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García-Díez J, Saraiva S, Moura D, Grispoldi L, Cenci-Goga BT, Saraiva C. The Importance of the Slaughterhouse in Surveilling Animal and Public Health: A Systematic Review. Vet Sci 2023; 10:167. [PMID: 36851472 PMCID: PMC9959654 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
From the point of public health, the objective of the slaughterhouse is to guarantee the safety of meat in which meat inspection represent an essential tool to control animal diseases and guarantee the public health. The slaughterhouse can be used as surveillance center for livestock diseases. However, other aspects related with animal and human health, such as epidemiology and disease control in primary production, control of animal welfare on the farm, surveillance of zoonotic agents responsible for food poisoning, as well as surveillance and control of antimicrobial resistance, can be monitored. These controls should not be seen as a last defensive barrier but rather as a complement to the controls carried out on the farm. Regarding the control of diseases in livestock, scientific research is scarce and outdated, not taking advantage of the potential for disease control. Animal welfare in primary production and during transport can be monitored throughout ante-mortem and post-mortem inspection at the slaughterhouse, providing valuable individual data on animal welfare. Surveillance and research regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR) at slaughterhouses is scarce, mainly in cattle, sheep, and goats. However, most of the zoonotic pathogens are sensitive to the antibiotics studied. Moreover, the prevalence at the slaughterhouse of zoonotic and foodborne agents seems to be low, but a lack of harmonization in terms of control and communication may lead to underestimate its real prevalence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan García-Díez
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal
| | - Sónia Saraiva
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal
| | - Dina Moura
- Divisão de Intervenção de Alimentação e Veterinária de Vila Real e Douro Sul, Direção de Serviços de Alimentação e Veterinária da Região Norte, Direção Geral de Alimentação e Veterinária, Lugar de Codessais, 5000-567 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Luca Grispoldi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Beniamino Terzo Cenci-Goga
- Dipartimento di Medicina Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
| | - Cristina Saraiva
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Portugal
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Department of Paraclinical Sciences, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort 0110, South Africa
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Causes of dromedary (Camelus dromedaries) carcass and organ condemnation at slaughter and its economic importance: 5-year retrospective study, Isfahan province, Iran. Small Rumin Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2021.106440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Kiani B, Budke CM, Shams Abadi E, Hashtarkhani S, Raouf Rahmati A, AkbarPour M, Zarean M, Hosseini Farash BR, Kiani F, Moghaddas E. Evaluation of zoonotic platyhelminthe infections identified in slaughtered livestock in Iran, 2015-2019. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:185. [PMID: 33952280 PMCID: PMC8097913 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platyhelminth infections of livestock can result in considerable economic losses. This study aims to evaluate the spatial frequency of cystic echinococcosis (CE), dicrocoeliasis, and fascioliasis in livestock slaughtered in Iran during the years 2015–2019 and estimate direct costs associated with organ condemnation due to these parasites. Methods Abattoir data from 413 abattoirs representing all 31 Iranian provinces were collected from the Iran Veterinary Organization. Infection prevalence was calculated per year at the province level. The Local Moran’s I statistic was performed to evaluate spatial autocorrelation of animals positive at slaughter for the years 2015–2019. Direct costs associated with condemned livers were calculated for each parasitic condition, with costs associated with condemned lungs also included for CE. Results Overall prevalence values for the study timeframe were as follows: sheep and goat fascioliasis 1.56% (95% CI: 1.56–1.56%), cattle fascioliasis 3.86% (95% CI: 3.85–3.88%), sheep and goat dicrocoeliasis 4.63% (95% CI: 4.62–4.63%), cattle dicrocoeliasis 3.08% (95% CI: 3.07–3.09%), sheep and goat CE 5.32% (95% CI: 5.32–5.33%), and cattle CE 7.26% (95% CI: 7.24–7.28%). Northwest Iran had the highest prevalence of CE and fascioliasis. High infection areas for Dicrocoelium spp. included the provinces of Zanjan, Gilan, Qazvin, and Tehran, which are located in northern Iran. Direct economic losses for sheep and goat fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$13,842,759, US$41,771,377, and US$22,801,054, respectively. Direct economic losses for cattle fascioliasis, dicrocoeliasis, and CE for the study period were US$1,989,200, US$1,668,986, and US$2,656,568, respectively. Conclusion Our findings provide valuable data for future monitoring of these important parasitic diseases in Iranian livestock. Disease control strategies are required to reduce the economic and public health impact of these platyhelminths. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12917-021-02888-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Kiani
