1
|
Zhang Q, Chen J, Lin J, Liang R, He M, Wang Y, Tan H. Porous Three-Dimensional Polyurethane Scaffolds Promote Scar-Free Endogenous Regeneration After Acute Brain Hemorrhage. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01212-x. [PMID: 37995088 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01212-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the most lethal subtype of stroke and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite advances in the clinical treatment of ICH, limited progress has been made regarding endogenous brain regeneration after ICH. Failure of brain regeneration is mainly attributed to the inhibitive regenerative microenvironment caused by secondary injury after ICH. In this study, we investigated a three-dimensional biodegradable waterborne polyurethane (BWPU) scaffold as a tool to promote brain regeneration after ICH. After implantation into the cavity following hematoma evacuation, these implanted scaffolds could act as a reservoir; store a series of necrotic debris, cytokines, and chemokines; and attract microglia/macrophages to their pores. Subsequently, these microglia/macrophages were polarized into the M1-like subtype to eliminate these substances. This process disperses M1-like immune cells and prevents the formation of dense glial scar-free structures after ICH. Inflammatory cells in scaffolds include scar-free secreted growth factors and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and further induce a M2-like immune cells enriched regeneration-predominant microenvironment to promote endogenous brain regeneration with functional recovery. In summary, in this work, we have revealed the potential and mechanism of the BWPU scaffold as a tool to promote endogenous brain tissue regeneration after ICH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinlin Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Med-X Center of Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingjing Lin
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Med-X Center of Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| | - Ruichao Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Min He
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanchao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610000, Sichuan, China.
| | - Hong Tan
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Med-X Center of Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhai Y, Ye SY, Wang QS, Xiong RP, Fu SY, Du H, Xu YW, Peng Y, Huang ZZ, Yang N, Zhao Y, Ning YL, Li P, Zhou YG. Overexpressed ski efficiently promotes neurorestoration, increases neuronal regeneration, and reduces astrogliosis after traumatic brain injury. Gene Ther 2023; 30:75-87. [PMID: 35132206 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00320-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) survivors suffer from long-term disability and neuropsychiatric sequelae due to irreparable brain tissue destruction. However, there are still few efficient therapies to promote neurorestoration in damaged brain tissue. This study aimed to investigate whether the pro-oncogenic gene ski can promote neurorestoration after TBI. We established a ski-overexpressing experimental TBI mouse model using adenovirus-mediated overexpression through immediate injection after injury. Hematoxylin-eosin staining, MRI-based 3D lesion volume reconstruction, neurobehavioral tests, and analyses of neuronal regeneration and astrogliosis were used to assess neurorestorative efficiency. The effects of ski overexpression on the proliferation of cultured immature neurons and astrocytes were evaluated using imaging flow cytometry. The Ski protein level increased in the perilesional region at 3 days post injury. ski overexpression further elevated Ski protein levels up to 14 days post injury. Lesion volume was attenuated by approximately 36-55% after ski overexpression, with better neurobehavioral recovery, more newborn immature and mature neurons, and less astrogliosis in the perilesional region. Imaging flow cytometry results showed that ski overexpression elevated the proliferation rate of immature neurons and reduced the proliferation rate of astrocytes. These results show that ski can be considered a novel neurorestoration-related gene that effectively promotes neurorestoration, facilitates neuronal regeneration, and reduces astrogliosis after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhai
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Yang Ye
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiu-Shi Wang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Pathology, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Ping Xiong
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Yu Fu
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Du
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Wei Xu
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Peng
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Zhong Huang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Yang
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Lei Ning
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuan-Guo Zhou
- The Molecular Biology Centre, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery and Daping Hospital, Army Medical University (The Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu H, Wei T, Huang Q, Liu W, Yang Y, Jin Y, Wu D, Yuan K, Zhang P. The roles, mechanism, and mobilization strategy of endogenous neural stem cells in brain injury. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:924262. [PMID: 36062152 PMCID: PMC9428262 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.924262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain injury poses a heavy disease burden in the world, resulting in chronic deficits. Therapies for brain injuries have been focused on pharmacologic, small molecule, endocrine and cell-based therapies. Endogenous neural stem cells (eNSCs) are a group of stem cells which can be activated in vivo by damage, neurotrophic factors, physical factor stimulation, and physical exercise. The activated eNSCs can proliferate, migrate and differentiate into neuron, oligodendrocyte and astrocyte, and play an important role in brain injury repair and neural plasticity. The roles of eNSCs in the repair of brain injury include but are not limited to ameliorating cognitive function, improving learning and memory function, and promoting functional gait behaviors. The activation and mobilization of eNSCs is important to the repair of injured brain. In this review we describe the current knowledge of the common character of brain injury, the roles and mechanism of eNSCs in brain injury. And then we discuss the current mobilization strategy of eNSCs following brain injury. We hope that a comprehensive awareness of the roles and mobilization strategy of eNSCs in the repair of cerebral ischemia may help to find some new therapeutic targets and strategy for treatment of stroke.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Tao Wei
