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Jia J, Zhao M, Ma K, Zhang H, Gui L, Sun H, Ren H, Okabayashi T, Zhao J. The Immunoprotection of OmpH Gene Deletion Mutation of Pasteurella multocida on Hemorrhagic Sepsis in Qinghai Yak. Vet Sci 2023; 10:vetsci10030221. [PMID: 36977260 PMCID: PMC10055848 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10030221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OmpH is among the most important virulence factors of Pasteurella multocida, which mediates septicemia in yaks (Bos grunniens I) after infection with the bacteria. In the present study, yaks were infected with wild-type (WT) (P0910) and OmpH-deficient (ΔOmpH) P. multocida strains. The mutant strain was generated through the reverse genetic operation system of pathogens and proteomics technology. The live-cell bacterial count and clinical manifestations of P. multocida infection in Qinghai yak tissues (thymus, lung, spleen, lymph node, liver, kidney, and heart) were analyzed. The expression of differential proteins in the yak spleen under different treatments was analyzed using the marker-free method. We found that compared with the mutant strain, the titer of wild-type strains was significantly higher in tissues. Additionally, compared with other organs, the bacteria titer was significantly higher in the spleen. Compared with the WT p0910 strain, the mutant strain generated milder pathological changes in the tissues of yak. Proteomics analysis revealed that 57 of the 773 proteins expressed in P. multocida were significantly differentially expressed between the ΔOmpH and P0910 groups. Of the 57, 14 were over-expressed, whereas 43 were under-expressed. The differentially expressed proteins in the ΔompH group regulated the ABC transporter (ATP-powered translocation of many substrates across membranes) system, the two-component system, RNA degradation, RNA transcription, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, biosynthesis of ubiquinone and other terpenoid-quinones, oxidative phosphorylation (citrate cycle) as well as fructose and mannose metabolism. The relationship among 54 significantly regulated proteins was analyzed using STRING. We found that WT P0910 and ΔOmpH of P. multocida infection activated the expression of ropE, HSPBP1, FERH, ATP10A, ABCA13, RRP7A, IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-17A, EGFR, and dnaJ. Overall, deletion of the OmpH gene weakened the virulence but maintained the immunogenicity of P. multocida in yak. The findings of this study provide a strong foundation for the pathogenesis of P. multocida and the management of related septicemia in yaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianlei Jia
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- School of Life Sciences, Qilu Normal University, Jinan 250200, China
| | - Meng Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Kairu Ma
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Hongjian Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Huzhi Sun
- Qingdao Phagepharm Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Huiying Ren
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Tamaki Okabayashi
- Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
- Correspondence:
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Fracassetti D, Di Canito A, Bodon R, Messina N, Vigentini I, Foschino R, Tirelli A. Light-struck taste in white wine: Reaction mechanisms, preventive strategies and future perspectives to preserve wine quality. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Cloning, Characterization and Expression of the Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase Gene (PaPAL) from Spruce Picea asperata. FORESTS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/f10080613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is the crucial enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway, which plays an important role in plant disease resistance. To understand the function of PAL in Picea asperata, in this study, the full-length cDNA sequence of the PAL gene from this species was isolated and named PaPAL. The gene contains a 2160-bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 720 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 78.7 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 5.88. The deduced PaPAL protein possesses the specific signature motif (GTITASGDLVPLSYIA) of phenylalanine ammonia-lyases. Multiple alignment analysis revealed that PaPAL has high identity with other plant PALs. The tertiary structure of PaPAL was predicted using PcPAL from Petroselinum crispum as a template, and the results suggested that PaPAL may have a similar function to that of PcPAL. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis indicated that PaPAL has a close relationship with other PALs from the Pinaceae species. The optimal expression condition of recombinant PaPAL in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) was 0.2 mM IPTG (isopropyl β-D-thiogalactoside) at 16 °C for 4 h, and the molecular weight of recombinant PaPAL was found to be approximately 82 kDa. Recombinant PaPAL was purified and exhibited high PAL activity at optimal conditions of pH 8.6 and 60 °C. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed the PaPAL gene to be expressed in all tissues of P. asperata tested, with the highest expression level in the needles. The PaPAL gene was induced by the pathogen (Lophodermium piceae), which caused needle cast disease, indicating that it might be involved in defense against needle cast disease. These results provide a basis for understanding the molecular mechanisms of the PAL gene in the process of P. asperata disease resistance.
