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Kotepui M, Masangkay FR, Mahittikorn A, Kotepui KU. Effect of Malaria on Blood Levels of Vitamin E: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Nutrients 2023; 15:3472. [PMID: 37571409 PMCID: PMC10421180 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E has an antioxidant property and is associated with protection against malaria. The current study used systematic review and meta-analysis approaches examining the variance in blood levels of vitamin E in malaria patients as compared with uninfected individuals. The protocol for the systematic review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD4202341481). Searches for pertinent studies were carried out on Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The combined effect estimate (Cohen's d) of the difference in vitamin E levels in malaria patients as compared with uninfected individuals was estimated using the random effects model. The searches yielded 2009 records, and 23 studies were included in the systematic review. The majority of the studies (80%) found that vitamin E levels were significantly lower in malaria patients than those who were not infected. Overall, the results revealed a significant reduction in blood levels of vitamin E in malaria patients when compared with uninfected individuals (p < 0.01, Cohen's d: -2.74, 95% CI: -3.72-(-1.76), I2: 98.69%, 21 studies). There was a significant reduction in blood levels of vitamin E in patients suffering from severe malaria, in comparison with those experiencing less severe forms of the disease (p < 0.01, Cohen's d: -0.56, 95% CI: -0.85-(-0.26), I2: 0%, 2 studies), but no variation in blood levels of vitamin E among patients suffering from either P. falciparum or P. vivax malaria (p = 0.13, Cohen's d: -1.15, 95% CI: -2.62-0.33, I2: 93.22%, 3 studies). In summary, the present study strongly suggests that vitamin E levels are significantly reduced in malaria patients, with a more pronounced decrease observed in cases of severe malaria. However, the type of malaria parasite, specifically P. falciparum or P. vivax, did not appear to influence the levels of vitamin E. This study highlights the potential role of vitamin E in the pathogenesis of malaria and suggests that improved vitamin E status might be beneficial for improving disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 10400, Thailand;
| | | | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui
- Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 10400, Thailand;
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Mueangson O, Mahittikorn A, Anabire NG, Mala W, Kotepui M. Increased Blood Concentrations of Malondialdehyde in Plasmodium Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1502. [PMID: 37627497 PMCID: PMC10452025 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have evaluated the relationship between malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and Plasmodium infections; however, the findings remain inconclusive. This study synthesized differences in MDA concentrations among patients with different levels of clinical severity, uninfected controls, and different Plasmodium species. The research protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023393540). Systematic literature searches for relevant studies were performed using the Embase, MEDLINE, Ovid, ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Qualitative and quantitative syntheses (meta-analyses) of distinct MDA concentrations between the disease groups were performed. Twenty-three studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the systematic review. Overall, MDA concentrations were significantly elevated in participants with malaria relative to uninfected controls (p < 0.01, Cohen d: 2.51, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.88-3.14, I2: 96.22%, 14 studies). Increased MDA concentrations in participants with malaria compared with uninfected controls were found in studies that enrolled patients with P. falciparum malaria (p < 0.01, Cohen d: 2.50, 95% CI: 1.90-3.10, I2: 89.7%, 7 studies) and P. vivax malaria (p < 0.01, Cohen d: 3.70, 95% CI: 2.48-4.92, I2: 90.11%, 3 studies). Our findings confirm that MDA concentrations increase during Plasmodium infection, indicating a rise in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Thus, MDA levels can be a valuable biomarker for evaluating these processes in individuals with malaria. However, further research is necessary to fully elucidate the intricate relationship between malaria, antioxidants, oxidative stress, and the specific role of MDA in the progression of malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onchuma Mueangson
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Aongart Mahittikorn
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Nsoh Godwin Anabire
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University for Development Studies, Tamale P.O. Box TL1350, Ghana
- West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Accra P.O. Box LG 54, Ghana
| | - Wanida Mala
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
| | - Manas Kotepui
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Tha Sala, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand
