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Keynejad RC, Bentley A, Bhatia U, Nalwadda O, Mekonnen FD, Ali PA, McGarry J. Research, education and capacity building priorities for violence, abuse and mental health in low- and middle-income countries: an international qualitative survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1761-1771. [PMID: 33765211 PMCID: PMC10627995 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02061-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the World Health Organization and United Nations recognising violence, abuse and mental health as public health priorities, their intersection is under-studied in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). International violence, abuse and mental health network (iVAMHN) members recognised the need to identify barriers and priorities to develop this field. METHODS Informed by collaborative discussion between iVAMHN members, we conducted a pilot study using an online survey to identify research, education and capacity building priorities for violence, abuse and mental health in LMICs. We analysed free-text responses using thematic analysis. RESULTS 35 senior (29%) and junior researchers (29%), non-government or voluntary sector staff (18%), health workers (11%), students (11%) and administrators (3%) completed the survey. Respondents worked in 24 LMICs, with 20% working in more than one country. Seventy-four percent of respondents worked in sub-Saharan Africa, 37% in Asia and smaller proportions in Latin America, Eastern Europe and the Middle East. Respondents described training, human resource, funding and sensitivity-related barriers to researching violence, abuse and mental health in LMICs and recommended a range of actions to build capacity, streamline research pathways, increase efficiency and foster collaborations and co-production. CONCLUSION The intersection between violence, abuse and mental health in LMICs is a priority for individuals with a range of expertise across health, social care and the voluntary sector. There is interest in and support for building a strong network of parties engaged in research, service evaluation, training and education in this field. Networks like iVAMHN can act as hubs, bringing together diverse stakeholders for collaboration, co-production and mutually beneficial exchange of knowledge and skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne C Keynejad
- Department of Health Service and Population Research, King's College London, London, UK.
| | | | - Urvita Bhatia
- Sangath Addictions Research Group, Porvorim, Goa, India
| | | | | | - Parveen A Ali
- University of Sheffield Health Sciences School, Sheffield, UK
| | - Julie McGarry
- University of Nottingham School of Health Sciences, Nottingham, UK
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McManus S, Bebbington PE, Tanczer L, Scott S, Howard LM. Receiving threatening or obscene messages from a partner and mental health, self-harm and suicidality: results from the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1749-1759. [PMID: 34322732 PMCID: PMC8318057 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-021-02113-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Threatening or obscene messaging is repeated, unwanted texts, emails, letters or cards experienced by the recipient as threatening or obscene, and causing fear, alarm or distress. It is rarely examined as an aspect of intimate partner violence. We describe the prevalence of exposure to threatening/obscene messaging from a current or ex-partner; characteristics of victims; and associations with other forms of violence and abuse, mental disorder, self-harm, and suicidality. METHODS Cross-sectional probability-sample survey of the general population in England aged 16 + . Multivariable regression modelling tested associations between receipt of threatening/obscene messaging and current common mental disorder, past-year self-harm and suicidality. RESULTS Threatening/obscene messages were received from a current/ex-partner by 6.6% (95%CI: 5.9-7.3) of adults who had been in a relationship; 1.7% received these in the past year. Victims were more likely to be female, under 35, single or divorced, socioeconomically disadvantaged, and to have experienced other forms of sexual and partner violence and abuse. Those who received threatening/obscene messages in the past year were more likely to experience common mental disorder (adjusted odds ratio 1.89; 1.01-3.55), self-harm (2.31; 1.00-5.33), and suicidal thoughts (2.00; 1.06-3.78). CONCLUSION Threatening/obscene messaging commonly occurs in the context of intimate partner violence. While often occurring alongside sexual and physical violence, messaging has an additional association with mental disorder and suicidality. Routine enquiry in service settings concerning safety, including those working with people who have escaped domestic violence, should ask about ongoing contact from previous as well as current partners. This should include asking about messaging, as well as other forms of potentially technology-enabled abuse which may become increasingly common.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally McManus
- Violence and Society Centre, City, University of London, London, UK.
