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Madana ST, Sathiavelu M. Probiotic evaluation, adherence capability and safety assessment of Lactococcus lactis strain isolated from an important herb "Murraya koenigii". Sci Rep 2024; 14:15565. [PMID: 38971851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66597-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from medicinal herb Murraya koenigii, commonly known as curry leaf, which promotes the growth and maintenance of gut microbiota, were studied for their probiotic potential. The key objective of this research was to isolate and evaluate probiotic characteristics, test adherence capabilities, and confirm their safety. Lactococcus lactis (MKL8), isolated from Murraya koenigii, was subjected to in vitro analysis to assess its resistance to the gastric environment, ability to adhere Caco-2 cells, anti-microbial activity, hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, and safety profiling through MTT assay and hemolytic. MKL8 exhibited growth at 0.5% phenol concentrations (> 80%) and was able to survive in conditions with high bile concentrations (> 79%) and a relatively low pH (72%-91%). It shows high tolerance to high osmotic conditions (> 73%) and simulated gastric juice (> 72%). Additionally, MKL8 demonstrated strong hydrophobicity (85%), auto-aggregation (87.3%-91.7%), and adherence to Caco-2 cells. Moreover, it had an inhibitory effect against pathogens too. By performing the hemolytic and MTT assays, the non-toxicity of MKL8 isolate was examined, and it exhibited no harmful characteristics. Considering MKL8's resistance to gastrointestinal tract conditions, high surface hydrophobicity, non-toxicity, and ability to inhibit the tested pathogens, it can be concluded that MKL8 demonstrated promising probiotic properties and has potential for use in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Tholla Madana
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Mythili Sathiavelu
- School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632014, India.
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2
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Raval SD, Archana G. Evaluation of synbiotic combinations of commercial probiotic strains with different prebiotics in in vitro and ex vivo human gut microcosm model. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:315. [PMID: 38904672 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-04030-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Exploring probiotics for their crosstalk with the host microbiome through the fermentation of non-digestible dietary fibers (prebiotics) for their potential metabolic end-products, particularly short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), is important for understanding the endogenous host-gut microbe interaction. This study was aimed at a systematic comparison of commercially available probiotics to understand their synergistic role with specific prebiotics in SCFAs production both in vitro and in the ex vivo gut microcosm model. Probiotic strains isolated from pharmacy products including Lactobacillus sporogenes (strain not labeled), Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (ATCC53103), Streptococcus faecalis (T-110 JPC), Bacillus mesentericus (TO-AJPC), Bacillus clausii (SIN) and Saccharomyces boulardii (CNCM I-745) were assessed for their probiotic traits including survival, antibiotic susceptibility, and antibacterial activity against pathogenic strains. Our results showed that the microorganisms under study had strain-specific abilities to persist in human gastrointestinal conditions and varied anti-infective efficacy and antibiotic susceptibility. The probiotic strains displayed variation in the utilization of six different prebiotic substrates for their growth under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Their prebiotic scores (PS) revealed which were the most suitable prebiotic carbohydrates for the growth of each strain and suggested xylooligosaccharide (XOS) was the poorest utilized among all. HPLC analysis revealed a versatile pattern of SCFAs produced as end-products of prebiotic fermentation by the strains which was influenced by growth conditions. Selected synbiotic (prebiotic and probiotic) combinations showing high PS and high total SCFAs production were tested in an ex vivo human gut microcosm model. Interestingly, significantly higher butyrate and propionate production was found only when synbiotics were applied as against when individual probiotic or prebiotics were applied alone. qRT-PCR analysis with specific primers showed that there was a significant increase in the abundance of lactobacilli and bifidobacteria with synbiotic blends compared to pre-, or probiotics alone. In conclusion, this work presents findings to suggest prebiotic combinations with different well-established probiotic strains that may be useful for developing effective synbiotic blends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani D Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390 002, India
| | - G Archana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Center, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, 390 002, India.
