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Tan C, Yang SJ, Zhao DH, Li J, Yin LQ. Antihypertensive activity of indole and indazole analogues: A review. ARAB J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2022.103756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Uppulapu SK, Alam MJ, Kumar S, Banerjee SK. Indazole and its Derivatives in Cardiovascular Diseases: Overview, Current Scenario, and Future Perspectives. Curr Top Med Chem 2022; 22:1177-1188. [PMID: 34906057 PMCID: PMC10782885 DOI: 10.2174/1568026621666211214151534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Indazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with a bicyclic ring structure composed of a pyrazole ring and a benzene ring. Indazole-containing compounds with various functional groups have important pharmacological activities and can be used as structural motifs in designing novel drug molecules. Some of the indazole-containing molecules are approved by FDA and are already in the market. However, very few drugs with indazole rings have been developed against cardiovascular diseases. This review aims to summarize the structural and pharmacological functions of indazole derivatives which have shown efficacy against cardiovascular pathologies in experimental settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shravan Kumar Uppulapu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Md. Jahangir Alam
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Sanjay Kumar Banerjee
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati 781101, India
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de Freitas MAG, Amaral NO, Álvares ADCM, de Oliveira SA, Mehdad A, Honda DE, Bessa ASM, Ramada MHS, Naves LM, Pontes CNR, Castro CH, Pedrino GR, de Freitas SM. Blood pressure-lowering effects of a Bowman-Birk inhibitor and its derived peptides in normotensive and hypertensive rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11680. [PMID: 32669617 PMCID: PMC7363796 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66624-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioactive plant peptides have received considerable interest as potential antihypertensive agents with potentially fewer side effects than antihypertensive drugs. Here, the blood pressure-lowering effects of the Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor, BTCI, and its derived peptides, PepChy and PepTry, were investigated using normotensive (Wistar-WR) and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). BTCI inhibited the proteases trypsin and chymotrypsin, respectively, at 6 µM and 40 µM, a 10-fold greater inhibition than observed with PepTry (60 µM) and PepChy (400 µM). These molecules also inhibited angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) with IC50 values of 54.6 ± 2.9; 24.7 ± 1.1; and 24.4 ± 1.1 µM, respectively, occluding its catalytic site, as indicated by molecular docking simulation, mainly for PepChy and PepTry. Gavage administration of BTCI and the peptides promoted a decrease of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and an increase of renal and aortic vascular conductance. These effects were more expressive in SHR than in WR. Additionally, BTCI, PepChy and PepTry promoted coronary vasodilation and negative inotropic effects in isolated perfused hearts. The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor blunted the BTCI and PepChy, with no cardiac effects on PepTry. The findings of this study indicate a therapeutic potential of BTCI and its related peptides in the treatment of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alzira Garcia de Freitas
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Oda Amaral
- Center of Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Physiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Alice da Cunha Morales Álvares
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Sandriele Aires de Oliveira
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Azadeh Mehdad
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Diego Elias Honda
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Sá Martins Bessa
- Integrative Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Henrique Soller Ramada
- Graduate Program in Genomic Science and Biotechnology, and Graduate Program in Gerontology, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70790-160, Brazil
| | - Lara Marques Naves
- Center of Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Physiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Carolina Nobre Ribeiro Pontes
- Integrative Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Castro
- Integrative Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Rodrigues Pedrino
- Center of Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Physiology; Department of Physiological Sciences, Biological Sciences Institute, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.
