1
|
Doroodian P, Hua Z. The Ubiquitin Switch in Plant Stress Response. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:246. [PMID: 33514032 PMCID: PMC7911189 DOI: 10.3390/plants10020246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin is a 76 amino acid polypeptide common to all eukaryotic organisms. It functions as a post-translationally modifying mark covalently linked to a large cohort of yet poorly defined protein substrates. The resulting ubiquitylated proteins can rapidly change their activities, cellular localization, or turnover through the 26S proteasome if they are no longer needed or are abnormal. Such a selective modification is essential to many signal transduction pathways particularly in those related to stress responses by rapidly enhancing or quenching output. Hence, this modification system, the so-called ubiquitin-26S proteasome system (UPS), has caught the attention in the plant research community over the last two decades for its roles in plant abiotic and biotic stress responses. Through direct or indirect mediation of plant hormones, the UPS selectively degrades key components in stress signaling to either negatively or positively regulate plant response to a given stimulus. As a result, a tightly regulated signaling network has become of much interest over the years. The ever-increasing changes of the global climate require both the development of new crops to cope with rapid changing environment and new knowledge to survey the dynamics of ecosystem. This review examines how the ubiquitin can switch and tune plant stress response and poses potential avenues to further explore this system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paymon Doroodian
- Department of Environment and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| | - Zhihua Hua
- Department of Environment and Plant Biology, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA;
- Molecular and Cellular Biology Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zamlynska K, Komaniecka I, Zebracki K, Mazur A, Sroka-Bartnicka A, Choma A. Studies on lipid A isolated from Phyllobacterium trifolii PETP02 T lipopolysaccharide. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:1413-1433. [PMID: 28409238 PMCID: PMC5644692 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The structure of lipid A from lipopolysaccharide of Phyllobacterium trifolii PETP02T, a nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacterium, was studied. It was found that the lipid A backbone was composed of two 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxy-D-glucose (GlcpN3N) residues connected by a β-(1 → 6) glycosidic linkage, substituted by galacturonic acid (GalpA) at position C-1 and partly decorated by a phosphate residue at C-4' of the non-reducing GlcpN3N. Both diaminosugars were symmetrically substituted by 3-hydroxy fatty acids (14:0(3-OH) and 16:0(3-OH)). Ester-linked secondary acyl residues [i.e. 19:0cyc and 28:0(27-OH) or 28:0(27-4:0(3-OMe))] were located in the distal part of lipid A. A high similarity between the lipid A of P. trifolii and Mesorhizobium was observed and discussed from the perspective of the genetic context of both genomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zamlynska
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Iwona Komaniecka
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Kamil Zebracki
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Mazur
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Sroka-Bartnicka
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Choma
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
- Department of General Microbiology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Keller H, Boyer L, Abad P. Disease susceptibility in the Zig-Zag model of host-microbe interactions: only a consequence of immune suppression? MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2016; 17:475-9. [PMID: 26788791 PMCID: PMC6638450 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Harald Keller
- INRA, UMR 1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
- CNRS, UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice and Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
| | - Laurent Boyer
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice and Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
- INSERM, U1065 Centre Méditerranéen de Médecine Moléculaire, Toxines Microbiennes dans la relation hôte pathogènes, Nice 06200, France
| | - Pierre Abad
- INRA, UMR 1355 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
- CNRS, UMR 7254 Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
- Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice and Sophia Antipolis 06903, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Houshyani B, Kabouw P, Muth D, de Vos RCH, Bino RJ, Bouwmeester HJ. Characterization of the natural variation in Arabidopsis thaliana metabolome by the analysis of metabolic distance. Metabolomics 2012; 8:131-145. [PMID: 22593725 PMCID: PMC3337402 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-011-0375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2011] [Accepted: 10/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Metabolite fingerprinting is widely used to unravel the chemical characteristics of biological samples. Multivariate data analysis and other statistical tools are subsequently used to analyze and visualize the plasticity of the metabolome and/or the relationship between those samples. However, there are limitations to these approaches for example because of the multi-dimensionality of the data that makes interpretation of the data obtained from untargeted analysis almost impossible