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Drwiega EN, Danziger LH, Burgos RM, Michienzi SM. Commonly Reported Mosquito-Borne Viruses in the United States: A Primer for Pharmacists. J Pharm Pract 2024; 37:741-752. [PMID: 37018738 DOI: 10.1177/08971900231167929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Mosquito-borne diseases are a public health concern. Pharmacists are often a patient's first stop for health information and may be asked questions regarding transmission, symptoms, and treatment of mosquito borne viruses (MBVs). The objective of this paper is to review transmission, geographic location, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of MBVs. We discuss the following viruses with cases in the US in recent years: Dengue, West Nile, Chikungunya, LaCrosse Encephalitis, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, and Zika. Prevention, including vaccines, and the impact of climate change are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily N Drwiega
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Larry H Danziger
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
- College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rodrigo M Burgos
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah M Michienzi
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Roveri V, Lopes Guimarães L, Correia AT. Prioritizing pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) based on occurrence-persistency-mobility-toxicity (OPMT) criteria: an application to the Brazilian scenario. SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 34:1023-1039. [PMID: 38047444 DOI: 10.1080/1062936x.2023.2287516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
A study of Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) was performed to assess the possible adverse effects of 25 pharmaceuticals commonly found in the Brazilian water compartments and to establish a ranking of environmental concern. The occurrence (O), the persistence (P), the mobility (M), and the toxicity (T) of these compounds in the Brazilian drinking water reservoirs were evaluated. Moreover, to verify the predicted OPMT dataset outcomes, a quality index (QI) was also developed and applied. The main results showed that: (i) after in silico predictions through VEGA QSAR, 19 from 25 pharmaceuticals consumed in Brazil were classified as persistent; (ii) moreover, after in silico predictions through OPERA QSAR, 15 among those 19 compounds considered persistent, were also classified as mobile or very mobile. On the other hand, the results of toxicity indicate that only 9 pharmaceuticals were classified with the highest toxicity level. Ultimately, the QI of 7 from 25 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'optimal'; 15 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'good'; and only 3 pharmaceuticals were categorized as 'regular'. Therefore, based on the QI criteria used, it is possible to assume that this OPMT prediction dataset had a good reliability. Efforts to reduce emissions of OPMT-pharmaceuticals in Brazilian drinking water reservoirs are encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Roveri
- Departamento de Gestão Ambiental, Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Santos, Brazil
- Laboratório de EcoFisiologia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Santos, Brazil
| | - L Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Santos, Brazil
| | - A T Correia
- Laboratório de EcoFisiologia, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Matosinhos, Portugal
- Escola das Ciências da Vida e do Ambiente da Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD-ECVA), Vila Real, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
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Palanichamy Kala M, St. John AL, Rathore APS. Dengue: Update on Clinically Relevant Therapeutic Strategies and Vaccines. CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2023; 15:27-52. [PMID: 37124673 PMCID: PMC10111087 DOI: 10.1007/s40506-023-00263-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENV) continue to circulate worldwide, resulting in a significant burden on human health. There are four antigenically distinct serotypes of DENV, an infection of which could result in a potentially life-threatening disease. Current treatment options are limited and rely on supportive care. Although one dengue vaccine is approved for dengue-immune individuals and has modest efficacy, there is still a need for therapeutics and vaccines that can reduce dengue morbidities and lower the infection burden. There have been recent advances in the development of promising drugs for the treatment of dengue. These include direct antivirals that can reduce virus replication as well as host-targeted drugs for reducing inflammation and/or vascular pathologies. There are also new vaccine candidates that are being evaluated for their safety and efficacy in preventing dengue disease. This review highlights nuances in the current standard-of-care treatment of dengue. We also discuss emerging treatment options, therapeutic drugs, and vaccines that are currently being pursued at various stages of preclinical and clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Palanichamy Kala
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Rd., Level 9, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
| | - Ashley L. St. John
- Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Rd., Level 9, Singapore, 169857 Singapore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- SingHealth Duke-NUS Global Health Institute, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, 207 Research Rd, Durham, NC 27705 USA
| | - Abhay P. S. Rathore
