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Govender P, Ghai M. Population-specific differences in the human microbiome: Factors defining the diversity. Gene 2024; 933:148923. [PMID: 39244168 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2024] [Revised: 08/15/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Differences in microbial communities at different body habitats define the microbiome composition of the human body. The gut, oral, skin vaginal fluid and tissue microbiome, are pivotal for human development and immune response and cross talk between these microbiomes is evident. Population studies reveal that various factors, such as host genetics, diet, lifestyle, aging, and geographical location are strongly associated with population-specific microbiome differences. The present review discusses the factors that shape microbiome diversity in humans, and microbiome differences in African, Asian and Caucasian populations. Gut microbiome studies show that microbial species Bacteroides is commonly found in individuals living in Western countries (Caucasian populations), while Prevotella is prevalent in non-Western countries (African and Asian populations). This association is mainly due to the high carbohydrate, high fat diet in western countries in contrast to high fibre, low fat diets in African/ Asian regions. Majority of the microbiome studies focus on the bacteriome component; however, interesting findings reveal that increased bacteriophage richness, which makes up the virome component, correlates with decreased bacterial diversity, and causes microbiome dysbiosis. An increase of Caudovirales (bacteriophages) is associated with a decrease in enteric bacteria in inflammatory bowel diseases. Future microbiome studies should evaluate the interrelation between bacteriome and virome to fully understand their significance in the pathogenesis and progression of human diseases. With ethnic health disparities becoming increasingly apparent, studies need to emphasize on the association of population-specific microbiome differences and human diseases, to develop microbiome-based therapeutics. Additionally, targeted phage therapy is emerging as an attractive alternative to antibiotics for bacterial infections. With rapid rise in microbiome research, focus should be on standardizing protocols, advanced bioinformatics tools, and reducing sequencing platform related biases. Ultimately, integration of multi-omics data (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics) will lead to precision models for personalized microbiome therapeutics advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Govender
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
| | - Meenu Ghai
- Discipline of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa.
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Algburi AR, Jassim SM, Popov IV, Weeks R, Chikindas ML. Lactobacillus acidophilus VB1 co-aggregates and inhibits biofilm formation of chronic otitis media-associated pathogens. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:2581-2592. [PMID: 38789905 PMCID: PMC11405553 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-024-01363-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus acidophilus, alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin, against otitis media-associated bacteria. L. acidophilus cells were isolated from Vitalactic B (VB), a commercially available probiotic product containing two lactobacilli species, L. acidophilus and Lactiplantibacillus (formerly Lactobacillus) plantarum. The pathogenic bacterial samples were provided by Al-Shams Medical Laboratory (Baqubah, Iraq). Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing for 16 antibiotics were performed using the VITEK2 system. The minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofloxacin was also determined. The antimicrobial activity of L. acidophilus VB1 cell-free supernatant (La-CFS) was evaluated alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin using a checkerboard assay. Our data showed significant differences in the synergistic activity when La-CFS was combined with ciprofloxacin, in comparison to the use of each compound alone, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa SM17 and Proteus mirabilis SM42. However, an antagonistic effect was observed for the combination against Staphylococcus aureus SM23 and Klebsiella pneumoniae SM9. L. acidophilus VB1 was shown to significantly co-aggregate with the pathogenic bacteria, and the highest co-aggregation percentage was observed after 24 h of incubation. The anti-biofilm activities of CFS and biosurfactant (BS) of L. acidophilus VB1 were evaluated, and we found that the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration that inhibits 50% of bacterial biofilm (MBIC50) of La-CFS was significantly lower than MBIC50 of La-BS against the tested pathogenic bacterial species. Lactobacillus acidophilus, isolated from Vitane Vitalactic B capsules, demonstrated promising antibacterial and anti-biofilm activities against otitis media pathogens, highlighting its potential as an effective complementary/alternative therapeutic strategy to control bacterial ear infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammar R Algburi
- Department of Microbiology, Veterinary Medicine College, University of Diyala, Baqubah, Iraq
| | - Shireen M Jassim
- Alkhalis Section for Primary Care/Thoracic and Respiratory Diseases Unit, Alkhalis, Iraq
| | - Igor V Popov
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University-Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands.
- Agrobiotechnology Center and Faculty "Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia.
