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da Silva Rodrigues G, Yumi Noronha N, Ribeiro de Lima JG, Harumi Yonehara Noma I, Crystine da Silva Sobrinho A, Maria Diani L, Pinto AP, Pereira Rodrigues K, Augusta de Souza Pinhel M, Barbosa Nonino C, Moriguchi Watanabe L, Roberto Bueno Júnior C. Combined exercise training decreases blood pressure in OLDER women with NOS3 polymorphism providing changes in differentially methylated regions (DMRs). Epigenetics 2024; 19:2375030. [PMID: 38967279 PMCID: PMC11229753 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2024.2375030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which the ageing process is associated to an unhealthy lifestyle and how they play an essential role in the aetiology of systemic arterial hypertension have not yet been completely elucidated. Our objective is to investigate the influence of NOS3 polymorphisms [-786T > C and (Glu298Asp)] on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) response, differentially methylated regions (DMRs), and physical fitness of adult and older women after a 14-week combined training intervention. The combined training was carried out for 14 weeks, performed 3 times a week, totalling 180 minutes weekly. The genotyping experiment used Illumina Infinium Global Screening Array version 2.0 (GSA V2.0) and Illumina's EPIC Infinium Methylation BeadChip. The participants were separated into SNP rs2070744 in TT (59.7 ± 6.2 years) and TC + CC (60.0 ± 5.2 years), and SNP rs17999 in GluGlu (58.8 ± 5.7 years) and GluAsp + AspAsp (61.6 ± 4.9 years). We observed an effect of time for variables BP, physical capacities, and cholesterol. DMRs related to SBP and DBP were identified for the rs2070744 and rs17999 groups pre- and decreased numbers of DMRs post-training. When we analysed the effect of exercise training in pre- and post-comparisons, the GluGlu SNP (rs17999) showed 10 DMRs, and after enrichment, we identified several biological biases. The combined training improved the SBP and DBP values of the participants regardless of the SNPs. In addition, exercise training affected DNA methylation differently between the groups of NOS3 polymorphisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Natalia Yumi Noronha
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Isabela Harumi Yonehara Noma
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luísa Maria Diani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana P. Pinto
- School of Physical Education of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Karine Pereira Rodrigues
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Carlos Roberto Bueno Júnior
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Jamshidi-Naeini Y, Henschel B, Shikany JM, Allison DB, Brown AW. Guilt by association: Plant-based foods can be incorporated into both healthy and unhealthy plant-based diet indices associated with coronary heart disease. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.06.29.24309713. [PMID: 38978676 PMCID: PMC11230322 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.29.24309713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Background One approach to test for differential associations between plant foods with health uses a scoring approach: foods categorized into animal or 'healthy' plant-based or 'unhealthy' plant-based groups to construct a plant-based diet index (PDI), healthy PDI (hPDI), and unhealthy PDI (uPDI). Objective To evaluate robustness of associations between diet indices and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) risk when recategorizing food groups in indices. Methods Using REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) data, we replicated a published use of the scoring approach. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we assessed ramifications of the following on associations between diet indices and CHD risk: 1) reconfiguring foods within and among food groups, using potatoes as an example, 2) leave-one-out analysis for each of 12 plant-based food groups, and 3) agnostically redefining each food group as 'healthy' or 'unhealthy'. Results Over 153,286 person-years of follow-up, there were 868 cases of CHD. Replication analyses did not reach statistical significance. General patterns of magnitude of hazard ratios (HRs) in replication and reconfiguration models were PDI HRs < hPDI HRs < uPDI HRs for women, and hPDI < PDI < uPDI for men. Five models reconfiguring potatoes resulted in small, varied differences in PDI, hPDI, and uPDI associations. Leave-one-out analyses resulted in greater variation of associations between indices and CHD. In agnostic models, each plant-based food group was classified in indices as 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' with statistically significant beneficial or deleterious associations with CHD. Averaged over 4,096 models, HRs' shifts were small when food groups were moved between 'healthy' and 'unhealthy'. Conclusion Statistically significant associations between hPDI, uPDI, and PDI and incident CHD were not replicated. Small perturbations of the scoring approach had varied impacts on HRs. Agnostically constructing diet indices demonstrated the potential for guilt (or benefit) by association: any of the food groups we studied could be categorized with others in an index showing beneficial or deleterious associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasaman Jamshidi-Naeini
