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Dobutr T, Jangpromma N, Patramanon R, Daduang J, Klaynongsruang S, Poopornchai S, Yabe T, Daduang S. The effect of edible bird's nests on the expression of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules of C57BL/6 mouse splenocytes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101534. [PMID: 37671389 PMCID: PMC10475475 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The glutinous nest that builds by the saliva secretion of swiftlet is recognizable as an edible bird's nest (EBN). It enriched a medicinal value and was regarded as supplementary food that exerts various beneficial health effects, especially immune boosters. This study's objective was to determine the impact of EBN on the expression of MHC-II and costimulatory molecules (CD86 and CD80) related to the initiation of T-cell activation. Both rEBN and pEBN samples were prepared with simulated gastrointestinal digestion for enhancing the bioaccessibility of bioactive compounds. Our result showed that digested EBN samples slightly influence the upregulation of MHC-II, CD86, and CD80 in gene expression of LPS-stimulated Raw 264.7 cells. The concern of endotoxin contamination in EBN samples, which may cause a false-positive result, was measured by quantitative PCR. We found that the inflammatory genes (IL-1β and TNF-α) were not induced by EBN treatments. Moreover, cell surface protein expression in splenocytes treated with EBN was assessed using flow cytometric analysis. Digested EBN samples demonstrated their capacity to promote the elevation of MHC-II, CD86, and CD80 cell surface protein expression. Finally, the digested-EBN-treated splenocytes only exhibited a specific response in the T-cells population. Thus, EBN is a source of the bioactive compound that has been proposed to exert a role in the stimulation of both MHC-II and costimulatory molecules for TCR/pMHC-II interaction leading to T-cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theerawat Dobutr
- Biomedical Sciences Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Nisachon Jangpromma
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Rina Patramanon
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Jureerut Daduang
- Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories (CMDL), Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Sompong Klaynongsruang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
| | - Saowanee Poopornchai
- Aiko Edible Bird Nest Pattani, 44 M.3, T. Rhusamilae, Muang, Pattani, 94000, Thailand
| | - Tomio Yabe
- Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Sakda Daduang
- Protein and Proteomics Research Center for Commercial and Industrial Purposes (ProCCI), Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
- Division of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, 40002, Thailand
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Photodynamic Antitumor Activity of Halogenated Gallium(III) and Phosphorus(V) Corroles. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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3
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Ng CH, Tang PL, Ong YY. Enzymatic hydrolysis improves digestibility of edible bird’s nest (EBN): combined effect of pretreatment and enzyme. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01648-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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4
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Kong HK, Chan Z, Yan SW, Lo PY, Wong WT, Wong KH, Lo CL. Revealing the species-specific genotype of the edible bird’s nest-producing swiftlet, Aerodramus fuciphagus and the proteome of edible bird’s nest. Food Res Int 2022; 160:111670. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Loh SP, Cheng SH, Mohamed W. Edible Bird's Nest as a Potential Cognitive Enhancer. Front Neurol 2022; 13:865671. [PMID: 35599726 PMCID: PMC9120600 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.865671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive enhancement is defined as the augmentation of the mind's core capabilities through the improvement of internal or external information processing systems. Recently, the focus has shifted to the potential therapeutic effects of natural products in improving cognitive function. Edible bird's nest (EBN) is a natural food substance derived from the saliva of swiftlets. Until today, EBN is regarded as a high-priced nutritious food with therapeutic effects. The effectiveness of dietary EBN supplementation to enhance brain development in mammals has been documented. Although the neuroprotection of EBN has been previously reported, however, the impact of EBN on learning and memory control and its potential as a cognitive enhancer drug remains unknown. Thus, this article aims to address the neuroprotective benefits of EBN and its potential effect as a cognitive enhancer. Notably, the current challenges and the future study direction in EBN have been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Peng Loh
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Su-Peng Loh
| | - Shi-Hui Cheng
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Malaysia
| | - Wael Mohamed
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Menoufia Medical School, Menoufia University, Shebin El Kom, Egypt
- Basic Medical Science Department, Kulliyyah of Medicine, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Selayang, Malaysia
- Wael Mohamed
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6
