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Rizk M, Mahmoud ZM, Azab MM. Spectrofluorimetric and stability-indicating thin layer chromatographic methods for determination of cabergoline, a prolactin inhibitor in pharmaceuticals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121639. [PMID: 35872427 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Simple, Economic, and selective spectrofluorimetric and stability-indicating thin layer chromatographic (TLC) with fluorescence detection methods were developed for the determination of Cabergoline, a potent prolactin inhibitor, and long-acting dopamine receptor agonist, in bulk drug and pharmaceutical dosage forms based on its native fluorescence. Method A was based on measuring the fluorescence intensity at 338 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The measured fluorescence was directly proportional to the concentration of the drug over the range of 50.0-450.0 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 14.4 and a limit of quantification of 43.7 ng/mL. The TLC method (method B) was employed on TLC silica gel 60 F254 aluminum sheets previously exposed to concentrated (30-34 %) hydrochloric acid vapor. Ethyl acetate: n-hexane: diethylamine system with a ratio of (10: 3: 1, v/v/v) developing system was used. The retention factor (Rf) of Cabergoline was 0.58 ± 0.03. Linearity was found to be in the range of 100.0-1500.0 ng/band. The LOD and LOQ were 25.4 and 76.9 ng/band, respectively. The methods were validated successfully according to ICH guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rizk
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
| | - Zainab M Mahmoud
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt.
| | - Marwa M Azab
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo 11795, Egypt
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Shalaby K, Alghamdi S, Gamal M, Elhalim LMA, Tony RM. A validated LC–MS/MS method for analysis of Cabergoline in human plasma with its implementation in a bioequivalent study: investigation of method greenness. BMC Chem 2022; 16:71. [PMID: 36153557 PMCID: PMC9509579 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-022-00862-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cabergoline (CAB) is effective prolactin lowering drug. Evaluation of the bioequivalence for the new test product (0.5 mg CAB film-coated tablets) in Egypt is strongly needed for approval of the drug by the official health authority. Therefore, a highly sensitive and rapid (LC–MS/MS) method was validated for CAB analysis in human plasma. CAB was extracted from plasma via diethyl ether using Quetiapine (QUE) as an internal standard. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in positive ion mode was used, m/z 452.3 → 381.2 for CAB and 384.2 → 253.1 for QUE. Separation was accomplished on a reversed-phase C18. FDA procedures for the bio-analytical method were followed. The method was used in the bioequivalence study to compare the test product (0.5 mg CAB) versus Dostinex tablets, on 24 healthy Egyptian volunteers. The total analysis time was 5.5 min for each sample which permits analysis of various samples per day. The linearity range was from 2.00 to 200.00 pg/mL for CAB. LOD and LOQ were found to be 0.5 and 1.6 pg/mL, respectively. The final greenness numerical value was 0.63 using AGREE tool. The results of pharmacokinetic parameter Tmax were 2.17, and 2.33 h; for test and reference products, respectively. The generic formulation of test product is considered bioequivalent to the reference product Dostinex 0.5 mg tablets and satisfies the requirements of the Egyptian market. The merits of the method over the previous published methods are low cost; availability of cheap internal standard; rapidness; use of acetonitrile-free solvents mobile phase.
