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Bobes-Bascarán T, Sáiz PA, Velasco A, Martínez-Cao C, Pedrosa C, Portilla A, de la Fuente-Tomas L, García-Alvarez L, García-Portilla MP, Bobes J. Early Psychological Correlates Associated With COVID-19 in A Spanish Older Adult Sample. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28:1287-1298. [PMID: 32951996 PMCID: PMC7476442 DOI: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Main aims of the study are to examine the early psychological correlates associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the mental health of a Spanish older adult sample and to analyze the influence of past mental disorder (PMD) and current mental disorder (CMD) on those correlates. METHODS Cross-sectional study based on an online snowball recruiting questionnaire. Psychological correlates assessed with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Impact of Event Scale (IES). Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify risk and protective factors. RESULTS Final sample included 2,194 individuals aged 60 years or more (mean age [SD]: 65.62 [5.05]; females: 1,198 [54.6%]). There were 342 (15.6%) individuals who reported a PMD and 162 (7.4%) who reported a CMD. Avoidant (32.1%) and depressive (25.6%) styles were the most prevalent, regardless of mental health status. Main risk factors for negative affectivity were female gender and history CMD or PMD. However, job stability and the ability to enjoy free time were generally associated with better outcomes. No differences were found in psychological correlates between those with no lifetime history of mental disorder versus PMD on the DASS-21 or IES. However, CMD was associated with higher anxiety scores on the DASS-21 (odds ratio: 1.838, p < .001). CONCLUSION Regardless of mental status, avoidant and depressive styles were the most prevalent in this older adult sample. Main protective factor in all subgroups was the ability to enjoy free time, whereas the main risk factors were being female and current or past history of mental disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Bobes-Bascarán
- Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pilar A Sáiz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain; Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Angela Velasco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Clara Martínez-Cao
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Cristina Pedrosa
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Almudena Portilla
- Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Lorena de la Fuente-Tomas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Leticia García-Alvarez
- Department of Psychology (TBB, LGA), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain
| | - María P García-Portilla
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias del Principado de Asturias (INEUROPA) (TBB, PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Servicio de Salud del Principado de Asturias (SESPA) (TBB, PAS, CP, AP, MPGP, JB), Oviedo, Spain,Department of Psychiatry (PAS, AV, CMC, LFT, LGA, MPGP, JB), Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Zhang Q, Pan J, Zhao MX, Lu YQ. Clinical value of the emergency department in screening and diagnosis of COVID-19 in China. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2020; 21:388-393. [PMID: 32425004 PMCID: PMC7089061 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b2010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Since the global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, China has gradually built a robust prevention and control system for sudden infectious diseases. All large hospitals have a fever clinic that isolates patients with all kinds of acute communicable diseases as the first line of medical defense. The emergency department, as the second line of medical defense in hospitals, is constantly shouldering the heavy responsibility of screening communicable diseases while also treating all kinds of other non-communicable acute and critical diseases (Zhang et al., 2012; Zhu et al., 2015; Wang et al., 2017; Feng et al., 2018; Lu, 2018; Xu and Lu, 2019). An outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology that began in Wuhan city (China) has spread rapidly in China since December 2019 (Huang et al., 2020; WHO, 2020; Zhu et al., 2020). In February 2020, the National Health Commission of China named the disease a novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP); then, it was formally named the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Feb. 11, 2020. The Coronavirus Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses designated this causative virus as SARS coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the β coronavirus genus, and its pathogenic mechanism has not been clarified, which requires further study. To better understand the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 and more effectively prevent and control this disease, we retrospectively analyzed four representative cases of COVID-19 that had recently been screened and diagnosed in our emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.,Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.,Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Min-Xing Zhao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.,Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yuan-Qiang Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China.,Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Aging and Physic-chemical Injury Diseases of Zhejiang Province, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
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