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Liu X, Wang K, Cai G, Li H, Guo Y, Gong J. Comparative chemical diversity and antioxidant activities of three species of Akebia herbal medicines. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Comparative Investigation of the Differences in Chemical Compounds between Raw and Processed Mume Fructus Using Plant Metabolomics Combined with Chemometrics Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196344. [PMID: 36234881 PMCID: PMC9572716 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mume Fructus is a well-known herbal medicine and food with a long history of processing and application. Different processing methods impact the intrinsic quality of Mume Fructus. Thus, it is of great significance to investigate the changes in chemical components during processing (i.e., raw compared to the pulp and charcoal forms). In this study, plant metabolomics methods based on mass spectrometry detection were established to analyze the chemical ingredients of Mume Fructus comprehensively. Chemometric strategies were combined to analyze the profile differences of Mume Fructus after different processing methods. The established strategy identified 98 volatile and 89 non-volatile compounds of Mume Fructus by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS), respectively. Moreover, the orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) indicated that raw Mume Fructus and the Mume Fructus pulp and charcoal were distributed in three regions. Subsequently, 19 volatile and 16 non-volatile components were selected as potential chemical component markers with variable importance in the projection using (VIP) >1 as the criterion, and the accuracy was verified by a Back Propagation Neural Network (BP-NN). To further understand the difference in the content of Mume Fructus before and after processing, 16 non-volatile chemical component markers were quantitatively determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). The results revealed that, compared with raw Mume Fructus, the total content of 16 components in the pulp of Mume Fructus increased while it decreased in the charcoal. Therefore, this study used GC-MS, UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and UHPLC-MS/MS modern technology to analyze the differences in chemical components before and after the processing of Mume Fructus and provided a material basis for further research on the quality evaluation and efficacy of Mume Fructus.
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Wang M, Li H, Gao Y, Li Y, Sun Y, Liu S, Liu Z. A multidimensional strategy to rapidly identify the chemical constituents in Shengxian Decoction by using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2022; 45:3115-3127. [PMID: 35808989 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202200267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As a well-known traditional Chinese medicine formula, the chemical constituents of Shengxian Decoction still remain unclear due to its complexity. In this study, a multidimensional strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and informatics UNIFI™ platform was applied to achieve rapid and comprehensive identification of the complex composition of Shengxian Decoction. Data-independent acquisition, fast data-directed analysis, and high-definition MSE were used to obtain more and cleaner mass spectrum information. As a result, a total of 120 compounds including 74 saponins, 17 flavonoids,7 cinnamic acid derivatives, 8 triterpenoids and 14 others were identified or tentatively characterized by high-resolution molecular mass, fragment ions, and collision cross-section values. Furthermore, high-definition MSE was used to identify six pairs of co-eluting isomers that could not be detected from conventional data-independent acquisition and data-independent acquisition. This research strategy has a certain potential for the analysis of other Compound formulae and lays the foundation for the study of traditional Chinese medicine efficacy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyuan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hanlin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yang Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yanyi Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yuzhen Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Shu Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun & Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Zhongying Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Li Y, Huang S, Sun J, Duan W, Li C, Peng G, Zheng Y. RRLC-QTOF/MS-Based Metabolomics Reveal the Mechanism of Chemical Variations and Transformations of Astragali Radix as a Result of the Roasting Process. Front Chem 2022; 10:903168. [PMID: 35601547 PMCID: PMC9117700 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.903168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix (AR), which is extensively used as a healthy food supplement and medicinal herb, contains two forms of products corresponding to raw Astragalus Radix (RAR) and processed Astragali Radix (PAR), which was obtained by roasting. In this study, a non-targeted rapid resolution liquid chromatography coupled with quadruple time-of-flight mass spectrometry (RRLC-Q/TOF-MS) based metabolomics approach was developed to investigate the chemical changes of AR due to roasting. A total of 63 compounds were identified or tentatively identified. Among them, 23 isoflavonoids (composed of 12 isoflavones, eight pterocarpans, and three isoflavans) and six cycloastragenols were characterized as differential metabolites. Heatmap visualization and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array and evaporative light scattering detector (HPLC–PDA-ELSD) quantitative analysis revealed that malonyl isoflavonoids or cycloastragenols were at higher levels in RAR. These might be converted to corresponding acetyl isoflavonoids and cycloastragenols and related isoflavonoid glycosides during roasting. To prove this prediction, chemical conversion experiments on malonyl isoflavonoids and cycloastragenols were performed to confirm and clarify the chemical transformation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shenhui Huang
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiping Duan
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Cunyu Li
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoping Peng
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunfeng Zheng
- Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Classical Prescription, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yunfeng Zheng,
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Comprehensive profiling of the chemical components and potential markers in raw and processed Cistanche tubulosa by combining ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry and MS/MS-based molecular networking. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 413:129-139. [PMID: 33079212 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02983-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chinese materia medica processing is a distinguished and unique pharmaceutical technique in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which has played an important role in reducing side effects, increasing medical potencies, altering the properties and even changing the curative effects of raw herbs. The efficacy improvement in medicinal plants is mainly caused by changes in the key substances through an optimized processing procedure. Thus, the use of a rapid method for determining suitable chemical markers between raw and processed TCM is critical in order to elucidate how the bioactive compounds influence the clinical effects. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry combined with MS/MS-based molecular networking (MN) and a multivariate statistical analysis method is proposed for the first time. This combination was used to identify the complex chemical composition and clarify the changed constituents between raw and processed Cistanche tubulosa (C. tubulosa). The chemical analysis results demonstrated that a total of 85 compounds were identified in the crude and processed C. tubulosa. Moreover, 34 compounds were detected as chemical markers. This systematic research into chemical constituents and chemical markers of crude and processed C. tubulosa lays a solid foundation for further study of the quality control of C. tubulosa. Moreover, the study provides a new and valuable technical strategy for analyzing chemical components and identifying potential chemical markers for the processing of herbal medicines.Graphical abstract.