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Gori SS, Thomas AG, Pal A, Wiseman R, Ferraris DV, Gao RD, Wu Y, Alt J, Tsukamoto T, Slusher BS, Rais R. D-DOPA Is a Potent, Orally Bioavailable, Allosteric Inhibitor of Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102018. [PMID: 36297453 PMCID: PMC9608075 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutamate carboxypeptidase-II (GCPII) is a zinc-dependent metalloenzyme implicated in numerous neurological disorders. The pharmacophoric requirements of active-site GCPII inhibitors makes them highly charged, manifesting poor pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Herein, we describe the discovery and characterization of catechol-based inhibitors including L-DOPA, D-DOPA, and caffeic acid, with sub-micromolar potencies. Of these, D-DOPA emerged as the most promising compound, with good metabolic stability, and excellent PK properties. Orally administered D-DOPA yielded high plasma exposures (AUCplasma = 72.7 nmol·h/mL) and an absolute oral bioavailability of 47.7%. Unfortunately, D-DOPA brain exposures were low with AUCbrain = 2.42 nmol/g and AUCbrain/plasma ratio of 0.03. Given reports of isomeric inversion of D-DOPA to L-DOPA via D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO), we evaluated D-DOPA PK in combination with the DAAO inhibitor sodium benzoate and observed a >200% enhancement in both plasma and brain exposures (AUCplasma = 185 nmol·h/mL; AUCbrain = 5.48 nmol·h/g). Further, we demonstrated GCPII target engagement; orally administered D-DOPA with or without sodium benzoate caused significant inhibition of GCPII activity. Lastly, mode of inhibition studies revealed D-DOPA to be a noncompetitive, allosteric inhibitor of GCPII. To our knowledge, this is the first report of D-DOPA as a distinct scaffold for GCPII inhibition, laying the groundwork for future optimization to obtain clinically viable candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadakatali S. Gori
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ajit G. Thomas
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arindom Pal
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Robyn Wiseman
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Dana V. Ferraris
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Run-duo Gao
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ying Wu
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jesse Alt
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Takashi Tsukamoto
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Barbara S. Slusher
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (B.S.S.); (R.R.)
| | - Rana Rais
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
- Correspondence: (B.S.S.); (R.R.)
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Determination of levodopa by chromatography-based methods in biological samples: a review. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:1009-1017. [PMID: 35715690 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00132-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Levodopa (L-DOPA) is the most effective drug for Parkinson's disease; however, various side effects occur during therapy. L-DOPA metabolites and the high cumulative dose of L-DOPA were responsible for its side effects. It is necessary to monitor the concentration of L-DOPA and its metabolites for individualized therapy. This review focuses on L-DOPA analysis by chromatography-based methods in biological matrices. Literature published up to September 2021 was collected in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase by using search strategy ("levodopa" OR "L-DOPA") AND ("chromatography"). A total of 1249 articles were identified and 32 articles were included. The contents for method development and validation were summarized and analyzed. Due to the instability of catecholamines (L-DOPA, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopa) and carbidopa, antioxidation (0.5 mg sodium metabisulfite for 100 μL sample) and environment temperature control were used alone or in combination to enhance stability. Sample was mainly pretreated by protein precipitation (0.4-0.7 M perchloric acid). Separation was usually achieved using methanol or acetonitrile:water (with formic acid) on C18 columns. Mass spectrometry, electrochemical detector, ultraviolet-visible detector and fluorescence detector were used for detection. For L-DOPA, the calibration range was 2.5-10,000 ng/mL, the matrix effect and its coefficient of variation was 85-115 and -9.0-8.5%, and the recovery was 66.8-127.0%. Without stabilization strategy, L-DOPA was stable in plasma at room temperature for 1-7 h (4-6 h for most studies), at - 70 °C to - 80 °C for 10-20 days and after 3-5 freeze-thaw cycles. With stabilization strategies, the stability of L-DOPA in plasma was significantly improved. Metabolites of L-DOPA and enzyme inhibitors (carbidopa, entacapone, tolcapone and benserazide) were all stable in biological matrix. This study might be useful for researchers to develop their methods for individualized therapy of patients with Parkinson.