- Division of Immunobiology and Biomedicine, Center of Genetics and Life Sciences, Federal Territory Sirius, Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sochi, Russian Federation.
| | - Richard Weeks
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Michael L Chikindas
- Agrobiotechnology Center and Faculty "Bioengineering and Veterinary Medicine", Don State Technical University, Rostov-On-Don, Russia
- Health Promoting Naturals Laboratory, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers State University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Iram D, Sansi MS, Meena S, Puniya AK, Vij S. "In vitro antimicrobial and synergistic effect of fermented Indian zebu (Sahiwal) cow colostrum whey derived peptides with Lactobacillus rhamnosus against pathogenic bacteria". JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2023; 60:2568-2580. [PMID: 37599850 PMCID: PMC10439072 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-023-05776-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides (BAPs) have been found to promote health through various mechanisms. Among them, antimicrobial peptides are gaining recognition as promising novel treatments. This study aims to generate BAPs from bovine colostrum whey using the proteolytic activity of Lactobacillus rhamnosus C25 and to evaluate their potential antibacterial efficacy, including their ability to synergistic efficacy against resistant bacteria. Bioactive peptides were successfully generated from lactobacillus culture proteases that were cultivated through batch fermentation. The resulting peptide fractions were then evaluated for their antibacterial efficacy against a selection of strains, including E. coli ATCC25922, S. aureus MTCC1144, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC 17978, as well as clinically isolated resistant strains of E. coli (ESBL 1384), Acinetobacter 1379, and S. aureus (MRSA 1418). Notably, the peptide fractions with a molecular weight of < 10 kDa (0-10 kDa) significantly increased the membrane permeability of both E. coli (70.30 ± 0.41%) and S. aureus (63.04 ± 0.31%) as assessed by the crystal violet assay. The checkerboard method was utilized to perform synergistic tests with peptides and antibiotics. The peptide fractions with a molecular weight of (< 10 kDa) demonstrated synergistic effects with several antibiotics, including gentamycin, Rifampicin, Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Chloramphenicol, against the resistant ESBL 1384 strain, as indicated by ΣFICI values of 0.55, 0.53, 0.52, 0.54, and 0.52, respectively. Furthermore, the HT-29 cell line remained completely unaffected by both peptide fractions. These findings suggest that the < 10 kDa peptide fraction possesses significant antibacterial efficacy against both reference and ESBL 1384 resistant bacterial strain. Additionally, both MRSA 1418 and Acinetobacter 1379 displayed resistance to all fractions tested. To summarize the findings of this study, colostrum whey peptides with a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity can be efficiently produced through fermentation. This method could prove valuable for both the pharmaceutical and food industries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13197-023-05776-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daraksha Iram
- Antimicrobial Peptides, Biofunctional Probiotics and Peptidomics Laboratory, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
| | - Manish Singh Sansi
- Biofunctional Peptidomics and Metabolic Syndrome Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - Sunita Meena
- Biofunctional Peptidomics and Metabolic Syndrome Laboratory, Animal Biochemistry Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - Anil Kumar Puniya
- Anaerobic Microbial Fermentation Laboratory, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana India
| | - Shilpa Vij
- Antimicrobial Peptides, Biofunctional Probiotics and Peptidomics Laboratory, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana 132001 India
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Exploration of Indian Traditional recipe “Tarvaani” from the drained rice gruel for nutritional and probiotic potential. Int J Gastron Food Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007 Extract Modulates Critical Virulence Attributes and Biofilm Formation in Sinusitis Causing Streptococcus pyogenes. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122702. [PMID: 36559194 PMCID: PMC9780990 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pyogenes is one of the most common bacteria causing sinusitis in children and adult patients. Probiotics are known to cause antagonistic effects on S. pyogenes growth and biofilm formation. In the present study, we demonstrated the anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum KAU007 against S. pyogenes ATCC 8668. The antibacterial potential of L. plantarum KAU007 metabolite extract (LME) purified from the cell-free supernatant of L. plantarum KAU007 was evaluated in terms of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC). LME was further analyzed for its anti-biofilm potential using crystal violet assay and microscopic examination. Furthermore, the effect of LME was tested on the important virulence attributes of S. pyogenes, such as secreted protease production, hemolysis, extracellular polymeric substance production, and cell surface hydrophobicity. Additionally, the impact of LME on the expression of genes associated with biofilm formation and virulence attributes was analyzed using qPCR. The results revealed that LME significantly inhibited the growth and survival of S. pyogenes at a low concentration (MIC, 9.76 µg/mL; MBC, 39.06 µg/mL). Furthermore, LME inhibited biofilm formation and mitigated the production of extracellular polymeric substance at a concentration of 4.88 μg/mL in S. pyogenes. The results obtained from qPCR and biochemical assays advocated that LME suppresses the expression of various critical virulence-associated genes, which correspondingly affect various pathogenicity markers and were responsible for the impairment of virulence and biofilm formation in S. pyogenes. The non-hemolytic nature of LME and its anti-biofilm and anti-virulence properties against S. pyogenes invoke further investigation to study the role of LME as an antibacterial agent to combat streptococcal infections.