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN
| | - Beate Henschel
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN
| | - James M Shikany
- Division of Prevention Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN
| | - Andrew W Brown
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, AR, USA
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Wu J, Feng Y, Zhao Y, Guo Z, Liu R, Zeng X, Yang F, Liu B, Gu J, Tarimo CS, Shao W, Guo X, Li Q, Zhao L, Ma M, Shen Z, Zhao Q, Miao Y. Lifestyle behaviors and risk of cardiovascular disease and prognosis among individuals with cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 71 prospective cohort studies. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:42. [PMID: 38650004 PMCID: PMC11036700 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01586-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy lifestyle behaviors (LBs) have been widely recommended for the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite a large number of studies exploring the association between combined LBs and CVD, a notable gap exists in integration of relevant literatures. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies to analyze the correlation between combined LBs and the occurrence of CVD, as well as to estimate the risk of various health complications in individuals already diagnosed with CVD. METHODS Articles published up to February 10, 2023 were sourced through PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Eligible prospective cohort studies that reported the relations of combined LBs with pre-determined outcomes were included. Summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using either a fixed or random-effects model. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, publication bias, and sensitivity analysis were as well performed. RESULTS In the general population, individuals with the healthiest combination of LBs exhibited a significant risk reduction of 58% for CVD and 55% for CVD mortality. For individuals diagnosed with CVD, adherence to the healthiest combination of LBs corresponded to a significant risk reduction of 62% for CVD recurrence and 67% for all-cause mortality, when compared to those with the least-healthy combination of LBs. In the analysis of dose-response relationship, for each increment of 1 healthy LB, there was a corresponding decrease in risk of 17% for CVD and 19% for CVD mortality within the general population. Similarly, among individuals diagnosed with CVD, each additional healthy LB was associated with a risk reduction of 27% for CVD recurrence and 27% for all-cause mortality. CONCLUSIONS Adopting healthy LBs is associated with substantial risk reduction in CVD, CVD mortality, and adverse outcomes among individuals diagnosed with CVD. Rather than focusing solely on individual healthy LB, it is advisable to advocate for the adoption of multiple LBs for the prevention and management of CVD. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO: CRD42023431731.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifei Feng
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongmei Liu
- Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Yang
- School of Public Health, NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Laboratorial Science and Technology & Vaccine Research Center, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqing Gu
- Healthy Lifestyle Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Clifford Silver Tarimo
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
- Department of Science and Laboratory Technology, Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2958, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Weihao Shao
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinghong Guo
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Quanman Li
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lipei Zhao
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingze Ma
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanlei Shen
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Zhao
- Central China Fuwai Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yudong Miao
- Department of Health management, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, People's Republic of China.