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Wang X, Li D, Guo X, Zhang Q, Liao X, Cao Z, Liu L, Yang P. ComMS nDB-An Automatable Strategy to Identify Compounds from MS Data Sets (Identification of Gypenosides as an Example). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:11368-11388. [PMID: 32945671 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino is a popular functional food and is also used as an important medicinal plant in China. Gypenoside, the main active constituent in G. pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, belongs to dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins. Due to its high molecular weight and high polarity, it is difficult to obtain complete compound information for gypenoside extracts via mass spectrometry experiments. In this study, an automated targeted data postprocessing strategy called Compound MSn Database (ComMSnDB) was designed and established to elucidate compounds in gypenoside extracts based on ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS). As a result, 18 types of and 199 main saponin constituents, including 47 potential novel compounds, were tentatively identified from different habitats. At the same time, 15 gypenoside standard compounds were used to verify the feasibility of the ComMSnDB strategy. These results demonstrated that ComMSnDB offers practical value for quick, automated, and effective compound identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research of SIPI, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200082, P. R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Xueling Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Pharmacological Evaluation and Research of SIPI, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry, Shanghai 200082, P. R. China
| | - Ping Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200135, P. R. China
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Jeong MS, Park S, Han EJ, Park SY, Kim MJ, Jung K, Cho SH, Kim SY, Yoon WJ, Ahn G, Kim KN. Pinus thunbergii PARL leaf protects against alcohol-induced liver disease by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanism in BALB/c mice. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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Tan YQ, Chen HW, Li J. Astragaloside IV: An Effective Drug for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases. Drug Des Devel Ther 2020; 14:3731-3746. [PMID: 32982178 PMCID: PMC7507407 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s272355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD), the number one cause of death worldwide, has always been the focus of clinical and scientific research. Due to the high number of deaths each year, it is essential to find alternative therapies that are safe and effective with minimal side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a long history of significant impact on the treatment of CVDs. The mode of action of natural active ingredients of drugs and the development of new drugs are currently hot topics in research on TCM. Astragalus membranaceus is a commonly used Chinese medicinal herb. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus has anti-tumor properties and can regulate metabolism, enhance immunity, and strengthen the heart. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) is the active ingredient of Astragalus membranaceus, which has a prominent role in cardiovascular diseases. AS-IV can protect against ischemic and hypoxic myocardial cell injury, inhibit myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, enhance myocardial contractility, improve diastolic dysfunction, alleviate vascular endothelial dysfunction, and promote angiogenesis. It can also regulate blood glucose and blood lipid levels and reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, the mechanism of AS-IV intervention in cardiovascular diseases in recent years is reviewed in order to provide a reference for future research and new drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Tan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
- Graduate School of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing100029, People’s Republic of China
| | - Heng-Wen Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Cardiology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing100053, People’s Republic of China
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Chemical Discrimination of Astragalus mongholicus and Astragalus membranaceus Based on Metabolomics Using UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS Approach. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224064. [PMID: 31717584 PMCID: PMC6891664 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragalus mongholicus (MG) and Astragalus membranaceus (MJ), both generally known as Huangqi in China, are two perennial herbals widely used in variety diseases. However, there were still some differences in the chemical ingredients between MG and MJ. In this paper, metabolomics combined with the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS) was employed to contrastively analyze the chemical constituents between MG and MJ. As a result, principal component analysis showed that MG and MJ were separated clearly. A total of 53 chemical markers were successfully identified for the discrimination of MG and MJ. Of them, the contents of 36 components including Astragaloside I~III, Astragaloside IV, Agroastragaloside I, etc. in MJ were significantly higher than those in MG. On the contrary, the contents of 17 other components including coumaric acid, formononetin, sophoricoside, etc. in MG were obviously higher than those in MJ. The results showed that the distinctive constituents in MG and MJ were remarkable, and MJ may own stronger pharmacological activities than MG. In a word, MG and MJ may be treated as two different herbs. This paper demonstrated that metabolomics was a vitally credible technology to rapidly screen the characteristic chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine.
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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Xu L, Liu Y, Wu H, Wu H, Liu X, Zhou A. Rapid identification of chemical profile in Gandou decoction by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS E coupled with novel informatics UNIFI platform. J Pharm Anal 2019; 10:35-48. [PMID: 32123598 PMCID: PMC7037531 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Gandou decoction (GDD), a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has been widely used for decades to treat Wilson's disease (WD) in China due to its remarkable clinical effects. However, the chemical constituents of GDD still remain unclear because of their complexity. In this work, a reliable and sensitive strategy based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MSE) and UNIFI informatics platform was applied to investigate the chemical components in GDD. In total, 96 compounds including anthraquinones, alkaloids, protostane triterpenoids, flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins, tannins, curcuminoids, etc, were identified or tentatively characterized from GDD by comparing their retention time, accurate mass within 5 ppm error and MSE fragmentation patterns. Among them, eleven compounds were confirmed unambiguously with reference standards. Representative compounds in different chemical structure types were analyzed in fragmentation patterns and characteristic ions. Moreover, to better understand the chemical contribution of individual herbs to the whole decoction, the corresponding each herb in GDD was also detected. This study developed a rapid method for characterizing the chemical constituents in GDD, which could not only be used for chemical standardization and quality control, but also be helpful for further research of GDD in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China
| | - Yi Liu
- The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.,Waters Corporation (China), Shanghai 201206, China
| | - Hongfei Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Huan Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China
| | - Xiaochuang Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China
| | - An Zhou
- The Experimental Research Center, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230038, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei 230012, China
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