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Abdulraheem MA, Ernest M, Ugwuanyi I, Abkallo HM, Nishikawa S, Adeleke M, Orimadegun AE, Culleton R. High prevalence of Plasmodium malariae and Plasmodium ovale in co-infections with Plasmodium falciparum in asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers in southwestern Nigeria. Int J Parasitol 2021; 52:23-33. [PMID: 34390743 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Asymptomatic malaria parasite carriers do not seek anti-malarial treatment and may constitute a silent infectious reservoir. In order to assess the level of asymptomatic and symptomatic carriage amongst adolescents in a highly endemic area, and to identify the risk factors associated with such carriage, we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 1032 adolescents (ages 10-19 years) from eight schools located in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria in 2016. Blood films and blood spot filter paper samples were prepared for microscopy and DNA analysis. The prevalence of asymptomatic malaria was determined using microscopy, rapid diagnostic tests and PCR for 658 randomly selected samples. Of these, we found that 80% of asymptomatic schoolchildren were positive for malaria parasites by PCR, compared with 47% and 9%, determined by rapid diagnostic tests and microscopy, respectively. Malaria parasite species typing was performed using PCR targeting the mitochondrial CoxIII gene, and revealed high rates of carriage of Plasmodium malariae (53%) and Plasmodium ovale (24%). Most asymptomatic infections were co-infections of two or more species (62%), with Plasmodium falciparum + P. malariae the most common (35%), followed by P. falciparum + P. malariae + P. ovale (21%) and P. falciparum + P. ovale (6%). Single infections of P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. ovale accounted for 24%, 10% and 4% of all asymptomatic infections, respectively. To compare the species composition of asymptomatic and symptomatic infections, further sample collection was carried out in 2017 at one of the previously sampled schools, and at a nearby hospital. Whilst the species composition of the asymptomatic infections was similar to that observed in 2016, the symptomatic infections were markedly different, with single infections of P. falciparum observed in 91% of patients, P. falciparum + P. malariae in 5% and P. falciparum + P. ovale in 4%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhydeen Abiodun Abdulraheem
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Diana Princess of Wales Hospital, Grimsby, Northeast Lincolnshire, United Kingdom
| | - Medard Ernest
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD 20852, United States
| | - Ifeoma Ugwuanyi
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia
| | - Hussein M Abkallo
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100 Kenya
| | - Saori Nishikawa
- Graduate School of Social and Cultural Science, Kumamoto University, Japan
| | | | | | - Richard Culleton
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Centre, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
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Babalola AS, Jonathan J, Michael BE. Oxidative stress and anti-oxidants in asymptomatic malaria-positive patients: a hospital-based cross-sectional Nigerian study. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43162-020-00024-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Asymptomatic malaria is a threat to malaria eradication program. Host-related factors (e.g., immunity, oxidative stress, anti-oxidants activities) associated with asymptomatic malaria remain a gray area in research. This study seeks to determine the serum level of oxidative stress and anti-oxidants in 130 symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with different intensities of malaria parasite infection from a hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria.
Results
The prevalence of infection was 48.5% among the respondents. Most of the patients with parasitemia were asymptomatic (64.7%). The mean titer value of malondialdehyde (MDA) was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among those with malaria infection (6.05 ± 0.60) compared with those who tested negative for malaria parasites (2.38 ± 0.28). Furthermore, the mean titer value of MDA was significantly higher (p < 0.05) among patients who showed symptoms of malaria (5.49 ± 0.77) compared with those without symptoms (2.93 ± 0.47). A strong positive relationship existed between MDA (r = 0.717, p < 0.05), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (r = 0.695, p < 0.05), and density of infection. On the other hand, a weak negative correlation existed between intensity and superoxide dismutase (SOD) (r = − 0.115, p > 0.05) and glutathione (GSH) (r = − 0.278, p > 0.05). The level of SOD and GSH also decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with an increase in MDA level.
Conclusions
This study showed that lipid peroxidation did not only increase in positive patients, it also rises in patients with clinical symptoms of malaria. Furthermore, a similar level of anti-oxidant responses was observed in both symptomatic and asymptomatic malaria patients. There is a need to inform health policies that encourage routine diagnosis and treatment of malaria in apparently healthy people if the malaria elimination goal is to be achieved in Africa.
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Namıduru ES, Tarakçıoğlu M, Namıduru M, Kocabaş R, Erbağcı B, Meram I, Karaoğlan I, Yılmaz N, Cekmen M. Increased serum nitric oxide and malondialdehyde levels in patients with acute intestinal amebiasis. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2015; 1:478-81. [PMID: 23569817 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(11)60104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the level of oxygen-nitrogen stress parameters in the pathogenesis of amebiasis. METHODS Twenty-four acute intestinal amebiasis patients and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the present study. Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were determined spectrophotometrically. RESULTS Serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly higher in acute intestinal amebiasis patients than healthy controls (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that oxidative and nitrosative stress may play a major role in tissue damage in acute intestinal amebiasis patients. Also these parameters can be used to supplement the conventional microscopic method for reliable diagnosis of intestinal amebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- E S Namıduru
- University of Gaziantep, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Gaziantep, Turkey
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Chhabra S, Goyal D, Kakani A. Need for relooking into management of eclampsia. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(11)60039-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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