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Gammeltoft TM, Bùi THD, Vũ TKD, Vũ ĐA, Nguyễn TÁ, Lê MH. Everyday disease diplomacy: an ethnographic study of diabetes self-care in Vietnam. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:828. [PMID: 35468753 PMCID: PMC9040217 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-13157-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Understanding people’s subjective experiences of everyday lives with chronic health conditions such as diabetes is important for appropriate healthcare provisioning and successful self-care. This study explored how individuals with type 2 diabetes in northern Vietnam handle the everyday life work that their disease entails. Methods Detailed ethnographic data from 27 extended case studies conducted in northern Vietnam’s Thái Bình province in 2018–2020 were analyzed. Results The research showed that living with type 2 diabetes in this rural area of Vietnam involves comprehensive everyday life work. This work often includes efforts to downplay the significance of the disease in the attempt to stay mentally balanced and ensure social integration in family and community. Individuals with diabetes balance between disease attentiveness, keeping the disease in focus, and disease discretion, keeping the disease out of focus, mentally and socially. To capture this socio-emotional balancing act, we propose the term “everyday disease diplomacy.” We show how people’s efforts to exercise careful everyday disease diplomacy poses challenges to disease management. Conclusions In northern Vietnam, type 2 diabetes demands daily labour, as people strive to enact appropriate self-care while also seeking to maintain stable social connections to family and community. Health care interventions aiming to enhance diabetes care should therefore combine efforts to improve people’s technical diabetes self-care skills with attention to the lived significance of stable family and community belonging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine M Gammeltoft
- Department of Anthropology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, DK-1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Thị Huyền Diệu Bùi
- Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh, Thai Binh City, Vietnam
| | - Thị Kim Dung Vũ
- Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh, Thai Binh City, Vietnam
| | - Đức Anh Vũ
- Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh, Thai Binh City, Vietnam
| | - Thị Ái Nguyễn
- Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh, Thai Binh City, Vietnam
| | - Minh Hiếu Lê
- Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 373 Ly Bon Street, Thai Binh, Thai Binh City, Vietnam
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Campbell NRC, Ordunez P, Giraldo G, Rodriguez Morales YA, Lombardi C, Khan T, Padwal R, Tsuyuki RT, Varghese C. WHO HEARTS: A Global Program to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Burden: Experience Implementing in the Americas and Opportunities in Canada. Can J Cardiol 2020; 37:744-755. [PMID: 33310142 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2020.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death. Viewed as a threat to the global economy, the United Nations included reducing noncommunicable diseases, including CVDs, in the 2030 sustainable development goals, and the World Health Assembly agreed to a target to reduce noncommunicable diseases 25% by the year 2025. In response, the World Health Organisation led the development of HEARTS, a technical package to guide governments in strengthening primary care to reduce CVDs. HEARTS recommends a public health and health system approach to introduce highly simplified interventions done systematically at a primary health care level and has a focus on hypertension as a clinical entry point. The HEARTS modules include healthy lifestyle counselling, evidence-based treatment protocols, access to essential medicines and technology, CVD risk-based management, team-based care, systems for monitoring, and an implementation guide. There are early positive global experiences in implementing HEARTS. Led by the Pan American Health Organisation, many national governments in the Americas are adopting HEARTS and have shown early success. Unfortunately, in Canada hypertension control is declining in women since 2010-2011 and the dramatic reductions in rates of CVD seen before 2010 have flattened when age adjusted and increased for rates that are not age adjusted, and there are marked increases in absolute numbers of Canadians with adverse CVD outcomes. Several steps that Canada could take to enhance hypertension control are outlined, the core of which is to implement a strong governmental nongovernmental collaborative strategy to prevent and control CVDs, focusing on HEARTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norm R C Campbell
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - Pedro Ordunez
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organisation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Gloria Giraldo
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organisation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yenny A Rodriguez Morales
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organisation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Cintia Lombardi
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organisation, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Taskeen Khan
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Raj Padwal
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ross T Tsuyuki
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine (Cardiology) and EPICORE Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cherian Varghese
- Department of Non-Communicable Diseases, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
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Stanifer JW, Kilonzo K, Wang D, Su G, Mao W, Zhang L, Zhang L, Nayak-Rao S, Miranda JJ. Traditional Medicines and Kidney Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Opportunities and Challenges. Semin Nephrol 2018; 37:245-259. [PMID: 28532554 DOI: 10.1016/j.semnephrol.2017.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Traditional medicines are a principal form of health care for many populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, and they have gained attention as an important means of health care coverage globally. In the context of kidney diseases, the challenges and opportunities presented by traditional medicine practices are among the most important considerations for developing effective and sustainable public health strategies. However, little is known about the practices of traditional medicines in relation to kidney diseases, especially concerning benefits and harms. Kidney diseases may be caused, treated, prevented, improved, or worsened by traditional medicines depending on the setting, the person, and the types, modes, and frequencies of traditional medicine use. Given the profound knowledge gaps, nephrology practitioners and researchers may be uniquely positioned to facilitate more optimal public health strategies through recognition and careful investigation of traditional medicine practices. Effective implementation of such strategies also will require local partnerships, including engaging practitioners and users of traditional medicines. As such, practitioners and researchers investigating kidney diseases may be uniquely positioned to bridge the cultural, social, historical, and biologic differences between biomedicine and traditional medicine, and they have opportunities to lead efforts in developing public health strategies that are sensitive to these differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Stanifer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC; Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC.