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Masoumeh Taei, Masoud Fouladgar. Solid-State Synthesis of SnO2–Zn2SnO4 Nanocomposite and Its Application for Electrochemical Detection of Cabergoline as Dopamine Receptor Antagonists. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193522010141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Grecco CF, Miranda LFC, Costa Queiroz ME. Aminopropyl hybrid silica monolithic capillary containing mesoporous SBA-15 particles for in-tube SPME-HILIC-MS/MS to determine levodopa, carbidopa, benserazide, dopamine, and 3-O-methyldopa in plasma samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Iron molybdenum oxide-modified screen-printed electrode: Application for electrocatalytic oxidation of cabergoline. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abrantes Dias AS, Amaral Pinto JC, Magalhães M, Mendes VM, Manadas B. Analytical methods to monitor dopamine metabolism in plasma: Moving forward with improved diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2020; 187:113323. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Mohamed D, Hegazy MA, Elshahed MS, Toubar SS, Helmy MI. Novel contribution to the simultaneous monitoring of pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate and levodopa as co-administered drugs in human plasma utilizing UPLC-MS/MS. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY (CHICHESTER, ENGLAND) 2018; 24:397-407. [PMID: 30012017 DOI: 10.1177/1469066718788800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An efficient, selective, sensitive, and rapid ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was established and validated for the quantification of pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate and levodopa simultaneously in human plasma with the aid of diphenhydramine as an internal standard. A simple protein precipitation technique with HPLC grade acetonitrile was efficiently utilized for the cleanup of plasma. The analysis was performed using a Hypersil gold 50 mm × 2.1 mm (1.9 µm) column and a mobile phase of 0.2% formic acid and methanol (90: 10 v/v). The triple-quadrupole mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray source operated in the positive mode was set up in the selective reaction monitoring mode (SRM) to detect the ion transitions m/z 212.15 →153.01, m/z 198.10→ 135.16, and m/z 255.75 → 166.16 for pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate, levodopa, and diphenhydramine, respectively. The method was thoroughly validated according to FDA guidelines and proved to be linear, accurate, and precise over the range 100-4000 pg/mL for pramipexole dihydrochloride monohydrate and 60-4000 ng/mL for levodopa. The proposed method was effectively applied for monitoring both drugs in plasma samples of healthy volunteers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia Mohamed
- 1 Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
- 2 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, 6 October City, Egypt
| | - Maha A Hegazy
- 3 Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona S Elshahed
- 1 Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Safaa S Toubar
- 1 Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa I Helmy
- 1 Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt
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Roof AK, Jirawatnotai S, Trudeau T, Kuzyk C, Wierman ME, Kiyokawa H, Gutierrez-Hartmann A. The Balance of PI3K and ERK Signaling Is Dysregulated in Prolactinoma and Modulated by Dopamine. Endocrinology 2018; 159:2421-2434. [PMID: 29726995 PMCID: PMC6172703 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin-secreting adenomas, or prolactinomas, cause hypogonadism, osteoporosis, and infertility. Although dopamine agonists (DAs) are used clinically to treat prolactinoma and reduce prolactin secretion via cAMP inhibition, the precise mechanism by which DAs inhibit lactotrope proliferation has not been defined. In this study, we report that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) signals through AKT and mTOR to drive proliferation of pituitary somatolactotrope GH4T2 cells. We demonstrate that the DA cabergoline reduces activity of the mTOR effector s6K and diminishes GH4T2 cell proliferation primarily via activation of the long isoform of the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R). Dysfunctional D2R-mediated signaling and/or downregulated D2R expression is thought be the primary mechanism of DA resistance, which is observed in 10% to 20% of prolactinoma tumors. Dopamine-mediated D2R activation results in ERK stimulation and PI3K inhibition, suggesting that these two pathways act in an inverse manner to maintain lactotrope homeostasis. In this study, we found that ERK1/2-mediated prolactin transcription is inhibited by PI3K/CDK4-driven cell cycle progression, emphasizing that the ERK and PI3K signaling pathways oppose one another in lactotrope cells under homeostatic conditions. Lastly, we show that both ERK1/2 and AKT are activated in prolactinoma, demonstrating that the balance of ERK and AKT is dysregulated in human prolactinoma. Our findings reveal a potential use for dual pharmacological inhibitors of ERK and AKT as an alternative treatment strategy for DA-resistant prolactinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allyson K Roof
- Program in Integrated Physiology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Siwanon Jirawatnotai
- Laboratory for Systems Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Tammy Trudeau