for an average human being. These limitations make the biological information that is of prime importance in untargeted studies be partially exploited. Even in the case of full exploitation, current methods for relationship elucidation focus mainly on between groups variation and differences. Therefore, a measure that is capable of exploiting both between- and within-group biological variation would be of great value. Here, we examined the natural variation in the metabolome of nine Arabidopsis thaliana accessions grown under various environmental conditions and established a measure for the metabolic distance between accessions and across environments. This data analysis approach shows that there is just a minor correlation between genetic and metabolic diversity of the nine accessions. On the other hand, it delivers so far in Arabidopsis unexplored chemical information and is shown to be biologically relevant for resistance studies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-011-0375-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benyamin Houshyani
- Plant Sciences Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Kabouw
- Terrestrial Ecology, NIOO-KNAW, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Dorota Muth
- Plant Research International, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ric C. H. de Vos
- Plant Research International, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Centre for Biosystems Genomics, P.O. Box 98, 6700 AB Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Metabolomics Centre, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Raoul J. Bino
- Plant Sciences Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harro J. Bouwmeester
- Plant Sciences Group, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 658, 6700 AR Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pearce G, Siems WF, Bhattacharya R, Chen YC, Ryan CA. Three hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides derived from a single petunia polyprotein precursor activate defensin I, a pathogen defense response gene. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:17777-84. [PMID: 17449475 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m701543200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydroxyproline-rich glycopeptides (HypSys peptides) are recently discovered 16-20-amino acid defense signals in tobacco and tomato leaves that are derived from cell wall-associated precursors. The peptides are powerful wound signals that activate the expression of defensive genes in tobacco and tomato leaves in response to herbivore attacks. We have isolated a cDNA from petunia (Petunia hybrida) leaves encoding a putative protein of 214 amino acids that is a homolog of tobacco and tomato HypSys peptide precursors and is inducible by wounding and MeJA. The deduced protein contains a leader sequence and four predicted proline-rich peptides of 18-21 amino acids. Three of the four peptides were isolated from leaves, and each peptide contained hydroxylated prolines and glycosyl residues. Each of the peptides has a -GR- motif at its N terminus, indicating that it may be the substrate site for a processing enzyme. The peptides were active in a petunia suspension culture bioassay at nanomolar concentrations, but they did not induce the expression of defense genes that are directed against herbivores, as found in tobacco and tomato leaves. They did, however, activate expression of defensin 1, a gene associated with inducible defense responses against pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Pearce
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6340, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ortutay C, Siermala M, Vihinen M. Molecular characterization of the immune system: emergence of proteins, processes, and domains. Immunogenetics 2007; 59:333-48. [PMID: 17294181 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-007-0191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 01/08/2007] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Many genes and proteins are required to carry out the processes of innate and adaptive immunity. For many studies, including systems biology, it is necessary to have a clear and comprehensive definition of the immune system, including the genes and proteins that take part in immunological processes. We have identified and cataloged a large portion of the human immunology-related genes, which we call the essential immunome. The 847 identified genes and proteins were annotated, and their chromosomal localizations were compared to the mouse genome. Relation to disease was also taken into account. We identified numerous pseudogenes, many of which are expressed, and found two putative new genes. We also carried out an evolutionary analysis of immune processes based on gene orthologs to gain an overview of the evolutionary past and molecular present of the human immune system. A list of genes and proteins were compiled. A comprehensive characterization of the member genes and proteins, including the corresponding pseudogenes is presented. Immunome genes were found to have three types of emergence in independent studies of their ontologies, domains, and functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Ortutay
- Institute of Medical Technology, University of Tampere, 33014, Tampere, Finland
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yamaguchi Y, Pearce G, Ryan CA. The cell surface leucine-rich repeat receptor for AtPep1, an endogenous peptide elicitor in Arabidopsis, is functional in transgenic tobacco cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:10104-9. [PMID: 16785433 PMCID: PMC1502513 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0603729103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