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Christine M Budke
- Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Ebrahim Shams Abadi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Science, Sabzevar Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Soheil Hashtarkhani
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amene Raouf Rahmati
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mostafa AkbarPour
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Imam Hossein University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Zarean
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bibi Razieh Hosseini Farash
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kiani
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Elham Moghaddas
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Kaluza M, Vecerek V, Voslarova E, Semerad Z, Passantino A. Incidence of Characteristic Findings during Veterinary Carcass Inspections 2010-2019 in the Czech Republic and the Relation to the Level of Health and Welfare of Individual Classes of Cattle. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11020537. [PMID: 33669575 PMCID: PMC7922877 DOI: 10.3390/ani11020537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological findings in individual classes of cattle were assessed from the viewpoint of their localization and category. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether there are differences in the range and number of findings made between the individual classes of cattle. The results of veterinary inspections on 2,514,666 head of cattle slaughtered in the Czech Republic in the period 2010-2019 were used for the assessment. In terms of localization, the most frequent findings in cows were in the liver and pancreas (46.13%), the urinary tract (40.76%) and the lungs (36.23%). These findings also predominated in heifers and bulls, though they were recorded at lower frequencies (p < 0.01) than in cows. The most frequent pathological changes in heifers and bulls were chronic findings in the lungs (16.09% and 12.27%, respectively). The range of findings in calves differed significantly from other classes of cattle, primarily as the result of respiratory and diarrheal syndrome being the most frequent diseases in calves. Calves were the class of cattle most frequently diagnosed with findings in the lungs (44.89%), as well as other unclassified changes (24.43%) and overall changes (21.55%), which point to a systemic disorder of the organism. The results of this study confirmed the differing states of health in the individual classes of cattle and the differing health issues to which treatment and the prevention of the most frequently occurring infectious and non-infectious diseases must be adapted. Cattle welfare is affected not only by the level of health but also by the herd management and economics. This is confirmed by the range of findings, and the deterioration of living conditions especially in cows, likely because of great intensity of farming, but also in calves which suffered from emaciation or stunted growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Kaluza
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (E.V.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vladimir Vecerek
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Eva Voslarova
- Department of Animal Protection and Welfare and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic; (V.V.); (E.V.)
| | - Zbynek Semerad
- Central Veterinary Administration of the State Veterinary Administration, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Annamaria Passantino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario Annunziata, 981 68 Messina, Italy;
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Pezeshki A, Aminfar H, Aminzare M. An analysis of common foodborne parasitic zoonoses in slaughtered sheep and cattle in Tehran, Iran, during 2015-2018. Vet World 2018; 11:1486-1490. [PMID: 30532506 PMCID: PMC6247887 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.1486-1490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cystic echinococcosis, Echinococcus granulosus, and liver flukes, such as Fasciola spp. and Dicrocoelium dendriticum, are important parasitic zoonoses, where they able to cause significant veterinary, medical, and economic problems. The present study was carried out to obtain the updated knowledge on the frequency of hydatidosis, fasciolosis, and dicrocoeliosis in the slaughtered sheep and cattle. Materials and Methods: Information were collected from meat inspection records using systematically visual inspection, palpation, and incision of the visceral organs in the industrial abattoir in Tehran, the capital of Iran, between February 1, 2015, and January 31, 2018. For an analysis of the data, SPSS version 16 was applied. Results: The hydatidosis infection in sheep and cattle was 2.48% and 2.25%, respectively. With respect to liver flukes, 0.62% and 0.25% sheep and cattle were infected by Fasciola spp., respectively; furthermore, 2.86% sheep and 0.79% cattle were positive for D. dendriticum. Conclusion: The findings will provide considerable awareness for the future monitoring and control of these potentially important infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Pezeshki
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Hadi Aminfar
- Ph.D. Candidate of Internal Medicine of Large Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Majid Aminzare
