1
|
Upadhyay TK, Trivedi R, Khan F, Al-Keridis LA, Pandey P, Sharangi AB, Alshammari N, Abdullah NM, Yadav DK, Saeed M. In vitro elucidation of antioxidant, antiproliferative, and apoptotic potential of yeast-derived β-1,3-glucan particles against cervical cancer cells. Front Oncol 2022; 12:942075. [PMID: 36059639 PMCID: PMC9436396 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.942075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is the leading cause of mortality worldwide and in particular is the fourth most common cause of mortality in women every year. Conventional treatments for cancer are chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which have various kinds of side effects. Hence, there is a high need to develop alternative, efficient, and safer therapies for cancer treatment. β-Glucan, a novel polysaccharide isolated from baker’s yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, shows noteworthy cytotoxicity toward a variety of cancer cell lines in vitro. In this research, we characterized the β-glucan with high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) analysis and found that d-glucose units with β-1,3 links are the major component of the extracted β-glucan particles. Fourier transform IR (FTIR) analysis confirmed a β-(1→3)-linked glucan structure. In vitro cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT with IC50 136 μg/ml, and therapeutic potential was assessed by various assays using values below and above the IC50. A significant reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation at 50–150 μg/ml of concentrations indicated the apoptosis of cervical cancer cells. Along with ROS generation, these concentrations were also found to induce morphological changes such as fragmentation in DNA upon staining HeLa cells with DAPI. Mitochondrial membrane potential was significantly reduced after increasing the dose of treatment, assessed with the help of MitoTracker dye. Hence, by all these experimental supports, we observed that β-glucan has the potential to slow down the growth of cervical cancer cells, and it can be further investigated for unfolding its complete anticancer potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Kumar Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Rashmi Trivedi
- Department of Biotechnology, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences and Centre of Research for Development, Parul University, Vadodara, India
| | - Fahad Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Pratibha Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Amit Baran Sharangi
- Department of Plantation, Spices, Medicinal and Aromatic Crops, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya (BCKV)-Agricultural University, Mohanpur, India
| | - Nawaf Alshammari
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiya M. Abdullah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy and Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| | - Mohd Saeed
- Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Mohd Saeed, ; Dharmendra Kumar Yadav, ; Tarun Kumar Upadhyay, ; Lamya Ahmed Al-Keridis,
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
El-Deeb NM, Ibrahim OM, Mohamed MA, Farag MMS, Farrag AA, El-Aassar MR. Alginate/κ-carrageenan oral microcapsules loaded with Agaricus bisporus polysaccharides MH751906 for natural killer cells mediated colon cancer immunotherapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 205:385-395. [PMID: 35183600 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The current study explores the effect of the extracted novel Mushroom polysaccharides and its formulation onto Alginate (Alg.)/kappa carrageenan microcapsules to exert immunotherapeutic effect upon activating gut resident natural killer cells (NK) against colon cancer. The extracted polysaccharides of Agaricus bisporus MH751906 was microcapsulated in Alg/κ-carrageenan microcapsules as an oral delivery system for colon cancer. The microcapsule is characterized by SEM, FTIR, Raman and TGA; and showed a superior acidic stability, controlled release, and thermal stability at high temperature with higher hydrogel swelling rate in colon-mimicking pH. Upon activation of human NK cells with microcapsules (ANK cells), a significant increase in CD16+CD56+ NK cell populations were recorded. These activated NK cells showed 74.09% cytotoxic effects against human colon cancer Caco-2 cells where majority of cancer cell populations arrested at G0/G1 phase leading to apoptosis. The apoptotic molecular mechanism induced by ANK cells on Caco-2 treated cells is through down regulations of both BCL2 and TGF surviving genes and up regulation in IkappaB-α gene expression. Therefore, this novel polysaccharides-alginate/κ-carrageenan microcapsules can be used as an oral targeted delivery system for colon cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nehal M El-Deeb
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt; Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA city), New Borg El-Arab City 21934, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Omar M Ibrahim
- Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, United States
| | - Mahmoud A Mohamed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M S Farag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Farrag