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Cervicovaginal microbiota isolated from healthy women exhibit probiotic properties and antimicrobial activity against pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients. Arch Microbiol 2022; 204:491. [PMID: 35840844 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03103-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abnormal cervicovaginal microbiota play an important role in HPV persistence and progression to cervical cancer. The present study aimed at isolating and identifying potential probiotics from vaginal swabs of healthy women and evaluating their activity against vaginal pathogens isolated from cervical cancer patients. Based on probiotic, acid-bile tolerance and antimicrobial properties, 13 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from the healthy group were identified by MALDI TOF MS (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionisation, Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry). Among these, four strains, Lactobacillus gasseri P36Mops, Limosilactobacillus fermentum P37Mws, Lactobacillus delbrueckii P31Mcs and Enterococcus faecium P26Mcm, exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against 8 vaginal pathogens (Staphylococcus haemolyticus P41Tcs, Escherichia coli P30Tcs, E. coli P79Bcm, Enterococus faecalis P29Mops, E. faecalis P50Tws, E. faecalis P68Tcb, S. haemolyticus P48Bcb and S. haemolyticus P58Bcb) isolated from precancerous and cervical cancer patients. 16S rRNA sequencing of four potential probiotics revealed congruency with the MALDI-TOF MS identification and phylogenetic analysis showed genetic relationship with previously reported LAB strains. The selected LAB showed strain specific hydrophobicity (35.88-56.70%), auto-aggregation (35.26-61.39%) and antibiotic susceptibility. Interestingly, L. gasseri P36Mops was resistant to five standard antibiotics routinely used against urogenital or vaginal infections. LCMS (Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry) analyses of the CFS (cell-free supernatant) of the four potential probiotics revealed the presence of metabolites such as N-(1-deoxy-1-fructosyl)valine, hygroline, acetoxy-2-hydroxy-16-heptadecen-4-one, avocadyne 4-acetate, avocadyne 2-acetate, taraxinic acid glucosyl ester, 6-hydroxypentadecanedioic acid, with reported antimicrobial activity. The overall data suggest the bio-therapeutic potential of the identified vaginal probiotics against cervical cancer-associated pathogens.
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Evaluation of inhibitory and probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria isolated from vaginal microflora. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2022; 67:427-445. [PMID: 35083726 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-021-00942-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are known to secrete species-specific secondary metabolites that could be utilized as novel therapeutics against multi-drug resistant pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the antagonistic and probiotic properties of LABs isolated from the vaginal ecosystem of healthy women and to assess the stability of their antagonistic metabolites. Among 43 strains isolated from healthy women, eight LAB strains exhibited detectable BLISs (bacteriocin-like substances) producing ability against E. faecalis (JH-86), S. aureus (JH-68), Streptococcus sp. (JH-80), and E. coli (JH-101), with zone of inhibition (ZI) ranging from 9.00 to 20.33 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) from 62.5 to 500 μL/mL, respectively. The partially purified compounds extracted from cell free supernatant (CFS) displayed an increase in antagonistic activity based on ZI, 9.67-30.17 mm and MICs, 3.91-15.63 mg/mL, respectively. In a time-kill study, both crude and partially purified compounds of Limosilactobacillus reuteri (MT180537), Pediococcus pentosaceus (MT176555), Limosilactobacillus pontis (MW362838), and Levilactobacillus brevis (MW362790) exhibited significant bactericidal action against E. faecalis (MW051601), the most frequent etiological agent of aerobic vaginitis (AV). The active secondary metabolites from L. reuteri (MT180537), P. pentosaceus (MT176555), and L. pontis (MW362838) were protein in nature and remained stable under different physicochemical conditions. Regarding probiotic properties, the strains presented probiotic characteristics, i.e., good acid, bile salt tolerance, aggregation properties, and biofilm formation. The strains were susceptible to most of the commonly used antibiotics and had no hemolytic activity. In conclusion, antagonistic compounds or BLIS produced by L. reuteri (MT180537) could be investigated further for preparation of ointments to treat AV.
