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Antibiofilm Activity of Azadirachta indica and Catharanthus roseus and Their Synergistic Effects in Combination with Antimicrobial Agents against Fluconazole-Resistant Candida albicans Strains and MRSA. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:9373524. [PMID: 35356250 PMCID: PMC8959965 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9373524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The rapid emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance has become a global public health concern that threatens the effective treatment of infectious diseases. One major approach adopted to overcome antimicrobial resistance is the use of plant extracts individually and/or with combination of antibiotics with plant extracts, which may lead to new ways of treating infectious diseases and essentially representing a potential area for further future investigations. In this study, the antifungal activities of Azadirachta indica leaf and Catharanthus roseus flower extracts against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans strains (isolated from pregnant women with vulvovaginal candidiasis) and anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were evaluated by agar well diffusion, microdilution, and biofilm inhibition assays. Subsequently, the determination of the combined antimicrobial activity of the individual plant extracts with (fluconazole and voriconazole) and (ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin) against C. albicans strains and MRSA, respectively, was evaluated by checkerboard microdilution assay. Results from the study showed that the antimicrobial activity of the two plant extracts determined by time-kill kinetics was fungistatic with their MICs ranging from 0.1 to 4 mg/mL. Interestingly, all extracts were proved as good biofilm inhibitors of resistant C. albicans and MRSA from 10.1 to 98.82%. Their combination interaction with fluconazole, voriconazole, ampicillin, tetracycline, and streptomycin ranged from synergy to antagonism as per the parameters used. Overall, these results showed that A. indica leaf and C. roseus flower extracts have significant antifungal property. Furthermore, A. indica leaf and C. roseus flower extracts alone or in combination with fluconazole and voriconazole could provide a promising approach to the management of candidiasis caused by drug-resistant strains as well as their interaction with the antibacterial agents to combat the common infections caused by MRSA.
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Bioactive triterpenoids from Solanum torvum fruits with antifungal, resistance modulatory and anti-biofilm formation activities against fluconazole-resistant candida albicans strains. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260956. [PMID: 34962953 PMCID: PMC8714089 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is the second most common vaginal infection that affects women of reproductive age. Its increased occurrence and associated treatment cost coupled to the rise in resistance of the causative pathogen to current antifungal therapies has necessitated the need for the discovery and development of novel effective antifungal agents for the treatment of the disease. We report in this study the anti-Candida albicans activity of Solanum torvum 70% ethanol fruit extract (STF), fractions and some isolated compounds against four (4) fluconazole-resistant strains of C. albicans. We further report on the effect of the isolated compounds on the antifungal activity of fluconazole and voriconazole in the resistant isolates as well as their inhibitory effect on C. albicans biofilm formation. STF was fractionated using n-hexane, chloroform (CHCl3) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) to obtain four respective major fractions, which were then evaluated for anti-C. albicans activity using the microbroth dilution method. The whole extract and fractions recorded MICs that ranged from 0.25 to 16.00 mg/mL. From the most active fraction, STF- CHCl3 (MIC = 0.25-1.00 mg/mL), four (4) known compounds were isolated as Betulinic acid, 3-oxo-friedelan-20α-oic acid, Sitosterol-3-β-D-glucopyranoside and Oleanolic acid. The compounds demonstrated considerably higher antifungal activity (0.016 to 0.512 mg/mL) than the extract and fractions and caused a concentration-dependent anti-biofilm formation activity. They also increased the sensitivity of the C. albicans isolates to fluconazole. This is the first report of 3-oxo-friedelan-20α-oic acid in the plant as well as the first report of betulinic acid, sitosterol-3-β-D-glucopyranoside and oleanolic acid from the fruits of S. torvum. The present study has demonstrated the anti-C. albicans activity of the constituents of S. torvum ethanol fruit extract and also shown that the constituents possess anti-biofilm formation and resistance modulatory activities against fluconazole-resistant clinical C. albicans isolates.