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt; Fermentation Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology Center, Al-Azhar University, 11884 Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - M R El-Aassar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka 2014, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Inhibitory effects of orally administered pectic polysaccharides extracted from the citrus Hallabong peel on lung metastasis. FOOD BIOSCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2021.101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
4
|
Enhanced Erinacine A Production by Hericium erinaceus Using Solid-State Cultivation. FERMENTATION 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation7030182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hericium erinaceus (HE) is a large edible medicinal fungus. Erinacine A (ErA) is a secondary metabolite presented in the mycelia of HE, with pharmacological effects as a nerve growth factor on the central nervous system. In this study, solid-state cultivation of HE was carried out in Petri dishes and glass jars for the production of mycelial biomass and ErA. The potato dextrose agar (PDA) had the highest mycelial biomass at an optimal temperature of 25 °C, but no ErA was found in the agar media. In glass jar cultivation, the mycelial biomass and specific yield of ErA in different substrates, particle sizes, substrate weights, nitrogen sources, and inorganic salts were investigated. The ErA was purified by a self-pack silica gel column and a semi-preparative HPLC and was identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. The best conditions for solid-state cultivation of HE when using corn kernel as substrate, particle size less than 2.38 mm, and addition of 10mM ZnSO4, 7H2O, mycelial biomass of 50.24 mg cell dry weight/g substrate was obtained, in addition, the specific yield of ErA could reach 165.36 mg/g cell dry weight.
Collapse
|
5
|
The use of Hericium erinaceus and Trametes versicolor extracts in supportive treatment in oncology. ACTA PHARMACEUTICA (ZAGREB, CROATIA) 2021; 71:1-16. [PMID: 32697746 DOI: 10.2478/acph-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Substances available in nature with potential therapeutic effects are the subject of research that raises tremendous hopes for new challenges in medicine. Fungi are the most common organisms in the ecosystem and the most interesting in this respect. This review discusses two species of edible fungi, used for centuries in Eastern natural medicine, with the best-documented effect - Hericium erinaceus (He) and Trametes versicolor (Tv). The results of in vivo and in vitro studies conducted on mice and human cell lines demonstrate immunomodulatory, potentially, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and neuroregenerative effects of substances isolated from these fungi. The substances contained in the extracts of He and Tv seem to have immunomodulatory effects that may support chemotherapy. The use of these extracts is justified stronger than the other supportive treat ments based on supplements.
Collapse
|
6
|
Patanapongpibul M, Chen QH. Immune Modulation of Asian Folk Herbal Medicines and Related Chemical Components for Cancer Management. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:3042-3067. [DOI: 10.2174/0929867324666170705112644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Various exciting immunotherapies aiming to address immune deficiency induced
by tumor and treatment hold promise in improving the quality of life and survival
rate of cancer patients. It is thus becoming an important and rewarding arena to develop
some appropriate immune modulators for cancer prevention and/or treatment. Exploitation
of natural products-based immune modulators is of particular imperative because the
potential of numerous traditional herbal medicines and edible mushrooms in boosting
human immune system has long been verified by folklore practices. This review summarizes
the immune modulations of various herbal medicines and edible mushrooms, their
crude extracts, and/or key chemical components that have been, at least partly, associated
with their cancer management. This article also tabulates the origin of species, key
chemical components, and clinical studies of these herbal medicines and edible mushrooms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manee Patanapongpibul
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
| | - Qiao-Hong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, California State University Fresno, 2555 E. San Ramon Avenue, M/S SB70, Fresno, CA 93740, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang XY, Zhang DD, Yin JY, Nie SP, Xie MY. Recent developments in Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides: extraction, purification, structural characteristics and biological activities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 59:S96-S115. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1521370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Duo-duo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun-Yi Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shao-Ping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming-Yong Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, China-Canada Joint Lab of Food Science and Technology (Nanchang), Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Isolation, purification and physicochemical properties of polysaccharide from fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus and its effect on colonic health of mice. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 107:1310-1319. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