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Zeng H, Jian Y, Xie Y, Fan Q, Chang Q, Zheng B, Zhang Y. Edible bird's nest inhibits the inflammation and regulates the immunological balance of lung injury mice by SO
2. FOOD FRONTIERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Zeng
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yeye Jian
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yong Xie
- College of Pharmacy Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Fuzhou China
| | | | - Qing Chang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
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7
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Jaffar FHF, Osman K, Hui CK, Zulkefli AF, Ibrahim SF. Long-Term Wi-Fi Exposure From Pre-Pubertal to Adult Age on the Spermatogonia Proliferation and Protective Effects of Edible Bird’s Nest Supplementation. Front Physiol 2022; 13:828578. [PMID: 35360230 PMCID: PMC8963498 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.828578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Children are vulnerable to the radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted by Wi-Fi devices. Nevertheless, the severity of the Wi-Fi effect on their reproductive development has been sparsely available. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the Wi-Fi exposure on spermatogonia proliferation in the testis. This study also incorporated an approach to attenuate the effect of Wi-Fi by giving concurrent edible bird’s nest (EBN) supplementation. It was predicted that Wi-Fi exposure reduces spermatogonia proliferation while EBN supplementation protects against it. A total of 30 (N = 30) 3-week-old Sprague Dawley weanlings were divided equally into five groups; Control, Control EBN, Wi-Fi, Sham Wi-Fi, and Wi-Fi + EBN. 2.45 GHz Wi-Fi exposure and 250 mg/kg EBN supplementation were conducted for 14 weeks. Findings showed that the Wi-Fi group had decreased in spermatogonia mitosis status. However, the mRNA and protein expression of c-Kit-SCF showed no significant decrease. Instead, the reproductive hormone showed a reduction in FSH and LH serum levels. Of these, LH serum level was decreased significantly in the Wi-Fi group. Otherwise, supplementing the Wi-Fi + EBN group with 250 mg/kg EBN resulted in a significant increase in spermatogonia mitotic status. Even though EBN supplementation improved c-Kit-SCF mRNA and protein expression, the effects were insignificant. The improvement of spermatogonia mitosis appeared to be associated with a significant increase in blood FSH levels following EBN supplementation. In conclusion, the long-term Wi-Fi exposure from pre-pubertal to adult age reduces spermatogonia proliferation in the testis. On the other hand, EBN supplementation protects spermatogonia proliferation against Wi-Fi exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khairul Osman
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Chua Kien Hui
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Aini Farzana Zulkefli
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Fatimah Ibrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Siti Fatimah Ibrahim,
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Dobutr T, Kantamala W, Phimwapi S, Jangpromma N, Tippayawat P, Boonlue S, Daduang J, Klaynongsruang S, Poopornchai S, Daduang S. The effects of edible bird’s nest on T-lymphocyte proliferation, secondary lymphoid organs, and interleukin-2 production. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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Al-Khaldi K, Yimer N, Sadiq MB, Firdaus Jesse Bin Abdullah F, Salam Babji A, Al-Bulushi S. Edible bird’s nest supplementation in chilled and cryopreserved Arabian stallion semen. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1577-1584. [PMID: 35280569 PMCID: PMC8913401 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al-Khaldi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Breeding Branch, Veterinary Department, Royal Oman Police, Mounted Police Division, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Nurhusien Yimer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mohammed B. Sadiq
- Department of Farm and Exotic Animal Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Faez Firdaus Jesse Bin Abdullah
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Salam Babji
- School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Samir Al-Bulushi
- Laboratories and Animal Research Centre, Directorate General of Veterinary Services, Royal Court Affairs, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman
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10
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Hui Yan T, Mun SL, Lee JL, Lim SJ, Daud NA, Babji AS, Sarbini SR. Bioactive sialylated-mucin (SiaMuc) glycopeptide produced from enzymatic hydrolysis of edible swiftlet’s nest (ESN): degree of hydrolysis, nutritional bioavailability, and physicochemical characteristics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2022.2029482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Hui Yan
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Kampus Bintulu Sarawak, Bintulu, Malaysia
| | - Sue Lian Mun
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Jia Lin Lee
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia
| | - Seng Joe Lim
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (Manis), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer (Inovasi-ukm), Chancellery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Nur Aliah Daud