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Xyloglucan, Hibiscus and Propolis in the Management of Uncomplicated Lower Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 11:antibiotics11010014. [PMID: 35052890 PMCID: PMC8773311 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In the era of antibiotic resistance, an antibiotic-sparing approach presents an interesting alternative treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women. Our aim is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness and safety profile of a medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis (XHP) in women with uncomplicated cystitis. Methods: Relevant databases were searched using methods recommended by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The primary endpoint was clinical or microbiological success, defined as the complete (cure) and/or non-complete (improvement) resolution of symptoms at the end of treatment, or microbiological resolutions. Results: After screening 21 articles, three studies were included, recruiting a total of 178 patients. All three studies used placebo as comparator. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of clinical or microbiological resolution between the medical device and the comparator (3 RCTs, 178 patients, OR: 0.13; 95% CI: 0.05–0.33; p < 0.0001). No clinically significant adverse effects have been reported. Conclusion: A medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis is superior to comparator regimens in terms of clinical effectiveness in adult women with microbiologically confirmed or clinical suspicion of uncomplicated cystitis and is associated with a high patient compliance.
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Cai T, Konstantinidis C, Ward S. A non-pharmacological approach to the treatment of urinary tract infections: case reports with Utipro ® Plus. Drugs Context 2021; 10:dic-2021-2-2. [PMID: 34104200 PMCID: PMC8152786 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2021-2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) can profoundly impair patients’ quality of life and carry a substantial health resource burden. Although antibiotics are the mainstay of treatment, interest is growing in identifying antibiotic-sparing alternatives. Utipro® Plus is a medical device that acts as a mechanical barrier to protect the intestinal lumen against the adherence and invasion of uropathogenic strains of Escherichia coli. It is intended for the control and prevention of UTIs caused by E. coli and other Gram-negative uropathogens. Using illustrative case reports, this review documents outcomes in three women with recurrent UTIs who were treated with Utipro® Plus in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sam Ward
- Clinic Saint Jean, Brussels, Belgium
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Ngan LTM, Tan MT, Hoang NVM, Thanh DT, Linh NTT, Hoa TTH, Nuong NTM, Hieu TT. Antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. red flower against antibiotic-resistant strains of Helicobacter pylori and identification of the flower constituents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 54:e10889. [PMID: 34008759 PMCID: PMC8130102 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2020e10889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Utilization of plant resources for treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections is one of the appealing approaches as rapid emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains is occurring throughout the world. Ethanol extract and its fractions from Hibiscus rosa-sinensis red flower were assessed for antibacterial and urease inhibitory activities towards forty-three clinical strains and two reference strains of H. pylori. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the most potent bacteriostatic activity with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 0.2-0.25 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of 1.25-1.5 mg/mL against all test strains, including forty-three strains resistant to one to four antibiotics, azithromycin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), erythromycin (MICs, 8-128 µg/mL), levofloxacin (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL), and/or metronidazole (MICs, 8-256 µg/mL). The fraction had similar antibacterial activities toward these test strains suggesting the preparation and the antibiotics do not have a common mechanism of anti-H. pylori activity. The fraction also had stronger effects on biofilm formation, morphological conversion, and urease activity of H. pylori than the other fractions and the ethanol extract. These flower preparations were non-toxic to three human cell lines, and nine compounds were also isolated and identified from the ethyl acetate fraction. In vivo research needs to be conducted to confirm the potential usefulness of H. rosa-sinensis flower and its constituents for effective prevention and treatment of H. pylori disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T M Ngan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - M T Tan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N V M Hoang
- Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - D T Thanh
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T T Linh
- Faculty of Chemistry, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T T H Hoa
- Central Laboratory for Analysis, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - N T M Nuong
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - T T Hieu
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, VNUHCM-University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
