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Poulia KA, Bakaloudi DR, Alevizou M, Papakonstantinou E, Zampelas A, Chourdakis M. Impact of organic foods on chronic diseases and health perception: a systematic review of the evidence. Eur J Clin Nutr 2024:10.1038/s41430-024-01505-w. [PMID: 39261657 DOI: 10.1038/s41430-024-01505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate the existing data on the health impacts, of the consumption of organically grown foods versus conventionally farmed alternatives, with specific focus on the postulated health superiority of organic foods. A systematic literature research was performed in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Inclusion criteria were articles on adults (>18 years of age) consuming organic foods for ≥6 months, written in English language, and provision of comparative results between conventional and organic nutrition regarding health indices. From 1760 identified references, 21 primary research articles (2006-2022) met the inclusion criteria. Outcomes related to chronic disease prevalence, biomarker effects, and exposure to pesticides and other harmful substances were evaluated. A significant inverse relationship between organic food consumption and cardiometabolic risk factors, including obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, was observed in the majority of prospective studies. The data on cancer risk and nutrient value comparison between organic and conventional foods were inconclusive. Clinical trials consistently indicated lower pesticide exposure in participants on organic diets, suggesting potential health benefits. The consumption of organic foods is associated with reduced cardiometabolic risks and pesticide exposure. However, the long-term impact on cancer risk remains undetermined. Future long-term studies are needed to establish whether an organic diet is superior to a conventional one in terms of overall health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalliopi-Anna Poulia
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| | - Dimitra Rafailia Bakaloudi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Myrto Alevizou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Emilia Papakonstantinou
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Antonis Zampelas
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Quality of Life Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Michail Chourdakis
- Laboratory of Hygiene, Social and Preventive Medicine and Medical Statistics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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2
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Jiang B, Pang J, Li J, Mi L, Ru D, Feng J, Li X, Zhao A, Cai L. The effects of organic food on human health: a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies. Nutr Rev 2024; 82:1151-1175. [PMID: 37930102 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuad124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Although the nutritional composition of organic food has been thoroughly researched, there is a dearth of published data relating to its impact on human health. OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to examine the association between organic food intake and health effects, including changes in in vivo biomarkers, disease prevalence, and functional changes. DATA SOURCES PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception through Nov 13, 2022. DATA EXTRACTION Both observational and interventional studies conducted in human populations were included, and association between level of organic food intake and each outcome was quantified as "no association," "inconsistent," "beneficial correlation/harmful correlation," or "insufficient". For outcomes with sufficient data reported by at least 3 studies, meta-analyses were conducted, using random-effects models to calculate standardized mean differences. DATA ANALYSIS Based on the included 23 observational and 27 interventional studies, the association between levels of organic food intake and (i) pesticide exposure biomarker was assessed as "beneficial correlation," (ii) toxic metals and carotenoids in the plasma was assessed as "no association," (iii) fatty acids in human milk was assessed as "insufficient," (iv) phenolics was assessed as "beneficial", and serum parameters and antioxidant status was assessed as "inconsistent". For diseases and functional changes, there was an overall "beneficial" association with organic food intake, and there were similar findings for obesity and body mass index. However, evidence for association of organic food intake with other single diseases was assessed as "insufficient" due to the limited number and extent of studies. CONCLUSION Organic food intake was found to have a beneficial impact in terms of reducing pesticide exposure, and the general effect on disease and functional changes (body mass index, male sperm quality) was appreciable. More long-term studies are required, especially for single diseases. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO registration no. CRD42022350175.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Jiang
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinzhu Pang
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Bellamy Food Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Junan Li
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Bellamy Food Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Mi
- Inner Mongolia Mengniu Dairy (Group) Co., Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Bellamy Food Trade (Shanghai) Co., Ltd, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Ru
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingxi Feng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxu Li
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ai Zhao
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cai
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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3
