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Amtaghri S, Slaoui M, Eddouks M. Mentha Pulegium: A Plant with Several Medicinal Properties. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:302-320. [PMID: 37711001 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230914103731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The species Mentha Pulegium L. (M. pulegium L.) belongs to the family Lamiaceae, native to Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East, and the genus Mentha. It has been traditionally used in food, cosmetics, and medicines. It is a perennial, fragrant, well-liked, herbaceous plant that can grow up to half a meter tall. It is extensively used as a food flavoring, particularly for Moroccan traditional drinks. Chewing mint and M. pulegium, a relaxing and refreshing plant, can be used to treat hiccups and act as an anticonvulsant and nerve relaxant. Pennyroyal leaves that have been crushed have a pungent, spearmint-like scent. Pennyroyal is used to make herbal teas, which, while not proven to be harmful to healthy adults in small doses, are not recommended due to their liver toxicity. Infants and children can die if they consume it. Pennyroyal leaves, both fresh and dried, are particularly effective at repelling insects. Pennyroyal essential oil should never be taken internally because it is highly toxic, even in small doses, it can be fatal. This plant is used in traditional Moroccan medicine to treat a wide range of conditions, including influenza, rheumatism, migraine, infertility, ulcer, pain, gastrointestinal problems, fever, diabetes, obesity, mental and cardiac disorders, constipation, respiratory ailments, and cough. M. pulegium is a great candidate for contemporary therapeutic usage since it contains a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including terpenoids, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and saponins in all its parts. Among the different parts used are the whole plant, the aerial part, the stem, and the leaves. More interestingly, the entire plant contains a variety of compounds including Pulegone, Isomenthone, Carvone, Menthofuran, Menthol, 1,8-Cineole, Piperitone, Piperitenone, Neomenthol, -humulene, and 3-octanol. Eriocitrin, Hesperidin, Narirutin, Luteolin, Isorhoifolin, Galic acid, and Rosmarinic acid are found in the leaves. p-hydroxybenzoic acid, Ferulic acid, Caffeic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, Protocatechuic acid, Cinnamic acid, Phloretic acid, o-coumaric acid, p-coumaric acid, Catechin, Epicatechin, Chrysin, Quercetin, Naringenin, Carvacrol are all found in the areal part. Alterporriol G, Atropisomer, Alterporriol H, Altersolanol K, Altersolanol L, Stemphypyrone, 6-O-methylalaternin, Macrosporin, Altersolanol A, Alterporriol E, Alterporriol D, Alterporriol A, Alterporriol B, and Altersolanol J are also found in the stem of fungus. Pulegone, Piperitone, p-Menthane-1,2,3- triol, β-elemenene, guanine (cis-), Carvacrol acetate, and Phenyl ethyl alcohol are all components of this plant's essential oils. Moreover, the study also sought to investigate and document all currently available evidence and information on the nutritional composition and therapeutic uses of this plant ornamental. Its pharmacological applications include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, antifungal, anticancer, burn wound healing, antispasmodic, and hepatotoxicity. Finally, toxicological studies have revealed that while low doses of extracts of the plant M. pulegium are not toxic, however, its essential oils of it are extremely toxic. In order to evaluate future research needs and investigate its pharmacological applications through clinical trials, the current assessment focuses on the distribution, chemical composition, biological activities, and primary uses of the plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smail Amtaghri
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team, Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Miloudia Slaoui
- Energy, Materials and Sustainable Development (EMDD) Team, Higher School of Technology-SALE, Center for Water, Natural Resources Environment and Sustainable Development (CERNE2D), Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Eddouks
- Team of Ethnopharmacology and Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, BP 509, Boutalamine, Errachidia, 52000, Morocco
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Saqib S, Ullah F, Naeem M, Younas M, Ayaz A, Ali S, Zaman W. Mentha: Nutritional and Health Attributes to Treat Various Ailments Including Cardiovascular Diseases. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196728. [PMID: 36235263 PMCID: PMC9572119 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A poor diet, resulting in malnutrition, is a critical challenge that leads to a variety of metabolic disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Mentha species are famous as therapeutic herbs and have long served as herbal medicine. Recently, the demand for its products, such as herbal drugs, medicines, and natural herbal formulations, has increased significantly. However, the available literature lacks a thorough overview of Mentha phytochemicals' effects for reducing malnutritional risks against cardiovascular diseases. In this context, we aimed to review the recent advances of Mentha phytochemicals and future challenges for reducing malnutritional risks in cardiovascular patients. Current studies indicated that Mentha species phytochemicals possess unique antimicrobial, antidiabetic, cytotoxic, and antioxidant potential, which can be used as herbal medicine directly or indirectly (such as food ingredients) and are effective in controlling and curing cardiovascular diseases. The presence of aromatic and flavor compounds of Mentha species greatly enhance the nutritional values of the food. Further interdisciplinary investigations are pivotal to explore main volatile compounds, synergistic actions of phytochemicals, organoleptic effects, and stability of Mentha sp. phytochemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Saqib
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif 12080, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | - Fazal Ullah
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- China Sinovita Bioengineering Group, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Muhammad Younas
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohi-ud-Din Islamic University, Nerian Sharif 12080, AJ&K, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ayaz
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture and Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wajid Zaman
- Department of Life Sciences, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (W.Z.)
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Kachkoul R, Benjelloun Touimi G, Bennani B, El Habbani R, El Mouhri G, Mohim M, Sqalli Houssaini T, Chebaibi M, Koulou A, Lahrichi A. The Synergistic Effect of Three Essential Oils against Bacteria Responsible for the Development of Lithiasis Infection: An Optimization by the Mixture Design. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:1305264. [PMID: 34497653 PMCID: PMC8421168 DOI: 10.1155/2021/1305264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition and the synergistic effect of three plants' essential oils (EOs), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (ECEO), Mentha pulegium (MPEO), and Rosmarinus officinalis (ROEO), against three bacterial strains, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus, in order to increase the antimicrobial effectiveness by the use of a low dose of essential oils, consequently decreasing the toxicity and negative impact. For this reason, an augmented simplex-centroid mixture design was used to build polynomial models in order to highlight the synergy between the essential oils against bacterial strains. Antimicrobial effect screening was performed by the disc diffusion method and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were also studied. The gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results show the richness of these essential oils by terpenic compounds, especially 1,8-Cineole and P-Cymene for ECEO, Pulegone for MPEO, and α-Pinene and Camphene for ROEO. Moreover, a significant antibacterial effect has been demonstrated and the best values were revealed by MPEO and ECEO against P. mirabilis and K. pneumoniae, with inhibition zones (IZ) of 25 and 20 mm, respectively, and an MIC of 0.0391% (v:v) against K. pneumoniae. The optimal mixtures showed a synergistic effect of essential oils, and the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations of the mixtures (MICm) were in the order of 29.38% of MPEO, 45.37% of ECEO, and 25.25% of ROEO against P. mirabilis and in the order of 60.61% of MPEO and 39.39% of ROEO against K. pneumoniae. These results indicate the antibacterial efficacy of the three essential oils combined and suggest their importance in the treatment of urinary tract infections caused by resistant bacterial strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabie Kachkoul
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 2202, Road of Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghita Benjelloun Touimi
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 2202, Road of Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Human Pathology Biomedicine and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Bahia Bennani
- Laboratory of Human Pathology Biomedicine and Environment, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University (USMBA), Fez, Morocco
| | - Radouane El Habbani
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
| | - Ghita El Mouhri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 2202, Road of Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Mohim
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 2202, Road of Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases in Human Pathology and Therapeutic Tools, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
| | - Tarik Sqalli Houssaini
- Laboratory of Molecular Bases in Human Pathology and Therapeutic Tools, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital Hassan II, BP 1835, Atlas, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Chebaibi