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Salem MA, Zayed A, Beshay ME, Abdel Mesih MM, Ben Khayal RF, George FA, Ezzat SM. Hibiscus sabdariffa L.: phytoconstituents, nutritive, and pharmacological applications. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-020-00542-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Das S. Natural therapeutics for urinary tract infections-a review. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020; 6:64. [PMID: 33215041 PMCID: PMC7498302 DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00086-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The recurrence of the urinary tract infections (UTI), following the antibiotic treatments suggests the pathogen’s resistance to conventional antibiotics. This calls for the exploration of an alternative therapy. Main body The anti-uropathogenic and bactericidal activity of many plant extracts was reported by many researchers, which involves only preliminary antibacterial studies using different basic techniques like disk diffusion, agar well diffusion, or minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude plant extracts, but reports on the specific action of the phytoconstituents against uropathogens are limited. Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton (cranberry) is the best-studied home remedy for UTI. Some evidences suggest that proanthocyanins present in cranberry, prevent bacteria from adhering to the walls of the urinary tract, subsequently blocking the further steps of uropathogenesis. Probiotics such as Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are beneficial microorganisms that may act by the competitive exclusion principle to defend against infections in the urogenital tracts. Reports on potential vaccine agents and antibodies targeting the different toxins and effecter proteins are still obscure except uropathogenic E. coli. Conclusion This review highlights some of the medicinal herbs used by aborigines to prevent or treat acute or chronic urinary tract infections, botanicals with established urobactericidal activity, clinical trials undertaken to compare the efficacy of cranberry products in UTI prevention, and other natural therapeutics reported for UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Das
- Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, Orissa 760007 India
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Rodriguez-Mañas L. Urinary tract infections in the elderly: a review of disease characteristics and current treatment options. Drugs Context 2020; 9:dic-2020-4-13. [PMID: 32699546 PMCID: PMC7357682 DOI: 10.7573/dic.2020-4-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in the elderly, and cover a range of conditions from asymptomatic bacteriuria to urosepsis. Risk factors for developing symptomatic UTIs include immunosenescence, exposure to nosocomial pathogens, multiple comorbidities, and a history of UTIs. European guidelines on urological infections recommend antimicrobial treatment only for symptomatic UTIs. Non-antimicrobial options to treat and prevent UTIs include among others cranberry products, OM-89 Escherichia coli bacterial lysate vaccine, and estrogen therapy in postmenopausal women, although evidence for their efficacy is weak. Another non-antimicrobial option to control and prevent UTIs is a medical device (Utipro Plus®) containing xyloglucan, gelatin, propolis, and extracts of Hibiscus sabdariffa. The device acts in the intestine as a mechanical barrier to protect against invasion by uropathogenic E. coli strains. A randomized controlled trial of Utipro Plus® in patients with uncomplicated UTIs provided good-quality evidence of its efficacy compared with placebo. In an observational study of Utipro Plus® in patients with recurrent UTIs, more than 80% women reported a return to their pre-UTI clinical status and about 30% transitioned from symptomatic UTIs to asymptomatic bacteriuria. New treatment strategies that offer a safe and effective non-antimicrobial means of managing UTIs could have an important role in the elderly.
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Barletta C, Paccone M, Uccello N, Scaldarella LO, Romano C, Mainini G, Passaro M. Efficacy of food supplement Acidif plus® in the treatment of uncomplicated UTIs in women: a pilot observational study. MINERVA GINECOLOGICA 2020; 72:70-74. [PMID: 32403906 DOI: 10.23736/s0026-4784.20.04495-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infection diagnosed in women. The standard therapy is represented by short course of anti-microbial treatment to eradicate causative pathogens. However, due to antibiotic treatment, normal microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract is at risk of depletion and prolonged use of antibiotics can lead to the development of resistant strains. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the efficacy of Acidif plus®, a novel preparation containing L-Methionine, Boswellia serrata and Hibiscus sabdariffa, in the treatment of UTIs in women, in comparison with standard antibiotic treatment with fosfomycin. METHODS We performed a pilot clinical study with 88 patients with uncomplicated UTIs treated in ambulatory care clinics. The subjects recruited in the study were divided into two groups: the treatment group included 57 patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic uncomplicated, bacteriuria-positive UTIs, who were treated by oral administration of Acidif plus® two tablets per day (1 tablet in the morning and 1 tablet in the evening) for 7 days. The control group included 31 patients with both symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria-positive uncomplicated UTIs, treated with fosfomycin for two consecutive days. Clinical improvement of symptoms and urine bacteriuria were evaluated as treatment outcomes. RESULTS More than 50% of Acidif plus® treated patients were free of symptoms of UTIs at the end of the treatment regime. In addition, Acidif plus® treatment was effective in eliminating the bacterial infection in the post-treatment urine cultures in more than 85% of the patients. CONCLUSIONS In this study Acidif plus® treatment in patients with uncomplicated UTIs was found to be non-inferior to the standard antibiotic therapy. In acute setting, Acidif plus® was shown to be even more effective in alleviating the symptoms than fosfomycin and in eliminating bacteria in urine cultures. It is therefore possible to propose Acidif plus® as a potential alternative option to reduce the problem of multi-drug resistance in urinary infections.