AtPep1 is a 23-aa endogenous peptide elicitor from Arabidopsis leaves that signals the activation of components of the innate immune response against pathogens. Here, we report the isolation of an AtPep1 receptor from the surface of Arabidopsis suspension-cultured cells. An (125)I-labeled AtPep1 analog interacted with suspension-cultured Arabidopsis with a K(d) of 0.25 nM, and an (125)I-labeled azido-Cys-AtPep1 photoaffinity analog specifically labeled a membrane-associated protein of approximately 170 kDa. The labeled protein was purified to homogeneity, and its tryptic peptides were identified as gene At1g73080, which encodes a leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase, here called PEPR1. Verification of the binding protein as the receptor for AtPep1 was established by demonstrating the loss of function of microsomal membranes of two SALK insertional mutants and by a gain in function of the alkalinization response to AtPep1 by tobacco suspension-cultured cells expressing the At1g73080 transgene. Synthetic homologs of AtPep1, deduced from the C termini of six known paralogs of PROPEP1, were biologically active and were competitors of the interaction of an AtPep1 radiolabeled analog with the receptor. The data are consistent with a role for PEPR1 as the receptor for AtPep1 to amplify innate immunity in response to pathogen attacks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yube Yamaguchi
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washingston State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340
| | - Gregory Pearce
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washingston State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340
| | - Clarence A. Ryan
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washingston State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Moeller DA, Tiffin P. Genetic diversity and the evolutionary history of plant immunity genes in two species of Zea. Mol Biol Evol 2005; 22:2480-90. [PMID: 16120802 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msi247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant pathogenesis-related genes (PR genes) code for enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, and other peptides that confer resistance to pathogens and herbivores. Although several PR genes have been the subject of molecular population genetic analyses, a general understanding of their long-term evolutionary dynamics remains incomplete. Here we analyze sequence data from 17 PR genes from two closely related teosinte species of central Mexico. In addition to testing whether patterns of diversity at individual loci depart from expectations under a neutral model, we compared patterns of diversity at defense genes, as a class, to nondefense genes. In Zea diploperennis, the majority of defense genes have patterns of diversity consistent with neutral expectations while at least two genes showed evidence of recent positive selection consistent with arms-race models of antagonistic coevolution. In Zea mays ssp. parviglumis, by contrast, analyses of both defense and nondefense genes revealed strong and consistent departures from the neutral model, suggestive of nonequilibrium population dynamics or population structure. Nevertheless, we found a significant excess of replacement polymorphism in defense genes compared to nondefense genes. Although we cannot exclude relaxed selective constraint as an explanation, our results are consistent with temporally variable (transient or episodic) selection or geographically variable selection acting on parviglumis defense genes. The different patterns of diversity found in the two Zea species may be explained by parviglumis' greater distribution and population structure together with geographic variation in selection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David A Moeller
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Albrecht M, Domingues FS, Schreiber S, Lengauer T. Structural localization of disease-associated sequence variations in the NACHT and LRR domains of PYPAF1 and NOD2. FEBS Lett 2003; 554:520-8. [PMID: 14623123 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(03)01222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Several autoinflammatory diseases with distinct clinical manifestations have been associated with sequence variations in the gene products PYPAF1/CIAS1 and NOD2/CARD15. Both proteins belong to the PYD/CARD-containing family of apoptosis regulators and activators of pro-inflammatory caspases. To gain insight into the dysfunctional role of sequence alterations, we assembled a structure-based multiple sequence alignment of family members and related proteins. This allowed us to analyze the putative effect of the alterations on the function of nucleotide-binding (NACHT) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains shared by the family members. In support of this analysis, we carefully selected template structures for the NACHT and LRR domains and mapped the genetic variations onto 3D domain models. Additionally, we propose a model of the NACHT and LRR domain complex. Our study revealed that many of the disease-associated sequence variants are located close to highly conserved sequence regions of functional relevance and are spatially adjacent in the predicted 3D structure. The implications on the domain functions such as NTP-hydrolysis or oligomerization are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Albrecht
- Max-Planck-Institute for Informatics, Stuhlsatzenhausweg 85, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|