9
|
Jamil NAM, Rashid NMN, Hamid MHA, Rahmad N, Al-Obaidi JR. Comparative nutritional and mycochemical contents, biological activities and LC/MS screening of tuber from new recipe cultivation technique with wild type tuber of tiger's milk mushroom of species Lignosus rhinocerus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 34:1. [PMID: 29204733 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-017-2385-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Tiger's milk mushroom is known for its valuable medicinal properties, especially the tuber part. However, wild tuber is very hard to obtain as it grows underground. This study first aimed to cultivate tiger's milk mushroom tuber through a cultivation technique, and second to compare nutritional and mycochemical contents, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities and compound screening of the cultivated tuber with the wild tuber. Results showed an increase in carbohydrate content by 45.81% and protein content by 123.68% in the cultivated tuber while fat content reduced by 13.04%. Cultivated tuber also showed an increase of up to 64.21% for total flavonoid-like compounds and 62.51% of total β-D-glucan compared to the wild tuber. The antioxidant activity of cultivated tuber and wild tuber was 760 and 840 µg mL-1, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of boiled water extract of cultivated tuber against a human lung cancer cell line (A549) was 65.50 ± 2.12 µg mL-1 and against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF7) was 19.35 ± 0.11 µg mL-1. β-D-glucan extract from the purification of boiled water extract of cultivated tuber showed cytotoxic activity at 57.78 ± 2.29 µg mL-1 against A549 and 33.50 ± 1.41 µg mL-1 against MCF7. However, the β-glucan extract from wild tuber did not show a cytotoxic effect against either the A549 or MCF7 cell lines. Also, neither of the extracts from cultivated tuber and wild tuber showed an effect against a normal cell line (MRC5). Compound profiling through by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC/MS) showed the appearance of new compounds in the cultivated tuber. In conclusion, our cultivated tuber of tiger's milk mushroom using a new recipe cultivation technique showed improved nutrient and bioactive compound contents, and antioxidant and cytotoxic activities compared to the wild tuber. Further investigations are required to obtain a better quality of cultivated tuber.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nor Azreen Mohd Jamil
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute Malaysia, C/O MARDI Headquarters, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Mohamad Hasril Abd Hamid
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute Malaysia, C/O MARDI Headquarters, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norasfaliza Rahmad
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute Malaysia, C/O MARDI Headquarters, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jameel R Al-Obaidi
- Agro-Biotechnology Institute Malaysia, C/O MARDI Headquarters, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ullah MI, Akhtar M, Awais MM, Anwar MI, Khaliq K. Evaluation of immunostimulatory and immunotherapeutic effects of tropical mushroom (Lentinus edodes) against eimeriasis in chicken. Trop Anim Health Prod 2017; 50:97-104. [DOI: 10.1007/s11250-017-1407-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/17/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
11
|
Sheng X, Yan J, Meng Y, Kang Y, Han Z, Tai G, Zhou Y, Cheng H. Immunomodulatory effects of Hericium erinaceus derived polysaccharides are mediated by intestinal immunology. Food Funct 2017; 8:1020-1027. [PMID: 28266682 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00071e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at investigating the immunomodulating activity of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) in mice, by assessing splenic lymphocyte proliferation (cell-mediated immunity), serum hemolysin levels (humoral immunity), phagocytic capacity of peritoneal cavity phagocytes (macrophage phagocytosis), and NK cell activity. ELISA of immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in the lamina propria, and western blotting of small intestinal proteins were also performed to gain insight into the mechanism by which HEP affects the intestinal immune system. Here, we report that HEP improves immune function by functionally enhancing cell-mediated and humoral immunity, macrophage phagocytosis, and NK cell activity. In addition, HEP was found to upregulate the secretion of SIgA and activate the MAPK and AKT cellular signaling pathways in the intestine. In conclusion, all these results allow us to postulate that the immunomodulatory effects of HEP are most likely attributed to the effective regulation of intestinal mucosal immune activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Sheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Jingmin Yan
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Yue Meng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Yuying Kang