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Chen YC, Chang CC, Chiu THT, Lin MN, Lin CL. The risk of urinary tract infection in vegetarians and non-vegetarians: a prospective study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:906. [PMID: 32001729 PMCID: PMC6992707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is caused principally by ascending Escherichia coli infection via an intestine-stool-urethra route. Recent studies found that the strains of E. coli causing UTIs, called extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC), were distinct from the intestinal pathogenic strains and normal commensal strains. Further analysis found the meat including poultry and pork is the major reservoir for ExPECs. Vegetarians avoid meat and should theoretically have less exposure to ExPEC. However, no study thus far has examined whether vegetarian diets reduce the risk of UTI. Our aim was to examine the association between vegetarian diet and UTI risk in a Taiwanese Buddhist population. We prospectively followed 9724 Buddhists free of UTI from 2005 to 2014. During the 10-year follow-up, 661 incident UTI cases were confirmed. Diet was assessed through a food frequency questionnaire. Cox regression was used to evaluate the prospective association between a vegetarian diet on risk of UTI while adjusting for age, sex, educational level, alcohol-drinking, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, and disease conditions predisposing to UTIs. Overall, vegetarian diet was associated with 16% lower hazards (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.71-0.99). In subgroup analysis, the protective association between vegetarian diet and UTI is observed mainly in the female (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.69-0.99), never smokers (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67-0.95), and for uncomplicated UTI (HR: 0.81, 95% CI: 0.68-0.98).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chang Chen
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chen Chang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Tina H T Chiu
- Department of Nutritional Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Nan Lin
- Department of Family Medicine, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi County, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lon Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Dalin Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Chiayi County, Taiwan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Cai T, Tamanini I, Cocci A, Di Maida F, Caciagli P, Migno S, Mereu L, Tateo S, Malossini G, Palmieri A, Verze P, Mirone V, Bjerklund Johansen TE. Xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis to reduce symptoms and antibiotics use in recurrent UTIs: a prospective study. Future Microbiol 2020; 14:1013-1021. [PMID: 31469009 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2019-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of a medical device containing xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis in the management of recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTIs). Patients & methods: Sixty-one women affected by rUTIs received this medical device, one capsule a day for 15 days (one cycle every month, for 6 months), in an observational, prospective study. Clinical and microbiological evaluations were performed at baseline and 1, 3 and 6 months from enrolment. Results: At first follow-up, 41 reported a clinical improvement and a return to their clinical status before UTI, while 47 and 51 did so at the second and third follow-up evaluations. A statistically significant clinical improvement was reported at each follow-up visit (quality of life [QoL] 94.2 vs 98.6; QoL 94.1 vs 98.7; QoL 94.2 vs 99.1; p < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction in antibiotic use was reported. Conclusion: This medical device is able to improve quality of life in women with rUTIs, reduce recurrences and antibiotic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Cai
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Irene Tamanini
- Department of Urology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Andrea Cocci
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Patrizio Caciagli
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Serena Migno
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Liliana Mereu
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Saverio Tateo
- Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics, Santa Chiara Regional Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Verze
- Department of Urology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mirone
- Department of Urology, University of Naples, Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Truls E Bjerklund Johansen
- Department of Urology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway & Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway
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Dwivedi M, Muralidhar S, Saluja D. Hibiscus sabdariffa Extract Inhibits Adhesion, Biofilm Initiation and Formation in Candida albicans. Indian J Microbiol 2019; 60:96-106. [PMID: 32089579 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-019-00835-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms act as reservoirs for pathogenic sessile microbes which reside inside the three dimensional matrix of the biofilm, and are thus protected against anti-microbial drugs. Most of the anti-microbial drugs fail to completely abolish the biofilm associated infections. In the present study, we provide evidence of Hibiscus sabdariffa (Hs) extract having possible anti-microbial activity, with emphasis on Candida albicans biofilm. The Hs extract was shown to be effective against C. albicans pre-formed biofilm at 3.125 mg/ml and was able to inhibit the hyphae initiation and adherence of cells. Furthermore, Hs extract was able to reduce the C. albicans load in C. elegans by effectively killing the Candida cells thereby reducing the viable colony count and effectively increasing the lifespan of worms. The percentage of viable hatched progeny of worms exposed to Hs extract (both at conc. 1.5 mg/ml and 6.25 mg/ml), was also comparable to that of the control untreated eggs. The Hs extract was also found to be significantly effective against fluconazole resistant C. albicans isolated from patients. Thus, we, for the first time, propose Hs extract as a prospective drug candidate and substitute for eradicating pre-formed biofilm and inhibiting the growth of C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Dwivedi
- 1Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
| | - Sumathi Muralidhar
- 2Apex-Regional STD Centre and State Reference Laboratory for HIV, Department of Microbiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, 110029 India
| | - Daman Saluja
- 1Medical Biotechnology Laboratory, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research (ACBR), University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