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (Manis), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Salam Babji
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (Manis), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
- Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer (Inovasi-ukm), Chancellery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi, Malaysia
| | - Shahrul Razid Sarbini
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia Kampus Bintulu Sarawak, Bintulu, Malaysia
- Halal Product Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, Serdang
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11
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FAN Q, LIU X, WANG Y, XU D, GUO B. Recent advances in edible bird's nests and edible bird's nest hydrolysates. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.67422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qunyan FAN
- Xiamen Yan Palace Seelong Food Co., China
| | - Xuncai LIU
- Xiamen Yan Palace Seelong Food Co., China
| | - Yaxin WANG
- Xiamen Yan Palace Seelong Food Co., China
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12
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Wang D, Zheng X, Fan Q, Wang P, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Zheng B, Lin S. The effect of dynamic high‐pressure microfluidization on the physicochemical and digestive properties of proteins in insoluble fraction of edible bird's nest. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Dehua Wang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
| | - Xinyi Zheng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Qunyan Fan
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
- Xiamen Yanzhiwu Sinong Food Co., Ltd Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Peixin Wang
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Hongliang Zeng
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
- State Key Laboratory of Food Safety Technology for Meat Products Xiamen Fujian China
| | - Baodong Zheng
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Shaoling Lin
- College of Food Science Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou China
- Engineering Research Centre of Fujian‐Taiwan Special Marine Food Processing and Nutrition Ministry of Education Fuzhou Fujian China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province Institute of Oceanology Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou Fujian China
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13
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El Sheikha AF. Why the importance of geo-origin tracing of edible bird nests is arising? Food Res Int 2021; 150:110806. [PMID: 34863497 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Edible bird's nest (EBN) swiftlet existed naturally 48,000 years ago in caves as their natural dwellings. Nowadays, edible bird's nest has become a very important industry due to its high nutritional, medicinal and economic value. Additionally, edible bird's nest has a long quality guarantee period. Obviously, the nutritional components and medicinal functions vary depending on geographical origins. Recently, the global demand for edible bird's nest has markedly increased, accompanied by the increasing attention of all key players of the global food trade system, i.e., producers, consumers, traders and the authorities to obtain safe and high-quality edible bird's nest. Hence, this target can be accomplished via the enforcement of an efficient and universal geo-tracing technique. Current methods of the geo-tracking of edible bird's nest, i.e., automation, physical and analytical techniques have several limitations and all of them fail to discriminate different quality grades of edible bird's nest. Meanwhile, in many studies and applications, polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) has proven to be a "cutting edge" technique for greatly enhance food traceability from field to fork through its ability in distinguishing the food products in terms of their quality and safety. This article provides an overview of (1) edible bird's nest as a multiuse strategic food product, (2) quality issues associated with edible bird's nest including implications that the site of acquisition of the edible bird's nest has food safety implications, (3) current regulations and geo-tracking approaches to ensure the safety and quality of edible bird's nest with the special focus on polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis technique as a vigorous and universal geo-tracing tool to be suggested for edible bird's nest geo-traceability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aly Farag El Sheikha
- College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Road, Nanchang 330045, China; Department of Biology, McMaster University, 1280 Main St. West, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4K1, Canada; School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, 25 University Private Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada; Bioengineering and Technological Research Centre for Edible and Medicinal Fungi, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Road, Nanchang 330045, China; Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Fungal Resources, Jiangxi Agricultural University, 1101 Zhimin Road, Nanchang 330045, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Minufiya University, 32511 Shibin El Kom, Minufiya Government, Egypt.