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Kumari V. B. C, Huligere S, M. K. J, Goh KW, Desai SM, H. L. K, Ramu R. Characterization of Lactobacillus spp. as Probiotic and Antidiabetic Potential Isolated from Boza, Traditional Fermented Beverage in Turkey. Int J Microbiol 2024; 2024:2148676. [PMID: 38962395 PMCID: PMC11221989 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2148676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Boza, a cereal-based beverage popular in southeast Europe, is fortified with probiotics and is believed to positively impact the composition of the gut microflora. This investigation focused on fermented cereal-based beverage boza to identify strains of probiotic Lactobacillus spp. capable of inhibiting carbohydrate-hydrolysing enzymes α-glucosidase (AG) and α-amylase (AA). The isolated bacterial strains underwent a comprehensive assessment, including biochemical, molecular, and probiotic trait analyses such as tolerance survivability, adhesion, safety, and health-promoting attributes. We evaluated the inhibitory potential of the supernatant, cell lysate, and intact cells of Lactobacillus spp. Molecular analysis has revealed that isolates RAMULAB30 and RAMULAB29 exhibit a significant genetic similarity (>97%) to Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Limosilactobacillus fermentum, respectively. These findings are documented in the NCBI database. They exhibited significant resistance to gastrointestinal and intestinal fluids, also indicating their potential for adhesion. Additionally, the isolates showed a significant antibacterial activity, particularly against Micrococcus luteus. They showed resistance to vancomycin and methicillin antibiotics but were more susceptible to streptomycin and ampicillin. Furthermore, the strains demonstrated antioxidant properties. To ensure their safety, a haemolytic assay was conducted despite their general recognition as safe (GRAS) status. The study primarily aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of the extract on enzymes AG and AA. Bacterial isolates demonstrated a significant inhibitory activity against both enzyme AG (32%-67% inhibition) and enzyme AA (18%-46% inhibition) in different forms, including supernatant (CS), lysed extract (CE), and intact cell (IC). These findings underscore the potential of bacterial isolates to inhibit the enzyme activity effectively. Furthermore, the L. fermentum RAMULAB29 and L. paracasei RAMULAB30 strains exhibit remarkable antidiabetic potential. Food products incorporating these strains have promising prospects as nutraceuticals, providing improved health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Kumari V. B.
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujay Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Jayanthi M. K.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Sudhanva M. Desai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kalabharthi H. L.
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS Medical College, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore 570015, Karnataka, India
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Das TK, Kar P, Panchali T, Khatun A, Dutta A, Ghosh S, Chakrabarti S, Pradhan S, Mondal KC, Ghosh K. Anti-obesity potentiality of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT isolated from a fermented beverage, haria: a high fat diet-induced obese mice model study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:168. [PMID: 38630156 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-024-03983-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide. Several pharmacologic drugs are being used to treat obesity but these medicines exhibit side effects. To find out the alternatives of these drugs, we aimed to assess the probiotic properties and anti-obesity potentiality of a lactic acid bacterium E2_MCCKT, isolated from a traditional fermented rice beverage, haria. Based on the 16S rRNA sequencing, the bacterium was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum E2_MCCKT. The bacterium exhibited in vitro probiotic activity in terms of high survivability in an acidic environment and 2% bile salt, moderate auto-aggregation, and hydrophobicity. Later, E2_MCCKT was applied to obese mice to prove its anti-obesity potentiality. Adult male mice (15.39 ± 0.19 g) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 5) according to the type of diet: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and HFD supplemented with E2_MCCKT (HFT). After four weeks of bacterial treatment on the obese mice, a significant reduction of body weight, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels, whereas, improvements in serum glucose levels were observed. The bacterial therapy led to mRNA up-regulation of lipolytic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α which may increase the expression of fatty acid oxidation-related genes such as acyl-CoA oxidase and carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1. Concomitantly, both adipocytogenesis and fatty acid synthesis were arrested as reflected by the down-regulation of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1c, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, and fatty acid synthase genes. In protein expression study, E2_MCCKT significantly increased IL-10 expression while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1Ra and TNF-α) expression. In conclusion, the probiotic Lp. plantarum E2_MCCKT might have significant anti-obesity effects on mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tridip Kumar Das
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyanka Kar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Titli Panchali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Amina Khatun
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Ananya Dutta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Smita Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
- Biodiversity and Environmental Studies Research Center, Midnapore City College Affiliated to Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudipta Chakrabarti
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Shrabani Pradhan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India
| | - Keshab Chandra Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
| | - Kuntal Ghosh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Midnapore City College, Midnapore, 721129, West Bengal, India.
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Paul S, Hossain TJ, Ali F, Hossain ME, Chowdhury T, Faisal IK, Ferdouse J. Assessment of the in-vitro probiotic efficacy and safety of Pediococcus pentosaceus L1 and Streptococcus thermophilus L3 isolated from Laban, a popular fermented milk product. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:82. [PMID: 38294545 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03812-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms, mostly lactic acid bacteria (LAB), that offer health benefits to the host when consumed in adequate amounts. This study assessed the probiotic efficacy and safety of LAB strains isolated from Laban, a traditional fermented milk product. Seven primarily selected Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-spore-forming isolates were examined for their antimicrobial activity against the bacterial pathogens Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Vibrio cholera, and the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. Two isolates, identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus L1 and Streptococcus thermophilus L3, which showed antimicrobial activity against all pathogens, were further evaluated for their probiotic competence. The selected isolates demonstrated strong resistance to low pH, bile salts, and phenol, indicating their potential for gastric endurance. They also exhibited high cell surface hydrophobicity to various hydrocarbons, autoaggregation, and coaggregation properties, demonstrating strong adhesion abilities. In addition, both isolates showed strong antioxidant activity and were non-hemolytic. Although the isolates had some resistance to certain antibiotics, they were generally susceptible to commonly used antibiotics. The two LAB strains also exhibited promising technological properties, such as milk coagulation and exopolysaccharide production, indicating their potential to enhance the quality of dairy products. The results suggest that the LAB strains isolated from Laban have strong potential as probiotics, and due to their food origin, they are highly likely to exhibit maximal efficacy in food and pharmaceutical products for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanta Paul
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Tanim Jabid Hossain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh.