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Crystal Kuzyk
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Margaret E Wierman
- Program in Integrated Physiology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Research Service Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Denver, Colorado
| | - Hiroaki Kiyokawa
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Arthur Gutierrez-Hartmann
- Program in Integrated Physiology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
- Correspondence: Arthur Gutierrez-Hartmann, MD, Departments of Medicine and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, 12801 East 17th Avenue, Mail Stop 8106, Aurora, Colorado 80045. E-mail:
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Beitollahi H, Tajik S, Alizadeh R. Nano composite System based on ZnO-functionalized Graphene Oxide Nanosheets for Determination of Cabergoline. J ELECTROCHEM SCI TE 2017. [DOI: 10.33961/jecst.2017.8.4.307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hasanpour F, Taei M, Banitaba S, Heidari M. Template synthesis of maghemite nanoparticle in carboxymethyl cellulose and its application for electrochemical cabergoline sensing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 76:88-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.02.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Yang G, Zhang F, Deng L, Chen C, Cheng Z, Huang J, Liu J, Jiang H. Development and validation of an LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous quantification of levodopa and MD01 in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study ofmucuna pruriensextract. Biomed Chromatogr 2016; 30:1506-14. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guangjie Yang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Fangrong Zhang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Linfang Deng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Chang Chen
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Zhongzhe Cheng
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
- School of Pharmacy; Weifang Medical University; Weifang 261053 Shandong China
| | - Jiangeng Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
| | - Jiangyun Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; Suzhou 215123 Jiangsu China
| | - Hongliang Jiang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy; Huazhong University of Scinence and Technology; 13 Hangkong Road Wuhan 430030 Hubei China
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Vilhena RDO, Pontes FLD, Marson BM, Ribeiro RP, de Carvalho KAT, Cardoso MA, Pontarolo R. A new HILIC-MS/MS method for the simultaneous analysis of carbidopa, levodopa, and its metabolites in human plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2014; 967:41-9. [PMID: 25063927 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of the plasmatic levels of levodopa (LEV) and carbidopa (CAR) is necessary to adjust the dose of these drugs according to the individual needs of Parkinson's disease patients. To support drug therapeutic monitoring, a method using HILIC mode and LC-MS/MS was developed for the simultaneous determination of carbidopa, levodopa, and its metabolites (3-o-methyldopa (3-OMD) and dopamine (DOPA)) in human plasma. A triple quadrupole mass spectrometry was operated under the multiple reaction-monitoring mode (MRM) using the electrospray ionization technique. After straightforward sample preparation via protein precipitation, an Atlantis HILIC (150 × 2.1 mm, 3 μm, Waters, USA) column were used for separation under the isocratic condition of acetonitrile/water (79:21, v/v) containing 0.05% formic acid and 3 mmol/L ammonium formate and the total run time was 7 min. Deuterated LEV was used as internal standard for quantification. The developed method was validated in human plasma with a lower limit of quantitation of 75 ng/mL for LEV, 65 ng/mL for CAR and 3-OMD, and 20 ng/mL for DOPA. The calibration curve was linear within the concentration range of 75-800 ng/mL for LEV, 65-800 ng/mL for CAR and 3-OMD, and 20-400 ng/mL for DOPA (r>0.99). The assay was accurate and precise, with inter-assay and intra-assay accuracies within ±13.44% of nominal and inter-assay and intra-assay precision≤13.99%. All results were within the acceptance criteria of the US FDA and ANVISA guidelines for method validation. LEV, CAR, 3-OMD and DOPA were stable in the battery of stability studies, long-term, bench-top, autosampler, and freeze/thaw cycles. Samples from patients undergoing treatment were analyzed, and the results indicated that this new method is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring in Parkinson's disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Marco André Cardoso
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil; Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Institute of Research, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
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Tajik S, Taher MA, Beitollahi H. First Report for Electrochemical Determination of Levodopa and Cabergoline: Application for Determination of Levodopa and Cabergoline in Human Serum, Urine and Pharmaceutical Formulations. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201300589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Piroozi F, Ghasemi E, Qomi M, Rezaee R, Hashemian F. HOLLOW FIBER LIQUID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION COMBINED WITH HIGH PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR PRECONCENTRATION AND DETERMINATION OF CABERGOLINE IN BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2012.758142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Forozan Piroozi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Ensieh Ghasemi