| | | | - Daphne Wang
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Guobin Su
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; National Clinical Research Base for Chronic Kidney Disease and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Mao
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Base for Chronic Kidney Disease and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Base for Chronic Kidney Disease and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - La Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; National Clinical Research Base for Chronic Kidney Disease and Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nephrology Center, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; School of Health and Biomedical Science, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Shobhana Nayak-Rao
- KS Hedge Medical Academy, Medical Sciences Complex, Derlakatte Mangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
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Campbell NRC, Ordunez P, DiPette DJ, Giraldo GP, Angell SY, Jaffe MG, Lackland D, Martinez R, Valdez Y, Maldonado Figueredo JI, Paccot M, Santana MJ, Whelton PK. Monitoring and evaluation framework for hypertension programs. A collaboration between the Pan American Health Organization and World Hypertension League. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2018; 20:984-990. [PMID: 29790259 DOI: 10.1111/jch.13307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)-World Hypertension League (WHL) Hypertension Monitoring and Evaluation Framework is summarized. Standardized indicators are provided for monitoring and evaluating national or subnational hypertension control programs. Five core indicators from the World Health Organization hearts initiative and a single PAHO-WHL core indicator are recommended to be used in all hypertension control programs. In addition, hypertension control programs are encouraged to select from 14 optional qualitative and 33 quantitative indicators to facilitate progress towards enhanced hypertension control. The intention is for hypertension programs to select quantitative indicators based on the current surveillance mechanisms that are available and what is feasible and to use the framework process indicators as a guide to program management. Programs may wish to increase or refine the number of indicators they use over time. With adaption the indicators can also be implemented at a community or clinic level. The standardized indicators are being pilot tested in Cuba, Colombia, Chile, and Barbados.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norm R C Campbell
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology and Community Health Sciences, O'Brien Institute for Public Health and Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Pedro Ordunez
- Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Donald J DiPette
- University of South Carolina, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Gloria P Giraldo
- Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Sonia Y Angell
- New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Marc G Jaffe
- Resolve to Save Lives, an Initiative of Vital Strategies, Cardiovascular Health Initiative, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dan Lackland
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Ramón Martinez
- Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Yamilé Valdez
- University Hospital "General Calixto García", Havana, Cuba
| | - Javier I Maldonado Figueredo
- Professional Specialized Integrated Management Group for Cardiovascular, Oral Health, Cancer and other Chronic Conditions, Non-Communicable Disease Office, Ministry of Health and Social Protection of Colombia, Bogota, Colombia
| | - Melanie Paccot
- Ministry of Health of Chile, Department of Noncommunicable Diseases, División de Control y Prevención de Enfermedades, Ministerio de Salud, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maria J Santana
- Departments of Pediatrics, Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Paul K Whelton
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
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Wu F, Narimatsu H, Li X, Nakamura S, Sho R, Zhao G, Nakata Y, Xu W. Non-communicable diseases control in China and Japan. Global Health 2017; 13:91. [PMID: 29262849 PMCID: PMC5738724 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-017-0315-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
China and Japan share numerous similarities other than their geographical proximity. Facing the great challenges of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), China and Japan have developed different preventive strategies and systems. While Japan has made great progress in primary prevention of NCDs through strong legislation, the ‘Specific Health Check and Guidance System’ and a unique licensed health professional system, China is attempting to catch up by changing its strategies in NCDs control. In this manuscript, we compared disease burden of NCDs, health care systems and preventive strategies against NCDs between China and Japan. In this light, we summarized the points that the two countries can learn from each other, and proposed recommendations for the two countries in NCDs control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hiroto Narimatsu
- Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-2-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan
| | - Xiaoqiang Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Sho Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention and Control Division, Kanagawa Cancer Center Research Institute, 2-2-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama, 241-8515, Japan.,Department of Clinical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Ri Sho
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Yamagata University, 2-2-2, Iida-nishi, Yamagata, 990-9585, Japan
| | - Genming Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yoshinori Nakata
- Graduate School of Public Health, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 1738605, Japan
| | - Wanghong Xu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education (Fudan University), 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Mendoza W, Miranda JJ. Global Shifts in Cardiovascular Disease, the Epidemiologic Transition, and Other Contributing Factors: Toward a New Practice of Global Health Cardiology. Cardiol Clin 2017; 35:1-12. [PMID: 27886780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccl.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
One of the major drivers of change in the practice of cardiology is population change. This article discusses the current debate about epidemiologic transition paired with other ongoing transitions with direct relevance to cardiovascular conditions. Challenges specific to patterns of risk factors over time; readiness for disease surveillance and meeting global targets; health system, prevention, and treatment efforts; and physiologic traits and human-environment interactions are identified. This article concludes that a focus on the most populated regions of the world will contribute substantially to protecting the large gains in global survival and life expectancy accrued over the last decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Mendoza
- United Nations Population Fund, Peru Country Office, Av. Guardia Civil 1231, San Isidro, Lima 27, Peru
| | - J Jaime Miranda
- School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Honorio Delgado 430, Urb. Ingeniería, San Martín de Porres, Lima 31, Peru; CRONICAS Center of Excellence in Chronic Diseases, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Av. Armendáriz 497, Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru.
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Campbell N, Ordunez P, Jaffe MG, Orias M, DiPette DJ, Patel P, Khan N, Onuma O, Lackland DT. Implementing standardized performance indicators to improve hypertension control at both the population and healthcare organization levels. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2017; 19:456-461. [PMID: 28191704 DOI: 10.1111/jch.12980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ability to reliably evaluate the impact of interventions and changes in hypertension prevalence and control is critical if the burden of hypertension-related disease is to be reduced. Previously, a World Hypertension League Expert Committee made recommendations to standardize the reporting of population blood pressure surveys. We have added to those recommendations and also provide modified recommendations from a Pan American Health Organization expert meeting for "performance indicators" to be used to evaluate clinical practices. Core indicators for population surveys are recommended to include: (1) mean systolic blood pressure and (2) mean diastolic blood pressure, and the prevalences of: (3) hypertension, (4) awareness of hypertension, (5) drug-treated hypertension, and (6) drug-treated and controlled hypertension. Core indicators for clinical registries are recommended to include: (1) the prevalence of diagnosed hypertension and (2) the ratio of diagnosed hypertension to that expected by population surveys, and the prevalences of: (3) controlled hypertension, (4) lack of blood pressure measurement within a year in people diagnosed with hypertension, and (5) missed visits by people with hypertension. Definitions and additional indicators are provided. Widespread adoption of standardized population and clinical hypertension performance indicators could represent a major step forward in the effort to control hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norm Campbell
- Departments of Medicine, Physiology and Pharmacology and Community Health Sciences, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Pedro Ordunez
- Department of Non Communicable Diseases and Mental Health, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marc G Jaffe
- Department of Endocrinology, Kaiser Permanente, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Marcelo Orias
- The National University of Cordoba and Sanatorio Allende, Cordoba, Argentina
| | - Donald J DiPette
- University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Pragna Patel
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nadia Khan
- Department of Medicine, Center for Health Evaluation and Outcomes Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Oyere Onuma
- Management of Noncommunicable Diseases Unit, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel T Lackland
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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