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Asadi A, Lohrasbi V, Abdi M, Mirkalantari S, Esghaei M, Kashanian M, Oshaghi M, Talebi M. The probiotic properties and potential of vaginal Lactobacilli spp. isolated from healthy women against some vaginal pathogens. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 74:752-764. [DOI: 10.1111/lam.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Asadi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Vahid Lohrasbi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Milad Abdi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Shiva Mirkalantari
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Esghaei
- Department of Virology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Maryam Kashanian
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Akbarabadi Teaching Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Mozhgan Oshaghi
- Department of Lab Sciences Faculty of Allied Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Malihe Talebi
- Department of Microbiology School of Medicine Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
- Microbial Biotechnology Research Centre Iran University of Medical Sciences Shahid Hemmat Highway Tehran Iran
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Chiu ST, Chu TW, Simangunsong T, Ballantyne R, Chiu CS, Liu CH. Probiotic, Lactobacillus pentosus BD6 boost the growth and health status of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei via oral administration. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:124-135. [PMID: 34343542 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to assess and determine the oral-administration of probiotic, Lactobacillus pentosus BD6 on growth performance, immunity and disease resistance of white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei. Lac. pentosus BD6 effectively inhibited the growth of aquatic pathogens, which was used in the test. Shrimp were fed with the control diet (without probiotic supplement) for 60 days and the probiotic-containing diets at 107, 108, 109, and 1010 cfu kg-1, respectively. Shrimp fed with the diet containing probiotic at the doses of 109-10 cfu kg-1 showed significant increase in growth performance as well as feed efficiency than that of the control. After a challenge test with Vibrio alginolyticus, shrimp fed with a probiotic diet at a dose of 1010 cfu kg-1 showed a significantly lower mortality as compared to the control and that of shrimp fed the diet containing probiotic at the levels up to 107-8 cfu kg-1. In addition, a therapeutic potential of Lac. pentosus BD6 was discovered because the cumulative mortalities of shrimp fed with probiotic and pathogen V. parahaemolyticus simultaneously were significantly lower when compared to control shrimp. Probiotic in diet at a dose of 109-10 cfu kg-1 significantly increased PO activity of shrimp, while shrimp receiving probiotic at the doses of 108-10 cfu kg-1 showed significant increase in lysozyme activity and phagocytic activity. Shrimp fed with the diet containing probiotic at the level of 1010 cfu kg-1 also indicated higher gene expression of prophenoloxidase (proPO) I, but not proPO II, lipopolysaccharide and β-1,3-glucan-binding protein and penaeidin 4. Analysis of the bacterial microbiota of the shrimp intestine revealed that oral administration of probiotic increased the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria and reduced the abundance of harmful pathogenic bacteria in the gut flora of shrimp. Despite no statistically significant difference, an analysis of microbial diversity recorded higher species richness, Shannon-Weaver diversity index and evenness in the probiotic group, compared to the control group. It was concluded that Lac. pentosus BD6 has great antibacterial ability against a wide range of pathogens and has therapeutic potential to reduce the mortality of shrimp infected with V. parahaemolyticus. Additionally, dietary Lac. pentosus BD6 at the level of 1010 cfu kg-1 was recommended to improve growth performance, immunity and disease resistance of shrimp against V. alginolyticus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shieh-Tsung Chiu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Tah-Wei Chu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Aquaculture, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, 811, Taiwan
| | | | - Rolissa Ballantyne
- Department of Tropical Agriculture and International Cooperation, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Shia Chiu
- Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hung Liu
- Department of Aquaculture, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan; Research Center for Animal Biologics, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 912, Taiwan.
