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González-Arzola K. The nucleolus: Coordinating stress response and genomic stability. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2024; 1867:195029. [PMID: 38642633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2024.195029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
The perception that the nucleoli are merely the organelles where ribosome biogenesis occurs is challenged. Only around 30 % of nucleolar proteins are solely involved in producing ribosomes. Instead, the nucleolus plays a critical role in controlling protein trafficking during stress and, according to its dynamic nature, undergoes continuous protein exchange with nucleoplasm under various cellular stressors. Hence, the concept of nucleolar stress has evolved as cellular insults that disrupt the structure and function of the nucleolus. Considering the emerging role of this organelle in DNA repair and the fact that rDNAs are the most fragile genomic loci, therapies targeting the nucleoli are increasingly being developed. Besides, drugs that target ribosome synthesis and induce nucleolar stress can be used in cancer therapy. In contrast, agents that regulate nucleolar activity may be a potential treatment for neurodegeneration caused by abnormal protein accumulation in the nucleolus. Here, I explore the roles of nucleoli beyond their ribosomal functions, highlighting the factors triggering nucleolar stress and their impact on genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katiuska González-Arzola
- Centro Andaluz de Biología Molecular y Medicina Regenerativa (CABIMER), Universidad de Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Junta de Andalucía, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41092 Seville, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain.
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2
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Zacchini F, Barozzi C, Venturi G, Montanaro L. How snoRNAs can contribute to cancer at multiple levels. NAR Cancer 2024; 6:zcae005. [PMID: 38406265 PMCID: PMC10894041 DOI: 10.1093/narcan/zcae005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
snoRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs known to guide site specifically RNA modifications such as 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation. Recent results regarding snoRNA alterations in cancer has been made available and suggest their potential evaluation as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. A large part of these data, however, was not consistently confirmed and failed to provide mechanistic insights on the contribution of altered snoRNA expression to the neoplastic process. Here, we aim to critically review the available literature on snoRNA in cancer focusing on the studies elucidating the functional consequences of their deregulation. Beyond the canonical guide function in RNA processing and modification we also considered additional roles in which snoRNA, in various forms and through different modalities, are involved and that have been recently reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Zacchini
- Departmental Program in Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Chiara Barozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna I-40138, Italy
| | - Giulia Venturi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna I-40138, Italy
- Centre for Applied Biomedical Research – CRBA, University of Bologna, Sant’Orsola Hospital, Bologna I-40138, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Montanaro
- Departmental Program in Laboratory Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Via Albertoni 15, I-40138 Bologna, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna, Bologna I-40138, Italy
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3
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Batnasan E, Kärkkäinen M, Koivukoski S, Sadeesh N, Tollis S, Ruusuvuori P, Scaravilli M, Latonen L. Platinum-based drugs induce phenotypic alterations in nucleoli and Cajal bodies in prostate cancer cells. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:29. [PMID: 38218884 PMCID: PMC10790272 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-03205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Platinum-based drugs are cytotoxic drugs commonly used in cancer treatment. They cause DNA damage, effects of which on chromatin and cellular responses are relatively well described. Yet, the nuclear stress responses related to RNA processing are incompletely known and may be relevant for the heterogeneity with which cancer cells respond to these drugs. Here, we determine the type and extent of nuclear stress responses of prostate cancer cells to clinically relevant platinum drugs. METHODS We study nucleolar and Cajal body (CB) responses to cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin with immunofluorescence-based methods in prostate cancer cells. We utilize organelle-specific markers NPM, Fibrillarin, Coilin, and SMN1, and study CB-regulatory proteins FUS and TDP-43 using siRNA-mediated downregulation. RESULTS Different types of prostate cancer cells have different sensitivities to platinum drugs. With equally cytotoxic doses, cisplatin, and oxaliplatin induce prominent nucleolar and CB stress responses while the nuclear stress phenotypes to carboplatin are milder. We find that Coilin is a stress-specific marker for platinum drug response heterogeneity. We also find that CB-associated, stress-responsive RNA binding proteins FUS and TDP-43 control Coilin and CB biology in prostate cancer cells and, further, that TDP-43 is associated with stress-responsive CBs in prostate cancer cells. CONCLUSION Our findings provide insight into the heterologous responses of prostate cancer cells to different platinum drug treatments and indicate Coilin and TDP-43 as stress mediators in the varied outcomes. These results help understand cancer drug responses at a cellular level and have implications in tackling heterogeneity in cancer treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhzaya Batnasan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minttu Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sonja Koivukoski
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Nithin Sadeesh
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sylvain Tollis
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | | | - Mauro Scaravilli
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leena Latonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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4
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Yaseen MM, Abuharfeil NM, Darmani H. The Role of p53 in HIV Infection. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep 2023; 20:419-427. [PMID: 38010468 DOI: 10.1007/s11904-023-00684-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review aims to elucidate the multifaceted role of the tumor suppressor protein p53 in the context of HIV infection. We explore how p53, a pivotal regulator of cellular processes, interacts with various facets of the HIV life cycle. Understanding these interactions could provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic interventions and the broader implications of p53 in viral infections. RECENT FINDINGS Recent research has unveiled a complex interplay between p53 and HIV. Several reports have highlighted the involvement of p53 in restricting the replication of HIV within both immune and nonimmune cells. Various mechanisms have been suggested to unveil how p53 enforces this restriction on HIV replication. However, HIV has developed strategies to manipulate p53, benefiting its replication and evading host defenses. In summary, p53 plays a multifaceted role in HIV infection, impacting viral replication and disease progression. Recent findings underscore the importance of understanding the intricate interactions between p53 and HIV for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches. Manipulating p53 pathways may offer potential avenues to suppress viral replication and ameliorate immune dysfunction, ultimately contributing to the management of HIV/AIDS. Further research is warranted to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of p53 in the context of HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Mohammad Yaseen
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
| | - Nizar Mohammad Abuharfeil
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
| | - Homa Darmani
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan
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5
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Li X, Wang P, Wang C, Jin T, Xu R, Tong L, Hu X, Shen L, Li J, Zhou Y, Liu T. Discovery of 2-Aminopyrimidine Derivatives as Potent Dual FLT3/CHK1 Inhibitors with Significantly Reduced hERG Inhibitory Activities. J Med Chem 2023; 66:11792-11814. [PMID: 37584545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
FLT3 inhibitors as single agents have limited effects because of acquired and adaptive resistance and the cardiotoxicity related to human ether-a-go-go-related gene (hERG) channel blockade further impedes safe drugs to the market. Inhibitors having potential to overcome resistance and reduce hERG affinity are highly demanded. Here, we reported a dual FLT3/CHK1 inhibitor 18, which displayed potencies to overcome varying acquired resistance in BaF3 cells with FLT3-TKD and FLT3-ITD-TKD mutations. Moreover, 18 displayed high selectivity over c-KIT more than 1700-fold and greatly reduced hERG affinity, with an IC50 value of 58.4 μM. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated 18 can upregulate p53 and abolish the outgrowth of adaptive resistant cells. In the in vivo studies, 18 demonstrated favorable PK profiles and good safety, suppressed the tumor growth in the MV-4-11 cell inoculated mouse xenograft model, and prolonged the survival in the Molm-13 transplantation model, supporting its further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Li
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Chang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
| | - Tingting Jin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310006, P.R. China
| | - Ran Xu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Lexian Tong
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310018, P. R. China
| | - Xiaobei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District,Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
| | - Liteng Shen
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, P.R. China
| | - Jia Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District,Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District,Guangdong 528400, P. R. China
| | - Tao Liu
- ZJU-ENS Joint Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P.R. China
- Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310058, P.R. China
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6
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Strachotová D, Holoubek A, Wolfová K, Brodská B, Heřman P. Cytoplasmic localization of Mdm2 in cells expressing mutated NPM is mediated by p53. FEBS J 2023; 290:4281-4299. [PMID: 37119456 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Specific C-terminal nucleophosmin (NPM) mutations are related to the acute myeloid leukaemia and cause mistargeting of mutated NPM (NPMmut) to the cytoplasm. Consequently, multiple NPM-interacting partners, e.g., the tumour suppressor p53, become also mislocalized. We found that ubiquitin ligase Mdm2 mislocalizes to the cytoplasm in the presence of NPMmut as well. Since p53 interacts with Mdm2, we searched for the NPMmut-p53-Mdm2 complex and interactions of its constituents in live cells and cell lysates using fluorescently tagged proteins, fluorescence lifetime imaging and immunoprecipitation. We proved existence of the ternary complex, which likely adopts a chain-like configuration. Interaction between Mdm2 and NPMmut was not detected, even under conditions of upregulated Mdm2 and p53 induced by Actinomycin D. We assume that p53 serves in the complex as a bridging link between Mdm2 and NPMmut. This conclusion was supported by disruption of the Mdm2-p53 interaction by Nutlin-3A, which resulted in relocalization of Mdm2 to the nucleus, while both NPMmut and p53 remained in the cytoplasm. Importantly, silencing of p53 also prevented mislocalization of Mdm2 in the presence of NPMmut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dita Strachotová
