Fan Y, Zhang Y, Li J, Liu Y, Zhou L, Yu Y. Association between Healthy Eating Index-2015 and physical frailty among the United States elderly adults: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.
Aging Clin Exp Res 2021;
33:3245-3255. [PMID:
33978925 DOI:
10.1007/s40520-021-01874-3]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Diet plays an important role in the development of age-related chronic diseases. However, the association between diet quality assessed by Healthy Eating Index (HEI)-2015, the latest version of HEI, and physical frailty among the general United States (US) elderly adults remains unclear.
AIMS
The present study aims to explore the association between HEI-2015 and physical frailty in elderly adults using data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014.
METHODS
HEI-2015 scores were calculated from 2 days 24-h recall interviews. Physical frailty status was assessed by four criteria developed by Fried et al.: exhaustion, weakness, low body mass, and low physical activity, and then categorized into robust (0 criteria), pre-frail (1-2 criteria), or frail (3-4 criteria). The binary and multinomial logistic regressions were used to examine the odds of frailty status.
RESULTS
A total of 2345 participants aged 60 years or older were included. According to the 4-items frailty criteria, 51.1% participants were robust, 42.1% were pre-frail, and 6.8% were frail. Compared to the lowest HEI-2015 quartile, the elderly adults in the higher quartile had a lower odds of physical frailty (P < 0.05). Regarding the frailty criterion separately, higher HEI-2015 was associated with lower odds of exhaustion, weakness, low physical activity and unintentional weight loss, respectively (P < 0.05). Among 13 HEI-2015 components, adherence to the recommended intake of whole fruits and total vegetables components were less likely to be physically frail (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Higher HEI-2015 was inversely associated with lower odds of physical frailty in the US elderly adults.
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