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Núñez MJ, Martínez ML, Castillo UG, Flores KC, Menjívar J, López-Arencibia A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, Jiménez IA, Piñero JE, Lorenzo-Morales J, Bazzocchi IL. Salvadoran Celastraceae Species as a Source of Antikinetoplastid Quinonemethide Triterpenoids. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:360. [PMID: 38337893 PMCID: PMC10857229 DOI: 10.3390/plants13030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease and leishmaniasis are among the most widespread neglected tropical diseases, and their current therapies have limited efficacy and several toxic side effects. The present study reports the chemical and antikinetoplastid profiles of extracts from five Salvadoran Celastraceae species against the Trypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes stage and Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania donovani promastigote forms. The phytochemical profile evinced the presence of flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and triterpenes as the main components in all plant species, whereas quinonemethide triterpenoids (QMTs) were restricted to the root bark of the studied species. Antikinetoplastid evaluation highlights the root bark extracts from Zinowewia integerrima, Maytenus segoviarum, and Quetzalia ilicina as the most promising ones, exhibiting higher potency against T. cruzi (IC50 0.71-1.58 µg/mL) and L. amazonensis (IC50 0.38-2.05 µg/mL) than the reference drugs, benznidazole (IC50 1.81 µg/mL) and miltefosine (IC50 2.64 µg/mL), respectively. This potent activity was connected with an excellent selectivity index on the murine macrophage J774A.1 cell line. These findings reinforce the potential of QMTs as antikinetoplastid agents for the development of innovative phytopharmaceuticals and the plant species under study as a source of these promising lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J. Núñez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales (LIPN), Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Ave. Mártires Estudiantes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 01101, El Salvador; (M.J.N.); (M.L.M.); (U.G.C.); (K.C.F.)
| | - Morena L. Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales (LIPN), Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Ave. Mártires Estudiantes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 01101, El Salvador; (M.J.N.); (M.L.M.); (U.G.C.); (K.C.F.)
| | - Ulises G. Castillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales (LIPN), Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Ave. Mártires Estudiantes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 01101, El Salvador; (M.J.N.); (M.L.M.); (U.G.C.); (K.C.F.)
| | - Karla Carolina Flores
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales (LIPN), Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Ave. Mártires Estudiantes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 01101, El Salvador; (M.J.N.); (M.L.M.); (U.G.C.); (K.C.F.)
| | - Jenny Menjívar
- Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador, Ministerio de Cultura, Final Calle Los Viveros, Col. Nicaragua, San Salvador 01101, El Salvador;
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.L.-A.); (C.J.B.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos J. Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.L.-A.); (C.J.B.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
| | - Ignacio A. Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
| | - José E. Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.L.-A.); (C.J.B.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain; (A.L.-A.); (C.J.B.-E.); (J.E.P.); (J.L.-M.)
- Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28220 Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel L. Bazzocchi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain;
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Ambrosio FA, Costa G, Gallo Cantafio ME, Torcasio R, Trapasso F, Alcaro S, Viglietto G, Amodio N. Natural Agents as Novel Potential Source of Proteasome Inhibitors with Anti-Tumor Activity: Focus on Multiple Myeloma. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031438. [PMID: 36771100 PMCID: PMC9919276 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive and incurable disease for most patients, characterized by periods of treatment, remission and relapse. The introduction of new classes of drugs, such as proteasome inhibitors (PIs), has improved survival outcomes in these patient populations. The proteasome is the core of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), a complex and conserved pathway involved in the control of multiple cellular processes, including cell cycle control, transcription, DNA damage repair, protein quality control and antigen presentation. To date, PIs represent the gold standard for the treatment of MM. Bortezomib was the first PI approved by the FDA, followed by next generation of PIs, namely carfilzomib and ixazomib. Natural agents play an important role in anti-tumor drug discovery, and many of them have recently been reported to inhibit the proteasome, thus representing a new potential source of anti-MM drugs. Based on the pivotal biological role of the proteasome and on PIs' significance in the management of MM, in this review we aim to briefly summarize recent evidence on natural compounds capable of inhibiting the proteasome, thus triggering anti-MM activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Alessandra Ambrosio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Giosuè Costa
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (N.A.)