- Biochemistry and Pathogenesis of Microbes - BPM Research Group, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh.
| | - Ferdausi Ali
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Md Elias Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Tasneem Chowdhury
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Ibrahim Khalil Faisal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
- Biochemistry and Pathogenesis of Microbes - BPM Research Group, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh
| | - Jannatul Ferdouse
- Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, 4331, Bangladesh.
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6
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Vanitha PR, Somashekaraiah R, Divyashree S, Pan I, Sreenivasa MY. Antifungal activity of probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MYSN7 against Trichophyton tonsurans. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1192449. [PMID: 37389341 PMCID: PMC10303898 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1192449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The primary objective of this study was to assess the probiotic attributes and antifungal activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) against the fungus, Trichophyton tonsurans. Among the 20 isolates screened for their antifungal attributes, isolate MYSN7 showed strong antifungal activity and was selected for further analysis. The isolate MYSN7 exhibited potential probiotic characteristics, having 75 and 70% survival percentages in pH3 and pH2, respectively, 68.73% tolerance to bile, a moderate cell surface hydrophobicity of 48.87%, and an auto-aggregation percentage of 80.62%. The cell-free supernatant (CFS) of MYSN7 also showed effective antibacterial activity against common pathogens. Furthermore, the isolate MYSN7 was identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum by 16S rRNA sequencing. Both L. plantarum MYSN7 and its CFS exhibited significant anti-Trichophyton activity in which the biomass of the fungal pathogen was negligible after 14 days of incubation with the active cells of probiotic culture (106 CFU/ml) and at 6% concentration of the CFS. In addition, the CFS inhibited the germination of conidia even after 72 h of incubation. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the lyophilized crude extract of the CFS was observed to be 8 mg/ml. Preliminary characterization of the CFS showed that the active component would be organic acids in nature responsible for antifungal activity. Organic acid profiling of the CFS using LC-MS revealed that it was a mixture of 11 different acids, and among these, succinic acid (9,793.60 μg/ml) and lactic acid (2,077.86 μg/ml) were predominant. Additionally, a scanning electron microscopic study revealed that CFS disrupted fungal hyphal structure significantly, which showed scanty branching and bulged terminus. The study indicates the potential of L. plantarum MYSN7 and its CFS to control the growth of T. tonsurans. Furthermore, in vivo studies need to be conducted to explore its possible applications on skin infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. R. Vanitha
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
- Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysuru, India
| | | | - S. Divyashree
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - Indranil Pan
- Department of Biosciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India
| | - M. Y. Sreenivasa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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Saeed A, Yasmin A, Baig M, Ahmed MA, Farooqi ZUR. Streptococcus lactarius MB622 and Streptococcus salivarius MB620 isolated from human milk reduce chemokine IL-8 production in response to TNF-α in Caco-2 cell line, an exploratory study. Cytokine 2023; 168:156232. [PMID: 37224578 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Streptococci are a predominant genera of the human milk microbiome. Among different lactic acid bacteria (LAB) a few Streptococcal strains are also considered as probiotics. Probiotic bacteria are reported to modulate immunity when consumed in adequate amount and bacterial hydrophobicity can be considered as a preliminary experiment for the adhesive capability of probiotic bacteria to the epithelial cells. The present study aimed to investigate the probiotic, hydrophobic and immune modulation property of Streptococcus lactarius MB622 and Streptococcus salivarius MB620, isolated from human milk. S. lactarius MB622 and S. salivarius MB620 displayed higher hydrophobicity (78 % and 59 % respectively) in addition to intrinsic probiotic properties such as gram positive classification, catalase negative activity, resistance to artificially stimulated gastric juice and gastrointestinal bile salt concentration. In conclusion Streptococcus lactarius MB622 and Streptococcus salivarius MB620 isolated from human milk when administered in sufficient amount and for certain duration could be used to reduce inflammation inside the colon by reducing the production of inflammatory booster (IL-8) in diseased state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Saeed
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
| | - Azra Yasmin
- Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Lab, Fatima Jinnah Women University Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Mehreen Baig
- Surgical Unit II, Foundation University Islamabad, Pakistan
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Kumari V B C, Huligere SS, Alotaibi G, Al Mouslem AK, Bahauddin AA, Shivanandappa TB, Ramu R. Antidiabetic Activity of Potential Probiotics Limosilactobacillus spp., Levilactobacillus spp., and Lacticaseibacillus spp. Isolated from Fermented Sugarcane Juice: A Comprehensive In Vitro and In Silico Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081882. [PMID: 37111101 PMCID: PMC10144524 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are regarded as a potential source of functional foods for improving the microbiota in human gut. When consumed, these bacteria can control the metabolism of biomolecules, which has numerous positive effects on health. Our objective was to identify a probiotic putative Lactobacillus spp. from fermented sugarcane juice that can prevent α-glucosidase and α-amylase from hydrolyzing carbohydrates. Isolates from fermented sugarcane juice were subjected to biochemical, molecular characterization (16S rRNA) and assessed for probiotic traits. Cell-free supernatant (CS) and extract (CE) and also intact cells (IC) were examined for the inhibitory effect on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. CS of the strain showed the highest inhibition and was subjected to a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis to determine the organic acid profile. The in silico approach was employed to assess organic acid stability and comprehend enzyme inhibitors' impact. Nine isolates were retained for further investigation based on the preliminary biochemical evaluation. Limosilactobacillus spp., Levilactobacillus spp., and Lacticaseibacillus spp. were identified based on similarity > 95% in homology search (NCBI database). The strains had a higher survival rate (>98%) than gastric and intestinal fluids, also a high capacity for adhesion (hydrophobicity > 56%; aggregation > 80%; HT-29 cells > 54%; buccal epithelial cells > 54%). The hemolytic assay indicated that the isolates could be considered safe. The isolates' derivatives inhibited enzymes to varying degrees, with α-glucosidase inhibition ranging from 21 to 85% and α-amylase inhibition from 18 to 75%, respectively. The CS of RAMULAB54 was profiled for organic acid that showed the abundance of hydroxycitric acid, citric acid, and lactic acid indicating their role in the observed inhibitory effects. The in silico approach has led us to understand that hydroxycitric acid has the ability to inhibit both the enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) effectively. Inhibiting these enzymes helps moderate postprandial hyperglycemia and regulates blood glucose levels. Due to their promising antidiabetic potential, these isolates can be used to enhance intestinal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandana Kumari V B
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Sujay S Huligere
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
| | - Ghallab Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Shaqra University, Al-Dawadmi Campus, Shaqra 11961, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz K Al Mouslem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar Abdulraheem Bahauddin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Madinah 42535, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ramith Ramu
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysuru 570015, Karnataka, India
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Daneshazari R, Rabbani Khorasgani M, Hosseini-Abari A, Kim JH. Bacillus subtilis isolates from camel milk as probiotic candidates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:3387. [PMID: 36854714 PMCID: PMC9974938 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30507-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently Bacillus spp. has gained much attention as potential probiotics due to the production of resistant cells. So, this research is purposeful for evaluation of probiotic characteristics of Bacillus isolates from camel milk as a suitable source for growth and isolation of microorganisms that can be candidate to be used as probiotic. First, forty-eight colonies were screened by using morphological and biochemical analysis. Among the isolates, two of them were recognized as Bacillus subtilis CM1 and CM2 by partial 16SrRNA sequencing that, probiotic potentials of them were evaluated. Both of them, in the preliminary safety screening, were found negative for hemolysis and lecithinase activity. Also, in vitro characteristics such as acid, bile salts and artificial gastric juice resistant, cell surface hydrophobicity, auto-aggregation, antioxidant characteristics, and adherent capability to HT-29 cells were determined for them approximately in the range of other probiotic strains. Two strains were susceptible to various antibiotics and enterotoxigenic activities were not detected by PCR which means isolated Bacillus strains could be classified as safe. Altogether, results demonstrate that Bacillus CM1 and CM2 strains could have the potential of consideration as probiotics, however more extensive in vitro/vivo studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Daneshazari
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rabbani Khorasgani
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afrouzossadat Hosseini-Abari
- grid.411750.60000 0001 0454 365XDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - June-Hyung Kim
- grid.255166.30000 0001 2218 7142Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dong-a University, Busan, Korea
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Baliyan N, Maurya AK, Kumar A, Agnihotri VK, Kumar R. Probiotics from the bovine raw milk of Lahaul valley showed cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid isomer and antioxidant activity with food formulation ability. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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11
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Fermentation of Clementine Juice with Lactobacillus salivarius spp. salivarius CECT 4063: Effect of Trehalose Addition and High-Pressure Homogenization on Antioxidant Properties, Mucin Adhesion, and Shelf Life. FERMENTATION 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation8110642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermentation of fruit juices with lactic acid bacteria enhances their antioxidant properties to a different extent depending on the microbial strain and the growing media composition, which can be modified by adding certain ingredients or applying a homogenization step. This study analyzed the effect of trehalose addition (10%, w/w) and homogenization at 100 MPa before or after Lactobacillus salivarius spp. salivarius CECT 4063 inoculation on the antioxidant profile and the microbiological properties of commercial clementine juice during 96 h fermentation. Antioxidant properties and viable cell count of 24 h-fermented juices during refrigerated storage (30 days at 4 °C) were also evaluated. Fermentation over 24 h reduced the microbial population and antioxidant content of clementine juice. Homogenizing the juice before inoculation enhanced the microbial growth but favored antioxidant degradation. Adding trehalose (10%, w/w) to the juice formulation and/or homogenizing at the fermented juice at 100 MPa for 24 h had a negative impact on viable counts and did not improve the microbial adhesion to intestinal mucosa. However, both techniques prevented antioxidant oxidation and cell decay during the storage of fermented juice under refrigeration, which should not last more than 15 days.