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Holoubek
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Wolfová
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Brodská
- Department of Proteomics, Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Heřman
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Charles University, Prague 2, Czech Republic
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7
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Nguyen T, Mills JC, Cho CJ. The coordinated management of ribosome and translation during injury and regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1186638. [PMID: 37427381 PMCID: PMC10325863 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1186638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Diverse acute and chronic injuries induce damage responses in the gastrointestinal (GI) system, and numerous cell types in the gastrointestinal tract demonstrate remarkable resilience, adaptability, and regenerative capacity in response to stress. Metaplasias, such as columnar and secretory cell metaplasia, are well-known adaptations that these cells make, the majority of which are epidemiologically associated with an elevated cancer risk. On a number of fronts, it is now being investigated how cells respond to injury at the tissue level, where diverse cell types that differ in proliferation capacity and differentiation state cooperate and compete with one another to participate in regeneration. In addition, the cascades or series of molecular responses that cells show are just beginning to be understood. Notably, the ribosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that is essential for translation on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and in the cytoplasm, is recognized as the central organelle during this process. The highly regulated management of ribosomes as key translational machinery, and their platform, rough endoplasmic reticulum, are not only essential for maintaining differentiated cell identity, but also for achieving successful cell regeneration after injury. This review will cover in depth how ribosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, and translation are regulated and managed in response to injury (e.g., paligenosis), as well as why this is essential for the proper adaptation of a cell to stress. For this, we will first discuss how multiple gastrointestinal organs respond to stress through metaplasia. Next, we will cover how ribosomes are generated, maintained, and degraded, in addition to the factors that govern translation. Finally, we will investigate how ribosomes and translation machinery are dynamically regulated in response to injury. Our increased understanding of this overlooked cell fate decision mechanism will facilitate the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal tract tumors, focusing on ribosomes and translation machinery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jason C. Mills
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Charles J. Cho
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
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8
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Challakkara MF, Chhabra R. snoRNAs in hematopoiesis and blood malignancies: A comprehensive review. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1207-1225. [PMID: 37183323 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are noncoding RNA molecules of highly variable size, usually ranging from 60 to 150 nucleotides. They are classified into H/ACA box snoRNAs, C/D box snoRNAs, and scaRNAs. Their functional profile includes biogenesis of ribosomes, processing of rRNAs, 2'-O-methylation and pseudouridylation of RNAs, alternative splicing and processing of mRNAs and the generation of small RNA molecules like miRNA. The snoRNAs have been observed to have an important role in hematopoiesis and malignant hematopoietic conditions including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma. Blood malignancies arise in immune system cells or the bone marrow due to chromosome abnormalities. It has been estimated that annually over 1.25 million cases of blood cancer occur worldwide. The snoRNAs often show a differential expression profile in blood malignancies. Recent reports associate the abnormal expression of snoRNAs with the inhibition of apoptosis, uncontrolled cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. This implies that targeting snoRNAs could be a potential way to treat hematologic malignancies. In this review, we describe the various functions of snoRNAs, their role in hematopoiesis, and the consequences of their dysregulation in blood malignancies. We also evaluate the potential of the dysregulated snoRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for blood malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Fahad Challakkara
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Ravindresh Chhabra
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
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9
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Liang F, Luo Q, Han H, Zhang J, Yang Y, Chen J. Long noncoding RNA LINC01088 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by targeting the NPM1-HDM2-p53 axis. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2023; 55:367-381. [PMID: 36942988 PMCID: PMC10160232 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2023021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is characterized by extensive metastasis and poor prognosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in ESCC. However, the specific roles of lncRNAs in ESCC tumorigenesis and metastasis remain largely unknown. Here, we investigate LINC01088 in ESCC. Differentially expressed LINC01088 levels are screened from the GEO database. We find that LINC01088 is expressed at low level in collected clinical samples and is correlated with vascular tumor emboli and poor overall survival time of patients after surgery. LINC01088 inhibits not only ESCC cell migration and invasion in vitro, but also tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, LINC01088 directly interacts with nucleophosmin (NPM1) and increases the expression of NPM1 in the nucleoplasm compared to that in the nucleolar region. LINC01088 decreases mutant p53 (mut-p53) expression and rescues the transcriptional activity of p53 by targeting the NPM1-HDM2-p53 axis. LINC01088 may also interfere with the DNA repair function of NPM1 by affecting its translocation. Our results highlight the potential of LINC01088 as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Qiuli Luo
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Haibo Han
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jianzhi Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Yue Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
| | - Jinfeng Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery II, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing 100142, China
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10
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Chin L, Wong CYG, Gill H. Targeting and Monitoring Acute Myeloid Leukaemia with Nucleophosmin-1 ( NPM1) Mutation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043161. [PMID: 36834572 PMCID: PMC9958584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in NPM1, also known as nucleophosmin-1, B23, NO38, or numatrin, are seen in approximately one-third of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). A plethora of treatment strategies have been studied to determine the best possible approach to curing NPM1-mutated AML. Here, we introduce the structure and function of NPM1 and describe the application of minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring using molecular methods by means of quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), droplet digital PCR (ddPCR), next-generation sequencing (NGS), and cytometry by time of flight (CyTOF) to target NPM1-mutated AML. Current drugs, now regarded as the standard of care for AML, as well as potential drugs still under development, will also be explored. This review will focus on the role of targeting aberrant NPM1 pathways such as BCL-2 and SYK; as well as epigenetic regulators (RNA polymerase), DNA intercalators (topoisomerase II), menin inhibitors, and hypomethylating agents. Aside from medication, the effects of stress on AML presentation have been reported, and some possible mechanisms outlined. Moreover, targeted strategies will be briefly discussed, not only for the prevention of abnormal trafficking and localisation of cytoplasmic NPM1 but also for the elimination of mutant NPM1 proteins. Lastly, the advancement of immunotherapy such as targeting CD33, CD123, and PD-1 will be mentioned.
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11
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Feng Y, Han Y, Hu A, Qu Y, Hu Y, Wu H, Wang X, He L. Heliangin acts as a covalent ligand of RPS2 that disrupts pre-rRNA metabolic processes in NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:598-617. [PMID: 36873185 PMCID: PMC9979090 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Although NPM1 mutations are frequently found in acute myeloid leukemia patients, therapeutic strategies are scarce and unsuitable for those who cannot tolerate intensive chemotherapy. Here we demonstrated that heliangin, a natural sesquiterpene lactone, exerts favorable therapeutic responses in NPM1 mutant acute myeloid leukemia cells, with no apparent toxicity to normal hematogenous cells, by inhibiting their proliferation, inducing apoptosis, causing cell cycle arrest, and promoting differentiation. In-depth studies on its mode of action using quantitative thiol reactivity platform screening and subsequent molecular biology validation showed that the ribosomal protein S2 (RPS2) is the main target of heliangin in treating NPM1 mutant AML. Upon covalent binding to the C222 site of RPS2, the electrophilic moieties of heliangin disrupt pre-rRNA metabolic processes, leading to nucleolar stress, which in turn regulates the ribosomal proteins-MDM2-p53 pathway and stabilizes p53. Clinical data shows that the pre-rRNA metabolic pathway is dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia patients with the NPM1 mutation, leading to a poor prognosis. We found that RPS2 plays a critical role in regulating this pathway and may be a novel treatment target. Our findings suggest a novel treatment strategy and lead compound for acute myeloid leukemia patients, especially those with NPM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yefan Han
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Anni Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yi Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Yili Hu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xinzhi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China.,China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Research and Development in Marine Bio-resource Pharmaceutics, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Li He
- Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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Sakthivel D, Brown-Suedel A, Bouchier-Hayes L. The role of the nucleolus in regulating the cell cycle and the DNA damage response. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2023; 135:203-241. [PMID: 37061332 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
The nucleolus has long been perceived as the site for ribosome biogenesis, but numerous studies suggest that the nucleolus carefully sequesters crucial proteins involved in multiple cellular functions. Among these, the role of nucleolus in cell cycle regulation is the most evident. The nucleolus is the first responder of growth-related signals to mediate normal cell cycle progression. The nucleolus also senses different cellular stress insults by activating diverse pathways that arrest the cell cycle, promote DNA repair, or initiate apoptosis. Here, we review the emerging concepts on how the ribosomal and nonribosomal nucleolar proteins mediate such cellular effects.