- b Department of Chemistry , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Mahnaz Qomi
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Raheme Rezaee
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
| | - Farshad Hashemian
- a Department of Medicinal Chemistry , Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University , Tehran , Iran
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Cho YA, Park S, Seo ON, Jeong SW, Lee WK, Kim CY, Kim ST, Cho MJ, Shin SC. Development and validation of an LC–ESI–MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of levodopa, dopamine, L-α-methyldopa and 3-O-methyldopa in rat plasma. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-012-0048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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César IDC, Byrro RMD, de Santana e Silva Cardoso FF, Mundim IM, de Souza Teixeira L, Pontes da Silva E, Gomes SA, Bonfim RR, Pianetti GA. Simultaneous quantitation of levodopa and 3-O-methyldopa in human plasma by HPLC–ESI-MS/MS: Application for a pharmacokinetic study with a levodopa/benserazide formulation. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 56:1094-100. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2011] [Revised: 07/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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19
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Importance of single molecular determinants in the fidelity of expanded genetic codes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2011; 108:1320-5. [PMID: 21224416 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1012276108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The site-selective encoding of noncanonical amino acids (NAAs) is a powerful technique for the installation of novel chemical functional groups in proteins. This is often achieved by recoding a stop codon and requires two additional components: an evolved aminoacyl tRNA synthetase (AARS) and a cognate tRNA. Analysis of the most successful AARSs reveals common characteristics. The highest fidelity NAA systems derived from the Methanocaldococcus jannaschii tyrosyl AARS feature specific mutations to two residues reported to interact with the hydroxyl group of the substrate tyrosine. We demonstrate that the restoration of just one of these determinants for amino acid specificity results in the loss of fidelity as the evolved AARSs become noticeably promiscuous. These results offer a partial explanation of a recently retracted strategy for the synthesis of glycoproteins. Similarly, we reinvestigated a tryptophanyl AARS reported to allow the site-selective incorporation of 5-hydroxy tryptophan within mammalian cells. In multiple experiments, the enzyme displayed elements of promiscuity despite its previous characterization as a high fidelity enzyme. Given the many similarities of the TyrRSs and TrpRSs reevaluated here, our findings can be largely combined, and in doing so they reinforce the long-established central dogma regarding the molecular basis by which these enzymes contribute to the fidelity of translation. Thus, our view is that the central claims of fidelity reported in several NAA systems remain unproven and unprecedented.
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Pan L, Guo Y, Li Z, Chen J, Jiang T, Yu Y. Simultaneous Determination of Levodopa, Benserazide and 3-O-Methyldopa in Human Serum by LC–MS–MS. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1683-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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21
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Lv L, Jiang W, Zhou S, Huang X, Shi X, Lv C, Wu L, Xu C. LC–MS–MS Simultaneous Determination of l-Dopa and Its Prodrug l-Dopa n-Pentyl Ester Hydrochloride in Rat Plasma. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-010-1668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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22
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Jiang W, Lv L, Zhou S, Huang X, Shi X, Lv C, Wu L, Xu C. Simultaneous determination of L-dopa and its prodrug (S)-4-(2-acetamido-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-1,2-phenylene diacetate in rat plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:751-4. [PMID: 20537492 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/04/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive, simple and rapid HPLC-MS/MS method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of L-dopa and its prodrug (S)-4-(2-acetamido-3-ethoxy-3-oxopropyl)-1,2-phenylene diacetate (AEPD) in rat plasma in the present study. The analytes were separated on a C(18) column (5 microm, 2.1 mm x 150 mm) with a security guard C(18) column (5 microm, 4 mm x 20 mm) and a triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source was applied for detection. With alpha-methyldopa as internal standard, sample pretreatment involved in a one-step protein precipitation with 0.4M perchloric acid. The method was linear over the concentration ranges of 50-5000 ng/ml for L-dopa and 12.5-2500 ng/ml for AEPD. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 15% and the relative errors (RE) were all within 15%. Finally, the method was successfully applied to support the pharmacokinetic study after L-dopa and its prodrug AEPD were orally administrated to the Sprague-Dawley rats, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical, Guangxi Medical University, 22 Shuangyong Road, Nanning 530021, China