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Cloning and Expression of the Chitinase Encoded by ChiKJ406136 from Streptomyces Sampsonii (Millard & Burr) Waksman KJ40 and Its Antifungal Effect. FORESTS 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/f9110699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study demonstrated that the chitinase gene ChiKJ406136 of Streptomyces sampsonii (Millard & Burr) Waksman KJ40 could be cloned using a PCR protocol and expressed in Escherichia coli (Migula) Castellani & Chalmers BL21 (DE3), and the recombinant protein had antifungal effect on four forest pathogens (Cylindrocladium scoparium Morgan, Cryphonectria parasitica (Murrill) Barr, Neofusicoccum parvum Crous, and Fusarium oxysporum Schl.) and also had the biological control effects on Eucalyptus robusta Smith leaf blight, Castanea mollissima BL. blight, Juglans regia L. blight and J. regia root rot. The results showed that ChiKJ406136 was efficiently expressed and a 48 kilodalton (kDa) recombinant protein was obtained. No significant change in protein production was observed in the presence of different concentrations of IPTG (isopropyl-b-D-thio-galactoside). The purified protein yield was greatest in the 150 mmol/L imidazole elution fraction, and the chitinase activities of the crude protein and purified protein solutions were 0.045 and 0.033 U/mL, respectively. The antifungal effects indicated that mycelial cells of the four fungi were disrupted, and the control effects of the chitinase on four forest diseases showed significant differences among the undiluted 10- and 20-fold dilutions and the control. The undiluted solution exhibited best effect. The results of this study provide a foundation for the use of S. sampsonii as a biocontrol agent and provides a new source for the chitinase gene, providing a theoretical basis for its application.
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Ran H, Wu J, Wu D, Duan X. Enhanced Production of Recombinant Thermobifida fusca Isoamylase in Escherichia coli MDS42. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2016; 180:464-476. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2110-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Hu Y, An Y, Fang N, Li Y, Jin H, Nazarali A, Ji S. The Optimization of Soluble PTEN Expression in Escherichia coli. Open Biochem J 2015; 9:42-8. [PMID: 26464590 PMCID: PMC4598374 DOI: 10.2174/1874091x01509010042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
As a vital tumor suppressor, PTEN (Phosphatase and tension homolog deleted on chromosome 10) is involved
in inherited syndromes, and is among the most frequently inactivated tumor suppressor gene in sporadic cancers. PTEN
loss-of-function widely occurs in human cancers via a variety of mechanisms, including genetic alterations and posttranslational
modification. These suggest PTEN has a role of functional importance in a variety of cancers. In the present
study, we constructed a prokaryotic expression vector that efficiently expresses GST-PTEN (the target protein in which
PTEN is fused with glutathione S-transferase tag) in E. coli. We found that the target protein was partially soluble although
major portions of the protein remained in the inclusion bodies. Furthermore, we explored the optimal induction
temperature, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) concentration and induction time in a series of experiments.