- Library, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- School of Continuing Education, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qin Huang
- Department of Teaching Affairs and Administration, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Public Health, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yaopeng Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yuxi, China
| | - Yaju Jin
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Danli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Kai Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Kai Yuan,
| | - Pengyue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Massage for Treatment of Encephalopathy, College of Acupuncture, Tuina and Rehabilitation, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
- Pengyue Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou JF, Xiong Y, Kang X, Pan Z, Zhu Q, Goldbrunner R, Stavrinou L, Lin S, Hu W, Zheng F, Stavrinou P. Application of stem cells and exosomes in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage: an update. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:281. [PMID: 35765072 PMCID: PMC9241288 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02965-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-traumatic intracerebral hemorrhage is a highly destructive intracranial disease with high mortality and morbidity rates. The main risk factors for cerebral hemorrhage include hypertension, amyloidosis, vasculitis, drug abuse, coagulation dysfunction, and genetic factors. Clinically, surviving patients with intracerebral hemorrhage exhibit different degrees of neurological deficits after discharge. In recent years, with the development of regenerative medicine, an increasing number of researchers have begun to pay attention to stem cell and exosome therapy as a new method for the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage, owing to their intrinsic potential in neuroprotection and neurorestoration. Many animal studies have shown that stem cells can directly or indirectly participate in the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage through regeneration, differentiation, or secretion. However, considering the uncertainty of its safety and efficacy, clinical studies are still lacking. This article reviews the treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage using stem cells and exosomes from both preclinical and clinical studies and summarizes the possible mechanisms of stem cell therapy. This review aims to provide a reference for future research and new strategies for clinical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Feng Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Yu Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Xiaodong Kang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Zhigang Pan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China
| | - Qiangbin Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hui'an County Hospital of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Roland Goldbrunner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Lampis Stavrinou
- 2nd Department of Neurosurgery, Athens Medical School, "Attikon" University Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University, Athens, Greece
| | - Shu Lin
- Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China. .,Diabetes and Metabolism Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia.
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Feng Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.
| | - Pantelis Stavrinou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Center for Neurosurgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Neurosurgery, Metropolitan Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lv QW, Zheng ZQ, Zhang H, Guo M, Shen LJ. Serum hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha emerges as a prognostic factor for severe traumatic brain injury. Clin Chim Acta 2021; 522:77-82. [PMID: 34411556 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1α) is implicated in the cell's response to hypoxia. We investigated whether serum HIF-1α concentrations are correlated with the severity and clinical outcome of severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). METHODS Serum HIF-1α concentrations were quantified in 104 sTBI patients and 80 healthy controls. Trauma severity was assessed using Glasgow coma scale (GCS). Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score of 1-3 at post-trauma 90 days was defined as a poor outcome. Multivariate analyses were performed to discern the relationship between serum HIF-1α concentrations and outcome. RESULTS Patients displayed significantly higher serum HIF-1α concentrations than controls (median, 294.9 versus 102.7 pg/ml). HIF-1α concentrations were intimately related to GCS scores (r = -0.62) and GOS scores (r = -0.64). 