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13
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Calls A, Torres‐Espin A, Tormo M, Martínez‐Escardó L, Bonet N, Casals F, Navarro X, Yuste VJ, Udina E, Bruna J. A transient inflammatory response contributes to oxaliplatin neurotoxicity in mice. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2022; 9:1985-1998. [PMID: 36369764 PMCID: PMC9735376 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.51691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Peripheral neuropathy is a relevant dose-limiting adverse event that can affect up to 90% of oncologic patients with colorectal cancer receiving oxaliplatin treatment. The severity of neurotoxicity often leads to dose reduction or even premature cessation of chemotherapy. Unfortunately, the limited knowledge about the molecular mechanisms related to oxaliplatin neurotoxicity leads to a lack of effective treatments to prevent the development of this clinical condition. In this context, the present work aimed to determine the exact molecular mechanisms involved in the development of oxaliplatin neurotoxicity in a murine model to try to find new therapeutical targets. METHODS By single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we studied the transcriptomic profile of sensory neurons and satellite glial cells (SGC) of the Dorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) from a well-characterized mouse model of oxaliplatin neurotoxicity. RESULTS Analysis of scRNA-seq data pointed to modulation of inflammatory processes in response to oxaliplatin treatment. In this line, we observed increased levels of NF-kB p65 protein, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and immune cell infiltration in DRGs and peripheral nerves of oxaliplatin-treated mice, which was accompanied by mechanical allodynia and decrease in sensory nerve amplitudes. INTERPRETATION Our data show that, in addition to the well-described DNA damage, oxaliplatin neurotoxicity is related to an exacerbated pro-inflammatory response in DRG and peripheral nerves, and open new insights in the development of anti-inflammatory strategies as a treatment for preventing peripheral neuropathy induced by oxaliplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Calls
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain,Biomedical Research Center Network on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)BellaterraSpain
| | - Abel Torres‐Espin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Brain and Spinal Injury CenterUniversity of California San FranciscoSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marc Tormo
- Genomics Core Facility, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la SalutUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Scientific IT Core Facility, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la SalutUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Laura Martínez‐Escardó
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Núria Bonet
- Genomics Core Facility, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la SalutUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Ferran Casals
- Genomics Core Facility, Departament de Ciències Experimentals i de la SalutUniversitat Pompeu Fabra, Parc de Recerca Biomèdica de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain,Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Facultat de BiologiaUniversitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Xavier Navarro
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain,Biomedical Research Center Network on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)BellaterraSpain
| | - Víctor J. Yuste
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain
| | - Esther Udina
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain,Biomedical Research Center Network on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)BellaterraSpain
| | - Jordi Bruna
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology, and Immunology, Institute of NeuroscienceUniversitat Autònoma de BarcelonaBellaterraSpain,Biomedical Research Center Network on Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED)BellaterraSpain,Unit of Neuro‐Oncology, Hospital Universitari de BellvitgeBellvitge Institute for Biomedical Research (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de LlobregatBarcelonaSpain
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14
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Florio D, Roviello V, La Manna S, Napolitano F, Maria Malfitano A, Marasco D. Small molecules enhancers of amyloid aggregation of C-terminal domain of Nucleophosmin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia. Bioorg Chem 2022; 127:106001. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Nucleolus and Nucleolar Stress: From Cell Fate Decision to Disease Development. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193017. [PMID: 36230979 PMCID: PMC9563748 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides the canonical function in ribosome biogenesis, there have been significant recent advances towards the fascinating roles of the nucleolus in stress response, cell destiny decision and disease progression. Nucleolar stress, an emerging concept describing aberrant nucleolar structure and function as a result of impaired rRNA synthesis and ribosome biogenesis under stress conditions, has been linked to a variety of signaling transductions, including but not limited to Mdm2-p53, NF-κB and HIF-1α pathways. Studies have uncovered that nucleolus is a stress sensor and signaling hub when cells encounter various stress conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, DNA damage and oxidative and thermal stress. Consequently, nucleolar stress plays a pivotal role in the determination of cell fate, such as apoptosis, senescence, autophagy and differentiation, in response to stress-induced damage. Nucleolar homeostasis has been involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, particularly tumorigenesis, neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Mechanistic insights have revealed the indispensable role of nucleolus-initiated signaling in the progression of these diseases. Accordingly, the intervention of nucleolar stress may pave the path for developing novel therapies against these diseases. In this review, we systemically summarize recent findings linking the nucleolus to stress responses, signaling transduction and cell-fate decision, set the spotlight on the mechanisms by which nucleolar stress drives disease progression, and highlight the merit of the intervening nucleolus in disease treatment.
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16
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Lacroix E, Audas TE. Keeping up with the condensates: The retention, gain, and loss of nuclear membrane-less organelles. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:998363. [PMID: 36203874 PMCID: PMC9530788 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.998363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, a growing number of biomolecular condensates have been identified in eukaryotic cells. These structures form through phase separation and have been linked to a diverse array of cellular processes. While a checklist of established membrane-bound organelles is present across the eukaryotic domain, less is known about the conservation of membrane-less subcellular structures. Many of these structures can be seen throughout eukaryotes, while others are only thought to be present in metazoans or a limited subset of species. In particular, the nucleus is a hub of biomolecular condensates. Some of these subnuclear domains have been found in a broad range of organisms, which is a characteristic often attributed to essential functionality. However, this does not always appear to be the case. For example, the nucleolus is critical for ribosomal biogenesis and is present throughout the eukaryotic domain, while the Cajal bodies are believed to be similarly conserved, yet these structures are dispensable for organismal survival. Likewise, depletion of the Drosophila melanogaster omega speckles reduces viability, despite the apparent absence of this domain in higher eukaryotes. By reviewing primary research that has analyzed the presence of specific condensates (nucleoli, Cajal bodies, amyloid bodies, nucleolar aggresomes, nuclear speckles, nuclear paraspeckles, nuclear stress bodies, PML bodies, omega speckles, NUN bodies, mei2 dots) in a cross-section of organisms (e.g., human, mouse, D. melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, yeast), we adopt a human-centric view to explore the emergence, retention, and absence of a subset of nuclear biomolecular condensates. This overview is particularly important as numerous biomolecular condensates have been linked to human disease, and their presence in additional species could unlock new and well characterized model systems for health research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Lacroix
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Timothy E. Audas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Timothy E. Audas,
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17
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Non-Coding RNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. LIVERS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/livers2030017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer ranks as the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite extensive research efforts aiming to evaluate the biological mechanisms underlying hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development, little has been translated towards new diagnostic and treatment options for HCC patients. Historically, the focus has been centered on coding RNAs and their respective proteins. However, significant advances in sequencing and RNA detection technologies have shifted the research focus towards non-coding RNAs (ncRNA), as well as their impact on HCC development and progression. A number of studies reported complex post-transcriptional interactions between various ncRNA and coding RNA molecules. These interactions offer insights into the role of ncRNAs in both the known pathways leading to oncogenesis, such as dysregulation of p53, and lesser-known mechanisms, such as small nucleolar RNA methylation. Studies investigating these mechanisms have identified prevalent ncRNA changes in microRNAs, snoRNAs, and long non-coding RNAs that can both pre- and post-translationally regulate key factors in HCC progression. In this review, we present relevant publications describing ncRNAs to summarize the impact of different ncRNA species on liver cancer development and progression and to evaluate recent attempts at clinical translation.
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18
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Small Nucleolar RNAs and Their Comprehensive Biological Functions in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172654. [PMID: 36078062 PMCID: PMC9454744 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are a class of highly conserved, stable non-coding RNAs involved in both post-transcriptional modification of RNA and in ribosome biogenesis. Recent research shows that the dysfunction of snoRNAs plays a pivotal role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and related etiologies, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Growing evidence suggests that snoRNAs act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through multiple mechanisms. Furthermore, snoRNAs are characterized by their stability in body fluids and their clinical relevance and represent promising tools as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. SnoRNAs represent an emerging area of cancer research. In this review, we summarize the classification, biogenesis, activity, and functions of snoRNAs, as well as highlight the mechanism and roles of snoRNAs in HCC and related diseases. Our findings will aid in the understanding of complex processes of tumor occurrence and development, as well as suggest potential diagnostic markers and treatment targets. Furthermore, we discuss several limitations and suggest future research and application directions.
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19
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Chousakos E, Katsoulas N, Kavantzas N, Stratigos A, Lazaris AC. The role of dual-specificity phosphatase 3 in melanocytic oncogenesis. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1466-1476. [PMID: 35899430 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3), also known as Vaccinia H1-related phosphatase, is a protein tyrosine phosphatase that typically performs its major role in the regulation of multiple cellular functions through the dephosphorylation of its diverse and constantly expanding range of substrates. Many of the substrates described so far as well as alterations in the expression or the activity of DUSP3 itself are associated with the development and progression of various types of neoplasms, indicating that DUSP3 may be an important player in oncogenesis and a promising therapeutic target. This review focuses exclusively on DUSP3's contribution to either benign or malignant melanocytic oncogenesis, as many of the established culprit pathways and mechanisms constitute DUSP3's regulatory targets, attempting to synthesize the current knowledge on the matter. The spectrum of the DUSP3 interactions analyzed in this review covers substrates implicated in cellular growth, cell cycle, proliferation, survival, apoptosis, genomic stability/repair, adhesion and migration of tumor melanocytes. Furthermore, the speculations raised, based on the evidence to date, may be considered a fundament for potential research regarding the oncogenesis, evolution, management and therapeutics of melanocytic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Chousakos
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Nikolaos Katsoulas
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Nikolaos Kavantzas
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Alexandros Stratigos
- 1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, "Andreas Syggros" Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
| | - Andreas C Lazaris
- 1st Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens
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20
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Temaj G, Saha S, Dragusha S, Ejupi V, Buttari B, Profumo E, Beqa L, Saso L. Ribosomopathies and cancer: pharmacological implications. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:729-746. [PMID: 35787725 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2098110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The ribosome is a ribonucleoprotein organelle responsible for protein synthesis, and its biogenesis is a highly coordinated process that involves many macromolecular components. Any acquired or inherited impairment in ribosome biogenesis or ribosomopathies is associated with the development of different cancers and rare genetic diseases. Interference with multiple steps of protein synthesis has been shown to promote tumor cell death. AREAS COVERED We discuss the current insights about impaired ribosome biogenesis and their secondary consequences on protein synthesis, transcriptional and translational responses, proteotoxic stress, and other metabolic pathways associated with cancer and rare diseases. Studies investigating the modulation of different therapeutic chemical entities targeting cancer in in vitro and in vivo models have also been detailed. EXPERT OPINION Despite the association between inherited mutations affecting ribosome biogenesis and cancer biology, the development of therapeutics targeting the essential cellular machinery has only started to emerge. New chemical entities should be designed to modulate different checkpoints (translating oncoproteins, dysregulation of specific ribosome-assembly machinery, ribosomal stress, and rewiring ribosomal functions). Although safe and effective therapies are lacking, consideration should also be given to using existing drugs alone or in combination for long-term safety, with known risks for feasibility in clinical trials and synergistic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarmistha Saha
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Valon Ejupi
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Brigitta Buttari
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Profumo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Endocrine-metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Lule Beqa
- College UBT, Faculty of Pharmacy, Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology "Vittorio Erspamer", Sapienza University of Rome, Italy
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21
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Trifault B, Mamontova V, Burger K. In vivo Proximity Labeling of Nuclear and Nucleolar Proteins by a Stably Expressed, DNA Damage-Responsive NONO-APEX2 Fusion Protein. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:914873. [PMID: 35733943 PMCID: PMC9207311 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.914873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular stress can induce DNA lesions that threaten the stability of genes. The DNA damage response (DDR) recognises and repairs broken DNA to maintain genome stability. Intriguingly, components of nuclear paraspeckles like the non-POU domain containing octamer-binding protein (NONO) participate in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). NONO is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein (RBP) that facilitates the retention and editing of messenger (m)RNA as well as pre-mRNA processing. However, the role of NONO in the DDR is poorly understood. Here, we establish a novel human U2OS cell line that expresses NONO fused to the engineered ascorbate peroxidase 2 (U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA). We show that NONO-APEX2-HA accumulates in the nucleolus in response to DNA damage. Combining viability assays, subcellular localisation studies, coimmunoprecipitation experiments and in vivo proximity labeling, we demonstrate that NONO-APEX2-HA is a stably expressed fusion protein that mimics endogenous NONO in terms of expression, localisation and bona fide interactors. We propose that in vivo proximity labeling in U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA cells is capable for the assessment of NONO interactomes by downstream assays. U2OS:NONO-APEX2-HA cells will likely be a valuable resource for the investigation of NONO interactome dynamics in response to DNA damage and other stimuli.