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Zhen Han
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Guihua Tai
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Yifa Zhou
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| | - Hairong Cheng
- Jilin Province Key Laboratory on Chemistry and Biology of Changbai Mountain Natural Drugs, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Immunomodulatory effects of ethanol extract of germinated ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum). Lab Anim Res 2017; 33:32-39. [PMID: 28400837 PMCID: PMC5385280 DOI: 10.5625/lar.2017.33.1.32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the immunomodulatory activity of ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) extract (IPE) in vitro and in vivo. Raji (a human B cell line) and Jurkat (a human T cell line) cells were treated with various doses of IPE and cell proliferation was measured by WST assay. Results showed that IPE promoted the proliferation of both Raji and Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner. IPE also enhanced IL-6 and TNF-α production in macrophages in the presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), although IPE alone did not induce cytokine production. Moreover, IPE treatment upregulated iNOS gene expression in macrophages in a time- and dose-dependent manner and led to the production of nitric oxide in macrophages in the presence of IFNγ. In vivo studies revealed that oral administration of IPE for 2 weeks increased the differentiation of CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ cells in splenocytes. These findings suggested that IPE has immunomodulatory effects and could be developed as an immunomodulatory supplement.
Collapse
|
13
|
Roudi R, Mohammadi SR, Roudbary M, Mohsenzadegan M. Lung cancer and β-glucans: review of potential therapeutic applications. Invest New Drugs 2017; 35:509-517. [PMID: 28303529 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-017-0449-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The potential of natural substances with immunotherapeutic properties has long been studied. β-glucans, a cell wall component of certain bacteria and fungi, potentiate the immune system against microbes and toxic substances. Moreover, β-glucans are known to exhibit direct anticancer effects and can suppress cancer proliferation through immunomodulatory pathways. Mortality of lung cancer has been alarmingly increasingly worldwide; therefore, treatment of lung cancer is an urgent necessity. Numerous researchers are now dedicated to using β-glucans as a therapy for lung cancer. In the present attempt, we have reviewed the studies addressing therapeutic effects of β-glucans in primary and metastatic lung cancer published in the time period of 1991-2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Roudi
- Oncopathology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahla Roudbar Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Mycology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Roudbary
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Thongbai B, Rapior S, Hyde KD, Wittstein K, Stadler M. Hericium erinaceus, an amazing medicinal mushroom. Mycol Prog 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1105-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
|
15
|
Tissue invasion and metastasis: Molecular, biological and clinical perspectives. Semin Cancer Biol 2015; 35 Suppl:S244-S275. [PMID: 25865774 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 327] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a key health issue across the world, causing substantial patient morbidity and mortality. Patient prognosis is tightly linked with metastatic dissemination of the disease to distant sites, with metastatic diseases accounting for a vast percentage of cancer patient mortality. While advances in this area have been made, the process of cancer metastasis and the factors governing cancer spread and establishment at secondary locations is still poorly understood. The current article summarizes recent progress in this area of research, both in the understanding of the underlying biological processes and in the therapeutic strategies for the management of metastasis. This review lists the disruption of E-cadherin and tight junctions, key signaling pathways, including urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/v-akt murine thymoma viral oncogene (PI3K/AKT), focal adhesion kinase (FAK), β-catenin/zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 1 (ZEB-1) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), together with inactivation of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) activity as key targets and the use of phytochemicals, or natural products, such as those from Agaricus blazei, Albatrellus confluens, Cordyceps militaris, Ganoderma lucidum, Poria cocos and Silybum marianum, together with diet derived fatty acids gamma linolenic acid (GLA) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) and inhibitory compounds as useful approaches to target tissue invasion and metastasis as well as other hallmark areas of cancer. Together, these strategies could represent new, inexpensive, low toxicity strategies to aid in the management of cancer metastasis as well as having holistic effects against other cancer hallmarks.