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Mohamad Nasir NN, Mohamad Ibrahim R, Abu Bakar MZ, Mahmud R, Ab Razak NA. Characterization and Extraction Influence Protein Profiling of Edible Bird's Nest. Foods 2021; 10:2248. [PMID: 34681297 PMCID: PMC8535018 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The edible bird nest (EBN) from Aerodramus fuciphagus has been consumed as a Chinese traditional food for health and medicinal purposes due to its elevated nutritional value. The present study focused on the influence of characterization and extraction methods on protein profiling, which could be a guideline for grading the EBN. The proposed extraction method is similar to the common food preparation methods of consumers and thus can accurately establish the bioactive protein available upon human consumption. The characterization includes physicochemical analysis (physical, morphology, elemental composition, and microbial content) and chemical analysis (crude protein and amino acid). The morphology of half-cup EBN was found to be uniformly shaped and rich in calcium as compared to rough surface of stripe-shaped EBN, and there was no significant microbial growth in both types of EBN. The crude protein and amino acid content in half-cup EBN were significantly higher than stripe-shaped EBN. The full stew (FS) and stew (SE) extraction methods produced a maximal yield of soluble protein. Sialic acid content in SE extract (8.47%, w/w) and FS extract (7.91%, w/w) were recorded. About seven parent proteins (39.15 to 181.68 kDa) were identified by LC-MS/MS Q-TOF, namely 78 kDa glucose-regulated protein, lysyl oxidase-3, Mucin-5AC-like, acidic mammalian chitinase-like, 45 kDa calcium-binding protein, nucleobindin-2, and ovoinhibitor-like. In conclusion, the characteristics and extraction methods influence the availability of bioactive protein and peptides, demonstrating the potential usage of EBN in improving its biological activities and nutritional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Nadiah Mohamad Nasir
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Ramlah Mohamad Ibrahim
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rozi Mahmud
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Nor Asma Ab Razak
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
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15
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Hui Yan T, Babji AS, Lim SJ, Sarbini SR. A Systematic Review of Edible Swiftlet's Nest (ESN): Nutritional bioactive compounds, health benefits as functional food, and recent development as bioactive ESN glycopeptide hydrolysate. Trends Food Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2021.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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16
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Mohamad Ibrahim R, Mohamad Nasir NN, Abu Bakar MZ, Mahmud R, Ab Razak NA. The Authentication and Grading of Edible Bird's Nest by Metabolite, Nutritional, and Mineral Profiling. Foods 2021; 10:1574. [PMID: 34359444 PMCID: PMC8303490 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible bird's nest (EBN) produced by Aerodramus fuciphagus has a high demand for nutritional and medicinal application throughout the world. The present study was to evaluate the authentication of a man-made house EBN, which are half cup and stripe-shaped by FTIR. Next, both samples were compared according to their metabolite, nutritional, and mineral composition. The results indicated that the FTIR spectra of both EBN samples were identical and similar to the reference, suggesting the authenticity of the EBN used. The metabolites that contribute to the possible medicinal properties of EBN were found by using GC-MS. The results of the proximate analysis, followed by the standard AOAC method, inferred that both EBN shapes to be rich in crude protein and carbohydrate contents. However, the proximate composition between the half cup and stripe-shaped EBN showed significant differences. Major mineral elements detected were calcium and sodium, and magnesium contents were significantly different between both EBN. Additionally, the half cup and stripe-shaped EBN had a low level of heavy metal content than the maximum regulatory limit as set by the Malaysian Food Act 1983. This study concludes that the nutritional composition varied between the samples and thus suggests that nutrient content should be considered as criteria for the grading requirement of commercialized EBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramlah Mohamad Ibrahim
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Nurul Nadiah Mohamad Nasir
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
| | - Md Zuki Abu Bakar
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
| | - Rozi Mahmud
- Centre for Diagnostic Nuclear Imaging, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | - Nor Asma Ab Razak
- Natural Medicine and Products Research Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (R.M.I.); (N.N.M.N.); (M.Z.A.B.)
