cao
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxuan Sun
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiming Yuan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116011, People’s Republic of China
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Xun W, Ji M, Ma Z, Deng T, Yang W, Hou G, Shi L, Cao T. Dietary emodin alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by regulating gut microbiota in piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:152-162. [PMID: 37455790 PMCID: PMC10344667 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
This study was to determine the effects of dietary emodin (ED) on the intestinal mucosal barrier, nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathways, and gut microbial flora in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced piglets. Twenty-four weaned piglets were chosen and 4 treatments were created by randomly distributing piglets into CON, ED, LPS, and ED_LPS groups. Experiments were done in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and maintained for 21 d. Dietary treatment (a basal diet or 300 mg/kg ED) and immunological challenge (LPS or sterile saline) were 2 major factors. Intraperitoneal injections of LPS or sterilized saline were given to piglets on d 21. Six hours after the LPS challenge, all piglets were euthanized for sample collection and analysis. The results showed that piglets of the ED_LPS group had higher (P < 0.05) villus height to crypt depth ratio (VCR), and lower (P < 0.05) plasma D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) than the LPS group. Furthermore, ED inhibited (P < 0.05) the decrease of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT) activities and increase of malonaldehyde level (P < 0.05) in jejunal mucosa induced by LPS. The mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes (IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α) were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and the mRNA levels of antioxidant enzyme genes (GPX-1, SOD2 and CAT), as well as protein and mRNA levels of tight junction proteins (occludin, claudin-1, and ZO-1), were also significantly increased (P < 0.05) by ED addition in LPS-induced piglets. Meanwhile, ED supplementation significantly decreased the LPS-induced protein levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and phosphorylation levels of NF-κB p65 and IκBα in jejunal mucosa. Emodin had a significant effect on the composition of gut microbial flora at various taxonomic positions as indicated by 16S RNA sequencing. The acetic acid, isobutyric acid, valeric acid, and isovaleric acid concentrations in the cecum were also increased by ED addition in pigs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the correlation analysis revealed that some intestinal microbiota had a potential relationship with jejunal VCR, plasma D-lactate and DAO, jejunal mucosa GSH-Px and CAT activity, and cecal short-chain fatty acid concentration. These data suggest that ED is effective in alleviating LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury by modulating gut microbiota in piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Xun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Mengyao Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhonghua Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Tanjie Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wen Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Guanyu Hou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Liguang Shi
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, 571100, China
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Chang M, Chen W, Xia R, Peng Y, Niu P, Fan H. Pancreatic Stellate Cells and the Targeted Therapeutic Strategies in Chronic Pancreatitis. Molecules 2023; 28:5586. [PMID: 37513458 PMCID: PMC10383437 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease characterized by inflammatory recurrence that accompanies the development of pancreatic fibrosis. As the mystery of CP pathogenesis is gradually revealed, accumulating evidence suggests that the activation of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) and the appearance of a myofibroblast-like phenotype are the key gatekeepers in the development of CP. Targeting PSCs to prevent their activation and conversion to a myofibroblast-like phenotype, as well as increasing antioxidant capacity to counteract ongoing oxidative stress, are effective strategies for preventing or treating CP. Therefore, we reviewed the crosstalk between CP and pancreatic fibrosis, summarized the activation mechanisms of PSCs, and investigated potential CP therapeutic strategies targeting PSCs, including, but not limited to, anti-fibrosis therapy, antioxidant therapy, and gene therapy. Meanwhile, the above therapeutic strategies are selected in order to update the available phytopharmaceuticals as novel complementary or alternative approaches for the prevention and treatment of CP to clarify their potential mechanisms of action and their relevant molecular targets, aiming to provide the most comprehensive therapeutic treatment direction for CP and to bring new hope to CP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Chang
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenjuan Chen
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ruting Xia
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yangyue Peng
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Pandi Niu
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hui Fan
- Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Key Unit of Modulating Liver to Treat Hyperlipemia SATCM (State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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Lin J, Han C, Dai N, Bi S, Du D, Xia Q. Effectiveness of Chengqi-series decoctions in treating severe acute pancreatitis: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 113:154727. [PMID: 36913877 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that Dachengqi and its modified decoctions are effective for treating abdominal pain, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and inflammation in various disease conditions. We performed a meta-analysis to ascertain the effectiveness of a series of chengqi decoctions in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). METHODS We searched Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature, Wanfang database and China Science and Technology Journal Database before August 2022 to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Mortality and MODS were chosen as primary outcomes. Secondary outcomes included time until relief of abdominal pain, APACHE II score, complications, effectiveness, IL-6 and TNF-α levels. The risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) were selected as effect measures. The quality of evidence was independently assessed by two reviewers using Grading of