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Zaghloul HAH, El Halfawy NM. Genomic insights into antibiotic-resistance and virulence genes of Enterococcus faecium strains from the gut of Apis mellifera. Microb Genom 2022; 8:mgen000896. [PMID: 36374179 PMCID: PMC9836096 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Enterococcus faecium is a lactic acid bacterium that confers beneficial health effects in humans. However, lately, a number of E. faecium strains have been linked to the spread of nosocomial infections in the hospital environment. Therefore, any potential commercial usage of E. faecium isolates should be preceded by an assessment of infection risk. In the current study, the genomes of two novel E. faecium strains Am1 (larval isolate) and Bee9 (adult bee isolate) isolated from the gut of Apis mellifera L. (honeybee) were sequenced to allow evaluation of their safety. In particular, their genomes were screened for antibiotic-resistance and virulence genes. In addition, their potential to spread resistance in the environment was evaluated. The analysis revealed that Am1 and Bee9 possess 2832 and 2844 protein-encoding genes, respectively. In each case, the genome size was 2.7 Mb with a G+C content of 37.9 mol%. Comparative analysis with probiotic, non-pathogenic and pathogenic enterococci revealed that there are variations between the two bee E. faecium isolates and pathogenic genomes. They were, however, closely linked to the probiotic comparison strains. Phenotypically, the Am1 and Bee9 strains were susceptible to most antibiotics tested, but showed intermediate sensitivity towards erythromycin, linezolid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Notably, no genes associated with antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates (e.g. vancomycin resistance: vanA, vanB, vanS, vanX and vanY) were present. In addition, the insertion sequences (IS16, ISEfa11 and ISEfa5), acting as molecular pathogenicity markers in clinically relevant E. faecium strains, were also absent. Moreover, the analysis revealed the absence of three key pathogenicity-associated genes (acm, sgrA, ecbA) in the Am1 and Bee9 strains that are found in the prominent clinical isolates DO, V1836, Aus0004 and Aus0085. Overall, the findings of this investigation suggest that the E. faecium isolates from the bee gut have not suffered any recent clinically relevant antibiotic exposure. It also suggests that E. faecium Am1 and Bee9 are safe potential probiotic strains, because they lack the phenotypic and genetic features associated with strains eliciting nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba A. H. Zaghloul
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt
| | - Nancy M. El Halfawy
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt,*Correspondence: Nancy M. El Halfawy,
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13
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Soodpakdee K, Nacha J, Rattanachart N, Owatworakit A, Chamyuang S. Fermentation With Pleurotus Ostreatus Enhances the Prebiotic Properties of Germinated Riceberry Rice. Front Nutr 2022; 9:839145. [PMID: 35495911 PMCID: PMC9039537 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.839145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is the staple food for more than half of the world's population. In recent years, awareness of the health benefits of colored rice varieties and germinated rice has gradually increased. Riceberry rice (R), a black-purple variety, was germinated and subsequently fermented with Pleurotus ostreatus mycelium (M) to improve nutrient quality and prebiotic properties. The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and β-glucan contents were measured daily for a total of 4 days. The prebiotic activities of R, germinated Riceberry rice (GR), and germinated Riceberry rice with mycelium (GRM) were evaluated on the probiotic bacteria Pediococcus sp., Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Streptococcus lactis. Results were compared with the M treatment and with the commercial prebiotic agents: inulin and β-glucan. The treatments were also used to evaluate growth of the pathogen Escherichia coli. The GABA content peaked after 3 days of germination. The GR sample fermented with M for 3 days had the optimal concentration of both β-glucan and GABA. Evaluation of the prebiotic properties of rice samples and the commercial standards (inulin and β-glucan) showed that these were enhanced on the GR and GRM treatments. Results also showed the improvement of prebiotic properties on GR as the R sample did not show any prebiotic properties in all probiotic bacteria, whereas the GR sample showed moderate prebiotic activity score of 0.40, 0.88, and 0.56 on Pediococcus sp., L. acidophilus, and S. lactis, respectively. Furthermore, the prebiotic activity of GR was improved when fermented with M. For further applications, the GRM could be used on rice-based products, such as rice flour, rice crackers, or other rice products to enhance nutritional value and improve digestive system health, especially in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jutamat Nacha
- Microbial Products and Innovation Research Group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | | | - Amorn Owatworakit
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Microbial Products and Innovation Research Group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Sunita Chamyuang
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand.,Microbial Products and Innovation Research Group, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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14
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Wang Y, Jia D, Wang JH, Li HH, Liu JL, Liu AH, Wang JM, Guan GQ, Luo JX, Yin H, Li YQ. Assessment of probiotic adhesion and inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Salmonella adhesion. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:6267-6274. [PMID: 34581832 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02593-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we screened bacterial strains to identify specific probiotics to treat pig diarrhea caused by Escherichia coli or Salmonella. The potential probiotics were assayed for their survival in gastrointestinal solution, their antimicrobial activity, cell-surface properties, adhesion to Caco-2 cells, and inhibition of pathogen adhesion. Nine out of the 20 strains tested showed high tolerance of a simulated gastrointestinal environment and six strains exerted antagonistic effects against enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) O157:H7 and Salmonella Typhimurium MQ. Lactobacillus johnsonii pDX1e exhibited a higher potent antibacterial activity. Four strains (pDX1a, pDX1e, pDX3a, and pDX5a) displayed auto-aggregation, hydrophobicity, and adhesion to Caco-2 cells similar to those of the reference strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG). Enterococcus durans pDX5a showed the highest adhesion capacity (13.86%), followed by the reference strain LGG (11.20%). All the tested strains competitively suppressed the attachment of pathogens to Caco-2 cells (by 30.73-55.18%); L. johnsonii pDX1e and Ent. durans pDX5a significantly inhibited the adhesion of pathogens by substitution and exclusion, respectively. Therefore, pDX1e and pDX5a were selected as probiotic strains for further investigation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.