Collapse
|
16
|
Garona J, Pifano M, Orlando UD, Pastrian MB, Iannucci NB, Ortega HH, Podesta EJ, Gomez DE, Ripoll GV, Alonso DF. The novel desmopressin analogue [V4Q5]dDAVP inhibits angiogenesis, tumour growth and metastases in vasopressin type 2 receptor-expressing breast cancer models. Int J Oncol 2015; 46:2335-45. [PMID: 25846632 PMCID: PMC4441290 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.2952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Desmopressin (dDAVP) is a safe haemostatic agent with previously reported antitumour activity. It acts as a selective agonist for the V2 vasopressin membrane receptor (V2r) present on tumour cells and microvasculature. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the novel peptide derivative [V4Q5]dDAVP in V2r-expressing preclinical mouse models of breast cancer. We assessed antitumour effects of [V4Q5]dDAVP using human MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma cells, as well as the highly metastatic mouse F3II cell line. Effect on in vitro cancer cell growth was evaluated by cell proliferation and clonogenic assays. Cell cycle distribution was analysed by flow cytometry. In order to study the effect of intravenously administered [V4Q5]dDAVP on tumour growth and angiogenesis, breast cancer xenografts were generated in athymic mice. F3II cells were injected into syngeneic mice to evaluate the effect of [V4Q5]dDAVP on spontaneous and experimental metastatic spread. In vitro cytostatic effects of [V4Q5]dDAVP against breast cancer cells were greater than those of dDAVP, and associated with V2r-activated signal transduction and partial cell cycle arrest. In MDA-MB-231 xenografts, [V4Q5]dDAVP (0.3 μg/kg, thrice a week) reduced tumour growth and angiogenesis. Treatment of F3II mammary tumour-bearing immunocompetent mice resulted in complete inhibition of metastatic progression. [V4Q5]dDAVP also displayed greater antimetastatic efficacy than dDAVP on experimental lung colonisation by F3II cells. The novel analogue was well tolerated in preliminary acute toxicology studies, at doses ≥300-fold above that required for anti-angiogenic/antimetastatic effects. Our data establish the preclinical activity of [V4Q5]dDAVP in aggressive breast cancer, providing the rationale for further clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Garona
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marina Pifano
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ulises D Orlando
- Biomedical Research Institute (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria B Pastrian
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nancy B Iannucci
- School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hugo H Ortega
- Institute of Veterinary Sciences (ICIVET-CONICET), National University of Litoral, Esperanza, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Ernesto J Podesta
- Biomedical Research Institute (INBIOMED), Department of Human Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel E Gomez
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Giselle V Ripoll
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Daniel F Alonso
- Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National University of Quilmes, Bernal, B1876BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cardama GA, Comin MJ, Hornos L, Gonzalez N, Defelipe L, Turjanski AG, Alonso DF, Gomez DE, Menna PL. Preclinical development of novel Rac1-GEF signaling inhibitors using a rational design approach in highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2015; 14:840-51. [PMID: 24066799 PMCID: PMC4104455 DOI: 10.2174/18715206113136660334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 06/21/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rho GTPases play a key role in the regulation of multiple essential cellular processes, including actin dynamics, gene transcription and cell cycle progression. Aberrant activation of Rac1, a member of Rho family of small GTPases, is associated with tumorigenesis, cancer progression, invasion and metastasis. Particularly, Rac1 is overexpressed and hyperactivated in highly aggressive breast cancer. Thus, Rac1 appears to be a promising and relevant target for the development of novel anticancer drugs. We identified the novel Rac1 inhibitor ZINC69391 through a docking-based virtual library screening targeting Rac1 activation by GEFs. This compound was able to block Rac1 interaction with its GEF Tiam1, prevented EGF-induced Rac1 activation and inhibited cell proliferation, cell migration and cell cycle progression in highly aggressive breast cancer cell lines. Moreover, ZINC69391 showed an in vivo antimetastatic effect in a syngeneic animal model. We further developed the novel analog 1A-116 by rational design and showed to be specific and more potent than the parental compound in vitro and interfered Rac1-P-Rex1 interaction. We also showed an enhanced in vivo potency of 1A-116 analog. These results show that we have developed novel Rac1 inhibitors that may be used as a novel anticancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Pablo Lorenzano Menna
- Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Roque Saenz Pena 352, Bernal B1876BXD Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Harada E, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Toda M, Morizono T, Chelakkot-Govindalayathil AL, Roeen Z, Urawa M, Yasuma T, Yano Y, Sumiya T, Gabazza EC. Amelioration of Atherosclerosis by the New Medicinal Mushroom Grifola gargal Singer. J Med Food 2015; 18:872-81. [PMID: 25799023 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2014.3315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effects of edible mushrooms for improving chronic intractable diseases have been documented. However, the antiatherogenic activity of the new medicinal mushroom Grifola gargal is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated whether Grifola gargal can prevent or delay the progression of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis was induced in ApoE lipoprotein-deficient mice by subcutaneous infusion of angiotensin II. Grifola gargal extract (GGE) was prepared and intraperitoneally injected. The weight of heart and vessels, dilatation/atheroma formation of thoracic and abdominal aorta, the percentage of peripheral granulocytes, and the blood concentration of MCP-1/CCL2 were significantly reduced in mice treated with GGE compared to untreated mice. By contrast, the percentage of regulatory T cells and the plasma concentration of SDF-1/CXCL12 were significantly increased in mice treated with the mushroom extract compared to untreated mice. In vitro, GGE significantly increased the secretion of SDF-1/CXCL12, VEGF, and TGF-β1 from fibroblasts compared to control. This study demonstrated for the first time that Grifola gargal therapy can enhance regulatory T cells and ameliorate atherosclerosis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etsuko Harada
- 1 Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan .,2 Iwade Research Institute of Mycology , Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Masaaki Toda
- 1 Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| | | | | | - Ziaurahman Roeen
- 1 Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| | - Masahito Urawa
- 3 Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- 4 Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yano
- 4 Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| | | | - Esteban C Gabazza
- 1 Department of Immunology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Tsu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tsubone H, Makimura Y, Hanafusa M, Yamamoto Y, Tsuru Y, Motoi M, Amano S. Agaricus brasiliensis KA21 Improves Circulatory Functions in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. J Med Food 2014; 17:295-301. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2013.2934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hirokazu Tsubone
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukitoshi Makimura
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakazu Hanafusa
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Yamamoto
- Life Science Laboratory, Primetech Corporation, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Tsuru
- Life Science Laboratory, Primetech Corporation, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masuro Motoi
- Non-Profit Organization for Traditional Pre-Disease Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Amano
- Research Center for Food Safety, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang M, Gao Y, Xu D, Konishi T, Gao Q. Hericium erinaceus (Yamabushitake): a unique resource for developing functional foods and medicines. Food Funct 2014; 5:3055-64. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00511b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This article provides valuable scientific information for Hericium erinaceus and shows its potential for the development of new functional foods and drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingxing Wang
- Affiliated hospital
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
- Changchun, China
- International Collaborative Research Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
| | - Yang Gao
- Research and Development Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
- Changchun, China
| | - Duoduo Xu
- Research and Development Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
- Changchun, China
| | - Tetsuya Konishi
- International Collaborative Research Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
- Changchun, China
- Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences (NUPALS)
- Niigata, Japan
| | - Qipin Gao
- International Collaborative Research Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
- Changchun, China
- Research and Development Center