- National Centre for Social Research, 35 Northampton Square, London, EC1V 0AX, UK.
| | | | - Leonie Tanczer
- Faculty of Engineering Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Louise M Howard
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Kings College London, London, UK
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Najjarzadeh M, Abbasalizadeh S, Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi S, Asghari‐Jafarabadi M, Mirghafourvand M. Perceived stress and its predictors in women with threatened preterm labour: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Open 2022; 9:210-221. [PMID: 34553513 PMCID: PMC8685874 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To determine prevalence and predictors of perceived stress in women with threatened preterm labour. DESIGN Cross-sectional. METHODS We recruited 409 women with threatened preterm labour, hospitalized at two tertiary hospitals. We assessed their socio-demographic and obstetrics characteristics, and their perceived stress, perceived social support, experience of violence using validated scales. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the predictors. RESULTS Data from all recruited women were analysed. Most of them had borderline (36%) or high (42%) level stress. Overall, 17 predictors were identified explaining 89.5% of variation in the stress score. Predictors of the higher stress score included: urban living, experience of sexual and psychological violence, perceived insufficient social support, experience of vaginal bleeding during current pregnancy, abnormal results in initial pregnancy tests, having multiple roles at home, being less than 28 weeks pregnant, being parous, sleep disorders, history of health problems, insufficient income and unwanted pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Najjarzadeh
- Students’ Research CommitteeFaculty of Nursing and MidwiferyTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Shamsi Abbasalizadeh
- Women's Reproductive Health Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Sakineh Mohammad‐Alizadeh‐Charandabi
- Department of MidwiferyFaculty of Nursing and MidwiferySocial Determinants of Health Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad Asghari‐Jafarabadi
- Department of Statistics and EpidemiologyFaculty of HealthRoad Traffic Injury Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mojgan Mirghafourvand
- Clinical Research Development UnitImam Reza General HospitalTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Huang W, Zhang F, Sun X, Yu Q, Huang J, Su Y, Lan Y. Association between intimate partner psychological violence and psychological distress among nurses: The role of personality traits and social support. Front Psychol 2022; 13:1038428. [PMID: 36710775 PMCID: PMC9878691 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1038428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM This study proposes investigating the risk and protective factors of intimate partner (IP) psychological violence and psychological distress to better promote psychological wellbeing for nurses and health outcomes for patients. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHOD This cross-sectional study was carried out chiefly in Guangdong, Hunan, and Shaanxi provinces, in the east, central, and west of the Chinese economic areas, respectively. It was conducted in October 2021 using convenience sampling. A total of 843 nurses were eligible for the final analysis. Single-factor linear regression models were used to identify potential factors associated with IP psychological violence and psychological distress. In addition, the structural equation model was used to explore the role of personality traits and social support in the association between IP psychological violence and psychological distress. RESULTS The predictors for the score of IP psychological violence among nurses were participants' married status, contact frequency with a partner, perceived past-year psychological and physical violence experience, the alcohol consumption of partners, and personality traits and social support of partners. Moreover, the alcohol consumption of participants, the past-year experience of IP psychological violence, the score of psychological violence, personality traits, social support, and the personality traits of partners were associated factors affecting the psychological distress of nurses. In the structural model, the personality trait of partners had a direct pathway to psychological violence and social support. The results demonstrated that psychological violence significantly increased psychological distress. CONCLUSION Personality traits and social support are essential factors influencing the relationship between IP psychological violence and psychological distress. IMPACT The findings of this study emphasize the possibility and importance of identification and intervention for reducing IP psychological violence based on personality traits and social support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Nursing, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wentao Huang ✉
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xibin Sun
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yu
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingxin Huang
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunhui Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Yunhui Su ✉
| | - Yutao Lan
- School of Nursing, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Yutao Lan ✉