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Komati N, Cravedi JP, Lecerf JM, Belzunces LP, Tailliez D, Chambrier C, Calvarin J, Amiot MJ. Potential Health Benefits of a Diet Rich in Organic Fruit and Vegetables versus a Diet Based on Conventional Produce: A Systematic Review. Nutr Rev 2024:nuae104. [PMID: 39101594 DOI: 10.1093/nutrit/nuae104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2024] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Over the past decade, the production and consumption of organic food (OF) have received increasing interest. Scientific studies have shown better quality of organic fruit and vegetables (FV) in terms of nutrients and pesticide contents, but it appears difficult to conclude if there are potentially greater health benefits of these products compared with conventional food (CF). OBJECTIVE To determine whether the current scientific literature demonstrates that a diet rich in organic FV is healthier than 1 based on conventional produce. METHODS A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles published between January 2003 and December 2022. Articles were analyzed uniformly by 2 reviewer, using a specific template summary sheet, and scored from 1 to 5. The level of evidence and the quality of studies in humans were assessed using the Jadad score and the French National Authority for Health method. RESULTS A total of 12 human studies were included. Studies often reported contradictory or even opposite results, with methodological limitations. Only 6 of the 12 studies found significant associations between OF and the health outcomes evaluated. CONCLUSION The current data do not enable a firm conclusion about a greater health benefit for a diet rich in FV based on products grown organically compared with conventional farming. There is a paucity of available data and considerable heterogeneity in study designs (participants, exposures, durations, health outcomes, and residual confounding factors). Well-designed interventional studies are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Komati
- The Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris 75017, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Cravedi
- The Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris 75017, France
| | - Jean-Michel Lecerf
- Nutrition & Physical Activity Department, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Luc P Belzunces
- INRAE, Laboratoire de Toxicologie Environnementale, UR 406 A&E, Avignon Cedex 9 84914, France
| | - Delphine Tailliez
- The Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris 75017, France
| | - Claire Chambrier
- The Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris 75017, France
| | - Johanna Calvarin
- The Agency for Research and Information on Fruit and Vegetables (APRIFEL), Paris 75017, France
| | - Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- MoISA, Université de Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier 34000, France
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4
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Reger C, Leitzmann MF, Rohrmann S, Kühn T, Sedlmeier AM, Jochem C. Sustainable diets and risk of overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2024; 25:e13707. [PMID: 38343095 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Sustainable diets are gaining interest as a possible approach to tackle climate change and the global extent of obesity. Yet, the association between sustainable diets and adiposity remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis, calculating summary relative risks and 95% confidence intervals (CI). We pooled maximally adjusted risk estimates, assessed heterogeneity and publication bias, calculated the E-value, and evaluated the risk of bias across the included studies. A total of eight studies were eligible for analysis. Comparing the highest versus the lowest levels of adherence to sustainable diets, the pooled effect estimate was 0.69 (95% CI = 0.62-0.76) for overweight and 0.61 (95% CI = 0.47-0.78) for obesity. These results suggest that sustainable diets may decrease the risk of overweight/obesity and therefore could serve as enablers for improving both public and planetary health. An agreed-upon clear definition of sustainable diets would enhance the comparability of future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Reger
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael F Leitzmann
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Rohrmann
- Division of Chronic Disease Epidemiology, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Heidelberg Institute of Global Health (HIGH), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Institute of Global Food Security (IGFS), Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - Anja M Sedlmeier
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Center for Translational Oncology, University Hospital, Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
- Bavarian Cancer Research Center (BZKF), Regensburg, Germany
| | - Carmen Jochem
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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5
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Bozkurt O, Kocaadam‐Bozkurt B. Evaluation of factors related to organic food consumption and orthorexia nervosa tendencies. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3585-3592. [PMID: 38726398 PMCID: PMC11077188 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The relationship between organic food consumption, awareness of reducing ecological footprint, and orthorexia nervosa (ON) tendencies has yet to be explored in detail. This study aimed to determine factors related to organic food consumption and ON tendencies in young adults. Also, the relationship between organic food consumption, awareness of reducing ecological footprint, and ON tendencies was investigated. This study was conducted with 887 young adults (58.4% female, 41.6% male, aged 18-25 years, mean age 20.8 ± 2.55 years). Study data were obtained with a web-based questionnaire. The questionnaire included socio-demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, the Organic Food Consumption Scale (OFC), ORTO-11, and the Awareness Scale for Reducing Ecological Footprint (ASREF). While 17.2% were overweight or obese, 74.9% had a normal body weight. There were no differences by sex in terms of ORTO-11, OFC, and ASREF total scores (p > .05). Significant positive correlations were found between ASREF and OFC (p < .001), while negative correlations were found for ORTO-11 and OFC (p < .001). A higher ASREF and increased ON tendencies predicted increased organic food consumption (p < .05). Furthermore, higher organic food consumption behaviors and awareness of reducing ecological footprint predicted increased ON tendencies (p < .05). Findings from this study will contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors associated with organic food consumption and ON tendencies among individuals. By shedding light on the interplay between ecological awareness, organic food consumption, and orthorexic tendencies, policymakers and health professionals can develop targeted interventions to promote sustainable and healthy food consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Bozkurt