Recommendations Assessment Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS Twenty-three RCTs (n = 1865) were finally included. The results showed that, compared with routine therapies, chengqi-series decoctions (CQSDs) treatment groups were associated with lower mortality rate (RR: 0.41, 95%CI: 0.32 to 0.53, p = 0.992) and incidence of MODS (RR: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.36 to 0.63, p = 0.885). They also reduced remission time of abdominal pain (SMD: -1.66, 95%CI: -1.98 to -1.35, p = 0.000), complications (RR: 0.52, 95%CI: 0.39 to 0.68, p = 0.716), APACHE II score (SMD: -1.04, 95%CI:-1.55 to -0.54, p = 0.003), IL-6 (SMD: -1.5, 95%CI: -2.16 to -0.85, p = 0.000), TNF-α (SMD: -1.18, 95%CI: -1.71 to -0.65, p = 0.000), and improved curative effectiveness (RR:1.22, 95%CI: 1.14 to 1.31, p = 0.757). The certainty of the evidence for these outcomes was low to moderate. CONCLUSION CQSDs seem to be effective therapy for SAP patients with notable reductions in mortality, MODS and abdominal pain, with low quality evidence. Large-scale, multi-center RCTs that are more meticulous are advised in order to produce superior evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Lin
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Chenxia Han
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ning Dai
- Centre for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100010, China
| | - Siwei Bi
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dan Du
- Advanced Mass Spectrometry Center, Research Core Facility, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Qing Xia
- West China Centre of Excellence for Pancreatitis, Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Pancreatitis Centre and West China-Liverpool Biomedical Research Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Wang M, Pan C, Deng D, Xie M, Cao Y. Emodin Exerts its Therapeutic Effects Through Metabolic Remodeling in Severe Acute Pancreatitis-Related Intestinal Injury. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231163995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Intestinal injury caused by severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) can induce peripancreatic and systemic infection, and aggravate systemic inflammation. Emodin has demonstrated efficacy in mitigating SAP-associated intestinal injury. Although metabolites in tissues cause histopathophysiological changes, data on the mechanisms of emodin on metabolic processes remain scant. Methods The SAP-related intestinal injury rat model was induced by injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate solution through the biliopancreatic duct. The protective effect of emodin on intestinal injury was evaluated by histologic analyses. On the other hand, we assessed the effect of emodin on metabolic remodeling in intestinal tissues using untargeted metabolomics. Results Out of the analyzed 1187 metabolites, untargeted metabolomics identified 99 differential metabolites in the intestinal tissues. Emodin significantly alleviated the inflammatory injury in the pancreas and intestines. Emodin treatment led to significant changes in bile acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, intestinal microbiota related metabolism, and glycerol phospholipid metabolism in the intestinal tissues. In addition, using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we constructed emodin related metabolite–metabolite interaction network and showed that intestinal microbiota related metabolites and glycerol phospholipid metabolism were associated with emodin treatment. Glycine, LPC (0:0/22:6), Spermidine, 11β-hydroxyprogesterone, and N1-methyl-2-Pyridone-5-carboxamide may be efficient molecules after emodin treatment. Conclusion Taken together, our data demonstrated that intestinal injury caused by SAP induces an obvious metabolic disorder. Emodin exerts its therapeutic effects through metabolic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjie Wang
- Department of Anal and Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Pan
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dawei Deng
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreas, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mingzheng Xie
- Clinical Laboratory of Integrative Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- Department of Anal and Intestinal Disease, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yan X, Lin T, Zhu Q, Zhang Y, Song Z, Pan X. Naringenin protects against acute pancreatitis-associated intestinal injury by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation via AhR signaling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1090261. [PMID: 36713830 PMCID: PMC9881748 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1090261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: In this study, we examined the functions and mechanisms by which naringenin protects against SAP (severe acute pancreatitis)-related intestinal injury by modulating the AhR/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Material and methods: Fifteen healthy male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into SAP (n = 12) and normal (n = 3) groups. Mice in the SAP group received caerulein and lipopolysaccharide intraperitoneal injections and were then randomly assigned to the SAP, NAR, CH223191, and Dexamethasone (DEX) groups. Pathological changes in the pancreatic and intestinal mucosa were observed by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) staining. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide and treated with naringenin. The levels of NLRP3, AhR, IL-1β, TNF, and IL-6 in the SAP model and RAW264.7 cells were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The nuclear translocation of AhR was shown by immunofluorescence. AutoDockTools was used to predict the conformations of naringenin-AhR binding, and PyMol 2.4 was used to visualize the conformations. Results: Mouse pancreatic and intestinal injury was alleviated by treatment with naringenin. Naringenin inhibited the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibited damage to intestinal tight junctions. Moreover, naringenin increased AhR nuclear translocation and activated the AhR pathway. Conclusion: Naringenin can reduce SAP-associated intestinal injury by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via the AhR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Xinting Pan
- The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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11
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Natural Chinese herbs for the prevention and treatment of acute pancreatitis: a narrative review. JOURNAL OF PANCREATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/jp9.0000000000000111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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12