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22
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Liu Y, Li C, Fang L, Wang L, Liu H, Tian H, zheng Y, Fan T, He J. Lipid metabolism-related lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 promotes the progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma by regulating the NPM1/c-Myc axis and SLC25A21 expression. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e944. [PMID: 35735113 PMCID: PMC9218933 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity alters metabolic microenvironment and is thus associated with several tumours. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role, molecular mechanism of action, and potential clinical value of lipid metabolism-related long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) SLC25A21-AS1 in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). METHODS A high-fat diets (HFDs)-induced obesity nude mouse model was established, and targeted metabolomics analysis was used to identify critical medium-long chain fatty acids influencing the growth of ESCC cells. Transcriptomic analysis of public dataset GSE53625 confirmed that lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 was a lipid metabolism-related lncRNA. The biological function of lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 in ESCC was investigated both in vivo and in vitro. Chromatin immunoprecipitation(ChIP)assay, RNA-pull down, mass spectrometry, co-IP, and RNA IP(RIP) were performed to explore the molecular mechanism. Finally, an ESCC cDNA microarray was used to determine the clinical prognostic value of SLC25A21-AS1 by RT-qPCR. RESULTS Palmitic acid (PA) is an important fatty acid component of HFD and had an inhibitory effect on ESCC cell lines. LncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 expression was downregulated by PA and associated with the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, SLC25A21-AS1 interacted with nucleophosmin-1 (NPM1) protein to promote the downstream gene transcription of the c-Myc in the nucleus. In the cytoplasm, SLC25A21-AS1 maintained the stability of SLC25A21 mRNA and reduced the intracellular NAD+ /NADH ratio by influencing tryptophan catabolism. Finally, we demonstrated that high expression of SLC25A21-AS1 promoted resistance to cisplatin-induced apoptosis and was correlated with poor tumour grade and overall survival. CONCLUSIONS HFD/PA has an inhibitory effect on ESCC cells and SLC25A21-AS1 expression. SLC25A21-AS1 promotes the proliferation and migration of ESCC cells by regulating the NPM1/c-Myc axis and SLC25A21 expression. In addition, lncRNA SLC25A21-AS1 may serve as a favourable prognostic biomarker and a potential therapeutic target for ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Liu
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Chunxiang Li
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Lingling Fang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Liyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hengchang Liu
- Department of Colorectal SurgeryNational Cancer Center/Natbibional Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - He Tian
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yujia zheng
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Jie He
- Department of Thoracic SurgeryNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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23
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Ding L, Zhao C, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Nie Y, Liao K, Chen Y, Tu B, Zhang X. Mutations in DNA binding domain of p53 impede RSL1D1-p53 interaction to escape from degradation in human colorectal cancer cells. Exp Cell Res 2022; 417:113211. [PMID: 35597299 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2022.113211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Different from the nucleolus-specific localization in some types of cancer cells, ribosomal L1 domain-containing protein 1 (RSL1D1) distributes throughout the nucleus in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. RSL1D1 directly interacts with DNA binding domain (aa 93-292) of wild-type p53 (p53-WT) and thereby recruits p53 to HDM2. The ensuing formation of RSL1D1/HDM2/p53 complex enhances p53 ubiquitination and decreases the protein level of p53 in CRC cells. In this study, we investigated the interaction between RSL1D1 and mutant p53 proteins. We first corroborated that aa 93-224 of p53 is a more precise domain for RSL1D1 binding and mutation in either aa 93-224 or aa 225-292 domain of p53 affects RSL1D1-p53 interaction. R175H mutated p53 does not interact with RSL1D1, whereas R273H mutated p53 still can bind to RSL1D1 but showing a remarkably decreased affinity than p53-WT. Although p53-R273H retained a weakened binding affinity with RSL1D1, it can hardly be recruited to HDM2 by RSL1D1 in HCT116 CRC cells. Accordingly, RSL1D1 lost its capacity to negatively regulate either R175H or R273H p53 mutant via directly interaction in HCT116 cells, thereby facilitating p53 mutants to accumulate and gain oncogenic function. Our findings help explain why mutant p53 proteins are more stable than p53-WT in CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Chenhong Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yesen Nie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Kai Liao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Yuerou Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Beibei Tu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University (26116120), Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225009, China.
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24
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Liang J, Li G, Liao J, Huang Z, Wen J, Wang Y, Chen Z, Cai G, Xu W, Ding Z, Liang H, Datta PK, Chu L, Chen X, Zhang B. Non-coding small nucleolar RNA SNORD17 promotes the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma through a positive feedback loop upon p53 inactivation. Cell Death Differ 2022; 29:988-1003. [PMID: 35034103 PMCID: PMC9090725 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-022-00929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) are involved in the progression of various cancers, but their precise roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain largely unclear. Here, we report that SNORD17 promotes the progression of HCC through a positive feedback loop with p53. HCC-related microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and clinical HCC samples were used to identify clinically relevant snoRNAs in HCC. SNORD17 was found upregulated in HCC tissues compared with normal liver tissues, and the higher expression of SNORD17 predicted poor outcomes in patients with HCC, especially in those with wild-type p53. SNORD17 promoted the growth and tumorigenicity of HCC cells in vitro and in vivo by inhibiting p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Mechanistically, SNORD17 anchored nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) and MYB binding protein 1a (MYBBP1A) in the nucleolus by binding them simultaneously. Loss of SNORD17 promoted the translocation of NPM1 and MYBBP1A into the nucleoplasm, leading to NPM1/MDM2-mediated stability and MYBBP1A/p300-mediated activation of p53. Interestingly, p300-mediated acetylation of p53 inhibited SNORD17 expression by binding to the promoter of SNORD17 in turn, forming a positive feedback loop between SNORD17 and p53. Administration of SNORD17 antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) significantly suppressed the growth of xenograft tumors in mice. In summary, this study suggests that SNORD17 drives cancer progression by constitutively inhibiting p53 signaling in HCC and may represent a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junnan Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ganxun Li
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyu Liao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao Huang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingyuan Wen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeyu Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guangzhen Cai
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiqi Xu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeyang Ding
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Pran K Datta
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, UAB Comprehensive Cancer Center, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Liang Chu
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Clinical Medical Research Center of Hepatic Surgery at Hubei Province, Wuhan, China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China.
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25
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Ko CF, Chang YC, Cho HC, Yu J. The Puf-A Protein Is Required for Primordial Germ Cell Development. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091476. [PMID: 35563782 PMCID: PMC9105799 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Puf-A, a nucleolar Puf domain protein, is required for ribosome biogenesis. A study of Puf-A in zebrafish has shown that Puf-A is highly expressed in primordial germ cells (PGCs) and participates in PGC development. However, it remains unclear how Puf-A governs PGC development in mammals. Here, we generated transgenic mice carrying inducible Puf-A shRNA and obtained double heterozygous mice with Puf-A shRNA and Oct4-EGFP to examine the behavior of PGCs. It was found that the knockdown of Puf-A led to the loss of a considerable number of PGCs and a slowdown of the movement of the remaining PGCs. Puf-A and NPM1 colocalized in clusters in the nuclei of the PGCs. The silencing of Puf-A resulted in the translocation of NPM1 from nucleolus to nucleoplasm and the hyperactivation of p53 in the PGCs. The PGCs in Puf-A knockdown embryos showed a significant increase in subpopulations of PGCs at G1 arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, the expression of essential genes associated with PGC maintenance was decreased in the Puf-A knockdown PGCs. Our study showed that Puf-A governed PGC development by regulating the growth, survival, and maintenance of PGCs. We also observed the alterations of NPM1 and p53 upon Puf-A knockdown to be consistent with the previous study in cancer cells, which might explain the molecular mechanism for the role of Puf-A in PGC development.