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health SciencesErzurum Technical UniversityErzurumTurkey
| | - Betul Kocaadam‐Bozkurt
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health SciencesErzurum Technical UniversityErzurumTurkey
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6
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Rahman A, Baharlouei P, Koh EHY, Pirvu DG, Rehmani R, Arcos M, Puri S. A Comprehensive Analysis of Organic Food: Evaluating Nutritional Value and Impact on Human Health. Foods 2024; 13:208. [PMID: 38254509 PMCID: PMC10814746 DOI: 10.3390/foods13020208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, organic agriculture has gained more popularity, yet its approach to food production and its potential impact on consumers' health and various environmental aspects remain to be fully discovered. The goal of organic farming practices is to maintain soil health, sustain ecological systems, maintain fairness in its relationship with the environment and protect the environment in its entirety. Various health benefits have been associated with higher consumption of organic foods. This review identified some of these health benefits, including a reduction in obesity and body mass index (BMI), improvements in blood nutrient composition as well as reductions in maternal obesity and pregnancy-associated preeclampsia risks. Furthermore, organic food consumption can reduce the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and colorectal cancers. Upon reviewing the existing literature regarding the nutritional value of organic foods, it was found that organic food contained higher levels of iron, magnesium and vitamin C. However, the evidence available to draw definitive causations remains limited due to study biases, short study durations and confounding variables; thus, it cannot be concluded that the organic diet provides any related health benefits. In this review, we provided essential insights and statistical analysis from the evidence available and consider study limitations to evaluate the potential of organic food consumption in positively impacting human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azizur Rahman
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Parnian Baharlouei
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- Physiology and Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Eleanor Hui Yan Koh
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Diana Gabby Pirvu
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Rameesha Rehmani
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Mateo Arcos
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
| | - Simron Puri
- Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Toronto, ONRamp at UTE, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada; (P.B.); (E.H.Y.K.); (D.G.P.); (R.R.); (M.A.); (S.P.)
- A.R. Environmental Solutions, ICUBE-University of Toronto, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada
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7
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Dastgerdizad H, Dombrowski RD, Kulik N, Knoff KAG, Bode B, Mallare J, Elyaderani DK, Kaur R. Enhanced Measurement of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Marketing to Young Immigrant Children in Grocery Store Environments. Nutrients 2023; 15:2972. [PMID: 37447298 DOI: 10.3390/nu15132972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The marketing of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSBs) within grocers is an obesogenic factor that negatively impacts children's nutritional behavior, specifically for people from racial and ethnic minority groups, such as immigrants. We aimed to develop and employ a methodology that more precisely assesses the availability, price, and promotion of SSBs to young immigrant children within independently owned grocery stores. A case comparison design was used to explore the differences in the grocery store landscape of SSB marketing by conducting an enhanced Nutrition Environment Measures Survey-SSB (NEMS-SSB) within 30 grocery stores in the Hispanic and Latino enclaves in Southwest Detroit, in the Arab and Chaldean enclaves in North-central Detroit, and in Warren, Hamtramck, and Dearborn, in comparison with 48 grocers in Metro Detroit. Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic toddler and infant beverages, as well as questions about marketing, were added to the original NEMS to capture the promotion tactics used in marketing SSBs. NEMS-SSB scores revealed that, in the immigrant enclaves, there was a significantly higher availability of SSBs in grocery stores (-2.38), and they had lower prices than those in the comparison group (-0.052). Unsweetened, plant-based, and organic beverages were unavailable in 97% of all participating grocery stores across both groups. Signage featuring cartoon characters was the most frequent in-store SSB marketing tactic across both groups. Widespread SSB marketing toward toddlers within the grocery stores in immigrant enclaves could be linked with the higher early childhood obesity prevalence among the immigrant population. Our findings can assist local and national organizations in developing and implementing healthy eating interventions. This study must be repeated in other immigrant enclaves across states to provide comparable results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadis Dastgerdizad
- Department of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Bluffton, SC 29909, USA
| | - Rachael D Dombrowski
- College of Education, Health and Human Services, California State University-San Marcos, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Noel Kulik
- Center for Health and Community Impact, Division of Kinesiology, Health & Sport Studies, College of Education, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Kathryn A G Knoff
- Office of Policy Support, Food and Nutrition Service, US Department of Agriculture, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA
| | - Bree Bode
- Michigan Fitness Foundation, Lansing, MI 48314, USA
| | - James Mallare
- Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA
| | - Dariush K Elyaderani
- Chapman School of Business, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Ravneet Kaur
- Division of Health Research and Evaluation, Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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8