| | - Maria Eugenia Gallo Cantafio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Roberta Torcasio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (Di.B.E.S.T.), University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Francesco Trapasso
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Stefano Alcaro
- Department of Health Sciences, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Net4Science Academic Spin-Off, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Campus “S. Venuta”, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Associazione CRISEA—Centro di Ricerca e Servizi Avanzati per l’Innovazione Rurale, Loc. Condoleo, 88055 Belcastro, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Viglietto
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Amodio
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Campus “S. Venuta”, University “Magna Græcia” of Catanzaro, Viale Europa, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.C.); (N.A.)
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Quiros-Guerrero LM, Nothias LF, Gaudry A, Marcourt L, Allard PM, Rutz A, David B, Queiroz EF, Wolfender JL. Inventa: A computational tool to discover structural novelty in natural extracts libraries. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1028334. [PMID: 36438653 PMCID: PMC9692083 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1028334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Collections of natural extracts hold potential for the discovery of novel natural products with original modes of action. The prioritization of extracts from collections remains challenging due to the lack of a workflow that combines multiple-source information to facilitate the data interpretation. Results from different analytical techniques and literature reports need to be organized, processed, and interpreted to enable optimal decision-making for extracts prioritization. Here, we introduce Inventa, a computational tool that highlights the structural novelty potential within extracts, considering untargeted mass spectrometry data, spectral annotation, and literature reports. Based on this information, Inventa calculates multiple scores that inform their structural potential. Thus, Inventa has the potential to accelerate new natural products discovery. Inventa was applied to a set of plants from the Celastraceae family as a proof of concept. The Pristimera indica (Willd.) A.C.Sm roots extract was highlighted as a promising source of potentially novel compounds. Its phytochemical investigation resulted in the isolation and de novo characterization of thirteen new dihydro-β-agarofuran sesquiterpenes, five of them presenting a new 9-oxodihydro-β-agarofuran base scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis-Manuel Quiros-Guerrero
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Louis-Félix Nothias
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Arnaud Gaudry
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Marcourt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre-Marie Allard
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Adriano Rutz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Bruno David
- Green Mission Pierre Fabre, Institut de Recherche Pierre Fabre, Toulouse, France
| | - Emerson Ferreira Queiroz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Luc Wolfender
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Lai Shi Min S, Liew SY, Chear NJY, Goh BH, Tan WN, Khaw KY. Plant Terpenoids as the Promising Source of Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Anti-AD Therapy. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11020307. [PMID: 35205173 PMCID: PMC8869317 DOI: 10.3390/biology11020307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Plant-derived terpenes have been a research interest in the recent years, as they are believed to possess the ability to function as a cholinesterase inhibitor. As the deficit of cholinergic activity is one of the factors that causes cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease patients, it serves as a great therapeutic target. It has been found that various terpenoids, such as diterpenoids, triterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids, do have the ability to inhibit cholinesterase activity, and their chemical structures do play a role in this. As terpenoids possess anti-cholinesterase properties, it is encouraged to have future research on drug discovery and development in treating Alzheimer’s disease. Abstract Plant-derived terpenes are the prolific source of modern drugs such as taxol, chloroquine and artemisinin, which are widely used to treat cancer and malaria infections. There are research interests in recent years on terpene-derived metabolites (diterpenes, triterpenes and sesquiterpenes), which are believed to serve as excellent cholinesterase inhibitors. As cholinesterase inhibitors are the current treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, terpene-derived metabolites will have the potential to be involved in the future drug development for Alzheimer’s disease. Hence, a bibliographic search was conducted by using the keywords “terpene”, “cholinesterase” and “Alzheimer’s disease”, along with cross-referencing from 2011 to 2020, to provide an overview of natural terpenes with potential anticholinesterase properties. This review focuses on the extraction, chemical structures and anti-cholinesterase mechanisms of terpenes, which support and encourage future research on drug discovery and development in treating Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen Lai Shi Min
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Sook Yee Liew
- Chemistry Division, Centre for Foundation Studies in Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia;
- Centre for Natural Products Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nelson Jeng Yeou Chear
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang 11800, Malaysia;
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Bey Hing Goh
- Biofunctional Molecule Exploratory (BMEX) Research Group, School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wen-Nee Tan
- Chemistry Section, School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (W.-N.T.); (K.Y.K.)
| | - Kooi Yeong Khaw
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (W.-N.T.); (K.Y.K.)