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Kimber M, Gonzalez A, MacMillan HL. Recognizing and Responding to Child Maltreatment: Strategies to Apply When Delivering Family-Based Treatment for Eating Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:678. [PMID: 32754071 PMCID: PMC7366365 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Child maltreatment encompasses a constellation of adverse parental behaviors that include physical, sexual, or emotional abuse, physical or emotional neglect, as well as exposure to violence between parents. A growing body of literature indicates that exposure to child maltreatment is a significant risk factor for the development and maintenance of eating disorders (EDs) and that practitioners experience challenges related to recognizing and responding to various forms of child maltreatment in their practice. Parent-child interactions signifying possible child maltreatment can be subtle; furthermore, the emotional and behavioral symptoms associated with an ED can overlap with those linked with child maltreatment, making it difficult for practitioners to distinguish whether children's symptoms are attributable to underlying psychopathology versus exposure to child maltreatment. This challenge can be further complicated in the context of delivering family-based treatment (FBT); FBT reaffirms that there is no single cause of EDs and asserts the leadership role of parents in their child's recovery process-both of which may lead practitioners to inadvertently miss indicators of child maltreatment. In this article, we provide an overview of the evidence linking child maltreatment to EDs among children and adolescents, as well as evidence-informed strategies for practitioners to safely recognize and respond to suspected child maltreatment when delivering FBT to children and adolescents in their practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Kimber
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Harriet L. MacMillan
- Offord Centre for Child Studies, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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Keynejad RC, Hanlon C, Howard LM. Psychological interventions for common mental disorders in women experiencing intimate partner violence in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Psychiatry 2020; 7:173-190. [PMID: 31981539 PMCID: PMC7029417 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(19)30510-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence on the effectiveness of psychological interventions for women with common mental disorders (CMDs) who also experience intimate partner violence is scarce. We aimed to test our hypothesis that exposure to intimate partner violence would reduce intervention effectiveness for CMDs in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, CINAHL, LILACS, ScieELO, Cochrane, PubMed databases, trials registries, 3ie, Google Scholar, and forward and backward citations for studies published between database inception and Aug 16, 2019. All randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for CMDs in LMICs which measured intimate partner violence were included, without language or date restrictions. We approached study authors to obtain unpublished aggregate subgroup data for women who did and did not report intimate partner violence. We did separate random-effects meta-analyses for anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychological distress outcomes. Evidence from randomised controlled trials was synthesised as differences between standardised mean differences (SMDs) for change in symptoms, comparing women who did and who did not report intimate partner violence via random-effects meta-analyses. The quality of the evidence was assessed with the Cochrane risk of bias tool. This study is registered on PROSPERO, number CRD42017078611. FINDINGS Of 8122 records identified, 21 were eligible and data were available for 15 RCTs, all of which had a low to moderate risk of overall bias. Anxiety (five interventions, 728 participants) showed a greater response to intervention among women reporting intimate partner violence than among those who did not (difference in standardised mean differences [dSMD] 0·31, 95% CI 0·04 to 0·57, I2=49·4%). No differences in response to intervention were seen in women reporting intimate partner violence for PTSD (eight interventions, n=1436; dSMD 0·14, 95% CI -0·06 to 0·33, I2=42·6%), depression (12 interventions, n=2940; 0·10, -0·04 to 0·25, I2=49·3%), and psychological distress (four interventions, n=1591; 0·07, -0·05 to 0·18, I2=0·0%, p=0·681). INTERPRETATION Psychological interventions treat anxiety effectively in women with current or recent intimate partner violence exposure in LMICs when delivered by appropriately trained and supervised health-care staff, even when not tailored for this population or targeting intimate partner violence directly. Future research should investigate whether adapting evidence-based psychological interventions for CMDs to address intimate partner violence enhances their acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness in LMICs. FUNDING UK National Institute for Health Research ASSET and King's IoPPN Clinician Investigator Scholarship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roxanne C Keynejad
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Charlotte Hanlon
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Mental Health Research and Capacity-Building, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Centre for Innovative Drug Development and Therapeutic Trials for Africa (CDT-Africa), College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Louise M Howard
- Section of Women's Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
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