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17
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Ismail M, Alsalahi A, Aljaberi MA, Ibrahim RM, Bakar FA, Ideris A. Efficacy of Edible Bird's Nest on Cognitive Functions in Experimental Animal Models: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13031028. [PMID: 33806762 PMCID: PMC8004720 DOI: 10.3390/nu13031028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is constructed from saliva of swiftlets birds and consumed largely by Southeast and East Asians for its nutritional value and anti-aging properties. Although the neuroprotection of EBN in animals has been reported, there has not been yet systemically summarized. Thus, this review systemically outlined the evidence of the neuroprotective activity of EBN in modulating the cognitive functions of either healthy or with induced-cognitive dysfunction animals as compared to placebos. The related records from 2010 to 2020 were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect using pre-specified keywords. The relevant records to the effect of EBN on cognition were selected according to the eligibility criteria and these studies underwent appraisal for the risk of bias. EBN improved the cognitive functions of induced-cognitive dysfunction and enhanced the cognitive performance of healthy animals as well as attenuated the neuroinflammations and neuro-oxidative stress in the hippocampus of these animals. Malaysian EBN could improve the cognitive functions of experimental animals as a treatment in induced cognitive dysfunction, a nutritional cognitive-enhancing agent in offspring and a prophylactic conservative effect on cognition against exposure to subsequent noxious cerebral accidents in a dose-depended manner through attenuating neuroinflammation and neuro-oxidative stress. This systemic review did not proceed meta-analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maznah Ismail
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-10-3600015
| | - Abdulsamad Alsalahi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, Mazbah District, Sana’a 1247, Yemen;
| | - Musheer Abdulwahid Aljaberi
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Ramlah Mohamad Ibrahim
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Products, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Faizah Abu Bakar
- UZMA Clinic, Kelana Mall, SS6/12 Road, SS 6, Petaling Jaya 47301, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Aini Ideris
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400 UPM, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Hui Yan T, Lim SJ, Babji AS, Rawi MH, Sarbini SR. Enzymatic hydrolysis: Sialylated mucin (SiaMuc) glycoprotein of edible swiftlet's nest (ESN) and its molecular weight distribution as bioactive ESN SiaMuc-glycopeptide hydrolysate. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:422-431. [PMID: 33561458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive edible swiftlet's nest (ESN) sialylated-mucin (SiaMuc) hydrolysate is produced by alcalase hydrolysis. Enzymatic hydrolysis of ESN breakdown high-valued ESN SiaMuc-glycoprotein into bioactive SiaMuc-glycopeptide. This is a breakthrough for the issue of insolubility and low extraction rate in ESN, and even increases the bioavailability of ESN nutritional functionality and health benefits. Hydrolysis of ESN SiaMuc-glycoprotein was performed for 1 to 4 h and its effect on physicochemical properties, molecular weight (MW) distribution, SiaMuc-glycoprotein and glycopeptide integrity were determined. Other than improvement in solubility and bioavailability as SiaMuc-glycopeptide, results from SDS-PAGE revealed that MW of SiaMuc-glycoprotein decreased from 42.0-148.8 kDa to 17.7-142.7 kDa with increasing hydrolysis period. Further hydrolysis from maximized DH (90 min) showed an insignificant effect on the MW of ESN SiaMuc-glycopeptide and remained constant at 15.2 kDa. This highlights that enzymatic hydrolysis only influences macro SiaMuc-glycoprotein fractions (142.7, 115.3 and 102.7 kDa), while the majority of SiaMuc-glycopeptide fractions from 36.6-98.6 kDa remained intact. Conclusively, alcalase hydrolysis of ESN showed high recovery in the form of bioactive ESN SiaMuc-glycopeptide. Therefore, enzymatic biotechnology is an economic alternative applicable on ESN that broaden industrial utilization by reducing the MW without destroying the quality of bioactive SiaMuc-glycoprotein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tan Hui Yan
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Seng Joe Lim
- Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Abdul Salam Babji
- Innovation Centre for Confectionery Technology (MANIS), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia; Centre for Innovation and Technology Transfer (INOVASI-UKM), Chancellery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Muhamad Hanif Rawi
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Shahrul Razid Sarbini
- Department of Crop Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science and Forestry, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, 97008 Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia; Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Putra Infoport, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor.