- Biomedical and Translational Medical Research Center, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of the Fez, University of Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Amine Koulou
- Laboratory of Catalyse Organic Chemistry and Environment, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco
| | - Anissa Lahrichi
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, BP 1893, Km 22, Road of Sidi Harazem, Fez, Morocco
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Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytoprotective Properties of Ethanolic Mint Extracts from Algeria on 7-Ketocholesterol-Treated Murine RAW 264.7 Macrophages. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:antiox7120184. [PMID: 30563252 PMCID: PMC6315783 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7120184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study consisted in evaluating the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties of ethanolic extracts from three mint species (Mentha spicata L. (MS), Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR)) with biochemical methods on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages (a transformed macrophage cell line isolated from ascites of BALB/c mice infected by the Abelson leukemia virus). The total phenolic, flavonoid and carotenoid contents were determined with spectrophotometric methods. The antioxidant activities were quantified with the Kit Radicaux Libres (KRLTM), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The MS extract showed the highest total phenolic content, and the highest antioxidant capacity, while the MR extract showed the lowest total phenolic content and the lowest antioxidant capacity. The cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were quantified on murine RAW 264.7 macrophages treated with 7-ketocholesterol (7KC; 20 µg/mL: 50 µM) associated or not for 24 h and 48 h with ethanolic mint extracts used at different concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200 and 400 µg/mL). Under treatment with 7KC, an important inhibition of cell growth was revealed with the crystal violet test. This side effect was strongly attenuated in a dose dependent manner with the different ethanolic mint extracts, mainly at 48 h. The most important cytoprotective effect was observed with the MS extract. In addition, the effects of ethanolic mint extracts on cytokine secretion (Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein (MCP)-1, Interferon (IFN)-ϒ, Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α) were determined at 24 h on lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 0.2 µg/mL)-, 7KC (20 µg/mL)- and (7KC + LPS)-treated RAW 264.7 cells. Complex effects of mint extracts were observed on cytokine secretion. However, comparatively to LPS-treated cells, all the extracts strongly reduce IL-6 secretion and two of them (MP and MR) also decrease MCP-1 and TNF-α secretion. However, no anti-inflammatory effects were observed on 7KC- and (7KC + LPS)-treated cells. Altogether, these data bring new evidences on the potential benefits (especially antioxidant and cytoprotective properties) of Algerian mint on human health.
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Xu Y, Zhong PP, Tao YY. Metabolic profiling of endogenous bile acids: a novel method to assess hepatoprotective effect of Tanreqing capsule on carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver injury in rats. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:271-283. [PMID: 29703327 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30057-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tanreqing (TRQ), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, can alleviate liver injury and improve liver function. Its pharmacological mechanisms of actions are still unclear due to its complex components and multi-target natures. Metabolomic study is an effective approach to investigating drug pharmacological actions, new diagnostic markers, and potential mechanisms of actions. In the present study, a new strategy was used to evaluate the protective effect of TRQ capsule against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, by analyzing metabolic profiling of endogenous bile acids (BAs) along with biochemical and histological analyses. BAs concentrations were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). Principal component analysis and partial least squares discriminant analysis were then employed to analyze the UPLC-MS results and compare the hepatoprotective effect of TRQ capsule in different groups at the doses of 0.36, 1.44, and 2.88 g·kg-1 body weight, respectively. Moreover, our results suggested that taurocholic acid (TCA) and taurohyodesoxycholic acid (THDCA) were the most important biochemical markers, which were indicative of CCl4-induced acute hepatic damage and hepatoprotective effect of TRQ capsule. Therefore, this new strategy would be an excellent alternative method for evaluating hepatoprotective effect and proposing potential mechanisms of action for other drugs as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Xu
- Shanghai Kaibao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201401, China.