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23
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Analysis of catecholamines and their metabolites in adrenal gland by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 609:192-200. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2007] [Revised: 12/27/2007] [Accepted: 01/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Sagirli O, Önal A, Toker SE, Şensoy D. Simultaneous HPLC Analysis of Olmesartan and Hydrochlorothiazide in Combined Tablets and in vitro Dissolution Studies. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0304-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Favretto D, Frison G, Vogliardi S, Ferrara SD. Highly Specific Quantification of Ergotamine in Urine, Blood, and Hair Samples by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Ther Drug Monit 2007; 29:325-32. [PMID: 17529890 DOI: 10.1097/ftd.0b013e318067dfe7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ergotamine has been used for therapeutic purposes since the 1950s, usually to treat vascular headache. It is highly toxic and in large, repeated doses can produce all the symptoms of ergot poisoning. A selective and sensitive method, based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS2), has been developed for quantifying ergotamine in biological fluids with use of a quick and easy sample preparation. Ergotamine and the internal standard, trideuterated lysergic acid diethylamide, were extracted from human urine, blood, and hair by means of liquid-liquid extraction at alkaline pH. Gradient elution on a cyanopropyl column was used for chromatographic separation. Positive ion electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry determination by collision-induced dissociation were performed in an ion trap mass spectrometer. The method was validated and successfully applied to a case of iatrogenic ergotism resulting from the intake of ergotamine tartrate for treating headache. For the first time, ergotamine was identified and quantified in hair. The ergotamine concentrations measured were 320 pg/mL in blood, 100 pg/mL in urine, 24 pg/mg in proximal hair, and 15 pg/mg in distal hair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donata Favretto
- Forensic Toxicology and Antidoping, University Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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26
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Önal A, Sağırlı O, Şensoy D. Selective LC Determination of Cabergoline in the Bulk Drug and in Tablets: In Vitro Dissolution Studies. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0211-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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27
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Lindgren HS, Rylander D, Ohlin KE, Lundblad M, Cenci MA. The “motor complication syndrome” in rats with 6-OHDA lesions treated chronically with l-DOPA: Relation to dose and route of administration. Behav Brain Res 2007; 177:150-9. [PMID: 17157933 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2006.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2006] [Revised: 09/27/2006] [Accepted: 09/29/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
L-DOPA-induced motor complications can be modelled in rats with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions by chronic injections of L-DOPA. We have compared the sensitisation and duration of rotational responses, and the occurrence of dose-failure episodes and abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs) in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats with regard to the dose and route of administration of L-DOPA. Rats were treated with either low (6mg/kg) or high (25mg/kg) doses of L-DOPA twice daily for 21 days whereas control animals received injections of either saline or bromocriptine (2.5mg/kg). A dose-dependent and gradual development of AIMs and contralateral turning was observed in rats treated chronically with l-DOPA. Rats treated with bromocriptine exhibited rotational sensitisation but no AIMs. A shortening of motor response duration was not seen in any of the drug-treated groups. In contrast, dose-failure episodes occurred frequently in both L-DOPA- and bromocriptine-treated animals. Changing the route of L-DOPA administration from intraperitoneal to subcutaneous completely abolished failures in motor response without affecting the development of dyskinesia. Based on the hypothesis that higher doses of L-DOPA may be toxic to dopaminoceptive structures, we compared the total number of neurons and the levels of activated microglia in the striatum. No signs of neurodegenerative changes could be seen in any of the treatment groups. In conclusion, both body AIMs and rotations were dose-dependently evoked by L-DOPA. Only AIMs, however, provided a specific measure of dyskinesia since rotations also were induced by bromocriptine, a drug with low dyskinesiogenic potential. Dose-failure episodes were not specific to L-DOPA treatment and could be attributed to erratic drug absorption from the peritoneal route.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna S Lindgren
- Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, BMC F11, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.