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New Insights into the Antimicrobial Properties of Hydrolysates and Peptide Fractions Derived from Chia Seed (Salvia hispanica L.). Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2021; 12:1571-1581. [PMID: 32385579 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-020-09653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bioactive peptides derived from chia (Salvia hispanica) seed with antioxidant, antihypertensive, and anti-inflammatory activities have been well documented; however, few studies describe the antimicrobial properties of these peptides, which is of great interest not only in the prevention of food-borne diseases but also food spoilage. The aim of this study was to generate chia seed peptides using microwave-assisted hydrolysis with sequential (alcalase + flavourzyme) enzymes (AF-MW), fractionate them into 3-10 and < 3 kDa fractions, and evaluate their potential antimicrobial activity towards Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Listeria monocytogenes. Overall, the peptide fraction < 3 kDa showed higher antimicrobial activity than both chia seed hydrolysate and peptide fraction 3-10 kDa. Furthermore, the < 3 kDa fraction showed remarkable increase in membrane permeability of E. coli (71.49% crystal violet uptake) and L. monocytogenes (80.10% crystal violet uptake). These peptides caused a significant extension in the lag phase, decreases in the maximum growth, and growth rate in the bacteria and promoted multiple indentations (transmembrane tunnels), membrane wrinkling, and pronounced deformations in the integrity of the bacterial cell membranes. Finally, a select group of peptides in the AF-MW < 3 kDa fraction contained 16 sequences with cationic and hydrophobic character, with seven of them sharing the exact same sequence (GDVIAIR) and eight of them having the amino acid K as either N- or C-terminal or both. In conclusion, our results indicate that bioactive peptides obtained from chia seed proteins by microwave and enzymatic hydrolysis could be employed as antimicrobial agents in foods and therapeutic applications.
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Diversity and technological characterization of Pediococcus pentosaceus strains isolated from Nigerian traditional fermented foods. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Kavita S, Pooranachithra M, Singh N, Prasanth MI, Balamurugan K, Goel G. Lactobacillus gastricus BTM 7 prevents intestinal colonization by biofilm forming Cronobacter sakazakii in Caenorhabditis elegans model host. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:1587-1600. [PMID: 32918643 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01466-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The study reports protective role of potential probiotic cultures against infection by biofilm forming Cronobacter sakazakii in Caenorhabditis elegans model system. Among the fifteen indigenous potential probiotics, the cell free supernatant of Lactobacillus gastricus BTM7 possessed highest antimicrobial action and biofilm inhibition against C. sakazakii. The competitive exclusion assays revealed that preconditioning with probiotics resulted in increased mean life span of the nematode to 12-13 days as compared to 5-6 days when the pathogen was administered alone. Enhanced expression of the marker genes (pmk-1, daf-16 and skn-1) was observed during the administration of probiotic cultures. The highest expression of pmk-1 (2.5 folds) was observed with administration of L. gastricus BTM7. The principal component analysis on selected variables revealed that L. gastricus BTM7 has the potential to limit the infection of C. sakazakii in C. elegans and enhance the expression of key genes involved in extending life span of the worm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharma Kavita
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, India
| | | | - Niharika Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Rama University, Mandhana, Kanpur, 209217, India
| | - Mani Iyer Prasanth
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, 630004, India.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Gunjan Goel
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, India. .,Department of Microbiology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, 123031, India.