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Camargo KC, de Aguilar MG, Moraes ARA, de Castro RG, Szczerbowski D, Miguel ELM, Oliveira LR, Sousa GF, Vidal DM, Duarte LP. Pentacyclic Triterpenoids Isolated from Celastraceae: A Focus in the 13C-NMR Data. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27030959. [PMID: 35164224 PMCID: PMC8838773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The Celastraceae family comprises about 96 genera and more than 1.350 species, occurring mainly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The species of this family stand out as important plant sources of triterpenes, both in terms of abundance and structural diversity. Triterpenoids found in Celastraceae species display mainly lupane, ursane, oleanane, and friedelane skeletons, exhibiting a wide range of biological activities such as antiviral, antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxic against various tumor cell lines. This review aimed to document all triterpenes isolated from different botanical parts of species of the Celastraceae family covering 2001 to 2021. Furthermore, a compilation of their 13C-NMR data was carried out to help characterize compounds in future investigations. A total of 504 pentacyclic triterpenes were compiled and distinguished as 29 aromatic, 50 dimers, 103 friedelanes, 89 lupanes, 102 oleananes, 22 quinonemethides, 88 ursanes and 21 classified as others.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Grasiely Faria Sousa
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Diogo Montes Vidal
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Correspondence: (G.F.S.); (D.M.V.); (L.P.D.);Tel.: +55-31-3409-5728 (G.F.S.); +55-31-3409-5750 (D.M.V.); +55-31-3409-5722 (L.P.D.)
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Núñez MJ, Martínez ML, López-Arencibia A, Bethencourt-Estrella CJ, San Nicolás-Hernández D, Jiménez IA, Lorenzo-Morales J, Piñero JE, Bazzocchi IL. In Vitro Susceptibility of Kinetoplastids to Celastroloids from Maytenus chiapensis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e02236-20. [PMID: 33753334 PMCID: PMC8316137 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02236-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis and Chagas are among the most significant neglected tropical diseases. Due to several drawbacks with the current chemotherapy, developing new antikinetoplastid drugs has become an urgent issue. In the present work, a bioassay-guided investigation of the root bark of Maytenus chiapensis on Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma cruzi led to the identification of two D:A-friedo-nor-oleanane triterpenoids (celastroloids), 20β-hydroxy-tingenone (celastroloid 5) and 3-O-methyl-6-oxo-tingenol (celastroloid 8), as promising antikinetoplastid leads. They displayed higher potency on L. amazonensis promastigotes (50% inhibitory concentrations [IC50s], 0.44 and 1.12 μM, respectively), intracellular amastigotes (IC50s, 0.83 and 1.91 μM, respectively), and T. cruzi epimastigote stage (IC50s, 2.61 and 3.41 μM, respectively) than reference drugs miltefosine and benznidazole. This potency was coupled with an excellent selectivity index on murine macrophages. Mechanism of action studies, including mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) and ATP-level analysis, revealed that celastroloids could induce apoptotic cell death in L. amazonensis triggered by the mitochondria. In addition, the structure-activity relationship is discussed. These findings strongly underline the potential of celastroloids as lead compounds to develop novel antikinetoplastid drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marvin J Núñez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Morena L Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, San Salvador, El Salvador
| | - Atteneri López-Arencibia
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Carlos J Bethencourt-Estrella
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Desirée San Nicolás-Hernández
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ignacio A Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Jacob Lorenzo-Morales
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - José E Piñero
- Instituto Universitario de Enfermedades Tropicales y Salud Pública de Canarias, Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Pediatría, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Toxicología, Medicina Legal y Forense y Parasitología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Isabel L Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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7