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, 207 Research Rd, Durham, NC 27705 USA
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Roveri V, Guimarães LL, Toma W, Correia AT. Occurrence, ecological risk assessment and prioritization of pharmaceuticals and abuse drugs in estuarine waters along the São Paulo coast, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:89712-89726. [PMID: 35857165 PMCID: PMC9297060 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21945-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pollution of the surface waters by pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has attracted worldwide attention, but data regarding their occurrence and potential risks for the aquatic biota on tropical coastal rivers of South America are still scarce. In this context, the occurrence and the preliminary ecological risk assessment of eleven pharmaceuticals of various therapeutic classes (including cocaine and its primary metabolite, benzoylecgonine) were investigated, for the first time, in five rivers of São Paulo, southeast Brazil, covering a coastline of about 140 km, namely Perequê River, Itinga River, Mongaguá River, Itanhaém River and Guaraú River. Although these five rivers are born in well-preserved areas of the Atlantic rainforest biome, on its way to sea and when they cross the urban perimeter, they receive untreated sewage discharges containing a complex mixture of contaminants. In addition, a "persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity" (PBT) approach allowed to pre-select the priority PPCPs to be monitored in this coastline. Identification of several PPCPs in the samples was done using liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Ten PPCPs were successfully quantified in all five rivers, namely caffeine (9.00-560.00 ng/L), acetaminophen (
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Roveri
- Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Avenida Conselheiro Nébias, 536 - Encruzilhada, 11045-002, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Luciana Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Cesário Mota 8, F83A, 11045-040 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walber Toma
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília, Rua Cesário Mota 8, F83A, 11045-040 Santos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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Roveri V, Guimarães LL, Toma W, Correia AT. Occurrence of pharmaceuticals and cocaine in the urban drainage channels located on the outskirts of the São Vicente Island (São Paulo, Brazil) and related ecological risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:57931-57945. [PMID: 35359205 PMCID: PMC8970415 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19736-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
"Wealth by the sea and poverty away from the sea breeze" is a metaphor that mirrors what happens along the Brazilian coastal zone, namely in São Vicente Island, São Paulo, Brazil. Due to the high cost of the properties on this shore, the impoverished population started to migrate to the northern outskirts of the island (away from the tourist beaches), potentiating the emergence of poor housing conditions, namely stilt-house slums. Consequently, the urban drainage channels across these outskirts neighbourhoods are potentially contaminated by human wastes. In this context, the occurrence and preliminary ecological risk assessment of eleven pharmaceuticals of various therapeutic classes (including cocaine and its primary metabolite, benzoylecgonine) were investigated, for the first time, in five urban drainage channels whose diffuse loads flow continuously to the estuarine waters of São Vicente Island. The results showed the widespread presence of these environmental stressors in all urban channels analysed, namely losartan (7.3-2680.0 ng/L), caffeine (314.0-726.0 ng/L), acetaminophen (7.0-78.2 ng/L), atenolol (6.2-23.6 ng/L), benzoylecgonine (10.2-17.2 ng/L), furosemide (1.0-7.2 ng/L), cocaine (2.3-6.7 ng/L), carbamazepine (0.2-2.6 ng/L), diclofenac (1.1-2.5 ng/L), orphenadrine (0.2-1.1 ng/L) and chlortalidone (0.5-1.0 ng/L). The overall total estimated load of pharmaceuticals and personal care products flowing to the estuarine waters of São Vicente Island is on the order of 41.1 g/day. The ecological risk assessment revealed a great environmental concern for São Vicente Island, ranging between low (e.g. carbamazepine and cocaine) and moderate to high (e.g. caffeine, acetaminophen and losartan) threats for the aquatic biota. Therefore, initiatives promoting basic sanitation, land-use regularisation and population awareness are highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius Roveri
- Universidade Metropolitana de Santos (UNIMES), Avenida Conselheiro Nébias, 536 - Encruzilhada, Santos, São Paulo, 11045-002, Brazil
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Luciana Lopes Guimarães
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Rua Cesário Mota 8, Santos, São Paulo, F83A, 11045-040, Brazil
| | - Walber Toma
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Em Produtos Naturais, Universidade Santa Cecília (UNISANTA), Rua Cesário Mota 8, Santos, São Paulo, F83A, 11045-040, Brazil
| | - Alberto Teodorico Correia
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha E Ambiental (CIIMAR/CIMAR), Avenida General Norton de Matos S/N, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
- Faculdade de Ciências da Saúde da, Universidade Fernando Pessoa (FCS-UFP), Rua Carlos da Maia 296, 4200-150, Porto, Portugal.
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar da Universidade Do Porto (ICBAS-UP), Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
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