Expression level analysis indicated that PTEN reached its peak level at 36○C for 8 h with 1.5625mM IPTG, while solubility
analysis revealed the optimal induction temperature was at 20○C, the optimal IPTG concentration was 0.1µM and the
optimal induction time was up to 8 h. Taken together, we provide an optimal induction condition for expressing soluble
fusion protein of PTEN in E. coli, facilitating further analysis of PTEN’s biological function in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamei Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Yang An
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Na Fang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Yanzhang Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
| | - Haiying Jin
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Huaihe Hospital, Henan University, China
| | - Adil Nazarali
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition and Neuroscience Research Cluster, University of Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Shaoping Ji
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical School, Henan University, China
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Larentis AL, Nicolau JFMQ, Esteves GDS, Vareschini DT, de Almeida FVR, dos Reis MG, Galler R, Medeiros MA. Evaluation of pre-induction temperature, cell growth at induction and IPTG concentration on the expression of a leptospiral protein in E. coli using shaking flasks and microbioreactor. BMC Res Notes 2014; 7:671. [PMID: 25252618 PMCID: PMC4190419 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Leptospirosis is a zoonose that is increasingly endemic in built-up areas, especially where there are communities living in precarious housing with poor or non-existent sanitation infrastructure. Leptospirosis can kill, for its symptoms are easily confused with those of other diseases. As such, a rapid diagnosis is required so it can be treated effectively. A test for leptospirosis diagnosis using Leptospira Immunoglobulin-like (Lig) proteins is currently at final validation at Fiocruz. Results In this work, the process for expression of LigB (131-645aa) in E. coli BL21 (DE3)Star™/pAE was evaluated. No significant difference was found for the experiments at two different pre-induction temperatures (28°C and 37°C). Then, the strain was cultivated at 37°C until IPTG addition, followed by induction at 28°C, thereby reducing the overall process time. Under this condition, expression was assessed using central composite design for two variables: cell growth at which LigB (131-645aa) was induced (absorbance at 600 nm between 0.75 and 2.0) and inducer concentration (0.1 mM to 1 mM IPTG). Both variables influenced cell growth and protein expression. Induction at the final exponential growth phase in shaking flasks with Absind
= 2.0 yielded higher cell concentrations and LigB (131-645aa) productivities. IPTG concentration had a negative effect and could be ten-fold lower than the concentration commonly used in molecular biology (1 mM), while keeping expression at similar levels and inducing less damage to cell growth. The expression of LigB (131-645aa) was associated with cell growth. The induction at the end of the exponential phase using 0.1 mM IPTG at 28°C for 4 h was also performed in microbioreactors, reaching higher cell densities and 970 mg/L protein. LigB (131-645aa) was purified by nickel affinity chromatography with 91% homogeneity. Conclusions It was possible to assess the effects and interactions of the induction variables on the expression of soluble LigB (131-645aa) using experimental design, with a view to improving process productivity and reducing the production costs of a rapid test for leptospirosis diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leites Larentis
- Fiocruz, Bio-Manguinhos, Vice Directory of Technological Development, Laboratory of Recombinant Technologies (LATER), Av, Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21,040-360, Brazil.
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Gudipati V, Koch K, Lienhart WD, Macheroux P. The flavoproteome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2013; 1844:535-44. [PMID: 24373875 PMCID: PMC3991850 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Revised: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Genome analysis of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae identified 68 genes encoding flavin-dependent proteins (1.1% of protein encoding genes) to which 47 distinct biochemical functions were assigned. The majority of flavoproteins operate in mitochondria where they participate in redox processes revolving around the transfer of electrons to the electron transport chain. In addition, we found that flavoenzymes play a central role in various aspects of iron metabolism, such as iron uptake, the biogenesis of iron–sulfur clusters and insertion of the heme cofactor into apocytochromes. Another important group of flavoenzymes is directly (Dus1-4p and Mto1p) or indirectly (Tyw1p) involved in reactions leading to tRNA-modifications. Despite the wealth of genetic information available for S. cerevisiae, we were surprised that many flavoproteins are poorly characterized biochemically. For example, the role of the yeast flavodoxins Pst2p, Rfs1p and Ycp4p with regard to their electron donor and acceptor is presently unknown. Similarly, the function of the heterodimeric Aim45p/Cir1p, which is homologous to the electron-transferring flavoproteins of higher eukaryotes, in electron transfer processes occurring in the mitochondrial matrix remains to be elucidated. This lack of information extends to the five membrane proteins involved in riboflavin or FAD transport as well as FMN and FAD homeostasis within the yeast cell. Nevertheless, several yeast flavoproteins, were identified as convenient model systems both in terms of their mechanism of action as well as structurally to improve our understanding of diseases caused by dysfunctional human flavoprotein orthologs. Overview of flavin-dependent proteins in S. cerevisiae. The role of yeast flavoproteins in iron metabolism. Biosynthesis and transport of flavins. Yeast as a model organism for investigating human diseases linked to flavoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopal Gudipati