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Talal S, Cease AJ, Youngblood JP, Farington R, Trumper EV, Medina HE, Rojas JE, Fernando Copa A, Harrison JF. Plant carbohydrate content limits performance and lipid accumulation of an outbreaking herbivore. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20202500. [PMID: 33259763 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Locusts are major intermittent threats to food security and the ecological factors determining where and when these occur remain poorly understood. For many herbivores, obtaining adequate protein from plants is a key challenge. We tested how the dietary protein : non-structural carbohydrate ratio (p : c) affects the developmental and physiological performance of 4th-5th instar nymphs of the South American locust, Schistocerca cancellata, which has recently resurged in Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. Field marching locusts preferred to feed on high carbohydrate foods. Field-collected juveniles transferred to the laboratory selected artificial diets or local plants with low p : c. On single artificial diets, survival rate increased as foods became more carbohydrate-biased. On single local plants, growth only occurred on the plant with the lowest p : c. Most local plants had p : c ratios substantially higher than optimal, demonstrating that field marching locusts must search for adequate carbohydrate or their survival and growth will be carbohydrate-limited. Total body lipids increased as dietary p : c decreased on both artificial and plant diets, and the low lipid contents of field-collected nymphs suggest that obtaining adequate carbohydrate may pose a strong limitation on migration for S. cancellata. Anthropogenic influences such as conversions of forests to pastures, may increase carbohydrate availability and promote outbreaks and migration of some locusts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stav Talal
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.,School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Arianne J Cease
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.,School of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Jacob P Youngblood
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | - Ruth Farington
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
| | | | | | - Julio E Rojas
- Departamento de Campañas Fitosanitarias, Dirección de Protección Vegetal, SENAVE, Paraguay
| | - A Fernando Copa
- Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno, Santa Cruz, Bolivia
| | - Jon F Harrison
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, 427 E Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA
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Gonçalves Pereira RC, Gontijo Evangelista FC, Dos Santos Júnior VS, de Paula Sabino A, Gonçalves Maltarollo V, de Freitas RP, Pains Duarte L. Cytotoxic Activity of Triterpenoids from Cheiloclinium cognatum Branches against Chronic and Acute Leukemia Cell Lines. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000773. [PMID: 33108694 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cheiloclinium cognatum (Miers) A.C.Sm. is an endemic species of Brazilian Cerrado that belongs to Celastraceae family. The phytochemical study of C. cognatum branches led to the identification of ten triterpenoids (TPs), 3β-acyloxyurs-12-ene (1), friedelin (2), β-friedelinol (3), glut-5-en-3β-ol (4), α-amyrin (5), β-amyrin (6), β-sitosterol (7), canophyllol (8), 29-hydroxyfriedelan-3-one (9) and friedelane-3β,29-diol (10). TPs 4, 5 and 6 are described for the first Cheiloclinium genus and TPs 8 and 9 were isolated in expressive amounts. Their cytotoxic activities were evaluated against THP-1 and K562 leukemia cell lines. TPs 3 and 5 were the most active, exhibiting lower or similar IC50 against both cell lines when compared to the controls. Their mechanisms of action were investigated suggesting an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis evidenced by up-regulation of BAK mRNA expression. Chemometric studies indicated that their activities may be related to their molecular size and shape as well as electronic interactions of C-3 hydroxy group with molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael César Gonçalves Pereira
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Cristina Gontijo Evangelista
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Valtair Severino Dos Santos Júnior
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Adriano de Paula Sabino
- Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Vinícius Gonçalves Maltarollo
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Rossimiriam Pereira de Freitas
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
| | - Lucienir Pains Duarte
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brasil
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Structural Requirements for Antimicrobial Activity of Phenolic Nor-Triterpenes from Celastraceae Species. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/app9152957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of pathogenic bacteria-resistant strains is a major public health issue. In this regard, natural product scaffolds offer a promising source of new antimicrobial drugs. In the present study, we report the antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans of five phenolic nor-triterpenes (1–5) isolated from Maytenus blepharodes and Maytenus canariensis in addition to four derivatives (6–9), three of them reported for the first time. Their stereostructures have been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques, spectrometric methods, and comparison with data reported in the literature. To understand the structural basis for the antimicrobial activity of this type of compounds, we have performed an in-depth study of the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of a series of previously reported phenolic nor-triterpenes. The SAR analysis was based on the skeleton framework, oxidation degree, functional groups, and regiosubstitution patterns, revealing that these aspects modulate the antimicrobial activity.
