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Durdurak BB, Williams B, Zhigalov A, Moore A, Mallikarjun P, Wong D, Marwaha S, Morales-Muñoz I. Factors associated with chronic depressive symptoms across adolescence and young adulthood: a UK birth cohort study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2024; 33:e32. [PMID: 38920396 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796024000350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Identifying children and/or adolescents who are at highest risk for developing chronic depression is of utmost importance, so that we can develop more effective and targeted interventions to attenuate the risk trajectory of depression. To address this, the objective of this study was to identify young people with persistent depressive symptoms across adolescence and young adulthood and examine the prospective associations between factors and persistent depressive symptoms in young people. METHODS We used data from 6711 participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Depressive symptoms were assessed at 12.5, 13.5, 16, 17.5, 21 and 22 years with the Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire, and we further examined the influence of multiple biological, psychological and social factors in explaining chronic depressive symptoms. RESULTS Using latent class growth analysis, we identified four trajectories of depressive symptoms: persistent high, persistent low, persistent moderate and increasing high. After applying several logistic regression models, we found that loneliness and feeling less connected at school were the most relevant factors for chronic course of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings contribute with the identification of those children who are at highest risk for developing chronic depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B B Durdurak
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - B Williams
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Zhigalov
- School of Engineering and Technology, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge Herchel Smith Building for Brain & Mind Sciences, Cambridge, UK
| | - P Mallikarjun
- Early Intervention Service, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Wong
- Leeds Institute of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - S Marwaha
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
- Specialist Mood Disorders Clinic, The Barberry Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham and Solihull NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - I Morales-Muñoz
- Institute for Mental Health, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
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Prevalence of depression in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2023; 80:17-25. [PMID: 36535239 PMCID: PMC9727963 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The COVID-19 pandemic is still spreading worldwide two years after its outbreak. Depression has been reported in around 30% of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. We aim to synthesize the available meta-analytical evidence in an umbrella review exploring the prevalence of depression during and after SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS First, we performed a narrative umbrella review including only meta-analyses providing a quantitative summary of the prevalence of depression during or after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Then we extracted the prevalence and sample size from the original studies included in each meta-analysis, and after removing duplicate studies, we performed a random-effects model meta-analysis based on single original study estimates. Heterogeneity, publication bias, leave-one-out sensitivity, and subgroup analyses were performed. RESULTS 14 meta-analyses were included in the umbrella review. The prevalence of depression ranged from 12% to 55% in the presence of high heterogeneity. The meta-analysis based on 85 original studies derived from the included 14 meta-analyses showed a pooled prevalence of depression of 31% (95% CI:25-38%) in the presence of high and significant heterogeneity (Q = 8988; p < 10-6; I2 = 99%) and publication bias (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The burden of post-COVID depression substantially exceeds the pre-pandemic prevalence. Health care services for COVID-19 survivors should monitor and treat emergent depression, reducing its potential detrimental long-term effects.
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Abas M, Mangezi W, Nyamayaro P, Jopling R, Bere T, McKetchnie SM, Goldsmith K, Fitch C, Saruchera E, Muronzie T, Gudyanga D, Barrett BM, Chibanda D, Hakim J, Safren SA, O'Cleirigh C. Task-sharing with lay counsellors to deliver a stepped care intervention to improve depression, antiretroviral therapy adherence and viral suppression in people living with HIV: a study protocol for the TENDAI randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057844. [PMID: 36576191 PMCID: PMC9723911 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the main cause of viral non-suppression and its risk is increased by depression. In countries with high burden of HIV, there is a lack of trained professionals to deliver depression treatments. This paper describes the protocol for a 2-arm parallel group superiority 1:1 randomised controlled trial, to test the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of the TENDAI stepped care task-shifted intervention for depression, ART non-adherence and HIV viral suppression delivered by lay interventionists. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Two hundred and ninety people living with HIV aged ≥18 years with probable depression (Patient Health Questionnaire=>10) and viral non-suppression (≥ 1000 HIV copies/mL) are being recruited from HIV clinics in towns in Zimbabwe. The intervention group will receive a culturally adapted 6-session psychological treatment, Problem-Solving Therapy for Adherence and Depression (PST-AD), including problem-solving therapy, positive activity scheduling, skills to cope with stress and poor sleep and content to target barriers to non-adherence to ART. Participants whose score on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 remains ≥10, and/or falls by less than 5 points, step up to a nurse evaluation for possible antidepressant medication. The control group receives usual care for viral non-suppression, consisting of three sessions of adherence counselling from existing clinic staff, and enhanced usual care for depression in line with the WHO Mental Health Gap intervention guide. The primary outcome is viral suppression (<1000 HIV copies/mL) at 12 months post-randomisation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study and its tools were approved by MRCZ/A/2390 in Zimbabwe and RESCM-18/19-5580 in the UK. Study findings will be shared through the community advisory group, conferences and open access publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT04018391.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Abas
- Section of Epidemiology, Health Services and Population Research Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Walter Mangezi
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Primrose Nyamayaro
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Rebecca Jopling
- Section of Epidemiology, Health Services and Population Research Department, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tarisai Bere
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Samantha M McKetchnie
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kimberley Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Calvin Fitch
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Emily Saruchera
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Thabani Muronzie
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Denford Gudyanga
- Department of Primary Health Care Sciences, Unit of Mental Health, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Barbara M Barrett
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute Of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Dixon Chibanda
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
- Centre for Global Mental Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - James Hakim
- Medical School Clinical Research Centre, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Steven A Safren
- Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, USA
| | - Conall O'Cleirigh
- Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- The Fenway Institute, Fenway Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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