| | - Sonia Maria de Freitas
- Biology Institute, Department of Cell Biology, Laboratory of Biophysics, University of Brasília (UnB), Quadra 604, Asa Norte, Bloco J 1° andar, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
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Trindade NR, Lopes PR, Naves LM, Fajemiroye JO, Alves PH, Amaral NO, Lião LM, Rebelo ACS, Castro CH, Braga VA, Menegatti R, Pedrino GR. The Newly Synthesized Pyrazole Derivative 5-(1-(3 Fluorophenyl)-1 H-Pyrazol-4-yl)-2 H-Tetrazole Reduces Blood Pressure of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats via NO/cGMO Pathway. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1073. [PMID: 30131720 PMCID: PMC6091002 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The search for new antihypertensive drugs has grown in recent years because of high rate of morbidity among hypertensive patients and several side effects that are associated with the first-line medications. The current study sought to investigate the antihypertensive effect of a newly synthesized pyrazole derivative known as 5-(1-(3 fluorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2H-tetrazole (LQFM-21). Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were used to evaluate the effect of LQFM-21 on mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), renal vascular conductance (RVC), arterial vascular conductance (AVC), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) index, and vascular reactivity. Acute intravenous (iv) administration of LQFM-21 (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg kg-1) reduced MAP and HR, and increased RVC and AVC. Chronic oral administration of LQFM-21 (15 mg kg-1) for 15 days reduced MAP without altering BRS. The blockade of muscarinic receptors and nitric oxide synthase by intravenous infusion of atropine and L-NAME, respectively, attenuated cardiovascular effects of LQFM-21. In addition, ex vivo experiments showed that LQFM-21 induced an endothelium-dependent relaxation in isolated aortic rings from SHR. This effect was blocked by guanylyl cyclase inhibitor (ODQ) and L-NAME. These findings suggest the involvement of muscarinic receptor and NO/cGMP pathway in the antihypertensive and vasodilator effects of LQFM-21.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neidiane R Trindade
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Lopes
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lara M Naves
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro H Alves
- Integrative Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Nathalia O Amaral
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Luciano M Lião
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ana C S Rebelo
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Carlos H Castro
- Integrative Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Neurological Pathophysiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Valdir A Braga
- Department of Biotechnology, Biotechnology Center, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo R Pedrino
- Center for Neuroscience and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
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Raczak-Gutknecht J, Frąckowiak T, Nasal A, Kornicka A, Sączewski F, Kaliszan R. Are Alpha-2D Adrenoceptor Subtypes Involved in Rat Mydriasis Evoked by New Imidazoline Derivatives: Marsanidine and 7-Methylmarsanidine? Dose Response 2017; 15:1559325817701213. [PMID: 28491012 PMCID: PMC5405787 DOI: 10.1177/1559325817701213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The imidazoline compounds may produce mydriasis after systemic administration to some species (rats, cats, and mice). In mydriatic activity of imidazolines, α2D-adrenoceptors subtype(s) seems to be involved. In this study, the pupil dilatory effect evoked by 2 newly synthesized imidazoline derivatives—α2-adrenoceptor agonists: marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine—was compared. The compounds were tested alone as well as in the presence of α2-adrenoceptor antagonists (nonselective, yohimbine, and selective toward the following α2-adrenoceptor subtypes—α2A-2-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-1H-isoindole maleate (BRL44408), α2B-2-[2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl]-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-(2H,4H)-isoquinolindione dihydrochloride (ARC239), α2C-JP1302, α2D-2-(2,3-dihydro-2-methoxy-1,4-benzodioxin-2-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazole hydrochloride [RX821002]). The agonists were studied in male Wistar rats and were administered intravenously in cumulative doses. The antagonistic compounds were given in a single dose before the experiment with marsanidine or 7-methylmarsanidine. Pupil diameter was measured with stereoscopic microscope equipped in green light filter. Marsanidine and 7-methylmarsanidine exerted marked mydriatic effects. BRL44408, JP1302, and ARC239 did not cause significant parallel shift to the right of the dose–effect curves obtained for both imidazolines. In case of yohimbine and RX821002, the marked parallel shifts of dose–response curves were observed, with the antagonistic effects of RX821002 more pronounced. In vivo pharmacodynamics experiment suggests that α2D-adrenoceptor subtype is mainly engaged in mydriatic effects evoked in rats by imidazoline derivatives, in particular by clonidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Raczak-Gutknecht
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Teresa Frąckowiak
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Antoni Nasal