| | - Ping-Ping Zhong
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan-Yan Tao
- Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China; Shanghai Clinical Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Bianchini MC, Galvão DO, Tamborena T, Alves CO, Puntel RL. Mentha pulegium crude extracts induce thiol oxidation and potentiate hemolysis when associated to t-butyl hydroperoxide in human's erythrocytes. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2017; 89:2901-2909. [PMID: 29236859 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mentha pulegium (Lamiaceae) tea has been used as a traditional medicine; however, the modulatory effect of M. pulegium extracts on damage to human erythrocytes associated to t-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) exposure remains to be investigated. Accordingly, we perform this study in order to test the hypothesis that aqueous and ethanolic extracts of M. pulegium could modulate the hemolysis associated to t-BHP exposure, non-protein thiol (NPSH) oxidation and lipid peroxidation (measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances - TBARS) in human erythrocytes. Samples were co-incubated with t-BHP (4 mmol/L) and/or aqueous or ethanolic extracts (10-1000 mg/mL) during 120 min to further analysis. We found that both extracts, when associated to t-BHP, potentiate NPSH oxidation and hemolysis. Moreover, both extracts significantly prevents against t-BHP-induced TBARS production. A significant correlation among hemolysis and NPSH levels was found. Taking together, our data points that the association of M. pulegium extracts with t-BHP culminates in toxic effect to exposed erythrocytes, besides its protective effect against t-BHP-induced TBARS production. So, we infer that the use of this extract may exert negative effect during painful crisis in sickle cell anemia. However, more studies are still necessary to better investigate/understand the mechanism(s) involved in the toxic effect resultant from this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus C Bianchini
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR 472, Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Dennyura O Galvão
- Universidade Regional do Cariri, Rua Cel. Antonio Luiz, s/n, Campus do Pimenta, 63105-000 Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Tamborena
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR 472, Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Claudia O Alves
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR 472, Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970 RS, Brazil
| | - Robson L Puntel
- Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Uruguaiana BR 472, Km 7, Uruguaiana, 97500-970 RS, Brazil
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Brahmi F, Dahmoune F, Kadri N, Chibane M, Dairi S, Remini H, Oukmanou-Bensidhoum S, Mouni L, Madani K. Antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of two Algerian Mentha species M. rotundifolia (L.) Huds, M. pulegium L., extracted with different solvents. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 14:/j/jcim.ahead-of-print/jcim-2016-0064/jcim-2016-0064.xml. [PMID: 28704196 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2016-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Background It is important to consider the optimum conditions and processing factors (like solvent type) influencing activity of plant antioxidants for utilization in food and biological systems. Methods The antioxidant capacity and phenolic content of two Mentha species, namely, Mentha pulegium L. (MP) and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds (MR), were studied and six solvent systems were used. The total antioxidant capacity of the mint species extracts was evaluated using phosphomolybdenum method and the free radical-scavenging capacity by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging assay. Results The efficiency of the used solvents to extract phenols from the two species varied considerably. The highest total phenolic content was obtained from methanol extract of MP (25.3±1.3 mg GAE/gdw) and total flavonoid content from methanol extract of MR (10.1±0.1 mg QE/gdw). High phenol content was significantly correlated with high antioxidant capacity. The methanol extracts showed the highest radical scavenging activity. All the extracts showed variable antioxidant capacity by the formation of phosphomolybdenum complex. Acetone extract of MP and methanol extract of MR exhibited marked reducing power in this method. Conclusions Our findings identified the appropriate solvent for extracting MP and MR phenolics which might provide a rich source of natural antioxidants.