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Azmi NA, Lee TH, Lee CH, Hamdan N, Cheng KK. Differentiation Unclean and Cleaned Edible Bird’s Nest using Multivariate Analysis of Amino Acid Composition Data. PERTANIKA JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.47836/pjst.29.1.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Edible Bird’s Nest (EBN) has been used as a health modulator for many centuries. Nutrient degradation in EBN always happen during cleaning process due to many factors such as temperature and long soaking time in water. The present study attempts to find the difference between unclean and cleaned EBN in their amino acid composition. A total of 65 EBN samples were collected directly from swiftlet premises in 13 states of Malaysia to ensure the coverage of geographical location differences. A standardized cleaning method had been adapted from the industry to clean the collected EBN sample in the lab. Then it was analysed for amino acids composition. After that OPLS-DA multivariate model was used to discriminate the unclean and cleaned EBN on 18 types of amino acids composition. The model was robust with classification and predictive ability of 76.1% and 64.5%, respectively. The model was further validated with sample blind test and 100% of the sample was accurately fall into their respective cluster, unclean and cleaned EBN. The findings suggest that three major amino acids with the highest VIP value were Aspartic acid, Methionine and Glutamic acid and proposed as the marker for discriminating the unclean and cleaned EBN.
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Shim EKS, Lee SY. Calcite Deposits Differentiate Cave from House-Farmed Edible Bird's Nest as shown by SEM-EDX, ATR-FTIR and Raman Microspectroscopy. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2487-2492. [PMID: 32562343 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The difference between the swiftlet white edible bird's nest from limestone caves versus house-farmed ones, especially in response to high temperature and stewing time in water where the latter type would disintegrate readily, has been a puzzle for a long time. We show that edible bird's nests from the limestone caves have calcite deposits on the surface of the nest cement as compared to the house-farmed nests which are built by swiftlets on timber planks. The micron and sub-micron calcite particles are seen in SEM-EDX and further characterized by ATR-FTIR and Raman microspectroscopy. The calcite deposits make it possible for the cave nest to retain a gelatinous texture under the harsh retort conditions at 121 °C for 20 mins in commercial bottling. We show that house-farmed nests can be soaked in CaCl2 (aq) followed by rinsing with Na2 CO3 (aq) to grow the same calcite deposits on the nest cement with the same characteristic as cave nests. Therefore, there should no longer be a need to harvest cave nests, and we can better conserve the dwindling population and natural habitats of cave swiftlets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kian-Shiun Shim
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Soo-Ying Lee
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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Chantakun K, Benjakul S. Effect of pretreatments and retort process on characteristics and sensory quality of edible bird’s nest beverage. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasidate Chantakun
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
| | - Soottawat Benjakul
- Department of Food Technology Faculty of Agro‐Industry Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla 90112 Thailand
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Edible Bird’s Nest: Physicochemical Properties, Production, and Application of Bioactive Extracts and Glycopeptides. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1696359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Jamalluddin NH, Tukiran NA, Ahmad Fadzillah N, Fathi S. Overview of edible bird's nests and their contemporary issues. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2019.04.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shim EKS, Lee SY. Nitration of Tyrosine in the Mucin Glycoprotein of Edible Bird's Nest Changes Its Color from White to Red. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:5654-5662. [PMID: 29783841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b01619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The edible bird's nest (EBN) of the swiftlet Aerodramus fuciphagus, a mucin glycoprotein, is usually white in color, but there also exist the more desirable red or "blood" EBN. The basis of the red color has been a puzzle for a long time. Here, we show that the nitration of the tyrosyl residue to the 3-nitrotyrosyl (3-NTyr) residue in the glycoprotein is the cause of the red color. Evidence for the 3-NTyr residue comes from (a) the quantitative analysis of 3-NTyr in EBN by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, (b) the ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra of red EBN as a function of pH being similar to 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), (c) the change in the color of red EBN from yellow at low pH to red at high pH just like 3-NT, and (d) strong Raman nitro bands at 1330 cm-1 (symmetric -NO2 stretch) and 825 cm-1 (-NO2 scissoring bend) for red EBN. The high concentrations of nitrite and nitrate in red EBN are also explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Kian-Shiun Shim
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
| | - Soo-Ying Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences , Nanyang Technological University , 21 Nanyang Link , Singapore 637371 , Singapore
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