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
- Antoni Nasal, Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Roman Kaliszan
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Kornicka A, Wasilewska A, Sączewski J, Hudson AL, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Gzella K, Belka M, Sączewski F, Gdaniec M, Rybczyńska A, Bączek T. 1-[(Imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indoles as new hypotensive agents: synthesis andin vitroandin vivobiological studies. Chem Biol Drug Des 2016; 89:400-410. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilewska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Alan L. Hudson
- Department of Pharmacology; University of Alberta; Edmonton Canada
| | - Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Karol Gzella
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Mariusz Belka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
| | - Maria Gdaniec
- Faculty of Chemistry; A. Mickiewicz University; Poznań Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Bączek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry; Medical University of Gdańsk; Gdańsk Poland
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Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Balewski Ł. Imidazoline scaffold in medicinal chemistry: a patent review (2012–2015). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2016; 26:1031-48. [DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2016.1210128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sączewski J, Hudson A, Scheinin M, Wasilewska A, Sączewski F, Rybczyńska A, Ferdousi M, Laurila JM, Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Watts H, Ma D. Transfer of SAR information from hypotensive indazole to indole derivatives acting at α-adrenergic receptors: In vitro and in vivo studies. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 115:406-15. [PMID: 27031216 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In a search for novel antihypertensive drugs we applied scaffold hopping from the previously described α1-adrenergic receptor antagonists, 1-[(imidazolin-2-yl)methyl]indazoles. The aim was to investigate whether the α-adrenergic properties of the indazole core were transferable to the indole core. The newly obtained 1-[(imidazolin-2-yl)methyl]indole analogues were screened in vitro for their binding affinities for α1-and α2-adrenoceptors, which allowed the identification of the target-based SAR transfer (T_SAR transfer) as well as structure-based SAR transfer (S_SAR transfer) events. However, when screened in vivo with use of anaesthetized male Wistar rats, the new indole ligands showed a different hemodynamic profile than expected. Instead of the immediate hypotensive effect characteristic of peripheral vasodilatator α1 blockers, a biphasic effect was observed, reminiscent of clonidine-like centrally acting antihypertensive agents. This was supported by subsequent in vitro functional studies in [(35)S]GTPγS binding assay, where the indole analogues displayed partial agonist properties at α2-adrenergic receptors. Since no correlation was found between the in vitro binding to α-adrenoceptors and the in vivo hemodynamic effects of the two series of indazole and indole bioisosteric compounds, in a search for new imidazoline-containing adrenergic drugs, the structure-based SAR transfer information obtained from in vitro binding studies should be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslaw Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Alan Hudson
- Department of Pharmacology, 9-47 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Mika Scheinin
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Aleksandra Wasilewska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-416, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Mehnaz Ferdousi
- Department of Pharmacology, 9-47 Medical Sciences Building, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jonne M Laurila
- Department of Pharmacology, Drug Development and Therapeutics, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Gdansk, Poland
| | - Helena Watts
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Sączewski F, Sączewski J, Kornicka A, Marchwińska A, Rybczyńska A. Circulatory effect of TCS-80, a new imidazoline compound, in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2016; 68:715-9. [PMID: 27127910 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synthesis and hypotensive properties of centrally acting imidazoline agents: 1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (Marsanidine) and 7-chloro-1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indazole (TCS-80) were tested in rats. We have recently synthesized two novel Marsanidine analogues which decrease blood pressure and heart rate in rats: 1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indole (TCS-54), and 7-chloro-1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indole (TCS-213). Among all these analogues, compound TCS-80 exhibits the highest affinity to I1-imidazoline receptors and the lowest α2/I1 selectivity ratio. The observed cardiovascular effects of the compounds might be mediated through α2-adrenergic and I1-imidazoline receptors and subsequent decrease of the symphathetic nerve activity. The present studies were performed to determine whether α2-adrenergic and/or I1-imidazoline receptors are involved in the decrease of blood pressure and heart rate induced by Marsanidine, TCS-54, TCS-80, and TCS-213 in rats. METHODS Anesthetized rats were infused iv with the tested compounds and selective α2-adrenoceptor antagonist, RX821002, or nonselective α2-adrenergic/I1-imidazoline receptor antagonist, Efaroxan. The mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate were monitored directly and continuously throughout the experiment. RESULTS Efaroxan inhibited the hypotensive effect of TCS-80 stronger than RX821002. The degree of inhibition of the hypotensive effect of the remaining compounds was similar for both antagonists. The presence of Efaroxan and RX821002 diminished the heart rate decrease induced by all compounds administration, though the influence on the maximal chronotropic effect was attenuated significantly in the TCS-80 and TCS-213 treated animals only. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that hypotensive and negative chronotropic activities of all tested compounds are mediated by both the α2-adrenergic and I1-imidazoline receptors. Moreover, the circulatory effect of TCS-80 might be mediated to relatively higher degree by the I1-imidazoline receptors than by the α2-adrenergic ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sączewski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Marchwińska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Apolonia Rybczyńska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
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Ferdousi M, Lalies M, Wasilewska A, Sączewski F, Hudson A. The effect of 7-fluoro-marsanidine, a novel α2-adrenoceptor agonist, on extracellular noradrenaline in rat frontal cortex: A microdialysis study. Neurosci Lett 2015; 590:47-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Fluorinated analogues of marsanidine, a highly α2-AR/imidazoline I1 binding site-selective hypotensive agent. Synthesis and biological activities. Eur J Med Chem 2014; 87:386-97. [PMID: 25282262 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2014.09.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The aim of these studies was to establish the influence of fluorination of the indazole ring on the pharmacological properties of two selective α2-adrenoceptor (α2-AR) agonists: 1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (marsanidine, A) and its methylene analogue 1-[(4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl]-1H-indazole (B). Introduction of fluorine into the indazole ring of A and B reduced both binding affinity and α2-AR/I1 imidazoline binding site selectivity. The most α2-AR-selective ligands were 6-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6c) and 7-fluoro-1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-1H-indazole (6d). The in vivo cardiovascular properties of fluorinated derivatives of A and B revealed that in both cases the C-7 fluorination leads to compounds with the highest hypotensive and bradycardic activities. The α2-AR partial agonist 6c was prepared as a potential lead compound for development of a radiotracer for PET imaging of brain α2-ARs.
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Boblewski K, Lehmann A, Sączewski F, Kornicka A, Rybczyńska A. Vagotomy reveals the importance of the imidazoline receptors in the cardiovascular effects of marsanidine and 7-ME-marsanidine in rats. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:874-9. [PMID: 25149994 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recently synthesized novel benzazole derivates - marsanidine (1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]indazole) and 7-Me-marsanidine (1-[(imidazolidin-2-yl)imino]-7-methylindazole) display promising effects on the circulatory system. We previously indicated that i.v. administration of both compounds decreased the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) in rats. The cardiovascular effect of the tested compounds may consist not only in inhibiting the sympathetic, but also in activating the parasympathetic pathways related to vagal nerves. Present experiments were performed to determine how vagotomy, with or without an α2 adrenoreceptor blockade, may affect hypotensive and HR limiting actions of marsanidine and 7-Me-marsanidine. METHODS Both compounds were infused i.v. (10 μg/kg b.w.) to anesthetized rats, half of which underwent vagotomy. Half the intact, and half the vagotomised rats received RX821002, an α2 adrenorereceptor inhibitor. MAP and HR were monitored directly throughout the experiment. RESULTS Vagotomy enhanced hypotension observed after marsanidine administration. The α2 adrenergic blockade abolished the action of marsanidine in both the intact and vagotomised rats. Vagotomy did not affect the 7-Me-marsanidine-induced decrease of MAP or HR. However, it abolished the reducing effect of the α2 adrenergic receptor blockade on the hypotension triggered by 7-Me-marsanidine. CONCLUSION The results show that although cardiovascular effects of marsanidine and 7-Me-marsanidine are not mediated by the vagal nerves, vagotomy enhanced sensitivity of the sympathetic pathways for the tested compounds. While the action of marsanidine in vagotomised and intact rats may be explained by activation of the α2 adrenoreceptors, the effects of 7-Me-marsanidine seem to be α2 adrenoreceptor-independent. It seems likely that activation of I1 imidazoline receptors could mediate the observed effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Boblewski
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Artur Lehmann
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Franciszek Sączewski
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anita Kornicka
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Apolonia Rybczyńska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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