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Tang Y, Sun M, Liu Z. Phytochemicals with protective effects against acute pancreatitis: a review of recent literature. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:479-490. [PMID: 35180016 PMCID: PMC8865097 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2022.2039723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute abdominal inflammatory disease with episodes ranging from mild to fulminant symptoms which could include necrosis, systemic inflammation and multiple organ dysfunction. Increasing experimental evidence demonstrates that specific bioactive ingredients from natural plants have a favourable therapeutic effect on AP. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review is to summarize the protective effects and potential mechanisms of action of phytochemicals on the attenuation of AP. METHODS Experimental studies in vivo or in vitro between January 2016 and June 2021 were sought in PubMed and Web of Science using the following search terms: ('phytochemicals' OR 'medicinal plant' OR 'traditional medicine') AND ('pancreatitis' OR 'pancreatic damage' OR 'pancreatic injury'). Data concerning the basic characteristics of phytochemicals, therapeutic dose and potential molecular mechanisms related to AP were extracted in this study. RESULTS A total of 30 phytochemicals with potential therapeutic effects were reviewed and summarized systematically. According to their molecular pathways in AP, the underlying mechanisms of the phytochemicals were illustrated in detail. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant abilities may be efficient candidate drugs for AP treatment. Importantly, more preclinical investigations are needed to illustrate the efficacy of future phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Tang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mingli Sun
- School of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenning Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- CONTACT Zhenning Liu Department of Emergency Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, China
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Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Treating Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6108772. [PMID: 36185092 PMCID: PMC9522518 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6108772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Due to the limited treatment options in antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) in children, more effective treatments should be explored. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history in China, which has produced a pretty effect in clinical practice. Many randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have explored the effect of traditional Chinese medicine on treating AAD in children. However, there has been no systematic review or meta-analysis on the impact of TCM on AAD in children. The aim of this study was to systematically review RCTs on the effect of TCM in children with AAD. Methods RCTs in the past ten years on TCM for AAD in children were included. We searched Electronic databases as much as possible. This paper was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022301034). Results 26 studies were included in this systematic review. 25 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions on the total effective rate (RR = 1.20, CI 1.16 to 1.24; p < 0.001). 7 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions on the time to change the shape of feces (MD = −1.37, CI −1.67 to −1.07; p < 0.001). 17 studies reported the effects of TCM interventions (MD = −1.43, CI −1.71 to −1.15; p < 0.001). The pooled results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups in CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4 : CD8, time for bowel sounds to return to normal, hs-CRP, and IgM. There was a significant difference between the two groups in frequency of diarrhea on the third day after TCM intervention, vomiting improvement time, diamine oxidase, IL-8, TNF, IgA, IgG, and average hospital stay. Conclusions TCM interventions combined with conventional therapy can improve the therapeutic effect of AAD in children. However, future studies are still needed for the low methodological quality.
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Wu J, Lan Y, Shi X, Huang W, Li S, Zhang J, Wang H, Wang F, Meng X. Sennoside A is a novel inhibitor targeting caspase-1. Food Funct 2022; 13:9782-9795. [PMID: 36097956 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01730j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The assembly of inflammasomes drives caspase-1 activation, which further promotes proinflammatory cytokine secretion and downstream pyroptosis. The discovery of novel caspase-1 inhibitors is pivotal to developing new therapeutic means for inflammasome-involved diseases. In our present study, sennoside A (Sen A), a popular ingredient in multiple weight-loss medicines and dietary supplements, is found to potently inhibit the enzymatic activity of caspase-1 in vitro. Sen A considerably decreased IL-1β production in macrophages stimulated by LPS plus ATP, nigericin or MSU as well as poly(dA:dT) transfection, and remedied ROS-involved pyroptosis via caspase-1 inhibition. Mechanistically, Sen A not only suppressed the assembly of both NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome but also affected the priming process of NLRP3 inflammasome by blocking NF-κB signaling. Sen A significantly ameliorated the pathophysiological effect in LPS-, MSU- and carrageenan-challenged rodent models by suppressing inflammasome activation. Furthermore, P2X7 was indispensable for Sen A inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome since it failed to further decrease IL-1β and IL-18 production in LPS plus ATP-stimulated BMDMs that were transfected with P2X7 siRNA. Sen A also restrained the large pore-forming functionalities of the P2X7R as verified by the YO-PRO-1 uptake assay. Taken together, Sen A inactivates caspase-1 to inhibit NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasome-involved inflammation in a P2X7-dependent manner, making it an attractive candidate as a caspase-1 small-molecular inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China. .,Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Yuejia Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Xiaoke Shi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Clinical Translation, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Wenge Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Clinical Translation, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jizhou Zhang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Huan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Fei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Clinical Translation, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Hong XX, Wang HY, Yang JM, Lin BF, Min QQ, Liang YZ, Huang PD, Zhong ZY, Guo SJ, Huang B, Xu YF. Systemic injury caused by taurocholate‑induced severe acute pancreatitis in rats. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:468. [PMID: 35747153 PMCID: PMC9204573 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xin Hong