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26
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Samudh N, Shrilall C, Arbuthnot P, Bloom K, Ely A. Diversity of Dysregulated Long Non-Coding RNAs in HBV-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:834650. [PMID: 35154157 PMCID: PMC8831247 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.834650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) continues to pose a major threat to public health as approximately 292 million people worldwide are currently living with the chronic form of the disease, for which treatment is non-curative. Chronic HBV infections often progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) which is one of the world’s leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Although the process of hepatocarcinogenesis is multifaceted and has yet to be fully elucidated, several studies have implicated numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as contributors to the development of HCC. These host-derived lncRNAs, which are often dysregulated as a consequence of viral infection, have been shown to function as signals, decoys, guides, or scaffolds, to modulate gene expression at epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional and even post-translational levels. These lncRNAs mainly function to promote HBV replication and oncogene expression or downregulate tumor suppressors. Very few lncRNAs are known to suppress tumorigenesis and these are often downregulated in HCC. In this review, we describe the mechanisms by which lncRNA dysregulation in HBV-related HCC promotes tumorigenesis and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazia Samudh
- Wits/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Creanne Shrilall
- Wits/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Patrick Arbuthnot
- Wits/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Kristie Bloom
- Wits/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Abdullah Ely
- Wits/South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC) Antiviral Gene Therapy Research Unit, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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27
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Zhang D, Wu F, Song J, Meng M, Fan X, Lu C, Weng Q, Fang S, Zheng L, Tang B, Yang Y, Tu J, Xu M, Zhao Z, Ji J. A role for the NPM1/PTPN14/YAP axis in mediating hypoxia-induced chemoresistance to sorafenib in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:65. [PMID: 35135548 PMCID: PMC8822852 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02479-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor microenvironments are characterized by resistance to chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy. Hypoxia plays an important role in the development of tumor resistance, as well as the generation of metastatic potential. YAP also participates in the regulation of hypoxia-mediated chemoresistance, and is negatively regulated by protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14). Methods The PTPN14 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues were evaluated by qRT-PCR, western blot and tissue microarrays. The effect of PTPN14 on HCC progression was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Results Here, we report that PTPN14 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues and cell lines. Silencing PTPN14 significantly enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion of HepG2 cells in vitro and tumor growth and metastasis in vivo, whereas overexpression of PTPN14 significantly inhibited these abilities in SK-Hep1 cells. We also found that hypoxia-induced nuclear translocation and accumulation of PTPN14 led to resistance to sorafenib in HCC cells. Further mechanistic studies suggested that NPM1 regulates PTPN14 localization, and that NPM1 regulates YAP by retaining PTPN14 in the nucleus under hypoxic conditions. Conclusions These data suggest that a therapeutic strategy against chemoresistant HCC may involve disruption of NPM1-mediated regulation of YAP by retaining PTPN14 in the nucleus under hypoxic conditions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02479-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Fazong Wu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jingjing Song
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Miaomiao Meng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Xiaoxi Fan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Chenying Lu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Qiaoyou Weng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Shiji Fang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Liyun Zheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Bufu Tang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Jianfei Tu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Min Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China
| | - Zhongwei Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
| | - Jiansong Ji
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Imaging Diagnosis and Minimally Invasive Intervention Research, Lishui Hospital of Zhejiang University, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, 323000, China.
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28
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The Role of Nucleophosmin 1 ( NPM1) Mutation in the Diagnosis and Management of Myeloid Neoplasms. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12010109. [PMID: 35054502 PMCID: PMC8780493 DOI: 10.3390/life12010109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a multifunctional protein with both proliferative and growth-suppressive roles in the cell. In humans, NPM1 is involved in tumorigenesis via chromosomal translocations, deletions, or mutation. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutated NPM1, a distinct diagnostic entity by the current WHO Classification of myeloid neoplasm, represents the most common diagnostic subtype in AML and is associated with a favorable prognosis. The persistence of NPM1 mutation in AML at relapse makes this mutation an ideal target for minimal measurable disease (MRD) detection. The clinical implication of this is far-reaching because NPM1-mutated AML is currently classified as being of standard risk, with the best treatment strategy (transplantation versus chemotherapy) yet undefined. Myeloid neoplasms with NPM1 mutations and <20% blasts are characterized by an aggressive clinical course and a rapid progression to AML. The pathological classification of these cases remains controversial. Future studies will determine whether NPM1 gene mutation may be sufficient for diagnosing NPM1-mutated AML independent of the blast count. This review aims to summarize the role of NPM1 in normal cells and in human cancer and discusses its current role in clinical management of AML and related myeloid neoplasms.
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29
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Yang M, Pan Z, Huang K, Büsche G, Liu H, Göhring G, Rumpel R, Dittrich-Breiholz O, Talbot S, Scherr M, Chaturvedi A, Eder M, Skokowa J, Zhou J, Welte K, von Neuhoff N, Liu L, Ganser A, Li Z. A unique role of p53 haploinsufficiency or loss in the development of acute myeloid leukemia with FLT3-ITD mutation. Leukemia 2022; 36:675-686. [PMID: 34732858 PMCID: PMC8885416 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
With an incidence of ~50%, the absence or reduced protein level of p53 is much more common than TP53 mutations in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML with FLT3-ITD (internal tandem duplication) mutations has an unfavorable prognosis and is highly associated with wt-p53 dysfunction. While TP53 mutation in the presence of FLT3-ITD does not induce AML in mice, it is not clear whether p53 haploinsufficiency or loss cooperates with FLT3-ITD in the induction of AML. Here, we generated FLT3-ITD knock-in; p53 knockout (heterozygous and homozygous) double-transgenic mice and found that both alterations strongly cooperated in the induction of cytogenetically normal AML without increasing the self-renewal potential. At the molecular level, we found the strong upregulation of Htra3 and the downregulation of Lin28a, leading to enhanced proliferation and the inhibition of apoptosis and differentiation. The co-occurrence of Htra3 overexpression and Lin28a knockdown, in the presence of FLT3-ITD, induced AML with similar morphology as leukemic cells from double-transgenic mice. These leukemic cells were highly sensitive to the proteasome inhibitor carfilzomib. Carfilzomib strongly enhanced the activity of targeting AXL (upstream of FLT3) against murine and human leukemic cells. Our results unravel a unique role of p53 haploinsufficiency or loss in the development of FLT3-ITD + AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Zengkai Pan
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Present Address: National Research Center for Translational Medicine, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kezhi Huang
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany ,grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XPresent Address: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, and Department of Hematology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guntram Büsche
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hongyun Liu
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gudrun Göhring
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Human Genetics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Regina Rumpel
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Oliver Dittrich-Breiholz
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Research Core Unit Genomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Steven Talbot
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Institute for Laboratory Animal Science and Central Animal Facility, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Michaela Scherr
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anuhar Chaturvedi
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Matthias Eder
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Julia Skokowa
- grid.10392.390000 0001 2190 1447Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jianfeng Zhou
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Karl Welte
- grid.488549.cUniversity Children’s Hospital, Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nils von Neuhoff
- grid.5718.b0000 0001 2187 5445AML Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ligen Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Hematology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Arnold Ganser
- grid.10423.340000 0000 9529 9877Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Zhixiong Li
- Department of Hematology, Hemostasis, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplantation, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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30
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Batnasan E, Koivukoski S, Kärkkäinen M, Latonen L. Nuclear Organization in Response to Stress: A Special Focus on Nucleoli. Results Probl Cell Differ 2022; 70:469-494. [PMID: 36348119 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-06573-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we discuss the nuclear organization and how it responds to different types of stress. A key component in these responses is molecular traffic between the different sub-nucleolar compartments, such as nucleoplasm, chromatin, nucleoli, and various speckle and body compartments. This allows specific repair and response activities in locations where they normally are not active and serve to halt sensitive functions until the stress insult passes and inflicted damage has been repaired. We focus on mammalian cells and their nuclear organization, especially describing the central role of the nucleolus in nuclear stress responses. We describe events after multiple stress types, including DNA damage, various drugs, and toxic compounds, and discuss the involvement of macromolecular traffic between dynamic, phase-separated nuclear organelles and foci. We delineate the key proteins and non-coding RNA in the formation of stress-responsive, non-membranous nuclear organelles, many of which are relevant to the formation of and utilization in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enkhzaya Batnasan
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sonja Koivukoski
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Minttu Kärkkäinen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Leena Latonen
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
- Foundation for the Finnish Cancer Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
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31