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Laouar A, Klibet F, Bourogaa E, Benamara A, Boumendjel A, Chefrour A, Messarah M. Potential antioxidant properties and hepatoprotective effects of Juniperus phoenicea berries against CCl 4 induced hepatic damage in rats. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2017; 10:263-269. [PMID: 28442109 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties of Juniperus phoenicea (J. phoenicea) berries against CCl4-induced oxidative damage in rats. METHODS Hepatotoxicity was induced in albino Wistar rats by single dose of CCl4 dissolved in olive oil (1 mL/kg BW, 1/1 in olive oil, i.p.). Aqueous extract of J. phoenicea berries (AEJP) was administered at the dose of 250 mg/kg/day by gavage for 12 days. RESULTS Obtained results revealed that administration of CCl4 caused a significant increase in plasma ASAT, ALAT, ALP and LDH activities and total bilirubin concentration, compared to the control group. While, albumin and total protein concentration were significantly lower. Additionally, a significant decrease in the level of hepatic GSH, GPx and GST activities associated with a significant increase of MDA content in CCl4 group than those of the control. However, the treatment of experimental rats with AEJP prevented these alterations and maintained the antioxidant status. The histopathological observations supported the biochemical evidences of hepatoprotection. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present investigation indicate that J. Phoenicea possesses hepatoprotective activity and this effect was may be due to its antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amel Laouar
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba 23000, Algeria
| | - Fahima Klibet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biological Cellular and Molecular, Faculty of Sciences, University of Mentouri, BP 25000 Constantine, Algeria
| | - Ezzeddine Bourogaa
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Soukra Road-Km 3.5, BP 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Amel Benamara
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Larbi Tebessi, Tebessa 12000, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba 23000, Algeria
| | - Azzedine Chefrour
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparations for Hospital Use, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Badji, Mokhtar-Annaba 23000, Algeria; Department of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Life, University of Mohamed Cherif Mesaadia, Souk Ahras 41000, Algeria
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Badji Mokhtar, Annaba 23000, Algeria.
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Rofiee MS, Yusof MIM, Abdul Hisam EE, Bannur Z, Zakaria ZA, Somchit MN, Teh LK, Salleh MZ. Isolating the metabolic pathways involved in the hepatoprotective effect of Muntingia calabura against CCl4-induced liver injury using LC/MS Q-TOF. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 166:109-18. [PMID: 25792013 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Muntingia calabura L. has been used in Southeast Asia and tropical America as antipyretic, antiseptic, analgesic, antispasmodic and liver tonic. This study aims to determine the acute toxicity and the metabolic pathways involved in the hepatoprotective mechanism of M. calabura. MATERIALS AND METHODS CCl4-induced hepatotoxic rat model was developed and a dose dependent effect of M. calabura was conducted. Body weight, food and water consumption were measured every day and rats were sacrificed to collect the serum samples at the end of the 10-days treatment. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrapole time of flight (LC/MS-QTOF) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) were used to determine differentially expressed metabolites due to treatment with CCl4 and M. calabura extracts. Metabolomics Pathway Analysis (MetPA) was used for analysis and visualization of pathways involved. RESULTS Body weight, food and water consumption were significantly decreased and histopathological study revealed steatosis in CCl4-induced rats. PCA score plots show distinct separation in the metabolite profiles of the normal group, CCl4-treated group and extract of M. calabura (MCME) pre-treated groups. Biomarkers network reconstruction using MetPA had identified 2 major pathways which were involved in the protective mechanism of MCME. These include the (i) biosynthesis of the primary bile acid, (ii) metabolism of arachidonic acid. CONCLUSION This study has successfully isolated 2 major pathways involved in the hepatoprotecive effect of MCME against CCl4-induced liver injury using the LC/MS Q-TOF metabolomics approach. The involvement of archidonic acid and purine metabolism in hepatoprotection has not been reported previously and may provide new therapeutic targets and/or options for the treatment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S Rofiee
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M I M Yusof
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - E E Abdul Hisam
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Bannur
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z A Zakaria
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - M N Somchit
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences,Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - L K Teh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - M Z Salleh
- Integrative Pharmacogenomics Institute (iPROMISE), Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia; Department of Pharmaceutical Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Puncak Alam Campus, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300 Selangor, Malaysia.
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