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Onal A, Cağlar S. Spectrophotometric Determination of Dopaminergic Drugs Used for Parkinson's Disease, Cabergoline and Ropinirole, in Pharmaceutical Preparations. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:629-31. [PMID: 17409559 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple and reproducible spectrophotometric methods have been developed for determination of dopaminergic drugs used for Parkinson's disease, cabergoline (CAB) and ropinirole hydrochloride (ROP), in pharmaceutical preparations. The methods are based on the reactions between the studied drug substances and ion-pair agents [methyl orange (MO), bromocresol green (BCG) and bromophenol blue (BPB)] producing yellow colored ion-pair complexes in acidic buffers, after extracting in dichloromethane, which are spectrophotometrically determined at the appropriate wavelength of ion-pair complexes. Beer's law was obeyed within the concentration range from 1.0 to 35 microg ml(-1). The developed methods were applied successfully for the determination of these drugs in tablets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armağan Onal
- Istanbul University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Istanbul, Turkey.
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29
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Xiang C, Zou Y, Xie J, Fei X. Voltammetric Determination of L‐Dopa Using a Carbon Nanotubes‐Nafion Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ANAL LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710600824706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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30
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Carta M, Lindgren HS, Lundblad M, Stancampiano R, Fadda F, Cenci MA. Role of striatal l-DOPA in the production of dyskinesia in 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rats. J Neurochem 2006; 96:1718-27. [PMID: 16539687 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03696.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We explored possible differences in the peripheral and central pharmacokinetics of L-DOPA as a basis for individual variation in the liability to dyskinesia. Unilaterally, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesioned rats were treated chronically with L-DOPA for an induction and monitoring of abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). Comparisons between dyskinetic and non-dyskinetic cases were then carried out with regard to plasma and striatal L-DOPA concentrations, tissue levels of dopamine (DA), DA metabolites, and serotonin. After a single intraperitoneal injection of L-DOPA, plasma L-DOPA concentrations did not differ between dyskinetic and non-dyskinetic animals, whereas peak levels of L-DOPA in the striatal extracellular fluid were about fivefold larger in the former compared with the latter group. Interestingly, the time course of the AIMs paralleled the surge in striatal L-DOPA levels. Intrastriatal infusion of L-DOPA by reverse dialysis concentration dependently induced AIMs in all 6-OHDA lesioned rats, regardless of a previous priming for dyskinesia. Steady-state levels of DA and its metabolites in striatal and cortical tissue did not differ between dyskinetic and non-dyskinetic animals, indicating that the observed difference in motor response to L-DOPA did not depend on the extent of lesion-induced DA depletion. These results show that an elevation of L-DOPA levels in the striatal extracellular fluid is necessary and sufficient for the occurrence of dyskinesia. Individual differences in the central bioavailability of L-DOPA may provide a clue to the varying susceptibility to dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolo Carta
- Department of Exp. Medical Science, Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Johansen SS, Karkov J. A fatal overdose of the ergot derivative cabergoline. Forensic Sci Int 2004; 146:47-51. [PMID: 15485721 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2004.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2003] [Revised: 03/16/2004] [Accepted: 03/17/2004] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 79-year-old woman, with Parkinson's disease treated with cabergoline, was admitted to a hospital due to jaundice and weakness. She was found confused, absent minded, and died after 2 weeks. Autopsy showed an extrahepatic bile duct adenocarcinoma with spread to the gall bladder, the liver, and regional lymphnodes. While cleaning the hospital bed after her death, the nurses found several tablets hidden in the bed. Biological samples obtained at the autopsy were screened for common drugs and narcotics. Several drugs such as buprenorphine, codeine, paracetamol, and propranolol were detected in the blood at therapeutic levels. A method to determine cabergoline in whole blood and other forensic matrices was developed, and further investigations determined cabergoline concentrations in whole blood and liver tissue of 94 and 3100 microg/kg, respectively. The blood concentration was 100 times above the therapeutic level reported on cabergoline in plasma and in combination with her symptoms, suggest she took a fatal overdose of cabergoline.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Johansen
- Department of Forensic Chemistry, Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Frederik Vs vej 11, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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32
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:1290-1301. [PMID: 14696212 DOI: 10.1002/jms.415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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33
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Current literature in mass spectrometry. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2003; 38:1215-1224. [PMID: 14648831 DOI: 10.1002/jms.414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
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