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Wang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Jiong-Ming Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - Bao-Fu Lin
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Qin-Qin Min
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Zhong Liang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Di Huang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Zi-You Zhong
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Ju Guo
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Bin Huang
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Fei Xu
- Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518033, P.R. China
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Gong GW, Tang WH, Zhou Z, Jiang YW, Wang CZ, Cheng H, Cao Y, Jiang ZW. Potential Efficacious Materials Investigation of Yi-Yi Mixture Based on Metabolome-oriented Network Pharmacology Strategy. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1197:123199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Shang L, Liu Y, Li J, Pan G, Zhou F, Yang S. Emodin Protects Sepsis Associated Damage to the Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Through the VDR/ Nrf2 /HO-1 Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:724511. [PMID: 34987380 PMCID: PMC8721668 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.724511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims: Emodin is an anthraquinone extracted from Polygonum multiflorum, which has potential anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. However, the possible protective mechanism of emodin is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective mechanism of emodin against cecal ligation and puncture and LPS-induced intestinal mucosal barrier injury through the VDR/ Nrf2 /HO-1 signaling pathway. Methods: We established a mouse model of sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), and stimulated normal intestinal epithelial cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). VDR in cellswas down-regulated by small interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) technology.Mice were perfused with VDR antagonists ZK168281 to reduce VDR expression and mRNA and protein levels of VDR and downstream molecules were detected in cells and tissue. Inflammation markers (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6)) and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH)) were measured in serum and intestinal tissueby enzym-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of VDR in intestinal tissue was detected by immunofluorescence. Histopathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Results: In NCM460 cells and animal models, emodin increased mRNA and protein expression of VDR and its downstream molecules. In addition, emodin could inhibit the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6 and MDA in serum and tissue, and increase the levels of SOD and GSH. The protective effect of emodin was confirmed in NCM460 cells and mice, where VDR was suppressed. In addition, emodin could alleviate the histopathological damage of intestinal mucosal barrier caused by cecal ligation and puncture. Conclusion: Emodin has a good protective effect against sepsis related intestinal mucosal barrier injury, possibly through the VDR/ Nrf2 /HO-1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luorui Shang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinxiao Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangtao Pan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangyuan Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shenglan Yang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Emodin Improves Intestinal Health and Immunity through Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Mice Infected by Pathogenic Escherichia coli O 1. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113314. [PMID: 34828045 PMCID: PMC8614316 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of emodin on the intestinal mucosal barrier of a mouse E. coli O1-induced diarrhea model was observed. Following successful establishment of a diarrhea model, the mice were treated with drugs for seven days. Intestinal lesions and the shape and the number of goblet cells were assessed via hematoxylin-eosin and periodic-acid-Schiff staining, while changes in inflammatory factors, ultrastructure of the small intestine, expression of MUC-2, and changes in the intestinal microbiota were analyzed via RT-PCR, electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, and 16S rRNA sequencing. Examination showed that emodin ameliorated pathological damage to the intestines of diarrheic mice. RT-PCR indicated that emodin reduced TNF-α, IL-β, IL-6, MPO, and COX-2 mRNA levels in duodenal tissues and increased the levels of sIgA and MUC-2 and the number of goblet cells. Microbiome analysis revealed that Escherichia coli O1 reduced bacterial richness and altered the distribution pattern of bacterial communities at the phylum and order levels in cecum contents. Notably, pathogenic Clostridiales and Enterobacteriales were significantly increased in diarrheic mice. However, emodin reversed the trend. Thus, emodin protected against intestinal damage induced by E. coli O1 and improved intestinal mucosal barrier function in mice by increasing the abundance of beneficial intestinal microbiota and inhibiting the abundance of harmful bacteria, thereby alleviating diarrhea.
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Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulas Alleviate Acute Pancreatitis: Pharmacological Activities and Mechanisms. Pancreas 2021; 50:1348-1356. [PMID: 35041332 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000001931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a common clinical gastrointestinal disorder with a high mortality rate for severe AP and lacks effective clinical treatment, which leads to considerable comorbidity and financial burden. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has had the unique advantage of treating AP for a long time in China. Clinically, TCM formulas such as Da-cheng-qi decoction, Chai-qin-cheng-qi decoction, Qing-yi decoction, Da-chai-hu decoction, and Da-huang-fu-zi decoction are widely administrated to AP patients. All of these TCM formulas can improve gastrointestinal function, regulate the inflammatory response, and enhance immunity, thus preventing complications, reducing the mortality rate and financial burden. This review will summarize the pharmacological activities and mechanisms of TCM formulas in alleviating AP.