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Wu M, Lu L, Chen S, Li Y, Zhang Q, Fu S, Deng X. Natural products inducing nucleolar stress: implications in cancer therapy. Anticancer Drugs 2022; 33:e21-e27. [PMID: 34561998 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000001146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The nucleolus is the site of ribosome biogenesis and is found to play an important role in stress sensing. For over 100 years, the increase in the size and number of nucleoli has been considered as a marker of aggressive tumors. Despite this, the contribution of the nucleolus and the biologic processes mediated by it to cancer pathogenesis has been largely overlooked. This state has been changed over the recent decades with the demonstration that the nucleolus controls numerous cellular functions associated with cancer development. Induction of nucleolar stress has recently been regarded as being superior to conventional cytotoxic/cytostatic strategy in that it is more selective to neoplastic cells while sparing normal cells. Natural products represent an excellent source of bioactive molecules and some of them have been found to be able to induce nucleolar stress. The demonstration of these nucleolar stress-inducing natural products has paved the way for a new therapeutic approach to more delicate tumor cell-killing. This review provides a contemporary summary of the role of the nucleolus as a novel promising target for cancer therapy, with particular emphasis on natural products as an exciting new class of anti-cancer drugs with nucleolar stress-inducing properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Lu Lu
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Sisi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Qiuting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Shujun Fu
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
| | - Xiyun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Stem Cell Research, Hunan Normal University
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hunan Normal University School of Medicine, Changsha
- Department of Pathophysiology, Jishou University School of Medicine, Jishou, Hunan, China
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32
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Hindley A, Catherwood MA, McMullin MF, Mills KI. Significance of NPM1 Gene Mutations in AML. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810040. [PMID: 34576201 PMCID: PMC8467861 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this literature review is to examine the significance of the nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) gene in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). This will include analysis of the structure and normal cellular function of NPM1, the type of mutations commonly witnessed in NPM1, and the mechanism by which this influences the development and progression of AML. The importance of NPM1 mutation on prognosis and the treatment options available to patients will also be reviewed along with current guidelines recommending the rapid return of NPM1 mutational screening results and the importance of employing a suitable laboratory assay to achieve this. Finally, future developments in the field including research into new therapies targeting NPM1 mutated AML are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Hindley
- Clinical Haematology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Mary Frances McMullin
- Centre for Medical Education, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK;
- Northern Ireland and Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Ken I. Mills
- Patrick G Johnston Center for Cancer Research, Queens University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7AE, UK;
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33
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Ding L, Zhang Z, Zhao C, Chen L, Chen Z, Zhang J, Liu Y, Nie Y, He Y, Liao K, Zhang X. Ribosomal L1 domain-containing protein 1 coordinates with HDM2 to negatively regulate p53 in human colorectal Cancer cells. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:245. [PMID: 34362424 PMCID: PMC8344204 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-02057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ribosomal L1 domain-containing protein 1 (RSL1D1) is a nucleolar protein that is essential in cell proliferation. In the current opinion, RSL1D1 translocates to the nucleoplasm under nucleolar stress and inhibits the E3 ligase activity of HDM2 via direct interaction, thereby leading to stabilization of p53. METHODS Gene knockdown was achieved in HCT116p53+/+, HCT116p53-/-, and HCT-8 human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells by siRNA transfection. A lentiviral expression system was used to establish cell strains overexpressing genes of interest. The mRNA and protein levels in cells were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot analyses. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, and cell apoptosis were determined by MTT, PI staining, and Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining assays, respectively. The level of ubiquitinated p53 protein was assessed by IP. The protein-RNA interaction was investigated by RIP. The subcellular localization of proteins of interest was determined by IFA. Protein-protein interaction was investigated by GST-pulldown, BiFC, and co-IP assays. The therapeutic efficacy of RSL1D1 silencing on tumor growth was evaluated in HCT116 tumor-bearing nude mice. RESULTS RSL1D1 distributed throughout the nucleus in human CRC cells. Silencing of RSL1D1 gene induced cell cycle arrest at G1/S and cell apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. RSL1D1 directly interacted with and recruited p53 to HDM2 to form a ternary RSL1D1/HDM2/p53 protein complex and thereby enhanced p53 ubiquitination and degradation, leading to a decrease in the protein level of p53. Destruction of the ternary complex increased the level of p53 protein. RSL1D1 also indirectly decreased the protein level of p53 by stabilizing HDM2 mRNA. Consequently, the negative regulation of p53 by RSL1D1 facilitated cell proliferation and survival and downregulation of RSL1D1 remarkably inhibited the growth of HCT116p53+/+ tumors in a nude mouse model. CONCLUSION We report, for the first time, that RSL1D1 is a novel negative regulator of p53 in human CRC cells and more importantly, a potential molecular target for anticancer drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Ding
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiping Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chenhong Zhao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Chen
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yaxian Liu
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yesen Nie
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanzhi He
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Liao
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Biological Hazard Factors (Animal Origin) for Agrifood Safety and Quality, The Ministry of Agriculture of China, Yangzhou University (26116120), Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009, Jiangsu, China.
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Lang YD, Jou YS. PSPC1 is a new contextual determinant of aberrant subcellular translocation of oncogenes in tumor progression. J Biomed Sci 2021; 28:57. [PMID: 34340703 PMCID: PMC8327449 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-021-00753-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling is commonly observed in cancers and emerging as a cancer hallmark for the development of anticancer therapeutic strategies. Despite its severe adverse effects, selinexor, a selective first-in-class inhibitor of the common nuclear export receptor XPO1, was developed to target nucleocytoplasmic protein shuttling and received accelerated FDA approval in 2019 in combination with dexamethasone as a fifth-line therapeutic option for adults with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). To explore innovative targets in nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, we propose that the aberrant contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, such as PSPC1 (Paraspeckle component 1), TGIF1 (TGF-β Induced Factor Homeobox 1), NPM1 (Nucleophosmin), Mortalin and EBP50, that modulate shuttling (or cargo) proteins with opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be theranostic targets for developing anticancer strategies. For instance, PSPC1 was recently shown to be the contextual determinant of the TGF-β prometastatic switch and PTK6/β-catenin reciprocal oncogenic nucleocytoplasmic shuttling during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. The innovative nucleocytoplasmic shuttling inhibitor PSPC1 C-terminal 131 polypeptide (PSPC1-CT131), which was developed to target both the shuttling determinant PSPC1 and the shuttling protein PTK6, maintained their tumor-suppressive characteristics and exhibited synergistic effects on tumor suppression in HCC cells and mouse models. In summary, targeting the contextual determinants of nucleocytoplasmic shuttling with cargo proteins having opposite tumorigenic functions in different subcellular locations could be an innovative strategy for developing new therapeutic biomarkers and agents to improve cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaw-Dong Lang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Shan Jou
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Luo W, Li J, Li Z, Lin T, Zhang L, Yang W, Mai Y, Liu R, Chen M, Dai C, Yang H, Lu J, Li H, Guan G, Huang M, Liu P, Li Z. HO-1 nuclear accumulation and interaction with NPM1 protect against stress-induced endothelial senescence independent of its enzymatic activity. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:738. [PMID: 34312365 PMCID: PMC8313700 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has attracted accumulating attention for its antioxidant enzymatic activity. However, the exact regulatory role of its non-enzymatic activity in the cardiovascular system remains unaddressed. Here, we show that HO-1 was accumulated in the nuclei of stress-induced senescent endothelial cells, and conferred protection against endothelial senescence independent of its enzymatic activity. Overexpression of ΔHO-1, a truncated HO-1 without transmembrane segment (TMS), inhibited H2O2-induced endothelial senescence. Overexpression of ΔHO-1H25A, the catalytically inactive form of ΔHO-1, also exhibited anti-senescent effect. In addition, infection of recombinant adenovirus encoding ΔHO-1 with three nuclear localization sequences (NLS), alleviated endothelial senescence induced by knockdown of endogenous HO-1 by CRISPR/Cas9. Moreover, repression of HO-1 nuclear translocation by silencing of signal peptide peptidase (SPP), which is responsible for enzymatic cleavage of the TMS of HO-1, exacerbated endothelial senescence. Mechanistically, nuclear HO-1 interacted with NPM1 N-terminal portion, prevented NPM1 translocation from nucleolus to nucleoplasm, thus disrupted NPM1/p53/MDM2 interactions and inhibited p53 activation by NPM1, finally resisted endothelial senescence. This study provides a novel understanding of HO-1 as a promising therapeutic strategy for vascular senescence-related cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Luo
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziqing Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanqi Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanqi Mai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiming Liu
- Department of Vascular and Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiting Chen
- Emergency Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunmei Dai
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanwei Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guimei Guan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Huang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peiqing Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhuoming Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National and Local United Engineering Lab of Druggability and New Drugs Evaluation, Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Druggability and New Drug Evaluation, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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36
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SIRT7-dependent deacetylation of NPM promotes p53 stabilization following UV-induced genotoxic stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2015339118. [PMID: 33495326 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015339118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Adaptation to different forms of environmental stress is crucial for maintaining essential cellular functions and survival. The nucleolus plays a decisive role as a signaling hub for coordinating cellular responses to various extrinsic and intrinsic cues. p53 levels are normally kept low in unstressed cells, mainly due to E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2-mediated degradation. Under stress, nucleophosmin (NPM) relocates from the nucleolus to the nucleoplasm and binds MDM2, thereby preventing degradation of p53 and allowing cell-cycle arrest and DNA repair. Here, we demonstrate that the mammalian sirtuin SIRT7 is an essential component for the regulation of p53 stability during stress responses induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. The catalytic activity of SIRT7 is substantially increased upon UV irradiation through ataxia telangiectasia mutated and Rad3 related (ATR)-mediated phosphorylation, which promotes efficient deacetylation of the SIRT7 target NPM. Deacetylation is required for stress-dependent relocation of NPM into the nucleoplasm and MDM2 binding, thereby preventing ubiquitination and degradation of p53. In the absence of SIRT7, stress-dependent stabilization of p53 is abrogated, both in vitro and in vivo, impairing cellular stress responses. The study uncovers an essential SIRT7-dependent mechanism for stabilization of the tumor suppressor p53 in response to genotoxic stress.