48 patients (46.2%) experienced a poor outcome. Serum HIF-1α concentrations > 280.2 pg/ml significantly distinguished patients with the development of poor outcome with 77.1% sensitivity and 69.6% specificity (AUC, 0.750; 95% CI: 0.655-0.829). Serum HIF-1α concentrations > 280.2 pg/ml emerged as an independent predictor for poor outcome (OR: 4.179; 95% CI: 1.024-17.052). CONCLUSIONS Serum HIF-1α concentrations are tightly associated with trauma severity and poor 90-day outcome, substantializing serum HIF-1α as a promising prognostic biomarker for sTBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Wei Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou branch), No. 666 Dangui Road, Shengzhou 312400, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zi-Qiang Zheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou branch), No. 666 Dangui Road, Shengzhou 312400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou branch), No. 666 Dangui Road, Shengzhou 312400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mi Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou branch), No. 666 Dangui Road, Shengzhou 312400, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang-Jun Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shengzhou People's Hospital (the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University Shengzhou branch), No. 666 Dangui Road, Shengzhou 312400, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ejma M, Madetko N, Brzecka A, Alster P, Budrewicz S, Koszewicz M, Misiuk-Hojło M, Tomilova IK, Somasundaram SG, Kirkland CE, Aliev G. The Role of Stem Cells in the Therapy of Stroke. Curr Neuropharmacol 2021; 20:630-647. [PMID: 34365923 PMCID: PMC9608230 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210806163352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Stroke is a major challenge in neurology due to its multifactorial genesis and irreversible consequences. Processes of endogenous post-stroke neurogenesis, although insufficient, may indicate possible direction of future therapy. Multiple research considers stem-cell-based approaches in order to maximize neuroregeneration and minimize post-stroke deficits. Objective: Aim of this study is to review current literature considering post-stroke stem-cell-based therapy and possibilities of inducing neuroregeneration after brain vascular damage. Methods: Papers included in this article were obtained from PubMed and MEDLINE databases. The following medical subject headings (MeSH) were used: “stem cell therapy”, “post-stroke neurogenesis”, “stem-cells stroke”, “stroke neurogenesis”, “stroke stem cells”, “stroke”, “cell therapy”, “neuroregeneration”, “neurogenesis”, “stem-cell human”, “cell therapy in human”. Ultimate inclusion was made after manual review of the obtained reference list. Results: Attempts of stimulating neuroregeneration after stroke found in current literature include supporting endogenous neurogenesis, different routes of exogenous stem cells supplying and extracellular vesicles used as a method of particle transport. Conclusion: Although further research in this field is required, post stroke brain recovery supported by exogenous stem cells seems to be promising future therapy revolutionizing modern neurology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ejma
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213. Poland
| | - Natalia Madetko
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warszawa. Poland
| | - Anna Brzecka
- Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, Grabiszynska 105, 53-439 Wroclaw. Poland
| | - Piotr Alster
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Kondratowicza 8, 03-242 Warszawa. Poland
| | - Sławomir Budrewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213. Poland
| | - Magdalena Koszewicz
- Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wrocław, Borowska 213. Poland
| | - Marta Misiuk-Hojło
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, Borowska 213. Poland
| | - Irina K Tomilova
- Department of Biochemistry, Ivanovo State Medical Academy, Avenue Sheremetyevsky 8, Ivanovo, 153012. Russian Federation
| | - Siva G Somasundaram
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426. United States
| | - Cecil E Kirkland
- Department of Biological Sciences, Salem University, Salem, WV, 26426. United States
| | - Gjumrakch Aliev
- Wroclaw Medical University, Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw. Poland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu Z, Zhang R, Chen X, Yao P, Yan T, Liu W, Yao J, Sokhatskii A, Gareev I, Zhao S. Identification of hub genes and small-molecule compounds related to intracerebral hemorrhage with bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7782. [PMID: 31667013 PMCID: PMC6816389 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Because of the complex mechanisms of injury, conventional surgical treatment and early blood pressure control does not significantly reduce mortality or improve patient prognosis in cases of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We aimed to identify the hub genes associated with intracerebral hemorrhage, to act as therapeutic targets, and to identify potential small-molecule compounds for treating ICH. Methods The GSE24265 dataset, consisting of data from four perihematomal brain tissues and seven contralateral brain tissues, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and screened for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ICH, with a fold change (FC) value of (|log2FC|) > 2 and a P-value of <0.05 set as cut-offs. The functional annotation of DEGs was performed using Gene Ontology (GO) resources, and the cell signaling pathway analysis of DEGs was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), with a P-value of <0.05 set as the cut-off. We constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network to clarify the interrelationships between the different DEGs and to select the hub genes with significant interactions. Next, the DEGs were analyzed using the CMap tool to identify small-molecule compounds with potential therapeutic effects. Finally, we verified the expression levels of the hub genes by RT-qPCR on the rat ICH model. Result A total of 59 up-regulated genes and eight down-regulated genes associated with ICH were identified. The biological functions of DEGs associated with ICH are mainly involved in the inflammatory response, chemokine activity, and immune response. The KEGG analysis identified several pathways significantly associated with ICH, including but not limited to HIF-1, TNF, toll-like receptor, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, and chemokine molecules. A PPI network consisting of 57 nodes and 373 edges was constructed using STRING, and 10 hub genes were identified with Cytoscape software. These hub genes are closely related to secondary brain injury induced by ICH. RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of ten hub genes was significantly increased in the rat model of ICH. In addition, a CMap analysis of three small-molecule compounds revealed their therapeutic potential. Conclusion In this study we obtained ten hub genes, such as IL6, TLR2, CXCL1, TIMP1, PLAUR, SERPINE1, SELE, CCL4, CCL20, and CD163, which play an important role in the pathology of ICH. At the same time, the ten hub genes obtained through PPI network analysis were verified in the rat model of ICH. In addition, we obtained three small molecule compounds that will have therapeutic effects on ICH, including Hecogenin, Lidocaine, and NU-1025.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhendong Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruotian Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Chen