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Rachmut IH, Samuels N, Melnick SJ, Ramachandran C, Sharabi Y, Pavlovsky A, Maimon Y, Shoham J. Immunomodulatory effects of the botanical compound LCS101: implications for cancer treatment. Onco Targets Ther 2013; 6:437-45. [PMID: 23637542 PMCID: PMC3639221 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s42038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of LSC101, a botanical compound, on adaptive and innate immunity. MATERIALS AND METHODS LCS101 preparations were tested for batch-to-batch consistency using high-performance liquid chromatography. T-cell activation was quantified in murine spleen cells using 3H-thymidine incorporation, and cytokine production analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Natural killer cell activity was tested on human blood cells using flow cytometry, and cytotoxicity measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and apoptosis using a FACSCalibur. Effects on interferon-γ production in fluorouracil/doxorubicin-treated mice were tested with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS High-performance liquid chromatography analysis demonstrated batch-to-batch consistency. T-cell proliferation was increased, and a dose-dependent activation of natural killer cells and macrophage tumor necrosis factor-α secretion were observed with LCS101 treatment. Interferon-γ levels, reduced following fluorouracil treatment, were corrected in treated animals. No toxicity or compromised treatment outcomes were associated with LCS101 exposure. CONCLUSIONS LCS101 demonstrated significant effects on a number of immune processes. Further research is needed in order to understand the molecular immunomodulatory pathways affected by this compound, as well as clinical implications for treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Itzchak H Rachmut
- The Gonda-Goldschmied Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Donatini B. L’Armillaire miel: un agoniste adénosine A1 actif contre les vertiges et un agent potentiel contre les effets délétères de l’ischémie. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10298-013-0753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
24
|
Park HR, Lee HS, Cho SY, Kim YS, Shin KS. Anti-metastatic effect of polysaccharide isolated from Colocasia esculenta is exerted through immunostimulation. Int J Mol Med 2012; 31:361-8. [PMID: 23292184 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2012] [Accepted: 11/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, an edible corm of the plant Colocasia esculenta, commonly known as Taro was extracted with cold water (4˚C). Finally, 10.44 g (1.04%) of the crude polysaccharide (Taro-0) was obtained from Taro. The purified active compound (Taro-4-I) was isolated using DEAE-Sepharose FF and Sephadex G-100. The anti-complementary activity of Taro-4-I (57.3±4.5%) was similar to that of polysaccharide K (used as the positive control). The molecular weight of Taro-4-I was 200 kDa and it was a polysaccharide composed of 64.4% neutral sugars and 35.6% uronic acid. Taro-4-I activated the complement system through the classical and alternative pathways. The treatment of peritoneal macrophages with Taro-4-I significantly increased the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a dose-dependent manner. However, IL-12 production showed maximal activity at 56 µg/ml and subsequently decreased. Splenocytes obtained from mice which were administered Taro-4-I intravenously showed a higher toxicity to Yac-1 cells compared to those obtained from untreated mice in a effector‑to‑target (E/T) ratio-dependent manner. The group treated with 50 µg/ml Taro-4-I showed a significantly increased toxicity to Yac-1 cells compared to the group treated with 500 µg/ml Taro-4-I. The administration of Taro-4-I significantly inhibited the lung metastasis of B16BL6 melanoma cells. However, the group treated with 50 µg/mouse Taro-4-I had a significantly lower number of tumors compared to the group injected with 500 µg/mouse Taro-4-I.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ryung Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi 443-760, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kim YO, Lee SW, Oh CH, Rhee YH. Hericium erinaceus suppresses LPS-induced pro-inflammation gene activation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2011; 34:504-12. [PMID: 22126451 DOI: 10.3109/08923973.2011.633527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of each fraction of Hericium erinaceus (HE). The ethanol extract from HE was partitioned with different solvents in the order of increasing polarity. The treatment with 10-100 μg/mL of each fraction did not reduce RAW 264.7 cell viability except ethyl acetate fraction. Among the various extracts, the chloroform fraction showed the most potent activity against nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The western blotting and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analyses revealed that chloroform fraction from HE (CHE) significantly reduced the protein level of iNOS and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) or mRNA levels of iNOS in lipopolysaccharide-induced macrophages. Furthermore, CHE inhibited the translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB p65 subunit, phsophorylation of I-κB, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, the activation of both activator protein-1 (AP-1) and NF κB in the nucleus were abrogated by CHE with luciferase assay. In conclusion, these results indicate that CHE may provide an anti-inflammatory effect by attenuating the generation of excessive NO, PGE(2), and ROS and by suppressing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes through the inhibition of NF-κB and JNK activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young-Ock Kim