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Yamashita H, Matsuzaki M, Kurokawa Y, Nakane T, Goto M, Lee KH, Shibata T, Bando H, Wada K. Four New Triterpenoids from the Bark of Euonymus alatus forma ciliato-dentatus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY LETTERS 2019; 31:140-146. [PMID: 31379978 PMCID: PMC6677265 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytol.2019.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Four novel lupane-type lupane-type triterpenoids (including three norlupane-type triterpenoids), 17β-hydroxy-28-norlup-20(29)-en-3-one (1), 3β,17β-dihydroxy-28,30-bisnorlupan-20-one (2), 3β-hydroxy-20-oxo-30-norlupan-28-al (3) and lup-20(29)-ene-3,23,30-triol (4), were isolated together with ten known lupane triterpenoids (5~14) from the bark of Euonymus alatus forma ciliato-dentatus. Their structures were determined from 1D- and 2D-NMR analysis and comparison of their spectroscopic data with literature values. The known compounds (5~14) were reported for the first time from this plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamashita
- Hokkaido University of Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-1, 7-jo 15-choume, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Madoka Matsuzaki
- Hokkaido University of Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-1, 7-jo 15-choume, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Yuria Kurokawa
- Hokkaido University of Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-1, 7-jo 15-choume, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Takahisa Nakane
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165, Higashi Tamagawa Gakuen, Machida, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Masuo Goto
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
| | - Kuo-Hsiung Lee
- Natural Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7568, USA
- Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Toshiro Shibata
- Tsukuba Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition; 1-2, Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Hideo Bando
- Hokkaido University of Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-1, 7-jo 15-choume, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
| | - Koji Wada
- Hokkaido University of Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-1, 7-jo 15-choume, Maeda, Teine-ku, Sapporo 006-8590, Japan
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Pavarini DP, Selegato DM, Castro-Gamboa I, do Sacramento LVS, Furlan M. Ecological Insights to Track Cytotoxic Compounds among Maytenus ilicifolia Living Individuals and Clones of an Ex Situ Collection. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24061160. [PMID: 30909567 PMCID: PMC6471723 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24061160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Biodiversity is key for maintenance of life and source of richness. Nevertheless, concepts such as phenotype expression are also pivotal to understand how chemical diversity varies in a living organism. Sesquiterpene pyridine alkaloids (SPAs) and quinonemethide triterpenes (QMTs) accumulate in root bark of Celastraceae plants. However, despite their known bioactive traits, there is still a lack of evidence regarding their ecological functions. Our present contribution combines analytical tools to study clones and individuals of Maytenus ilicifolia (Celastraceae) kept alive in an ex situ collection and determine whether or not these two major biosynthetic pathways could be switched on simultaneously. The relative concentration of the QMTs maytenin (1) and pristimerin (2), and the SPA aquifoliunin E1 (3) were tracked in raw extracts by HPLC-DAD and 1H-NMR. Hierarchical Clustering Analysis (HCA) was used to group individuals according their ability to accumulate these metabolites. Semi-quantitative analysis showed an extensive occurrence of QMT in most individuals, whereas SPA was only detected in minor abundance in five samples. Contrary to QMTs, SPAs did not accumulate extensively, contradicting the hypothesis of two different biosynthetic pathways operating simultaneously. Moreover, the production of QMT varied significantly among samples of the same ex situ collection, suggesting that the terpene contents in root bark extracts were not dependent on abiotic effects. HCA results showed that QMT occurrence was high regardless of the plant age. This data disproves the hypothesis that QMT biosynthesis was age-dependent. Furthermore, clustering analysis did not group clones nor same-age samples together, which might reinforce the hypothesis over gene regulation of the biosynthesis pathways. Indeed, plants from the ex situ collection produced bioactive compounds in a singular manner, which postulates that rhizosphere environment could offer ecological triggers for phenotypical plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petinatti Pavarini
- Instituto de Química, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Quitandinha, Araraquara, SP 14800-060, Brazil.