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37
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Russo LC, Ferruzo PYM, Forti FL. Nucleophosmin Protein Dephosphorylation by DUSP3 Is a Fine-Tuning Regulator of p53 Signaling to Maintain Genomic Stability. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:624933. [PMID: 33777934 PMCID: PMC7991746 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.624933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The dual-specificity phosphatase 3 (DUSP3), an atypical protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP), regulates cell cycle checkpoints and DNA repair pathways under conditions of genotoxic stress. DUSP3 interacts with the nucleophosmin protein (NPM) in the cell nucleus after UV-radiation, implying a potential role for this interaction in mechanisms of genomic stability. Here, we show a high-affinity binding between DUSP3-NPM and NPM tyrosine phosphorylation after UV stress, which is increased in DUSP3 knockdown cells. Specific antibodies designed to the four phosphorylated NPM’s tyrosines revealed that DUSP3 dephosphorylates Y29, Y67, and Y271 after UV-radiation. DUSP3 knockdown causes early nucleolus exit of NPM and ARF proteins allowing them to disrupt the HDM2-p53 interaction in the nucleoplasm after UV-stress. The anticipated p53 release from proteasome degradation increased p53-Ser15 phosphorylation, prolonged p53 half-life, and enhanced p53 transcriptional activity. The regular dephosphorylation of NPM’s tyrosines by DUSP3 balances the p53 functioning and favors the repair of UV-promoted DNA lesions needed for the maintenance of genomic stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian C Russo
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signalling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pault Y M Ferruzo
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signalling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabio L Forti
- Laboratory of Biomolecular Systems Signalling, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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38
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Dactinomycin induces complete remission associated with nucleolar stress response in relapsed/refractory NPM1-mutated AML. Leukemia 2021; 35:2552-2562. [PMID: 33654209 PMCID: PMC8410589 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01192-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with mutated NPM1 accounts for one-third of newly diagnosed AML. Despite recent advances, treatment of relapsed/refractory NPM1-mutated AML remains challenging, with the majority of patients eventually dying due to disease progression. Moreover, the prognosis is particularly poor in elderly and unfit patients, mainly because they cannot receive intensive treatment. Therefore, alternative treatment strategies are needed. Dactinomycin is a low-cost chemotherapeutic agent, which has been anecdotally reported to induce remission in NPM1-mutated patients, although its mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we describe the results of a single-center phase 2 pilot study investigating the safety and efficacy of single-agent dactinomycin in relapsed/refractory NPM1-mutated adult AML patients, demonstrating that this drug can induce complete responses and is relatively well tolerated. We also provide evidence that the activity of dactinomycin associates with nucleolar stress both in vitro and in vivo in patients. Finally, we show that low-dose dactinomycin generates more efficient stress response in cells expressing NPM1 mutant compared to wild-type cells, suggesting that NPM1-mutated AML may be more sensitive to nucleolar stress. In conclusion, we establish that dactinomycin is a potential therapeutic alternative in relapsed/refractory NPM1-mutated AML that deserves further investigation in larger clinical studies.
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39
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Mende H, Müller S. Surveillance of nucleolar homeostasis and ribosome maturation by autophagy and the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Matrix Biol 2021; 100-101:30-38. [PMID: 33556475 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2021.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The nucleolus functions as the cellular hub for the initiation and early steps of ribosome biogenesis. Ribosomes are key components of the translation machinery and, accordingly, their abundance needs to be adjusted to the cellular energy status. Further, to ensure translational fidelity, the integrity and quality of ribosomes needs to be monitored under conditions of cellular stress. Stressful insults, such as nutrient, genotoxic or proteotoxic stress, interfere with ribosome biogenesis and activate a cellular response referred to as nucleolar stress. This nucleolar stress response typically affects nucleolar integrity and is intricately linked to the activation of protein quality control pathways, including (i) the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS) and (ii) the autophagy machinery, to restore cellular proteostasis. Here we will review some key features of the nucleolar stress response with a particular focus on the role of the UPS and autophagy in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Mende
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Medical School, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Stefan Müller
- Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University, Medical School, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
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40
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Sok V, Jacinto AZ, Peng N, Eldemerdash M, Le L, Tran PD, Feng LF, Patel JR, Gi M, Ammon JC, So CH. G protein coupled receptor kinase 5 modifies the nucleolar stress response activated by actinomycin D. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:508-518. [PMID: 33507833 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2020-0480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) is localized within the nucleus and moderates functions such as DNA transcription, in addition to its localization at the plasma membrane. In this report, we show that GRK5 modifies the nucleolar stress response activated by the DNA polymerase inhibitor, actinomycin D (ActD). We show an increased sensitivity to the apoptotic effects of ActD on cervical HeLa cells and the breast cancer cell line MDA MB 231 with reduced protein expression of GRK5. We also tested two types of breast cancer cells (MDA MB 231 and MCF7 cells) and found that the rate of response to ActD varied between them because they have innate differences in the protein expression of GRK5. We also found that GRK5 phosphorylates nucleophosmin (NPM1) at T199 before and during the early stages of ActD treatment. Phosphorylation at T199 increases the ability of NPM1 to interact with p14ARF in vitro, which may affect the protein expression levels of p14ARF. We found that the expression levels of p14ARF were lower in the cells transfected with the control shRNA, but higher in cells transfected with GRK5 shRNA. Collectively, this suggests that GRK5 modifies the nucleolar stress response associated with ActD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Sok
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Alec Z Jacinto
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Natalie Peng
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Mohamed Eldemerdash
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Lysa Le
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Philip D Tran
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Li Feng Feng
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Jigisha R Patel
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Michael Gi
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Jane C Ammon
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
| | - Christopher H So
- Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA.,Roseman University of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Henderson, NV 89014, USA
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Vashi R, Patel BM. Roles of ARF tumour suppressor protein in lung cancer: time to hit the nail on the head! Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:1365-1375. [PMID: 33392921 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03996-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Owing to its poor prognosis, the World Health Organization (WHO) lists lung cancer on top of the list when it comes to growing mortality rates and incidence. Usually, there are two types of lung cancer, small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which also includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinomas. ARF, also known in humans as p14ARF and in the mouse as p19ARF, is a nucleolar protein and a member of INK4, a family of cyclin-independent kinase inhibitors (CKI). These genes are clustered on chromosome number 9p21 within the locus of CDKN2A. NSCLC has reported the role of p14ARF as a potential target. p14ARF has a basic mechanism to inhibit mouse double minute 2 protein that exhibits inhibitory action on p53, a phosphoprotein tumour suppressor, thus playing a role in various tumour-related activities such as growth inhibition, DNA damage, autophagy, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and others. Extensive cancer research is ongoing and updated reports regarding the role of ARF in lung cancer are available. This article summarizes the available lung cancer ARF data, its molecular mechanisms and its associated signalling pathways. Attempts have been made to show how p14ARF functions in different types of lung cancer providing a thought to look upon ARF as a new target for treating the debilitating condition of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruju Vashi
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
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Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of vital importance for various biological processes, and dysregulation of lncRNAs is frequently associated with various diseases such as psoriasis. LncRNAs modulate gene expression at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels; however, the specific regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs in psoriasis remain largely unexplored. This review provides an overview of recent studies investigating mechanisms and functions of lncRNAs in psoriasis, especially focusing on the role of lncRNAs in keratinocytes, T cells, and dendritic cells.