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Penglei Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Yan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwu Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Yao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | - Shiguang Zhao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Department of Neurosurgery, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Harbin Medical University, Institute of Brain Science, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gao L, Xu W, Li T, Chen J, Shao A, Yan F, Chen G. Stem Cell Therapy: A Promising Therapeutic Method for Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Cell Transplant 2018; 27:1809-1824. [PMID: 29871521 PMCID: PMC6300771 DOI: 10.1177/0963689718773363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one type of the most devastating cerebrovascular diseases worldwide, which causes high morbidity and mortality. However, efficient treatment is still lacking. Stem cell therapy has shown good neuroprotective and neurorestorative effect in ICH and is a promising treatment. In this study, our aim was to review the therapeutic effects, strategies, related mechanisms and safety issues of various types of stem cell for ICH treatment. Numerous studies had demonstrated the therapeutic effects of diverse stem cell types in ICH. The potential mechanisms include tissue repair and replacement, neurotrophy, promotion of neurogenesis and angiogenesis, anti-apoptosis, immunoregulation and anti-inflammation and so forth. The microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS) can also influence the effects of stem cell therapy. The detailed therapeutic strategies for ICH treatment such as cell type, the number of cells, time window, and the routes of medication delivery, varied greatly among different studies and had not been determined. Moreover, the safety issues of stem cell therapy for ICH should not be ignored. Stem cell therapy showed good therapeutic effect in ICH, making it a promising treatment. However, safety should be carefully evaluated, and more clinical trials are required before stem cell therapy can be extensively applied to clinical use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liansheng Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weilin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jingyin Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Anwen Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feng Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Milner E, Johnson AW, Nelson JW, Harries MD, Gidday JM, Han BH, Zipfel GJ. HIF-1α Mediates Isoflurane-Induced Vascular Protection in Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:325-37. [PMID: 25909079 PMCID: PMC4402079 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) depends critically on delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) – a process driven primarily by vascular events including cerebral vasospasm, microvessel thrombosis, and microvascular dysfunction. This study sought to determine the impact of postconditioning – the phenomenon whereby endogenous protection against severe injury is enhanced by subsequent exposure to a mild stressor – on SAH-induced DCI. Methods Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to sham, SAH, or SAH plus isoflurane postconditioning. Neurological outcome was assessed daily via sensorimotor scoring. Contributors to DCI including cerebral vasospasm, microvessel thrombosis, and microvascular dysfunction were measured 3 days later. Isoflurane-induced changes in hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1α)-dependent genes were assessed via quantitative polymerase chain reaction. HIF-1α was inhibited pharmacologically via 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2) or genetically via endothelial cell HIF-1α-null mice (EC-HIF-1α-null). All experiments were performed in a randomized and blinded fashion. Results Isoflurane postconditioning initiated at clinically relevant time points after SAH significantly reduced cerebral vasospasm, microvessel thrombosis, microvascular dysfunction, and neurological deficits in wild-type (WT) mice. Isoflurane modulated HIF-1α-dependent genes – changes that were abolished in 2ME2-treated WT mice and EC-HIF-1α-null mice. Isoflurane-induced DCI protection was attenuated in 2ME2-treated WT mice and EC-HIF-1α-null mice. Interpretation Isoflurane postconditioning provides strong HIF-1α-mediated macro- and microvascular protection in SAH, leading to improved neurological outcome. These results implicate cerebral vessels as a key target for the brain protection afforded by isoflurane postconditioning, and HIF-1α as a critical mediator of this vascular protection. They also identify isoflurane postconditioning as a promising novel therapeutic for SAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Milner
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 ; Program in Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - Andrew W Johnson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - James W Nelson
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - Michael D Harries
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - Jeffrey M Gidday
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 ; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - Byung Hee Han
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 ; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| | - Gregory J Zipfel
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 ; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108 ; Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine St. Louis, Missouri, 63108
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou W, Marinescu M, Veltkamp R. Only Very Early Oxygen Therapy Attenuates Posthemorrhagic Edema Formation and Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption in Murine Intracerebral Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 2014; 22:121-32. [DOI: 10.1007/s12028-014-0013-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|