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Zheng Q, Li S, Li X, Liu R. Advances in the study of emodin: an update on pharmacological properties and mechanistic basis. Chin Med 2021; 16:102. [PMID: 34629100 PMCID: PMC8504117 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00509-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, also known as rhubarb or Da Huang, has been widely used as a spice and as traditional herbal medicine for centuries, and is currently marketed in China as the principal herbs in various prescriptions, such as Da-Huang-Zhe-Chong pills and Da-Huang-Qing-Wei pills. Emodin, a major bioactive anthraquinone derivative extracted from rhubarb, represents multiple health benefits in the treatment of a host of diseases, such as immune-inflammatory abnormality, tumor progression, bacterial or viral infections, and metabolic syndrome. Emerging evidence has made great strides in clarifying the multi-targeting therapeutic mechanisms underlying the efficacious therapeutic potential of emodin, including anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, anti-fibrosis, anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, and anti-diabetic properties. This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated summary of recent developments on these pharmacological efficacies and molecular mechanisms of emodin, with a focus on the underlying molecular targets and signaling networks. We also reviewed recent attempts to improve the pharmacokinetic properties and biological activities of emodin by structural modification and novel material-based targeted delivery. In conclusion, emodin still has great potential to become promising therapeutic options to immune and inflammation abnormality, organ fibrosis, common malignancy, pathogenic bacteria or virus infections, and endocrine disease or disorder. Scientifically addressing concerns regarding the poor bioavailability and vague molecular targets would significantly contribute to the widespread acceptance of rhubarb not only as a dietary supplement in food flavorings and colorings but also as a health-promoting TCM in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zheng
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- School of Life Sciences, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Runping Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 11 Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Beijing, 100029, China.
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21
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Swentek L, Chung D, Ichii H. Antioxidant Therapy in Pancreatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:657. [PMID: 33922756 PMCID: PMC8144986 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatitis is pathologic inflammation of the pancreas characterized by acinar cell destruction and oxidative stress. Repeated pancreatic insults can result in the development of chronic pancreatitis, characterized by irreversible fibrosis of the pancreas and many secondary sequelae, ultimately leading to the loss of this important organ. We review acute pancreatitis, chronic pancreatitis, and pancreatitis-related complications. We take a close look at the pathophysiology with a focus on oxidative stress and how it contributes to the complications of the disease. We also take a deep dive into the evolution and current status of advanced therapies for management including dietary modification, antioxidant supplementation, and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2-Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1(Nrf2-keap1) pathway activation. In addition, we discuss the surgeries aimed at managing pain and preventing further endocrine dysfunction, such as total pancreatectomy with islet auto-transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hirohito Ichii
- Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, CA 92868, USA; (L.S.); (D.C.)
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22
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Polysaccharides in natural products that repair the damage to intestinal mucosa caused by cyclophosphamide and their mechanisms: A review. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 261:117876. [PMID: 33766363 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX) is a commonly used antitumor drug in clinical practice, and intestinal mucosal injury is one of its main toxic side effects, which seriously affects the treatment tolerance and prognosis of patients. Therefore, the prevention of intestinal mucosal injury is a research hotspot. Studies have shown that polysaccharides can effectively prevent and improve CTX-induced intestinal mucosal injury and immune system disorders. Recent research has elucidated the structure, biological function, and physicochemical properties of polysaccharides that prevent intestinal mucosal injury, and the potential mechanisms whereby they have this effect. In this paper, we review the recent progress made in understanding the effects of polysaccharides on intestinal mucosal injury and their protective mechanism in order to provide a reference for further research on the prevention of intestinal mucosal injury and the mechanisms involved in nutritional intervention.
