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Liu Y, Li Y, Yu M, Tian Z, Deng J, Ma X, Yin Y. Magnolol Supplementation Alters Serum Parameters, Immune Homeostasis, Amino Acid Profiles, and Gene Expression of Amino Acid Transporters in Growing Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13952. [PMID: 37762256 PMCID: PMC10530316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated whether dietary supplementation with magnolol affects growth performance, anti-inflammatory abilities, serum and muscle amino acid profiles, and metabolisms in growing pigs. A total of 42 seventy-days-old growing barrows (Duroc × Landrace × Yorkshire) were randomly allocated into two dietary groups: Con, control group (basal diet); and Mag, magnolol group (basal diet supplemented with 400 mg/kg of magnolol). The results revealed that dietary supplementation with magnolol had no effect (p > 0.05) on growth performance. However, magnolol supplementation remarkably increased (p < 0.05) the serum content of albumin, total protein, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin M, and interleukin-22. In addition, dietary magnolol supplementation altered the amino acid (AA) profiles in serum and dorsal muscle and particularly increased (p < 0.05) the serum content of arginine and muscle glutamate. Simultaneously, the mRNA expression of genes associated with AA transport in jejunum (SLC38A2, SLC1A5, and SLC7A1) and ileum (SLC1A5 and SLC7A1) was higher (p < 0.05) in the Mag group than in the Con group. Additionally, the serum metabolomics analysis showed that the addition of magnolol significantly enhanced (p < 0.05) arginine biosynthesis, as well as D-glutamine and D-glutamate metabolism. Overall, these results suggested that dietary supplementation with magnolol has the potential to improve the accumulation of AAs, protein synthesis, immunity, and body health in growing pigs by increasing intestinal absorption and the transport of AAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanchen Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (J.D.)
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuanfei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Institute of Biological Technology, Nanchang Normal University, Nanchang 330032, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhimei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jinping Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (J.D.)
| | - Xianyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (Y.L.); (M.Y.); (Z.T.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Meat Quality and Safety Control and Evaluation, Institute of Animal Science, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yulong Yin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, Institute of Subtropical Animal Nutrition and Feed, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (Y.L.); (J.D.)
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Srinonthong P, Wandee J, Aengwanich W. The effect of gallic acid on malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide that influence viability of broiler blood cells at the high ambient temperatures. Br Poult Sci 2023. [PMID: 37145879 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2023.2184247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
1. The objective of this study was to measure the effect of gallic acid on levels of ferric reducing antioxidant power, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and the viability of broiler blood cells (BBCs) when exposed to high ambient temperature.2. The BBCs were maintained at 41.5°C (control group, CG) or at ambient temperatures ranging from 41.5°C to 46°C. At 41.5°C to 46°C, BBCs were diluted with gallic acid at 0 (positive control group, PCG), 6.25, 12.5, 25 and 50 µmol, respectively. Ferric reducing antioxidant power, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide and viability of BBCs were investigated.3. Hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide for the CG was lower than PCG (P<0.05). However, the viability of CG was higher than PCG (P<0.05). At 41.5 to 46°C, malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and nitric oxide of BBCs diluted with gallic acid were lower compared to PCG (P<0.05). Viability of BBCs diluted with gallic acid was higher than PCG (P<0.05).4. These results indicated that gallic acid could reduce the adverse oxidative effects of high ambient temperature on BBCs, with an optimum dilution rate of 12.5 µmol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyarat Srinonthong
- Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Bioveterinary Research unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Muang District, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Jaroon Wandee
- Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Bioveterinary Research unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Muang District, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
| | - Worapol Aengwanich
- Stress and Oxidative Stress in Animal Research Unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Bioveterinary Research unit of Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-District, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150 Thailand
- Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Muang District, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand
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Tannic Acid Induces Intestinal Dysfunction and Intestinal Microbial Dysregulation in Brandt's Voles ( Lasiopodomys brandtii). Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040586. [PMID: 36830373 PMCID: PMC9951651 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Brandt's vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) is a small herbivorous mammal that feeds on plants rich in secondary metabolites (PSMs), including tannins. However, plant defense mechanisms against herbivory by Brandt's voles are not clearly established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary tannic acid (TA) on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, digestive enzyme activities, cecal fermentation, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota in Brandt's voles. The results showed that TA significantly hindered body weight gain, reduced daily food intake, changed the intestinal morphology, reduced digestive enzyme activity, and increased the serum zonulin levels (p < 0.05). The number of intestinal goblet and mast cells and the levels of serum cytokines and immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, TNF-α, IL-6, and duodenal SlgA) were all reduced by TA (p < 0.05). Moreover, TA altered β-diversity in the colonic microbial community (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results indicate that TA could damage the intestinal function of Brandt's voles by altering their intestinal morphology, decreasing digestive ability and intestinal barrier function, and altering microbiota composition. Our study investigated the effects of natural PSMs on the intestinal function of wildlife and improved our general understanding of plant-herbivore interactions and the ecological role of PSMs.
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Phenol-Rich Botanicals Modulate Oxidative Stress and Epithelial Integrity in Intestinal Epithelial Cells. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12172188. [PMID: 36077907 PMCID: PMC9454507 DOI: 10.3390/ani12172188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanicals are mainly known for their role as antimicrobials and anti-inflammatories. Thus, the dual purpose of the study was to verify the antioxidant potential of the tested botanicals and to evaluate their possible modulation of intestinal barrier integrity. As the effects of various phenol-rich extracts were screened, the human Caco-2 cell line was determined to be most suitable for use as the in vitro model for the intestinal epithelium. The tested botanicals, all approved as feed additives, are ginger essential oil, tea tree oil, grape seed extract, green tea extract, olive extract, chestnut extract, pomegranate extract, thyme essential oil, and capsicum oleoresin. The cells were treated with incremental doses of each botanical, followed by measurements of transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), gene expression of tight junctions (TJs), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The results showed how different phenol-rich botanicals could modulate barrier functions and oxidative stress in different ways. Interestingly, all the botanicals tested exerted an antioxidant potential by dropping the cytoplasmatic ROS, while the beneficial effect was exerted at different concentrations for each botanical. Our data support the role of plant extracts and essential oils in controlling gut barrier function and in reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress in intestinal epithelial cells, thereby supporting gut barrier functionality.
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Peerapen P, Thongboonkerd V. Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal disrupts tight junction via F-actin reorganization. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 345:109557. [PMID: 34147488 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Tight junction is an intercellular protein complex that regulates paracellular permeability and epithelial cell polarization. This intercellular barrier is associated with actin filament. Calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), the major crystalline composition in kidney stones, has been shown to disrupt tight junction but with an unclear mechanism. This study aimed to address whether COM crystal disrupts tight junction via actin deregulation. MDCK distal renal tubular epithelial cells were treated with 100 μg/ml COM crystals for 48 h. Western blot analysis revealed that level of a tight junction protein, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), significantly decreased, whereas that of β-actin remained unchanged after exposure to COM crystals. Immunofluorescence study showed discontinuation and dissociation of ZO-1 and filamentous actin (F-actin) expression at the cell border. In addition, clumping of F-actin was found in some cytoplasmic areas of the COM-treated cells. Moreover, transepithelial resistance (TER) was reduced by COM crystals, indicating the defective barrier function of the polarized cells. All of these COM-induced defects could be completely abolished by pretreatment with 20 μM phalloidin, an F-actin stabilizer, 2-h prior to the 48-h crystal exposure. These findings indicate that COM crystal does not reduce the total level of actin but causes tight junction disruption via F-actin reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paleerath Peerapen
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Visith Thongboonkerd
- Medical Proteomics Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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