| | - Dan Jia
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, 730050, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - He-Hai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Jun-Long Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Ai-Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Jin-Ming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Gui-Quan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Jian-Xun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - You-Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
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15
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Pammi N, Bhukya KK, Lunavath RK, Bhukya B. Bioprospecting of Palmyra Palm ( Borassus flabellifer) Nectar: Unveiling the Probiotic and Therapeutic Potential of the Traditional Rural Drink. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:683996. [PMID: 34262545 PMCID: PMC8274697 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.683996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigates the therapeutic and probiotic attributes of traditional Toddy Palm Nectar (TPN). Glucose was found to be the highest with 4.37 mg/ml and arabinose was the least with 2.85 mg/ml. The average ethanol concentration of fresh TPN was found to be 0.3 mg/ml. The nutritional profile of TPN revealed 18 volatile fatty acids, the major one being hexadecenoic acid (M/Z 74). Amino acid profiling showed 26 amino acids, with OH-lysine-2 the highest (12.86%). About 120 morphologically distinct lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated from 26 TPN samples, based on differential growth and in vitro probiotic characteristics. After 16S rRNA sequencing, four indigenous LAB strains were identified as Lactobacillus plantarum group OUBN1, Enterococcus faecium OUBN3, Pediococcus acidilactici OUBN4, and Pediococcus pentosaceous OUBN5 and their sequences were deposited to NCBI. Microbiological safety evaluation studies showed the absence of hemolytic, gelatinolytic and proteolytic activity. The bacterial isolate OUBN3 showed a maximum survival rate of 6.91 ± 0.04 log cfu/ml at acidic pH 2.5 and isolate OUBN5 showed 6.94 ± 0.02 log cfu/ml at pH 3.0. Similarly, the isolate OUBN5 showed 7.92 ± 0.03 log cfu/ml to 0.3% ox-bile after 4 h and 8.94 ± 0.03 log cfu/ml to simulated gastric juice after 3 h of treatments. OUBN1 expressed the highest autoaggregation (81.76 ± 1.25%), cell surface hydrophobicity (79.71 ± 3.42%), and displayed the maximum coaggregation with E. coli MTCC452 (76.96%), K. pneumoniae MTCC109 (75.62%), and S. aureus MTCC902 (70.69%). All strains showed significant antibiotic and antimicrobial activity. Isolate OUBN1 displayed hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (68.71 ± 1.0%) with an IC50 value of 75.62 μg/ml and the highest anti-cancer activity (percentage inhibition of 88.55) against HT-29 cells. Based on the characteristics observed, L. plantarum group OUBN1 and P. pentosaceous OUBN5 were found to be potential isolates to employ as probiotic microbiota in food and forage preparations. These findings reinforce the fact that LAB isolated from TPN could be exploited as an alternative means toward potential therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagamani Pammi
- Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Bhukya
- Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Lunavath
- Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
| | - Bhima Bhukya
- Centre for Microbial and Fermentation Technology, Department of Microbiology, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India
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16
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Nataraj BH, Ramesh C, Mallappa RH. Characterization of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Traits Present in Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates. Curr Microbiol 2021; 78:2001-2014. [PMID: 33860841 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-021-02477-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a notorious superbug which poses serious health threats to humanity. The severity of the infections depends on the prevalence of virulence factors and antibiotic resistance. In this study, attempts have been made to nominate the two most virulent and multidrug-resistant MRSA isolates demonstrating the preliminary features of intestinal adhesion for the futuristic applications of probiotics and postbiotics as antagonists to combat MRSA infections. In this context, six clinical isolates of MRSA were polyphasically characterized for their identity, multidrug resistance, and few selected virulence determinates such as hemolytic activity and production of coagulase, nuclease, and capsule. The gut colonizing ability of MRSA isolates was assessed by mucoadhesion, auto-aggregation, and cell surface hydrophobicity. An antibiogram of MRSA isolates suggested the resistance towards several antibiotics with multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index >0.5 (12/241, 12/206, and 5/255) as well as their genome portraying mecA mediated methicillin resistance. Besides exhibiting strong biofilm formation ability, all the isolates exhibited positive responses towards tested virulence assays coupled with their genome displaying Coa, NucA, and CapE genes. On the other hand, isolates exhibited different levels of auto-aggregation (37.90 ± 1.8 to 51.53 ± 3.1%) and mucin adhesion ability (68.93 ± 0.61% to 86.62 ± 1.96%) with a significant (P ≤ 0.05) variation in adhesion to different hydrocarbons. Finally, multivariate Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) heatmap using Euclidean distance measurement indicated MRSA 12/206 and 5/255 as most resistant and virulent isolates with the potential to adhere to the hydrophobic gut niche.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chette Ramesh
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India
| | - Rashmi Hogarehalli Mallappa
- Molecular Biology Unit, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132001, India.