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23
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Xu C, Luo Y, Ntim M, Quan W, Li Z, Xu Q, Jiang L, Zhang J, Shang D, Li L, Zhang G, Chen H. Effect of emodin on long non-coding RNA-mRNA networks in rats with severe acute pancreatitis-induced acute lung injury. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1851-1866. [PMID: 33438315 PMCID: PMC7882958 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) contribute to disease pathogenesis and drug treatment effects. Both emodin and dexamethasone (DEX) have been used for treating severe acute pancreatitis-associated acute lung injury (SAP-ALI). However, lncRNA regulation networks related to SAP-ALI pathogenesis and drug treatment are unreported. In this study, lncRNAs and mRNAs in the lung tissue of SAP-ALI and control rats, with or without drug treatment (emodin or DEX), were assessed by RNA sequencing. Results showed both emodin and DEX were therapeutic for SAP-ALI and that mRNA and lncRNA levels differed between untreated and treated SAP-ALI rats. Gene expression profile relationships for emodin-treated and control rats were higher than DEX-treated and -untreated animals. By comparison of control and SAP-ALI animals, more up-regulated than down-regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs were observed with emodin treatment. For DEX treatment, more down-regulated than up-regulated mRNAs and lncRNAs were observed. Functional analysis demonstrated both up-regulated mRNA and co-expressed genes with up-regulated lncRNAs were enriched in inflammatory and immune response pathways. Further, emodin-associated lncRNAs and mRNAs co-expressed modules were different from those associated with DEX. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrates selected lncRNA and mRNA co-expressed modules were different in the lung tissue of emodin- and DEX-treated rats. Also, emodin had different effects compared with DEX on co-expression network of lncRNAs Rn60_7_1164.1 and AABR07062477.2 for the blue lncRNA module and Nrp1 for the green mRNA module. In conclusion, this study provides evidence that emodin may be a suitable alternative or complementary medicine for treating SAP-ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caiming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yalan Luo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Michael Ntim
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weili Quan
- Center for Genome Analysis, ABLife Inc, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qiushi Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Liu Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guixin Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hailong Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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24
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Wang J, Li X, Liu Y, Peng C, Zhu H, Tu G, Yu X, Li Z. CircHIPK3 Promotes Pyroptosis in Acinar Cells Through Regulation of the miR-193a-5p/GSDMD Axis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:88. [PMID: 32318575 PMCID: PMC7154086 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP), especially severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), is an extremely dangerous illness with a high mortality rate. Pyroptotic cells release their cellular contents and inflammatory factors, aggravating the inflammatory response. Pyroptosis may be the main mode of acinar cell death during AP. The circular RNA circHIPK3 is expressed in pancreatic tissue and is associated with inflammatory response. In this study, we focused on the role and underlying mechanism of circHIPK3 in AP. We found that the expression of circHIPK3 was significantly elevated in serum of patients with AP and in caerulein-stimulated AR42J cells and was associated with caspase-1 and caspase-11 activation. circHIPK3 silencing ameliorated caerulein-induced cell damage and reduced the release of inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and inhibited the activation of caspase-1 and caspase-11. In addition, circHIPK3 bound to miR-193a-5p and negatively regulated its expression. Inhibition of miR-193a-5p increased the release of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and activated caspase-1 and caspase-11, thereby counteracting the effect of circHIPK3 silencing on caerulein-induced cell damage. Furthermore, we identified GSDMD as a target gene of miR-193a-5p, which is the key gene for pyroptosis. Interfering with the expression of GSDMD can increase cell viability, reduce the secretion of inflammatory cytokines, and suppress the activation of cleaved caspase-1 and caspase-11. Silencing GSDMD reversed the effects of miR-193a-5p inhibitors on caerulein-induced damage. In conclusion, circHIPK3 promotes pyroptosis in acinar cells through regulation of the miR-193a-5p/GSDMD axis, which eventually aggravates AP disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunfei Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guangping Tu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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25
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Li L, Li YQ, Sun ZW, Xu CM, Wu J, Liu GL, Bakheet AMH, Chen HL. Qingyi decoction protects against myocardial injuries induced by severe acute pancreatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:1317-1328. [PMID: 32256019 PMCID: PMC7109276 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i12.1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We studied the protective effects of Qingyi decoction (QYD) (a Traditional Chinese Medicine) against severe acute pancreatitis (SAP)-induced myocardial infarction (MI).
AIM To study the function and mechanism of QYD in the treatment of myocardial injuries induced by SAP.
METHODS Ultrasonic cardiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR, western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and apoptosis staining techniques were used to determine the effects of QYD following SAP-induced MI in Sprague-Dawley rats.
RESULTS Our SAP model showed severe myocardial histological abnormalities and marked differences in the symptoms, mortality rate, and ultrasonic cardiography outputs among the different groups compared to the control. The expression of serum cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, amyloid β, and tumor necrosis factor-α] were significantly higher in the SAP versus QYD treated group (P < 0.05 for all). STIM1 and Orai1 expression in myocardial tissue extracts were significantly decreased post QYD gavage (P < 0.001). There was no significant histological difference between the 2-aminoethyl diphenylborinate inhibitor and QYD groups. The SAP group had a significantly higher apoptosis index score compared to the QYD group (P < 0.001).