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Kesse-Guyot E, Lairon D, Allès B, Seconda L, Rebouillat P, Brunin J, Vidal R, Taupier-Letage B, Galan P, Amiot MJ, Péneau S, Touvier M, Boizot-Santai C, Ducros V, Soler LG, Cravedi JP, Debrauwer L, Hercberg S, Langevin B, Pointereau P, Baudry J. Key Findings of the French BioNutriNet Project on Organic Food-Based Diets: Description, Determinants, and Relationships to Health and the Environment. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:208-224. [PMID: 34661620 PMCID: PMC8803492 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the relationships between organic food consumption, dietary patterns, monetary diet cost, health, and the environment. To address these issues, a consortium of French epidemiologists, nutritionists, economists, and toxicologists launched the BioNutriNet project in 2013. In 2014, an FFQ documented the usual organic and nonorganic (conventional) food consumption of approximately 35,000 NutriNet-Santé participants. Then, individual organic and conventional food intakes were merged with price, environmental, and pesticide residue data sets, which distinguished between conventional and organic farming methods. Many studies were conducted to characterize organic consumers and their environmental impacts (i.e., greenhouse gas emissions, energy demand, and land use) and organic food consumption impacts on health. We observed that organic consumers had diets that were healthier and richer in plant-based food than nonorganic consumers. Their diets were associated with higher monetary costs, lower environmental impacts, and reduced exposure to certain pesticide residues. Regular consumption of organic food was associated with reduced risks of obesity, type 2 diabetes, postmenopausal breast cancer, and lymphoma. Although several observations have been confirmed by several studies conducted in other countries, our results should be replicated in other cultural settings and coupled with experimental studies to be able to draw causal conclusions. Finally, the main finding of the BioNutriNet project is that while organic food consumption could be associated with positive externalities on human health and the environment, organic-based diets should be accompanied by dietary shifts toward plant-based diets to allow for better planetary and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Denis Lairon
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, Centre for Cardiovascular Research and Nutrition (C2VN), Marseille, France
| | - Benjamin Allès
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Louise Seconda
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Agency for the Environment and Energy Management (ADEME), Angers, France
| | - Pauline Rebouillat
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Joséphine Brunin
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
- Agency for the Environment and Energy Management (ADEME), Angers, France
| | | | | | - Pilar Galan
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Marie-Josèphe Amiot
- MOISA, INRAE, International Cooperation in Agricultural Research for Development (CIRAD), International Centre for Advanced Mediterranean Agronomic Studies (CIHEAM), Institut Agro-SupAgro (SUPAGRO), Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Péneau
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | - Mathilde Touvier
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | | | - Véronique Ducros
- Biochemistry Department, Grenoble-Alpes Hospital, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Cravedi
- Toxalim, Toulouse University, INRAE, National Veterinary School (ENVT), National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse-Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Debrauwer
- Toxalim, Toulouse University, INRAE, National Veterinary School (ENVT), National Polytechnic Institute of Toulouse-Purpan, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France
| | - Serge Hercberg
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
| | | | | | - Julia Baudry
- Sorbonne Paris Nord University, National Institute of Health and Medical Research (INSERM), National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food, and the Environment (INRAE), National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts (CNAM), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center–University of Paris (CRESS), Bobigny, France
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9
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Bhagavathula AS, Vidyasagar K, Khubchandani J. Organic Food Consumption and Risk of Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10020231. [PMID: 35206846 PMCID: PMC8871748 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10020231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have explored the association between organic food consumption and the risk of obesity, but the results remain controversial. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the association between organic food consumption and the risk of obesity. Rigorous methods for a comprehensive search were employed to search for literature in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Embase for relevant articles published until 30 November 2021. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) were calculated using a DerSimonian and Laird random-effects model to understand the risk of obesity based on exposure to organic food. Four studies, comprising 104,488 healthy subjects and 39,425 adults who consumed organic food, reported 1625 incident cases of obesity. Compared with the unexposed group, organic food consumption was associated with a lower probability of obesity (OR: 0.89, 95% CI: 0.80–0.97, p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed that this association was higher in the cohort (OR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.63–0.92) than cross-sectional studies (OR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–1.00), respectively. Overall, organic food consumption had a modest reduction (11%) in the risk of obesity and can be an appropriate strategy to prevent obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavathula
- Department of Social and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy at Hradec Kralove, Charles University, 50003 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic;
| | - Kota Vidyasagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hanamkonda 506009, India;
| | - Jagdish Khubchandani
- Department of Public Health Sciences, College of Health, Education, and Social Transformation, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
- Correspondence:
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