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17
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Probiotic Properties and Immunomodulatory Activity of Lactobacillus Strains Isolated from Dairy Products. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040825. [PMID: 33924561 PMCID: PMC8069045 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lactobacilli species are an effective biotherapeutic alternative against bacterial infections and intestinal inflammatory disorders. However, it is important to evaluate their beneficial properties, before considering them as probiotics for medical use. In this study we evaluated some probiotic properties of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, Lactobacillus rhamnosus KLSD, Lactobacillus helveticus IMAU70129, and Lactobacillus casei IMAU60214 previously isolated from dairy products and as control Lactobacillus casei Shirota. Experimental evaluations revealed that all strains expressed hydrophobicity (25–40%), auto-aggregation (55–60%), NaCl tolerance (1–4%), adhesion to Caco-2 cells (25–33%), partial inhibition on adherence of Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Salmonella Typhimurium ATCC 14028, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 23219. Cell-free supernatants (CFS) of Lactobacilli also inhibit growth of these pathogens. In immunomodulatory properties a reduction of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and nitric oxide (NO) release was observed in assays with Caco-2 cells stimulated with interleukin-1β (1 ng/mL), or lipopolysaccharide (0.1 µg/mL). On the other hand, the damage induced to Caco-2 cells with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was attenuated when the cultured cells were pretreated with L. rhamnosus KLDS, L. helveticus IMAU70129 and L. casei IMAU60214. These Lactobacilli possess probiotic properties determined by both an antagonistic activity on pathogenic bacteria and reduction in the inflammatory response of cells treated with SDS, a pro-inflammatory stimulant.
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18
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Shi S, Cheng B, Gu B, Sheng T, Tu J, Shao Y, Qi K, Zhou D. Evaluation of the probiotic and functional potential of Lactobacillus agilis 32 isolated from pig manure. Lett Appl Microbiol 2021; 73:9-19. [PMID: 33098675 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is a symbiotic bacterium in humans and animals and an important pathogen of humans and animals. Prevention and suppression of E. coli infection is of great concern. In this study, we isolated a strain of Lactobacillus agilis 32 from pig manure and evaluated its biological characteristics, and found that its bacterial survival rate was 25% after 4 h of treatment at pH 2, and under the condition of 0·5% bile concentration, its survival rate exceeds 30%. In addition, L. agilis 32 has a cell surface hydrophobicity of 77·8%, and exhibits 67·1% auto-aggregation and 63·2% aggregation with Enterotoxigenic E. coli 10 (ETEC 10). FITC fluorescence labelling showed that the fluorescence intensity of cecum was significantly higher than that of duodenum, jejunum or colon (P < 0·05), but no significant difference from ileum. Lactobacillus agilis 32 bacterial culture and CFS showed average inhibition zone diameters of 14·2 and 15·4 mm respectively. Lactobacillus agilis 32 CFS treatment can significantly reduce the pathogenicity of ETEC 10. These results show that L. agilis 32 is an active and potential probiotic, and it has a good antibacterial effect on ETEC10, which provides basic research for probiotics to prevent and treat intestinal diarrhoea pathogen infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China.,College of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, P. R. China
| | - B Cheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - B Gu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - T Sheng
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - J Tu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - Y Shao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - K Qi
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P. R. China
| | - D Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Anqing Normal University, Anqing, P. R. China
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19
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Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activity and Probiotic Potential of Lactobacillus plantarum Isolated from Chinese Homemade Pickles. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/8818989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antipathogenic activity and probiotic potential of indigenous lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from Chinese homemade pickles. In total, 27 samples were collected from different sites in China. Fifty-nine yielded pure colonies were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing as LAB and were initially evaluated for the antibacterial activity in vitro. Initial screening yielded Lactobacillus plantarum GS083, GS086, and GS090, which showed a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens, especially multidrug-resistant pathogens. Meanwhile, organic acids were mainly responsible for the antimicrobial activity of the LAB strains, and the most abundant of these was lactic acid (19.32 ± 0.95 to 24.79 ± 0.40 g/l). Additionally, three L. plantarum strains demonstrated several basic probiotic characteristics including cell surface hydrophobicity, autoaggregation, and survival under gastrointestinal (GI) tract conditions. The safety of these isolates was also evaluated based on their antibiotic susceptibility, hemolytic risk, bile salt hydrolase activity, and existence of virulence or antibiotic resistance genes. All strains were safe at both the genomic and phenotypic levels. Therefore, L. plantarum GS083, GS086, and GS090 are fairly promising probiotic candidates and may be favorable for use as preservatives in the food industry.