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Karin Koch
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolf-Dieter Lienhart
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Macheroux
- Graz University of Technology, Institute of Biochemistry, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
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Liu CL, Lin TH, Juang RS. Optimization of recombinant hexaoligochitin-producing chitinase production with response surface methodology. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 62:518-22. [PMID: 24099937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Hexaoligochitin produced by chitinase, ASCHI61, from Aeromonas schubertii was recently expressed. In this work, the optimal conditions for the mass production of ASCHI61 were investigated. The efficiency of recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli was determined by various parameters, including the pH of the culture medium, induction temperature, shaking speed, inducer concentration, and induction period. The optimization experiments could be simplified through a statistical design of experiments (response surface methodology). From the fractional factorial design, the interactive effect of induction temperature and time was the most significant. The total activity of the enzyme was 32,092 U at 23.9 °C with 115 min of induction. Under those conditions, the total activity of the recombinant protein was 30,650 U in the fermentation experiments, with an error of only 4.8%. The total activity of ASCHI61 increased 1.54-fold under the optimal conditions. Based on the results, ASCHI61 can be expressed more for hexaoligochitin production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Lin Liu
- Graduate School of Biochemical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, Taishan, New Taipei, Taiwan
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Muntari B, Amid A, Mel M, Jami MS, Salleh HM. Recombinant bromelain production in Escherichia coli: process optimization in shake flask culture by response surface methodology. AMB Express 2012; 2:12. [PMID: 22336426 PMCID: PMC3293749 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Bromelain, a cysteine protease with various therapeutic and industrial applications, was expressed in Escherichia coli, BL21-AI clone, under different cultivation conditions (post-induction temperature, L-arabinose concentration and post-induction period). The optimized conditions by response surface methodology using face centered central composite design were 0.2% (w/v) L-arabinose, 8 hr and 25°C. The analysis of variance coupled with larger value of R2 (0.989) showed that the quadratic model used for the prediction was highly significant (p < 0.05). Under the optimized conditions, the model produced bromelain activity of 9.2 U/mg while validation experiments gave bromelain activity of 9.6 ± 0.02 U/mg at 0.15% (w/v) L-arabinose, 8 hr and 27°C. This study had innovatively developed cultivation conditions for better production of recombinant bromelain in shake flask culture.
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Larentis AL, Sampaio HDCC, Martins OB, Rodrigues MI, Alves TLM. Influence of induction conditions on the expression of carbazole dioxygenase components (CarAa, CarAc, and CarAd) from Pseudomonas stutzeri in recombinant Escherichia coli using experimental design. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 38:1045-54. [PMID: 20953895 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0879-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/15/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase (CarA), the first enzyme in the carbazole degradation pathway used by Pseudomonas sp., was expressed in E. coli under different conditions defined by experimental design. This enzyme depends on the coexistence of three components containing [2Fe-2S] clusters: CarAa, CarAc, and CarAd. The catalytic site is present in CarAa. The genes corresponding to components of carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase from P. stutzeri were cloned and expressed by salt induction in E. coli BL21-SI (a host that allows the enhancement of overexpressed proteins in the soluble fraction), using the vector pDEST™14. The expression of these proteins was performed under different induction conditions (cell concentration, temperature, and time), with the help of two-level factorial design. Cell concentration at induction (measured by absorbance at 600 nm) was tested at 0.5 and 0.8. After salt induction, expression was performed at 30 and 37°C, for 4 h and 24 h. Protein expression was evaluated by densitometry analysis. Expression of CarAa was enhanced by induction at a lower cell concentration and temperature and over a longer time, according to the analysis of the experimental design results. The results were validated at Abs (ind) = 0.3, 25°C, and 24 h, at which CarAa expression was three times higher than under the standard condition. The behavior of CarAc and CarAd was the inverse, with the best co-expression condition tested being the standard one (Abs (ind) = 0.5, T = 37°C, and t = 4 h). The functionality of the proteins expressed in E. coli was confirmed by the degradation of 20 ppm carbazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariane Leites Larentis
- Laboratório de Bioprocessos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, Centro de Tecnologia (CT), G115, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Caixa Postal 68502, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21945-970, Brazil.