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Jabeur I, Pereira E, Caleja C, Calhelha RC, Soković M, Catarino L, Barros L, Ferreira ICFR. Exploring the chemical and bioactive properties of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces from Guinea-Bissau (West Africa). Food Funct 2019; 10:2234-2243. [PMID: 30957799 DOI: 10.1039/c9fo00287a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Different external factors influence the chemical characteristics of natural products, varying according to the geographic origin. The present study determined the nutritional and chemical composition of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. dried calyces (Guinea-Bissauan origin), as well as the phenolic composition, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of its infusion and hydroethanolic extracts. Among the chemical components, glucose and quinic acid showed the major concentration for sugars and organic acids, respectively. Palmitic acid and α-tocopherol were the most abundant lipophilic compounds. The individual phenolic compounds were analysed through HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS. Thirteen compounds were identified in the hydroethanolic extract, while twelve were identified in the infusion, 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid being the major non-anthocyanin compound. Three anthocyanins were identified, delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside being the most abundant. Both extracts showed promising results in all the bioactive assays. This study exhibited the beneficial properties of H. sabdariffa and also emphasized the potential applications of this plant in different industrial sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inès Jabeur
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Eliana Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Caleja
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Marina Soković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stankovic", Department of Plant Physiology, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Luís Catarino
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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Różalska B, Sadowska B, Żuchowski J, Więckowska-Szakiel M, Budzyńska A, Wójcik U, Stochmal A. Phenolic and Nonpolar Fractions of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson Extracts as Virulence Modulators-In Vitro Study on Bacteria, Fungi, and Epithelial Cells. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23071498. [PMID: 29933557 PMCID: PMC6099406 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Butanol extracts from leaves, twigs, and fruits of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (L.) A. Nelson (sea buckthorn, SBT) were fractionated into phenolic and nonpolar lipid components, the chemical composition of which was analyzed. Assuming that an effect on natural microbiota and host epithelial cells needs to be assessed, regardless of the purpose of using SBT formulations in vivo, the minimal inhibitory/biocidal/fungicidal concentrations (MICs/MBCs/MFCs) of the fractions and reference phytocompounds were screened, involving 17 species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and Candida species. The MICs of SBT extracts were in the range of 0.25–2.0 mg∙mL−1. Since direct antimicrobial activity of the extracts was quite low and variable, the impact of subMIC on the important in vivo persistence properties of model microorganisms S. aureus and C. albicans was evaluated. Tests for adhesion and biofilm formation on an abiotic surface and on surfaces conditioned with fibrinogen, collagen, plasma, or artificial saliva showed the inhibitory activity of the fractions. The effects on fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled staphylococci adhesion to fibroblasts (HFF-1) and epithelial cells (Caco-2), and on fungal morphogenesis, indicated that SBT extracts have high antivirulence potential. Cytotoxicity tests (MTT reduction) on the standard fibroblast cell line showed variable biological safety of the fractions depending on their composition and concentration. The new information afforded by this study, additional to that already known, is of potential practical value in the application of SBT-derived preparations as antivirulence agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Różalska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 91-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Beata Sadowska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 91-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Żuchowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
| | - Marzena Więckowska-Szakiel
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 91-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Budzyńska
- Laboratory of Microbiological and Technical Services, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 91-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Urszula Wójcik
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Institute of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 91-237 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Czartoryskich 8, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
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15
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Riaz G, Chopra R. A review on phytochemistry and therapeutic uses of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:575-586. [PMID: 29597091 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (roselle) belonging to the Malvaceae family is widely grown in many countries. This plant is often used in the traditional medicine being rich in phytochemicals like polyphenols especially anthocyanins, polysaccharides and organic acids thus having enormous prospective in modern therapeutic uses. The study aimed to review and document all the available evidence and information about the calyces of Hibiscus sabdariffa (roselle) with the special focus on their nutritional composition, bioactive constituents and therapeutic uses. The electronic database was searched up to 2017, using keywords Hibiscus sabdariffa, chemical constituents of roselle, therapeutic uses of roselle. Journals, books and conference proceedings were also searched. The review provides valuable information about the nutraceutical component of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. and their utilization for curing various degenerative diseases like hypertension, hyperlipidemia, cancer and other inflammatory diseases of liver and kidney. Their toxicological effects have also been discussed from a safety point of view. Most studies supported and provided the scientific basis for the statement that Hibiscus sabdariffa and their active constituents play an important role in the prevention of chronic and degenerative diseases that are associated with oxidative stress. Our study suggests, that good research is needed, to establish a potential strategy that can balance the pharmacological and toxic effects of roselle and standardized fingerprint of Hibiscus sabdariffa is required internationally for quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghazala Riaz
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, F-4 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 1100016, India.