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20
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Priyodip P, Balaji S. Probiotic Validation of a Non-native, Thermostable, Phytase-Producing Bacterium: Streptococcus thermophilus. Curr Microbiol 2020; 77:1540-1549. [PMID: 32248282 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-020-01957-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Phytate-linked nutritional deficiency disorders have plagued poultry for centuries. The application of exogenous phytases in poultry feed has served as a solution to this problem. However, they are linked to certain limitations which include thermal instability during prolonged feed processing. Therefore, in this study, Streptococcus thermophilus 2412 based phytase stability was assessed at higher temperatures up to 90 °C. This was followed by probiotic validation of the same bacterium in an in vitro intestinal model. Bacterial phytase showed thermostability up to 70 °C with a recorded activity of 9.90 U. The bacterium was viable in the intestinal lumen as indicated by the cell count of 6.10 log(CFU/mL) after 16 h. It also showed acid tolerance with a stable cell count of 5.01 log(CFU/mL) after 16 h of incubation at pH 2. The bacterium displayed bile tolerance yielding a cell count of 6.36 log(CFU/mL) in the presence of 0.3% bile. Bacterial susceptibility was observed toward all tested antibiotics with a maximum zone of 20 mm against clindamycin. The maximum antagonistic activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Escherichia coli with inhibition zone diameters up to 10 mm. The above characteristics prove that S. thermophilus 2412 can be used as an effective phytase-producing poultry probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Priyodip
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Seetharaman Balaji
- Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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21
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Fekri A, Torbati M, Yari Khosrowshahi A, Bagherpour Shamloo H, Azadmard-Damirchi S. Functional effects of phytate-degrading, probiotic lactic acid bacteria and yeast strains isolated from Iranian traditional sourdough on the technological and nutritional properties of whole wheat bread. Food Chem 2019; 306:125620. [PMID: 31606627 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeast strains with phytate degrading ability were isolated from Iranian traditional sourdough, and based on the acid and bile tolerance, three LAB and three yeast strains were selected and molecularly identified. In this study, baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) was considered as a positive control strain to investigate the nutritional and technological properties of the isolated strains. All of the identified microorganisms were characterized based on additional probiotic properties and were evaluated for nutritional and technological characteristics. The functional features are associated with degradation of phytate, antioxidant capacity, exopolysaccharides, phenolic compound content and in vitro starch digestion. Among all the tested strains the highest amount of phytase production capacity (1.64 Unit/ml) and lowest phytate content (17.49 mg/5 g) belonged to Kluyveromyces marxianus. According to the results, the bread prepared by using Kluyveromyces aestuarii possessed the highest porosity percentage (70.43%), and the lowest hardness (508.71 g).
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Affiliation(s)
- Arezoo Fekri
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadali Torbati
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Ahmad Yari Khosrowshahi
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Sodeif Azadmard-Damirchi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Food and Drug Safety Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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22
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Somashekaraiah R, Shruthi B, Deepthi BV, Sreenivasa MY. Probiotic Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated From Neera: A Naturally Fermenting Coconut Palm Nectar. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1382. [PMID: 31316477 PMCID: PMC6611078 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotic bacteria were isolated from different traditional fermented foods as there are several such foods that are not well explored for their probiotic activities. Hence, the present study was conducted to find the potential of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) as probiotics that were isolated from the sap extract of the coconut palm inflorescence - Neera, which is a naturally fermented drink consumed in various regions of India. A total of 75 isolates were selected from the Neera samples collected aseptically in the early morning (before sunrise). These isolates were initially screened for cultural, microscopic, and biochemical characteristics. The initial screening yielded 40 Gram-positive, catalase-negative isolates that were further subjected to acid - bile tolerance with resistance to phenol. Among 40 isolates, 16 survived screening using analysis of cell surface hydrophobicity, auto aggregation with adhesion to epithelial cells, and gastric-pancreatic digestion for gastrointestinal colonization. The isolates were also assessed for antimicrobial, antibiotic sensitivity, and anti-oxidative potential. The safety of these isolates was evaluated by their hemolytic and deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activities. Based on these results, seven isolates with the best probiotic attributes were selected and presented in this study. These LAB isolates, with 51.91-70.34% survival at low pH, proved their resistance to gastric conditions. The cell surface hydrophobicity of 50.32-77.8% and auto aggregation of 51.02-78.95% represented the adhesion properties of these isolates. All the seven isolates exhibited good antibacterial and antifungal activity, showing hydroxyl-scavenging activity of 32.86-77.87%. The results proved that LAB isolated from Neera exhibited promising probiotic properties and seem favorable for use in functional fermented foods as preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - B. Shruthi
- Department of Biotechnology, Sahyadri Science College, Kuvempu University, Shimoga, India
| | - B. V. Deepthi
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
| | - M. Y. Sreenivasa
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Mysuru, India
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