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Motazedian M, Najjari M, Zarean M, Karimi G, Karimazar M, Ebrahimipour M. An abattoir survey of hydatid and liver fluke disease in slaughtered cattle in Alborz Province, Iran. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-018-2800-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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Helminths of zoonotic importance in slaughtered food animals in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Helminthol 2018; 93:295-305. [PMID: 29502552 DOI: 10.1017/s0022149x18000196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge of endemic helminths in a resource-limited country such as Nigeria is essential for their diagnosis, treatment and cost-effective control. In the present study, the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline was employed to determine the prevalence and geographical distribution of zoonotic helminths in food animals slaughtered in Nigerian abattoirs between 1970 and 2016. Pooled prevalence estimate (PPE) was determined by the random-effects model while heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran's Q-test. Results from 42 eligible studies reported across 19 Nigerian states revealed 85,466 cases of zoonotic helminths from 3,771,832 slaughtered food animals. Overall PPE was 2.27% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.25, 2.28). PPEs for sub-groups ranged between 0.51% (95% CI: 0.46, 0.56) and 18.05% (95% CI: 17.12, 19.01) across regions, hosts, study periods and diagnostic methods. Ascaris suum had the highest pooled prevalence of 25.46% (95% CI: 24.04, 26.92). Overall prevalence estimates for cestodes, nematodes and trematodes were 0.60% (95% CI: 0.59, 0.61), 21.51% (95% CI: 20.73, 22.30) and 1.86% (95% CI: 1.84, 1.87), respectively. A high degree of heterogeneity 99.97% (95% CI: 2.25, 2.28, P: 0.000) was observed. Zoonotic helminths were prevalent in slaughtered food animals, with higher prevalence estimates in the north-central region, pigs and during the last decade reviewed. Ascaris suum was the most prevalent helminth, while Fasciola gigantica had the widest geographical distribution. It is envisaged that the present information will help in the formulation of disease-control policies, encourage on-farm good agricultural practices, and adequate hygiene and sanitation in abattoirs and meat-processing plants, with the aim of protecting public health.
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Mehmood K, Zhang H, Sabir AJ, Abbas RZ, Ijaz M, Durrani AZ, Saleem MH, Ur Rehman M, Iqbal MK, Wang Y, Ahmad HI, Abbas T, Hussain R, Ghori MT, Ali S, Khan AU, Li J. A review on epidemiology, global prevalence and economical losses of fasciolosis in ruminants. Microb Pathog 2017; 109:253-262. [PMID: 28602837 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fasciolosis is an important plant borne trematode zoonosis in ruminants caused by the Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigentica, It is classified as a neglected tropical disease and found in more than 50 countries especially where sheep and cattle are reared. Fasciolosis is a serious animal health problems in many rural and urban areas of world, causing significant financial losses due to decrease in production and viscera condemnation in animals. Accurate diagnosis of fasciolosis is always remained a challenging task for the field practitioners. There is no comprehensive summary on the occurrence and distribution of the infection at international level. Therefore, we intended to provide a complete overview on the prevalence and epidemiology of fasciolosis in farm animals from a global prospective. It includes to map the global distribution of fasciolosis in different areas of the world to identify the endemic regions which may be a source of potential disease outbreak. The financial liability related to fasciolosis on the livestock production has also been addressed. For this purpose, the published data during 2000-2015 (15 years) on fasciolosis was reviewed and collected by electronic literature search of four databases including Google, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science. Data presented are contemplated to enhance our current understanding of the parasite's geographical distribution, host range, and economic losses. Information provided would be useful for the application of more effective control strategies against fasciolosis in different geo-economics regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan.
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Ahmad Jawad Sabir
- Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Melbourne, Werribe, Victoria 3030, Australia
| | - Rao Zahid Abbas
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Ijaz
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Aneela Zameer Durrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hassan Saleem
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Yajing Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Hafiz Ishfaq Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Huebi, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Tariq Abbas
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Taslim Ghori
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Sadaqat Ali
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Aman Ullah Khan
- College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences Jhang, Sub-Campus of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, PR China.
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