| | - Rajni Chopra
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Institute of Home Economics, F-4 Hauz Khas Enclave, New Delhi, 1100016, India; Department of Food and Nutrition, University of Delhi, India.
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Soliman S, Alnajdy D, El-Keblawy AA, Mosa KA, Khoder G, Noreddin AM. Plants' Natural Products as Alternative Promising Anti- Candida Drugs. Pharmacogn Rev 2017; 11:104-122. [PMID: 28989245 PMCID: PMC5628516 DOI: 10.4103/phrev.phrev_8_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida is a serious life-threatening pathogen, particularly with immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are considered as a major cause of morbidity and mortality in a broad range of immunocompromised patients. Candida infections are common in hospitalized patients and elderly people. The difficulty to eradicate Candida infections is owing to its unique switch between yeast and hyphae forms and more likely to biofilm formations that render resistance to antifungal therapy. Plants are known sources of natural medicines. Several plants show significant anti-Candida activities and some of them have lower minimum inhibitory concentration, making them promising candidates for anti-Candida therapy. However, none of these plant products is marketed for anti-Candida therapy because of lack of sufficient information about their efficacy, toxicity, and kinetics. This review revises major plants that have been tested for anti-Candida activities with recommendations for further use of some of these plants for more investigation and in vivo testing including the use of nanostructure lipid system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameh Soliman
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Dina Alnajdy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali A. El-Keblawy
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kareem A. Mosa
- Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghalia Khoder
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ayman M. Noreddin
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapy, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University, Irvine, California, USA
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17
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Sadowska B, Budzyńska A, Stochmal A, Żuchowski J, Różalska B. Novel properties of Hippophae rhamnoides L. twig and leaf extracts - anti-virulence action and synergy with antifungals studied in vitro on Candida spp. model. Microb Pathog 2017; 107:372-379. [PMID: 28428132 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Original, chemically characterized Sea buckthorn (SBT) twig and leaf extracts were in vitro studied in terms of anti-Candida activity. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts against C. albicans ATCC 10231 ranged: 250 μg/ml (twig), 31.5 μg/ml (leaf), and against C. glabrata G1 (clinical isolate) - 15.6 μg/ml (twig), 3.9 μg/ml (leaf). Next the extracts have been used at their subMIC. Both extracts significantly enhanced activity of fluconazole (FLC) and caspofungin (CAS) against C. albicans and increased their efficacy against C. glabrata, measured by an agar dilution assay combined with the E-test. The extracts inhibited C. albicans morphogenesis such as germ tube and hyphae formation as well as invasion to the "Spider" Agar. Antiadhesive and anti-biofilm activities of the extracts were evaluated by Alamar Blue reduction assay. It showed not significant reduction in the degree of cell adhesion (by 10-15%) but noticeable decrease of biofilm formation (by 80% in the case of SBT-twig extract). In conclusion, this study provided the evidence that SBT extracts, used at non-cytotoxic concentrations for the fibroblasts (IC50 from 664.8 μg/ml to 1060.4 μg/ml), targeted some of Candida spp. virulence factors essential for the establishment of the infection. SBT twigs, previously regarded as waste material, were shown to be also a valuable source of the substances with promising antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Sadowska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Budzyńska
- Laboratory of Microbiological and Technical Services, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Stochmal
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jerzy Żuchowski
- Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation, State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Barbara Różalska
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Poland.