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Xie J, Zhang W, Liang X, Shuai C, Zhou Y, Pan H, Yang Y, Han W. RPL32 Promotes Lung Cancer Progression by Facilitating p53 Degradation. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2020; 21:75-85. [PMID: 32516735 PMCID: PMC7281510 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2020.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide, and the overall survival rate of advanced lung cancer patients is unsatisfactory. Ribosomal proteins (RPs) play important roles in carcinogenesis. However, the role of RPL32 in lung cancer has not been demonstrated. Here, we report that RPL32 is aberrantly, highly expressed in lung cancer tissues and that the overexpression of RPL32 is correlated with the poor prognosis of these patients. RPL32 silencing significantly inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells, with an observed p53 accumulation and cell-cycle arrest. Mechanistically, knockdown of RPL32 resulted in ribosomal stress and affected rRNA maturation. RPL5 and RPL11 sensed stress and translocated from the nucleus to the nucleoplasm, where they bound to murine double minute 2 (MDM2), an important p53 E3 ubiquitin ligase, which resulted in p53 accumulation and inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. As lung cancer cells usually express high levels of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), we conjugated RPL32 small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the TLR9 ligand CpG to generate CpG-RPL32 siRNA, which could stabilize and guide RPL32 siRNA to lung cancer cells. Excitingly, CpG-RPL32 siRNA displayed strong anticancer abilities in lung cancer xenografts. Therefore, RPL32 is expected to be a potential target for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiansheng Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojing Liang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Shuai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hongming Pan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yunhai Yang
- Cancer Center of Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Weidong Han
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Institute of Clinical Science, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Di Natale C, Florio D, Di Somma S, Di Matteo A, Federici L, Netti PA, Morelli G, Malfitano AM, Marasco D. Proteostasis unbalance of nucleophosmin 1 in Acute Myeloid Leukemia: An aggregomic perspective. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 164:3501-3507. [PMID: 32890557 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.08.248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The role exerted by the nucleus in the regulation of proteostasis in both health and disease is recognized of outmost importance, even though not fully understood. Many recent investigations are focused on its ability to modulate and coordinate protein quality control machineries in mammalian cells. Nucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is one of the most abundant nucleolar proteins and its gene is mutated in ~30% of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) patients. Mutations are localized in the C-terminal domain of the protein and cause cytoplasmatically delocalized and possibly aggregated forms of NPM1 (NPM1c+). Therapeutic interventions targeted on NPM1c+ are in demand and, to this end, deeper knowledge of NPM1c+ behavior in the blasts' cytosol is required. Here by means of complementary biophysical techniques we compared the conformational and aggregative behavior of the entire C-terminal domains of NPM1wt and type A NPM1c+ (bearing the most common mutation). Overall data show that only Cterm_mutA is able to form amyloid-like assemblies with fibrillar morphology and that the oligomers are toxic in human neuroblastoma SHSY cells. This study adds a novel piece of knowledge to the comprehension of the molecular roles exerted by cytoplasmatic NPM1c+ and suggests the exploitation of the amyloidogenic propensity of NPM1c+ as a new strategy for targeting AML with NPM1 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concetta Di Natale
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy; Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Daniele Florio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy
| | - Sarah Di Somma
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Adele Di Matteo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, National Research Council of Italy, c/o Department of Biochemical Sciences "A Rossi Fanelli" - Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Federici
- Center of Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST) and Department of Clinical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Chieti "G. d'Annunzio", 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterial for Health Care (CABHC), Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Naples, Italy; Interdisciplinary Research Centre on Biomaterials (CRIB), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy; Department of Chemical Materials and Industrial Production (DICMAPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Morelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Malfitano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Daniela Marasco
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80134, Italy.
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Ognibene M, Pezzolo A. Roniciclib down-regulates stemness and inhibits cell growth by inducing nucleolar stress in neuroblastoma. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12902. [PMID: 32737364 PMCID: PMC7395171 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69499-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma, an embryonic tumor arising from neuronal crest progenitor cells, has been shown to contain a population of undifferentiated stem cells responsible for the malignant state and the unfavorable prognosis. Although many previous studies have analyzed neuroblastoma stem cells and their therapeutic targeting, this topic appears still open to novel investigations. Here we found that neurospheres derived from neuroblastoma stem-like cells showed a homogeneous staining for several key nucleolar proteins, such as Nucleolin, Nucleophosmin-1, Glypican-2 and PES-1. We investigated the effects of Roniciclib (BAY 1000394), an anticancer stem cells agent, on neurospheres and on an orthotopic neuroblastoma mouse model, discovering an impressive inhibition of tumor growth and indicating good chances for the use of Roniciclib in vivo. We demonstrated that Roniciclib is not only a Wnt/β-catenin signaling inhibitor, but also a nucleolar stress inducer, revealing a possible novel mechanism underlying Roniciclib-mediated repression of cell proliferation. Furthermore, we found that high expression of Nucleophosmin-1 correlates with patients’ short survival. The co-expression of several stem cell surface antigens such as CD44v6 and CD114, together with the nucleolar markers here described, extends new possibilities to isolate undifferentiated subpopulations from neuroblastoma and identify new targets for the treatment of this childhood malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Ognibene
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, 16147, Genova, Italy. .,Unità di Genetica Medica, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, 16147, Genova, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Pezzolo
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Istituto Gaslini, 16147, Genova, Italy.
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46
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Engbrecht M, Mangerich A. The Nucleolus and PARP1 in Cancer Biology. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12071813. [PMID: 32640701 PMCID: PMC7408768 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleolus has been known for a long time to fulfill crucial functions in ribosome biogenesis, of which cancer cells can become addicted to in order to produce sufficient amounts of proteins for cell proliferation. Recently, the nucleolus has emerged as a central regulatory hub in many other cancer-relevant processes, including stress sensing, DNA damage response, cell cycle control, and proteostasis. This fostered the idea that nucleolar processes can be exploited in cancer therapy. Interestingly, a significant proportion of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) molecules are localized in the nucleolus and PARP1 also plays crucial roles in many processes that are important in cancer biology, including genome maintenance, replication, transcription, and chromatin remodeling. Furthermore, during the last years, PARP1 came into focus in oncology since it represents a promising target of pharmacological PARP inhibitors in various types of cancers. Here, we provide an overview of our current understanding on the role of PARP1 in nucleolar functions and discuss potential implications in cancer biology and therapy.
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47
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Nucleophosmin 1 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11060649. [PMID: 32545659 PMCID: PMC7348733 DOI: 10.3390/genes11060649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleophosmin (NPM1) is a ubiquitously expressed nucleolar protein involved in ribosome biogenesis, the maintenance of genomic integrity and the regulation of the ARF-p53 tumor-suppressor pathway among multiple other functions. Mutations in the corresponding gene cause a cytoplasmic dislocation of the NPM1 protein. These mutations are unique to acute myeloid leukemia (AML), a disease characterized by clonal expansion, impaired differentiation and the proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow. Despite our improved understanding of NPM1 mutations and their consequences, the underlying leukemia pathogenesis is still unclear. Recent studies that focused on dysregulated gene expression in AML with mutated NPM1 have shed more light into these mechanisms. In this article, we review the current evidence on normal functions of NPM1 and aberrant functioning in AML, and highlight investigational strategies targeting these mutations.
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48
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Mannan A, Muhsen IN, Barragán E, Sanz MA, Mohty M, Hashmi SK, Aljurf M. Genotypic and Phenotypic Characteristics of Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia Translocation Variants. Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020; 13:189-201. [PMID: 32473106 DOI: 10.1016/j.hemonc.2020.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a special disease entity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The clinical use of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has transformed APL into the most curable form of AML. The majority of APL cases are characterized by the fusion gene PML-RARA. Although the PML-RARA fusion gene can be detected in almost all APL cases, translocation variants of APL have been reported. To date, this is the most comprehensive review of these translocations, discussing 15 different variants. Reviewed genes involved in APL variants include: ZBTB16, NPM, NuMA, STAT5b, PRKAR1A, FIP1L1, BCOR, NABP1, TBLR1, GTF2I, IRF2BP2, FNDC3B, ADAMDTS17, STAT3, and TFG. The genotypic and phenotypic features of APL translocations are summarized. All reported studies were either case reports or case series indicating the rarity of these entities and limiting the ability to drive conclusions regarding their characteristics. However, reported variants have shown variable clinical and morphological features, with diverse responsiveness to ATRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Mannan
- Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Bangor, UK
| | - Ibrahim N Muhsen
- Department of Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Eva Barragán
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel A Sanz
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Universitari i Politecnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Shahrukh K Hashmi
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Mahmoud Aljurf
- Oncology Center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Turi Z, Lacey M, Mistrik M, Moudry P. Impaired ribosome biogenesis: mechanisms and relevance to cancer and aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 11:2512-2540. [PMID: 31026227 PMCID: PMC6520011 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of ribosomes is a complex process that requires the coordinated action of many factors and a huge energy investment from the cell. Ribosomes are essential for protein production, and thus for cellular survival, growth and proliferation. Ribosome biogenesis is initiated in the nucleolus and includes: the synthesis and processing of ribosomal RNAs, assembly of ribosomal proteins, transport to the cytoplasm and association of ribosomal subunits. The disruption of ribosome biogenesis at various steps, with either increased or decreased expression of different ribosomal components, can promote cell cycle arrest, senescence or apoptosis. Additionally, interference with ribosomal biogenesis is often associated with cancer, aging and age-related degenerative diseases. Here, we review current knowledge on impaired ribosome biogenesis, discuss the main factors involved in stress responses under such circumstances and focus on examples with clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsofia Turi
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Matthew Lacey
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Mistrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Moudry
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Sluzalska KD, Slawski J, Sochacka M, Lampart A, Otlewski J, Zakrzewska M. Intracellular partners of fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 - implications for functions. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 57:93-111. [PMID: 32475760 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors 1 and 2 (FGF1 and FGF2) are mainly considered as ligands of surface receptors through which they regulate a broad spectrum of biological processes. They are secreted in non-canonical way and, unlike other growth factors, they are able to translocate from the endosome to the cell interior. These unique features, as well as the role of the intracellular pool of FGF1 and FGF2, are far from being fully understood. An increasing number of reports address this problem, focusing on the intracellular interactions of FGF1 and 2. Here, we summarize the current state of knowledge of the FGF1 and FGF2 binding partners inside the cell and the possible role of these interactions. The partner proteins are grouped according to their function, including proteins involved in secretion, cell signaling, nucleocytoplasmic transport, binding and processing of nucleic acids, ATP binding, and cytoskeleton assembly. An in-depth analysis of the network of these binding partners could indicate novel, non-classical functions of FGF1 and FGF2 and uncover an additional level of a fine control of the well-known FGF-regulated cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Dominika Sluzalska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Slawski
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Martyna Sochacka
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agata Lampart
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Otlewski
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Zakrzewska
- Department of Protein Engineering, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wroclaw, ul. F. Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland.
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