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Sidorenko Y, Antoniukas L, Schulze-Horsel J, Kremling A, Reichl U. Mathematical Model of Growth and Heterologous Hantavirus Protein Production of the Recombinant YeastSaccharomyces cerevisiae. Eng Life Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/elsc.200700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Islam RS, Tisi D, Levy MS, Lye GJ. Framework for the Rapid Optimization of Soluble Protein Expression inEscherichia coliCombining Microscale Experiments and Statistical Experimental Design. Biotechnol Prog 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/bp070059a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Liu W, Dreher MR, Chow DC, Zalutsky MR, Chilkoti A. Tracking the in vivo fate of recombinant polypeptides by isotopic labeling. J Control Release 2006; 114:184-92. [PMID: 16904221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
We report a method to incorporate a stable isotope (13C) and a radioactive isotope (14C) into a recombinant polypeptide during Escherichia coli culture in M9 minimal medium supplemented with universally labeled 13C- or 14C-labeled glucose. We chose a thermally responsive elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) as a model polypeptide for this study because of its utility in various biotechnology applications such as drug delivery and tissue engineering. High cell densities were obtained by step-wise adaptation of E. coli to M9 medium in addition to supplementing the medium with trace elements that facilitated growth of E. coli. Furthermore, an optimal concentration of isopropyl-beta-d-thiogalactopyranoside was determined for induction of ELP expression to achieve high yield (mg/L culture) of the ELP. The incorporation of carbon isotopes was stoichiometrically related to the ratio of labeled glucose to unlabeled glucose in the culture medium. The isotope-labeled variants retained the physicochemical properties of the unlabeled ELP, specifically its temperature dependent aggregation behavior. As an example of the utility of this method, the in vitro stability of 14C-labeled ELP in PBS and mouse serum was conveniently quantified by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. In addition, the in vivo stability of the 14C-labeled ELP in plasma was determined along with its plasma pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenge Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Campus Box 90281 Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
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Behm-Ansmant I, Grosjean H, Massenet S, Motorin Y, Branlant C. Pseudouridylation at position 32 of mitochondrial and cytoplasmic tRNAs requires two distinct enzymes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem 2004; 279:52998-3006. [PMID: 15466869 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m409581200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs contain several pseudouridylation sites, and the tRNA:Psi-synthase acting at position 32 had not been identified in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. By combining genetic and biochemical analyses, we demonstrate that two enzymes, Rib2/Pus8p and Pus9p, are required for Psi32 formation in cytoplasmic and mitochondrial tRNAs, respectively. Pus9p acts mostly in mitochondria, and Rib2/Pus8p is strictly cytoplasmic. This is the first case reported so far of two distinct tRNA modification enzymes acting at the same position but present in two different compartments. This peculiarity may be the consequence of a gene fusion that occurred during yeast evolution. Indeed, Rib2/Pus8p displays two distinct catalytic activities involved in completely unrelated metabolism: its C-terminal domain has a DRAP-deaminase activity required for riboflavin biogenesis in the cytoplasm, whereas its N-terminal domain carries the tRNA:Psi32-synthase activity. Pus9p has only a tRNA:Psi32-synthase activity and contains a characteristic mitochondrial targeting sequence at its N terminus. These results are discussed in terms of RNA:Psi-synthase evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Behm-Ansmant
- Laboratoire de Maturation des Acides Ribonucléiques (ARN) et Enzymologie Moléculaire, UMR 7567 CNRSUHP Nancy I, Faculté des Sciences, BP 239, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy 54506 Cedex, France
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Current awareness on yeast. Yeast 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/yea.947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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