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18
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Fraile B, Alcover J, Royuela M, Rodríguez D, Chaves C, Palacios R, Piqué N. Xyloglucan, hibiscus and propolis for the prevention of urinary tract infections: results of in vitro studies. Future Microbiol 2017; 12:721-731. [PMID: 28345957 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To assess the properties of a medical device containing xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus to create a bioprotective barrier to avoid the contact of uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains on cell walls in models of intestinal (CacoGoblet) and uroepithelial (RWPE-1) cells (derived from normal human prostate epithelium). MATERIALS & METHODS Two uropathogenic E. coli strains (expressing type 1 fimbriae and P fimbriae) were used to assess, by electronic microscopy and ELISA, the barrier properties of the medical device. The antimicrobial activity was assessed in broth dilution assays. RESULTS The three components (xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus) did not alter E. coli cell integrity in intestinal and uroepithelial cell models and were devoid of antibacterial activity. The three components avoided bacterial contact in both cell monolayers. CONCLUSION The nonpharmacological barrier properties of xyloglucan, propolis and hibiscus confirm the role of the medical device for the management of urinary tract infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benito Fraile
- Department of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Alcover
- Laboratorios DIATER, SA. Avenida Gregorio Peces Barba, no. 2. Parque Tecnológico de Leganés. 208918 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mar Royuela
- Department of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Rodríguez
- Laboratorios DIATER, SA. Avenida Gregorio Peces Barba, no. 2. Parque Tecnológico de Leganés. 208918 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Chaves
- Department of Biomedicine & Biotechnology, University of Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ricardo Palacios
- Laboratorios DIATER, SA. Avenida Gregorio Peces Barba, no. 2. Parque Tecnológico de Leganés. 208918 Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Piqué
- Department of Microbiology & Parasitology, Pharmacy Faculty, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Diagonal Sud, Facultat de Farmàcia, Edifici A, Av Joan XXIII, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Muthamil S, Pandian SK. Inhibitory effect of Murraya koenigii against Candida albicans virulence and biofilm development. Biologia (Bratisl) 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2016-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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20
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Chou ST, Lo HY, Li CC, Cheng LC, Chou PC, Lee YC, Ho TY, Hsiang CY. Exploring the effect and mechanism of Hibiscus sabdariffa on urinary tract infection and experimental renal inflammation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:617-625. [PMID: 27773797 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hibiscus sabdariffa Linn., also known as roselle, is used in folk medicine as an anti-inflammatory agent. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common problem in long-term care facilities. However, effects of roselle on UTI and renal inflammation remained to be analyzed. AIM Here we surveyed the effect of roselle drink on the prevention of UTI in long-term care facilities and analyzed the anti-inflammatory potential of roselle on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced renal inflammation in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Survey questionnaires and clinical observation were applied to evaluate the use of roselle and the incidence of UTI in long-term care facilities. Mice were administrated roselle orally for 7 consecutive days and then challenged with LPS. Anti-renal inflammatory effects of roselle were analyzed by microarray and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Clinical observation showed that taking roselle drink in residents with urinary catheters reduced the incidence of UTI in long-term care facilities. Renal inflammation is a key event of UTI. Roselle suppressed LPS-induced nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation in cells and LPS-induced interleukin-1β production in mice a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical staining showed that roselle inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB activation and inflammatory cell infiltration in kidney. Gene expression profiling further showed that roselle suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes and enzyme genes involved in the production of prostaglandin and nitric oxide. In addition, NF-κB was the main transcription factor involved in the regulation of roselle-regulated gene expression in kidney. CONCLUSIONS This is the first report applying clinical observation-guided transcriptomic study to explore the application and mechanism of roselle on UTI. Our findings suggested that roselle drink ameliorated LPS-induced renal inflammation via downregulation of cytokine network, pro-inflammatory product production, and NF-κB pathway. Moreover, this report suggested the potential benefit of roselle drink on UTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Ting Chou
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yi Lo
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Li
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Chen Cheng
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Hung Tsung Lin Hospital and Nursing Home of Hong's Hospital, Changhua 52658, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chi Chou
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Lee
- Graduate Institute of Acupuncture Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Division of Chinese Acupuncture, China Medical University Hospital, 40447 Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tin-Yun Ho
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Chien-Yun Hsiang
- Department of Microbiology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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