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Mandhania MH, Paul D, Suryavanshi MV, Sharma L, Chowdhury S, Diwanay SS, Diwanay SS, Shouche YS, Patole MS. Diversity and Succession of Microbiota during Fermentation of the Traditional Indian Food Idli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:e00368-19. [PMID: 31053581 PMCID: PMC6581174 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00368-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Idli, a naturally fermented Indian food, is prepared from a mixture of rice and black gram (lentil). To understand its microbial community during fermentation, detailed analysis of the structural and functional dynamics of the idli microbiome was performed by culture-dependent and -independent approaches. The bacterial diversity and microbial succession were assessed at different times of fermentation by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Results highlighted that most microbiota belonged to phylum Firmicutes (70%) and Proteobacteria (22%). Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis confirmed the diversity and succession involved therein. A culture-dependent approach revealed that the microbially diverse populations were conserved across different geographical locations. The fermentation was primarily driven by lactic acid bacteria as they constitute 86% of the total bacterial population, and genus Weissella emerged as the most important organism in fermentation. The natural microbiota of the grains mainly drives the fermentation, as surface sterilized grains did not show any fermentation. Growth kinetics of idli microbiota and physicochemical parameters corroborated the changes in microbial dynamics, acid production, and leavening occurring during fermentation. Using a metagenomic prediction tool, we found that the major metabolic activities of these microbial fermenters were augmented during the important phase of fermentation. The involvement of the heterofermentative hexose monophosphate (HMP) pathway in batter leavening was substantiated by radiolabeled carbon dioxide generated from d-[1-14C]-glucose. Hydrolases degrading starch and phytins and the production of B vitamins were reported. Moreover, culturable isolates showing beneficial attributes, such as acid and bile tolerance, hydrophobicity, antibiotic sensitivity, and antimicrobial activity, suggest idli to be a potential dietary supplement.IMPORTANCE This is a comprehensive analysis of idli fermentation employing modern molecular tools which provided valuable information about the bacterial diversity enabling its fermentation. The study has demonstrated the relationship between the bacterial population and its functional role in the process. The nature of idli fermentation was found to be more complex than other food fermentations due to the succession of the bacterial population. Further studies using metatranscriptomics and metabolomics may enhance the understanding of this complex fermentation process. Moreover, the presence of microorganisms with beneficial properties plausibly makes idli a suitable functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhvi H Mandhania
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Dhiraj Paul
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Mangesh V Suryavanshi
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Lokesh Sharma
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Somak Chowdhury
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Sonal S Diwanay
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Sham S Diwanay
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Yogesh S Shouche
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
| | - Milind S Patole
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science (NCCS), Pune, India
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14
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Singh N, Kaur R, Singh BP, Rokana N, Goel G, Puniya AK, Panwar H. Impairment of Cronobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes biofilms by cell-free preparations of lactobacilli of goat milk origin. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2019; 65:185-196. [PMID: 31218652 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-019-00721-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated bacterial infections represent one of the major threats to modern medical treatments. Bacteria encased in biofilm matrix are more resistant towards antimicrobials and thus the capability of microbes to persist and nurture in a biofilm seems to be the foremost aspect of pathogenesis and therapeutic failure. Therefore, there is a pressing demand for new drugs active against microbial biofilms. In the current study, anti-biofilm potential of Lactobacillus spp. cell-free supernatants (CFSs) against Cronobacter sakazakii and Listeria monocytogenes was characterized using crystal violet staining and MTT assay. CFSs of goat milk origin lactobacilli not only prevented biofilm formation but also disrupted preformed biofilms. Neutralized and heat-treated preparations of Lactobacillus CFSs also inhibited biofilm formation by test pathogens. The results were quantitatively confirmed by light and fluorescent microscopy observations. Biofilms developed under static conditions displayed typical compact microcolonies with uniform distribution over the surface, while upon CFS challenge, biofilms were disrupted with presence of dead cells. These findings highlight the anti-biofilm potency of Lactobacillus spp. strains of goat milk origin and their potential application in food industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Ravinder Kaur
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Brij Pal Singh
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Namita Rokana
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Gunjan Goel
- Central University of Haryana, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123031, India
| | - Anil Kumar Puniya
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India
| | - Harsh Panwar
- Department of Dairy Microbiology, College of Dairy Science and Technology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141004, India.