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Mitchell E, Comerford K, Knight M, McKinney K, Lawson Y. A review of dairy food intake for improving health among black geriatrics in the US. J Natl Med Assoc 2024; 116:274-291. [PMID: 38365561 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
The transition to older adulthood is generally marked by progressive declines in body composition, metabolism, cognitive function, and immunity. For socially disadvantaged geriatric populations such as Black Americans, this life stage may also include additional stressors, including dealing with discrimination, poor access to healthcare, and food insecurity. These types of chronic stressors are linked to a higher allostatic load, which is associated with accelerated biological aging, higher rates of adverse health outcomes, and an overall lower quality of life. Of the numerous factors involved in healthy aging, a growing body of research indicates that consuming a higher quality diet that is rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, protein foods, and dairy foods, is one of the most potent factors for helping to protect against age-related disease progression. Among the food groups listed above that are recommended by the 2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans dairy foods are unique in their ability to provide several of the essential nutrients (e.g., high-quality protein, calcium, potassium, vitamin B12, and vitamin D in fortified products) that are most often inadequately consumed by older Black Americans. However, dairy is the most inadequately consumed food group in the US, with older Black adults consuming fewer than half of the 3 daily recommended servings. Therefore, this review examines the current body of evidence exploring the links between dairy intake and age-related disease risk, with a special focus on health and disparities among older Black Americans. Overall, the evidence from most systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses focused on dairy intake and musculoskeletal health suggest that higher dairy intake across the life span, and especially from fermented and fortified products, is associated with better bone and muscle health outcomes in older adults. The evidence on dairy intake and neurocognitive and immune outcomes among older adults holds significant promise for potential benefits, but most of these results are sourced from individual studies or narrative reviews and are not currently corroborated in systematic reviews or meta-analyses. Additionally, most of the research on dairy intake and age-related disease risk has been performed in White populations and can only be extrapolated to Black populations. Nonetheless, older Black populations who do not meet the DGA recommended 3 servings of dairy per day due to lactose intolerance, restrictive dietary patterns, or for other reasons, are likely falling short of several of the nutritional requirements necessary to support healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Mitchell
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer at Jefferson, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Kevin Comerford
- OMNI Nutrition Science; California Dairy Research Foundation, Davis, CA, United States.
| | - Michael Knight
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington D.C., United States
| | - Kevin McKinney
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Yolanda Lawson
- Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
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Algur Y, Rummo PE, McAlexander TP, De Silva SSA, Lovasi GS, Judd SE, Ryan V, Malla G, Koyama AK, Lee DC, Thorpe LE, McClure LA. Assessing the association between food environment and dietary inflammation by community type: a cross-sectional REGARDS study. Int J Health Geogr 2023; 22:24. [PMID: 37730612 PMCID: PMC10510199 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-023-00345-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Communities in the United States (US) exist on a continuum of urbanicity, which may inform how individuals interact with their food environment, and thus modify the relationship between food access and dietary behaviors. OBJECTIVE This cross-sectional study aims to examine the modifying effect of community type in the association between the relative availability of food outlets and dietary inflammation across the US. METHODS Using baseline data from the REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke study (2003-2007), we calculated participants' dietary inflammation score (DIS). Higher DIS indicates greater pro-inflammatory exposure. We defined our exposures as the relative availability of supermarkets and fast-food restaurants (percentage of food outlet type out of all food stores or restaurants, respectively) using street-network buffers around the population-weighted centroid of each participant's census tract. We used 1-, 2-, 6-, and 10-mile (~ 2-, 3-, 10-, and 16 km) buffer sizes for higher density urban, lower density urban, suburban/small town, and rural community types, respectively. Using generalized estimating equations, we estimated the association between relative food outlet availability and DIS, controlling for individual and neighborhood socio-demographics and total food outlets. The percentage of supermarkets and fast-food restaurants were modeled together. RESULTS Participants (n = 20,322) were distributed across all community types: higher density urban (16.7%), lower density urban (39.8%), suburban/small town (19.3%), and rural (24.2%). Across all community types, mean DIS was - 0.004 (SD = 2.5; min = - 14.2, max = 9.9). DIS was associated with relative availability of fast-food restaurants, but not supermarkets. Association between fast-food restaurants and DIS varied by community type (P for interaction = 0.02). Increases in the relative availability of fast-food restaurants were associated with higher DIS in suburban/small towns and lower density urban areas (p-values < 0.01); no significant associations were present in higher density urban or rural areas. CONCLUSIONS The relative availability of fast-food restaurants was associated with higher DIS among participants residing in suburban/small town and lower density urban community types, suggesting that these communities might benefit most from interventions and policies that either promote restaurant diversity or expand healthier food options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Algur
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Pasquale E Rummo
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tara P McAlexander
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - S Shanika A De Silva
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gina S Lovasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Suzanne E Judd
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Victoria Ryan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Gargya Malla
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Public Health, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Alain K Koyama
- Division of Diabetes Translation, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David C Lee
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorna E Thorpe
- Department of Population Health, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Leslie A McClure
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Drexel University Dornsife School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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