CONCLUSION QYD conferred cardio-protection against SAP-induced MI by regulating myocardial-associated protein expression (STIM1 and Orai1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Yong-Qi Li
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 3058575, Japan
| | - Zhong-Wei Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian 116001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Cai-Ming Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Dalian 116021, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ge-Liang Liu
- Department of Urology Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ahmed MH Bakheet
- Department of Pathology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of San Yet-sen University, Guangzhou 510360, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hai-Long Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning Province, China
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26
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Li Y, Guo R, Zhang M, Chen P, Li J, Sun Y. Protective effect of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier integrity in rats with sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture. Exp Ther Med 2020; 19:3521-3530. [PMID: 32346413 PMCID: PMC7185184 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.8625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the protective effects of emodin on intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier integrity in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic rats and its possible mechanisms of action. Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=20 per group): Sham group, CLP group and CLP + emodin group. Animals were sacrificed at 12 and 24 h after the model was established. Abdominal aortic blood and specimens of the ileum were harvested for analysis. The histopathological changes in intestinal mucosa and the ultrastructures of intestinal epithelial cells were investigated using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The integrity of the intestinal barrier was assessed by examining plasma diamine oxidase (DAO) levels and the ratio of urine lactulose to mannitol (L/M). The levels of the intestinal TJ proteins claudin-3, zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin were detected using immunohistochemistry, western blotting and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. The results showed that the pathological damage to intestinal mucosa and the intestinal tissue injury score in the CLP + emodin group were significantly reduced compared to those of the CLP group, and the differences were more obvious at 24 h compared with 12 h. DAO activity and the L/M ratio in the emodin pre-treatment group decreased significantly at 24 h compared with the CLP groups. The protein and mRNA levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in the emodin pre-treatment groups at 12 and 24 h were increased, while occludin mRNA level was found to be decreased compared with the CLP groups. The present study suggested that emodin may significantly reduce the damage to the intestinal epithelial barrier in sepsis, inhibit intestinal barrier permeability and protect intestinal barrier integrity. Emodin may protect intestinal barrier integrity by elevating expression levels of the TJ proteins claudin-3, ZO-1 and occludin in CLP rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjun Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Ruimin Guo
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Zhang
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Jingxin Li
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
| | - Yanni Sun
- Department of Emergency, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China.,Department of Emergency, Shanghai Putuo Central School of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Shanghai 200062, P.R. China
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27
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Li X, Wu Y, Xu Z, Chen J, Li Y, Xing H, Zhang X, Yuan J. Effects of Hetiao Jianpi Decoction on Intestinal Injury and Repair in Rats with Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921745. [PMID: 32062668 PMCID: PMC7043351 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Through observing the changes of indexes of the intestinal mucosal barrier and intestinal flora in rats, we explored the mechanism by which Hetiao Jianpi Decoction (HTJPD) treats antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) by repairing intestinal mucosal injury and regulating intestinal flora. MATERIAL AND METHODS Samples of colon tissues were collected for HE staining. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess levels of diamine oxidase (DAO) and D-lactic acid in rat plasma and the expression of secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in colon tissue. We assessed the abundance of intestinal contents by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. RESULTS Compared with the Model group, the muscle layer and intestinal mucosal edema were improved, and the continuity was restored; the levels of DAO and D-lactic acid in plasma decreased, and the SIgA level were increased in the HTJPD group. The structure of the intestinal flora changed, as indicated by increased levels of certain beneficial bacteria (Verrucomicrobia, Actinobacteria, CF231, and Akkermansia), decreased levels of pathogenic bacteria (Spirochaetes and Treponema), and increased species diversity. CONCLUSIONS By improving the permeability and immune function of the intestinal mucosa, Hetiao Jianpi decoction prevented the occurrence of AAD by repairing the intestinal mucosal damage and regulating the structure and diversity of intestinal flora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yueying Wu
- College of First Clinical Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Zhenyuan Xu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Provincial Innovation Team of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Regulate Human Microecology, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Yuqing Li
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Provincial Innovation Team of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Regulate Human Microecology, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Haijing Xing
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Provincial Innovation Team of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Regulate Human Microecology, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland).,Provincial Innovation Team of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Regulate Human Microecology, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
| | - Jiali Yuan
- Provincial Innovation Team of Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine for Traditional Chinese Medicine to Regulate Human Microecology, Kunming, Yunnan, China (mainland)
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28
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Fan HN, Chen W, Fan LN, Wu JT, Zhu JS, Zhang J. Macrophages-derived p38α promotes the experimental severe acute pancreatitis by regulating inflammation and autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 77:105940. [PMID: 31655340 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a common threat to human health. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the underlying mechanisms by which p38α in macrophages contributes to SAP. We used conditional knockout of p38α in macrophages and p38 MAPK inhibitors to understand the effects of p38α in macrophages on caerulein-induced inflammatory responses in SAP mice models. METHODS AND MATERIALS Wild-type (WT) mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, SAP group, and SAP + p38MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) group, and mice with a conditional knockout (KO) of p38α in macrophages were included in a KO + SAP group. We evaluated pancreatic pathology and ultra-structure by hematoxylin and eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy. The pulmonary wet-to-dry weight ratio was calculated. The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were determined by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expression of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-18, MIF, and MCP-1 in pancreatic tissues were tested by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. The protein expression of p38, caspase-1, ULK1, LC3B and p62 in pancreatic tissues was examined by Western blotting. RESULTS The results indicated that the severity of SAP as well as the expression of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-17, IL-18 and MCP-1 were higher in the SAP group than those in the control group, but were lower in the SAP + SB203580 and KO + SAP groups as compared with the SAP group. The protein expression of p38, caspase-1, LC3B and p62 was increased in the SAP group than that in the control group, but this result was reversed in the SAP + SB203580 and KO + SAP groups as compared with the SAP group. In addition, the ULK1 level was significantly lower in the SAP group than that in the control group, but was increased in the SAP + SB203580 and KO + SAP groups as compared with the SAP group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated that, macrophage derived p38α promoted the experimental severe acute pancreatitis by regulating inflammation and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Ning Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Li-Na Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361004, China
| | - Jing-Tong Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jin-Shui Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China.