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15
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Synergistic or Antagonistic Effects of Probiotics and Antibiotics- Alone or in Combination- on Antimicrobial-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Wounds. ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/archcid.63121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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16
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Wasfi R, Abd El‐Rahman OA, Zafer MM, Ashour HM. Probiotic Lactobacillus sp. inhibit growth, biofilm formation and gene expression of caries-inducing Streptococcus mutans. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:1972-1983. [PMID: 29316223 PMCID: PMC5824418 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus mutans contributes significantly to dental caries, which arises from homoeostasic imbalance between host and microbiota. We hypothesized that Lactobacillus sp. inhibits growth, biofilm formation and gene expression of Streptococcus mutans. Antibacterial (agar diffusion method) and antibiofilm (crystal violet assay) characteristics of probiotic Lactobacillus sp. against Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) were evaluated. We investigated whether Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 393), Lactobacillus reuteri (ATCC 23272), Lactobacillus plantarum (ATCC 14917) or Lactobacillus salivarius (ATCC 11741) inhibit expression of Streptococcus mutans genes involved in biofilm formation, quorum sensing or stress survival using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Growth changes (OD600) in the presence of pH-neutralized, catalase-treated or trypsin-treated Lactobacillus sp. supernatants were assessed to identify roles of organic acids, peroxides and bacteriocin. Susceptibility testing indicated antibacterial (pH-dependent) and antibiofilm activities of Lactobacillus sp. against Streptococcus mutans. Scanning electron microscopy revealed reduction in microcolony formation and exopolysaccharide structural changes. Of the oral normal flora, L. salivarius exhibited the highest antibiofilm and peroxide-dependent antimicrobial activities. All biofilm-forming cells treated with Lactobacillus sp. supernatants showed reduced expression of genes involved in exopolysaccharide production, acid tolerance and quorum sensing. Thus, Lactobacillus sp. can inhibit tooth decay by limiting growth and virulence properties of Streptococcus mutans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham Wasfi
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of PharmacyOctober University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA)GizaEgypt
| | - Ola A. Abd El‐Rahman
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of PharmacyAl‐Azhar University (Girls)CairoEgypt
| | - Mai M. Zafer
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of PharmacyAhram Canadian University (ACU)GizaEgypt
| | - Hossam M. Ashour
- Department of Biological SciencesCollege of Arts and SciencesUniversity of South Florida St. PetersburgSt. PetersburgFLUSA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
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17
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Tebyanian H, Bakhtiari A, Karami A, Kariminik A. Antimicrobial Activity of some <i>Lactobacillus</i> Species against Intestinal Pathogenic Bacteria. INTERNATIONAL LETTERS OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.56431/p-c620g7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria in the gut while maintaining the balance of intestinal flora such as Lactobacillus. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four Lactobacillus species against intestinal pathogenic. Four different species of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus bulgaricus (PTCC 1332), Lactobacillus casei (PTCC 1608), Lactobacillus plantarum (PTCC 1058) and Lactobacillus Fermentum (PTCC 1638)) were experimented to investigate the inhibitory activity against 4 bacterial enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella paratyphi A) which were separately inoculated in MRS medium (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium) for 48 hours at 37 °C and pH 7. Our results showed that enteropathogens growth was stopped in the presence of all Lactobacillus and inhibition zone was between 12 and 32 millimeter. It can be concluded that these four Lactobacillus strains had potential antimicrobial compounds against human enteric pathogens and should be further studied for their human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Karami
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
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18
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Tebyanian H, Bakhtiari A, Karami A, Kariminik A. Antimicrobial Activity of some <i>Lactobacillus</i> Species against Intestinal Pathogenic Bacteria. INTERNATIONAL LETTERS OF NATURAL SCIENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.65.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Probiotics have antibacterial effects against pathogenic bacteria in the gut while maintaining the balance of intestinal flora such as Lactobacillus. This study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of four Lactobacillus species against intestinal pathogenic. Four different species of Lactobacillus (Lactobacillus bulgaricus (PTCC 1332), Lactobacillus casei (PTCC 1608), Lactobacillus plantarum (PTCC 1058) and Lactobacillus Fermentum (PTCC 1638)) were experimented to investigate the inhibitory activity against 4 bacterial enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella dysenteriae and Salmonella paratyphi A) which were separately inoculated in MRS medium (de Man, Rogosa and Sharpe medium) for 48 hours at 37 °C and pH 7. Our results showed that enteropathogens growth was stopped in the presence of all Lactobacillus and inhibition zone was between 12 and 32 millimeter. It can be concluded that these four Lactobacillus strains had potential antimicrobial compounds against human enteric pathogens and should be further studied for their human health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ali Karami
- Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
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19
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Aguilar-Toalá J, Santiago-López L, Peres C, Peres C, Garcia H, Vallejo-Cordoba B, González-Córdova A, Hernández-Mendoza A. Assessment of multifunctional activity of bioactive peptides derived from fermented milk by specific Lactobacillus plantarum strains. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:65-75. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2016-11846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Role of microbial flora in female genital tract: A comprehensive review. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL DISEASE 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s2222-1808(16)61155-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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