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Cloreen Park, Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5HN, UK.
| | - Denise Medeiros Selegato
- Instituto de Química, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Quitandinha, Araraquara, SP 14800-060, Brazil.
| | - Ian Castro-Gamboa
- Instituto de Química, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Quitandinha, Araraquara, SP 14800-060, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Vitor Silva do Sacramento
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, University, Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Rod. Araraquara-Jaú km 1, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil.
| | - Maysa Furlan
- Instituto de Química, University Estadual Paulista-UNESP, Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, 55, Quitandinha, Araraquara, SP 14800-060, Brazil.
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Taddeo VA, Castillo UG, Martínez ML, Menjivar J, Jiménez IA, Núñez MJ, Bazzocchi IL. Development and Validation of an HPLC-PDA Method for Biologically Active Quinonemethide Triterpenoids Isolated from Maytenus chiapensis. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 6:medicines6010036. [PMID: 30866563 PMCID: PMC6473362 DOI: 10.3390/medicines6010036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Quinonemethide triterpenoids, known as celastroloids, constitute a relatively small group of biologically active compounds restricted to the Celastraceae family and, therefore, they are chemotaxonomic markers for this family. Among this particular type of metabolite, pristimerin and tingenone are considered traditional medicines in Latin America. The aim of this study was the isolation of the most abundant celastroloids from the root bark of Maytenus chiapensis, and thereafter, to develop an analytical method to identify pristimerin and tingenone in the Celastraceae species. Methods: Pristimerin and tingenone were isolated from the n-hexane-Et₂O extract of the root bark of M. chiapensis through chromatographic techniques, and were used as internal standards. Application of a validated RP HPLC-PDA method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of these two metabolites in three different extracts, n-hexane-Et₂O, methanol, and water, to determine the best extractor solvent. Results: Concentration values showed great variation between the solvents used for extraction, with the n-hexane⁻Et₂O extract being the richest in pristimerin and tingenone. Conclusions: M. chiapensis is a source of two biologically active quinonemethide triterpenoids. An analytical method was developed for the qualification and quantification of these two celastroloids in the root bark extracts of M. chiapensis. The validated method reported herein could be extended and be useful in analyzing Celastraceae species and real commercial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vito Alessandro Taddeo
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy.
| | - Ulises Guardado Castillo
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador.
| | - Morena Lizette Martínez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador.
| | - Jenny Menjivar
- Museo de Historia Natural de El Salvador, Ministerio de Cultura, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador.
| | - Ignacio Antonio Jiménez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Marvin José Núñez
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Productos Naturales, Facultad de Química y Farmacia, Universidad de El Salvador, Final Av. de Mártires y Héroes del 30 de Julio, San Salvador 1101, El Salvador.
| | - Isabel López Bazzocchi
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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Salvador JA, Leal AS, Valdeira AS, Gonçalves BM, Alho DP, Figueiredo SA, Silvestre SM, Mendes VI. Oleanane-, ursane-, and quinone methide friedelane-type triterpenoid derivatives: Recent advances in cancer treatment. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 142:95-130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Figueiredo SA, Salvador JA, Cortés R, Cascante M. Novel celastrol derivatives with improved selectivity and enhanced antitumour activity: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 138:422-437. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Anti-inflammatory pentacyclic triterpenes from the stems of Euonymus carnosus. Fitoterapia 2017; 118:21-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Setzer WN. A theoretical investigation of cytotoxic activity of celastroid triterpenoids. J Mol Model 2008; 15:197-201. [PMID: 19048315 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-008-0394-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2008] [Accepted: 10/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations at the B3LYP/6-31G* level of theory have been carried out on 20 celastroid triterpenoids to obtain a set of molecular electronic properties and to correlate these with cytotoxic activities. The cytotoxic activities of these compounds can be roughly correlated with electronic effects related to nucleophilic addition to C6 of the compounds: the energies of the frontier molecular orbitals (E(HOMO) and E(LUMO)), the HOMO-LUMO energy gap, the dipole moment, the charge on C6, and the electrophilicity on C6.
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Affiliation(s)
- William N Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA.
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