- Medicinal Crops Division, Ginseng and Medicinal Plants Research Institute Rural Development Administration, Eumseong, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ko SK, Jin M, Pyo MY. Inonotus obliquus extracts suppress antigen-specific IgE production through the modulation of Th1/Th2 cytokines in ovalbumin-sensitized mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2011; 137:1077-1082. [PMID: 21820502 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Revised: 07/06/2011] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus, IO) has been used as a folk remedy for cancer, digestive system diseases, and other illnesses in Russia and Eastern Europe. AIM OF THE STUDY In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulating effects of IO through in vivo and ex vivo studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Serum immunoglobulins (IgE, IgG(1), and IgG(2a)) and cytokines (interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ, and IL-2) were measured in concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated splenocytes and CD4(+) T cells. The nitric oxide (NO) secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal macrophages was also measured after oral administration of 50, 100, or 200 mg kg(-1) d(-1) IO hot water extract (IOE) to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized BALB/c mice. RESULTS We found that the OVA-induced increase in serum IgE and IgG(2a) was significantly suppressed when IOE was orally administered after the second immunization with OVA. ConA stimulation in spleen cells isolated from OVA-sensitized mice treated with 100 mg kg(-1) IOE resulted in a 25.2% decrease in IL-4 production and a 102.4% increase in IFN-γ, compared to the controls. Moreover, IL-4, IFN-γ, and IL-2 were significantly reduced after ConA stimulation in isolated CD4(+)T cells. We also determined that IOE inhibits the secretion of NO from LPS-stimulated peritoneal macrophages ex vivo. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that IO modulates immune responses through secretion of Th1/Th2 cytokines in immune cells and regulates antigen-specific antibody production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suk-kyung Ko
- Lab of Hygienic Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, 52 Hyochangwon-gil, Youngsan-ku, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jayasooriya RGPT, Kang CH, Seo MJ, Choi YH, Jeong YK, Kim GY. Exopolysaccharide of Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus downregulates LPS-induced production of NO, PGE₂, and TNF-α in BV2 microglia cells via suppression of the NF-κB pathway. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2758-64. [PMID: 21843581 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 07/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study showed that the exopolysaccharide (EPS) of Laetiporus sulphureus var. miniatus was well characterized and prevented cell damage in streptozotocin-induced apoptosis. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying its anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, we attempted in this study to determine whether EPS induces a significant inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine BV2 microglia cells. Our results showed that EPS significantly inhibited LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), without any significant cytotoxicity. EPS also downregulated mRNA and protein expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and TNF-α in LPS-induced BV2 microglia cells. Our data also revealed that EPS treatment significantly reduced translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) subunit p65 and its DNA-binding activity in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglia cells. Furthermore, we confirmed by using proteasome inhibitor N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC), that the inhibition of NF-κB activity influenced the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in LPS-induced BV2 microglia cells. As expected, NAC suppressed the expression of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α by blocking proteasome-mediated degradation. Taken together, our data indicate that EPS inhibits the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators by suppressing NF-κB activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R G P T Jayasooriya
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|