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29
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Emodin regulates neutrophil phenotypes to prevent hypercoagulation and lung carcinogenesis. J Transl Med 2019; 17:90. [PMID: 30885207 PMCID: PMC6423780 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-1838-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercoagulation and neutrophilia are described in several cancers, however, whether they are involved in lung carcinogenesis is currently unknown. Emodin is the main bioactive component from Rheum palmatum and has many medicinal values, such as anti-inflammation and anticancer. This study is to investigate the contributions of neutrophils to the effects of emodin on hypercoagulation and carcinogenesis. METHODS The effects of emodin on neutrophil phenotypes were assessed by cell proliferation, morphological changes, phagocytosis and autophagy in vitro. The anti-coagulation and cancer-preventing actions of emodin were evaluated in the urethane-induced lung carcinogenic model. The expressions of Cit-H3 and PAD4 in lung sections were assessed by immunohistochemistry, CD66b+ neutrophils were distinguished by immunofluorescence, and cytokines and ROS were examined with ELISA. The neutrophils-regulating and hypercoagulation-improving efficacies of emodin were confirmed in a Lewis lung cancer allograft model. The related targets and pathways of emodin were predicted by network pharmacology. RESULTS In vitro, emodin at the dose of 20 µM had no effect on cell viability in HL-60N1 but increased ROS and decreased autophagy and thus induced apoptosis in HL-60N2 with the morphological changes. In the urethane-induced lung carcinogenic model, before lung carcinogenesis, urethane induced obvious hypercoagulation which was positively correlated with lung N2 neutrophils. There were the aggravated hypercoagulation and lung N2 neutrophils after lung carcinoma lesions. Emodin treatment resulted in the ameliorated hypercoagulation and lung carcinogenesis accompanied by the decreased N2 neutrophils (CD66b+) in the alveolar cavity. ELISA showed that there were more IFN-γ, IL-12 and ROS and less IL-6, TNF-α and TGF-β1 in the alveolar cavity in the emodin group than those in the control group. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that emodin treatment decreased Cit-H3 and PAD4 in lung sections. In the Lewis lung cancer allograft model, emodin inhibits tumor growth accompanied by the attenuated coagulation and intratumor N2 neutrophils. Network pharmacology indicated the multi-target roles of emodin in N2 neutrophil activation. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a novel function of emodin, whereby it selectively suppresses N2 neutrophils to prevent hypercoagulation and lung carcinogenesis.
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30
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Li M, Zhang X, Wang B, Xu X, Wu X, Guo M, Wang F. Effect of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway on liver injury associated with severe acute pancreatitis in rats. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2013-2021. [PMID: 30186433 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling constitutes one of the major pathways for cytokine signal transduction. However, the role of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway in liver injury during severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in liver injury after SAP. In the present study 64 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Control, AG490 (inhibition of JAK2), SAP and SAP with AG490. SAP was induced by retrograde infusion of 4% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct. The activities of amylase (AMY) and liver enzymes were measured in serum. Livers and pancreas were isolated for measurements of histological damage. Blood and liver samples were taken for the measurement of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18 concentrations. The expression levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in liver tissue were detected by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting. The results demonstrated that amylase and liver enzymes were higher in the SAP groups compared with the control, AG490 and AG490-treated groups. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18 were effectively increased in the SAP groups, whereas they were reduced by AG490. Interestingly, JAK2 and STAT3 protein expression levels were significantly increased following induction of SAP and were significantly decreased in the AG490-pretreated groups. Administration of AG490 decreased the activity of pro-inflammatory cytokines and significantly attenuated SAP associated-liver injury in the rats. These results suggested that the mechanism may relate to the inhibition of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-18, and inhibiting excessive JAK2 and STAT3 activation, and may play a crucial role in the liver injury associated with SAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minli Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohua Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobing Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Meixia Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
| | - Fangyu Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanjing Medical University, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, P.R. China
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Liu W, Yuan Q, Guo S, Fu Z. Emodin in Severe Acute Pancreatitis Treatment. Chin Med 2017. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2017.84008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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