1
|
Florjan A, Rupnik M, Mahnic A. Gut microbiota composition in recurrent acute otitis media: a cross-sectional observational study. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2024:10.1007/s12223-024-01174-z. [PMID: 38837014 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-024-01174-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) poses a significant challenge in children aged 1 to 6 years, characterized by frequent and treatment-resistant ear infections. While existing studies predominantly focus on alterations in the nasopharyngeal microbiome associated with rAOM, our research explores the understudied association with the gut microbiome. In this cross-sectional observational prospective study, we enrolled 35 children aged 1 to 6 years during the 2021/2022 cold season. The test group comprised children with rAOM (n = 16), and the control group consisted of generally healthy children (n = 19). Samples (stool and nasopharyngeal swabs) were collected in late spring to ensure an antibiotic-free period. Detailed metadata was gathered through a questionnaire examining factors potentially influencing microbiota. Microbiota composition was assessed through amplicon sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. Our findings revealed limited alterations in gut microbiota composition among children with rAOM compared to healthy controls. Six bacterial taxa (Veillonella, Lachnospiraceae, Ruminococcaceae, Lachnospiraceae, Bacteroides and Blautia) were differentially represented with weak statistical significance. However, several bacterial taxa displayed correlations with multiple consecutive infections, with Turicibacter showing the most significant association. Additionally, day care centre attendance emerged as a potent gut microbiota modifier, independent of rAOM. Although our study identified limited differences in gut microbiota composition between children with rAOM and healthy controls, the observed correlations between the number of infections and specific bacterial taxa suggest a potential link between rAOM and the gut microbiota, warranting further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Florjan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Cervicofacial Surgery, General Hospital Celje, Oblakova ulica 5, 3000, Celje, Slovenia
| | - Maja Rupnik
- Department for Microbiological Research, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Aleksander Mahnic
- Department for Microbiological Research, National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food, Prvomajska ulica 1, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska ulica 8, 2000, Maribor, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ziv O, Adelson D, Sadeh R, Kordeluk S, El-Saied S, Leibovitz E, Kraus M, Kaplan D. The effect of pneumococcal conjugated vaccines on occurrence of recurrent acute otitis media among infants diagnosed with acute otitis media at an age younger than 2 months. Eur J Pediatr 2023:10.1007/s00431-023-04918-0. [PMID: 37052673 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-023-04918-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
To examine the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) on the occurrence of recurrent acute otitis media (rAOM) among infants diagnosed with an early acute otitis media (AOM) episode. Retrospective cohort study of pediatric patients with a first episode of AOM at an age < 2 months. Data included clinical, demographic, and microbiological findings at the first AOM episode. In addition, a 5-year follow-up after the patient's first episode was completed from the medical records. This information included documentation of rAOM episodes and complications of AOM (hearing loss, speech disturbance, mastoiditis, and tympanic membrane perforation) and of ear-related surgical procedures (ventilation tube placement, adenoidectomies, and mastoid surgery). Two groups were studied: patients diagnosed between 2005 and 2009 (representing the unvaccinated group, group 1) and those diagnosed in 2010-2014 (the vaccinated group, group 2). A total of 170 infants were diagnosed with a first AOM episode at an age < 2 months; 81 of them belonged to group 1 and 89 to group 2. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated in the middle-ear fluid in the first AOM episode in 48.1% of the patients in group 1 and in 30.3% in group 2 (P = 0.0316). 49/81 (60.5%) infants in group 1 were diagnosed with rAOM versus 39/80 (43.8%) in group 2 (P = 0.0298). No statistical differences were found between the groups with respect to long-term complications or need for surgery later in life. Conclusion: Our study showed a significant decrease in the occurrence of rAOM in infants diagnosed with AOM during the first 2 months of life and timely immunized with PCVs following this initial AOM episode. What is Known: • 30% of children experience recurrent AOM (rAOM) at the first year of life. The earlier the age of the first AOM, the greater the risk for future complications. • After the introduction of PCVs, the overall pneumococcal AOM incidence declined. We investigated the future effect of PCVs on rAOM occurrence, when administered after the first AOM episode. What is New: • A retrospective cohort of 170 infants with a first AOM episode at an age <2 months and followed for 5 years, showed a significant decrease (28.0%) of rAOM in immunized infants following the initial AOM episode. • Our findings supplement previous data suggesting that the widespread PCVs use prevents rAOM by preventing early AOM and emphasize the importance of timely administration of the PCVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oren Ziv
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
| | - Dana Adelson
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Reem Sadeh
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sofia Kordeluk
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Sabri El-Saied
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Eugene Leibovitz
- Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Mordechai Kraus
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Daniel Kaplan
- Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, POB 151, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Darmawan AB, Dewantari AK, Putri HFM, Wiyatno A, Wahyono DJ, Safari D. Identification of the Viral Pathogens in School Children With Acute Otitis Media in Central Java, Indonesia. Glob Pediatr Health 2023; 10:2333794X221149899. [PMID: 36762370 PMCID: PMC9903006 DOI: 10.1177/2333794x221149899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infectious diseases in pediatric clinical facilities and has a significant impact on health care. It is a polymicrobial disease and is usually preceded by a viral upper respiratory tract infection. Data on the spectrum of viruses that cause AOM in Indonesia are still limited. This study analyzed nasopharynx (NP) samples collected from 119 school children with AOM in Banyumas Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. Viral RNA was extracted for cDNA synthesis, followed by PCR and sequencing tools for detection of a panel of respiratory viruses using family-level primers for Coronaviridae, Enterovirus, Bocavirus, and Pneumovirinae for bocavirus. In total, 37 out of 119 NP samples (31.1%) tested positive for viruses. Human rhinovirus B was the predominant virus identified (32.4%) followed by rhinovirus C (29.7%), human rhinovirus A (27%), and human bocavirus (5.4%). Rhinovirus are predominant viral pathogens within school children with AOM in Central Java, Indonesia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aghnianditya Kresno Dewantari
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Hanifah Fajri Maharani Putri
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ageng Wiyatno
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia,Pipetin Biomedika Indonesia, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia
| | | | - Dodi Safari
- Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia,Dodi Safari, PhD, Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Cibinong, West Java 16911, Indonesia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Veivers D, Williams GM, Toelle BG, de Waterman AMC, Guo Y, Denison L, Yang BY, Dong GH, Jalaludin B, Marks GB, Knibbs LD. The Indoor Environment and Otitis Media among Australian Children: A National Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031551. [PMID: 35162576 PMCID: PMC8835613 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The association between the indoor environment and lifetime prevalence of otitis media (OM) in Australian children was assessed. We analysed data from a cross-sectional study of children, aged 7–11 years, performed in twelve Australian cities during 2007–2008. The main outcome was a parental report of their child’s diagnosis with OM by a doctor. Information on the indoor environment (energy sources used for heating, cooling, and cooking, pets, and second-hand smoke exposure), in the first year of life and at present, was collected from parents by a questionnaire. Multi-level logistic regression models were used to adjust for individual- and area-level confounders. Our analysis comprised 2872 children (51% female, mean age: 10.0 (SD 1.2)). Of those, 1097 (39%) were reported to have OM. Exposure to gas heating in the first year of life was significantly associated with higher odds of OM in adjusted models (OR:1.22; 95% CI: 1.00,1.47), as was current exposure to reverse-cycle air conditioning (OR: 1.52, 95% CI: 1.27,1.82). Ownership of a cat or dog at any time was also associated with high odds of OM (OR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.17,1.92). No other significant associations were observed. In this national study of Australian children, indoor environmental exposures associated with the lifetime prevalence of OM were gas heating, reverse-cycle air conditioning and pet ownership. Exposures in both early life and later childhood may both play a role in OM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Veivers
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
- Northern Clinical School, The University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-94360012
| | - Gail M. Williams
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Brett G. Toelle
- Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW 2050, Australia;
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.M.C.d.W.); (B.J.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Adriana M. Cortés de Waterman
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.M.C.d.W.); (B.J.); (G.B.M.)
| | - Yuming Guo
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; (Y.G.); (L.D.K.)
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Lyn Denison
- ERM Services Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia;
| | - Bo-Yi Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China;
| | - Guang-Hui Dong
- Population Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.M.C.d.W.); (B.J.); (G.B.M.)
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; (Y.G.); (L.D.K.)
- Population Health, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia;
- Ingham Institute, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Guy B. Marks
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; (A.M.C.d.W.); (B.J.); (G.B.M.)
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; (Y.G.); (L.D.K.)
- South Western Sydney Clinical School, The University of New South Wales, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia
| | - Luke D. Knibbs
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia; (Y.G.); (L.D.K.)
- School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Stephens JH, O’Keefe M, Schembri M, Baghurst PA. Parents Need More Support: A Qualitative Study of the Experiences of Australian Parents Who Are Waiting for Surgical Intervention for Their Children With Otitis Media. J Patient Exp 2020; 7:717-725. [PMID: 33294607 PMCID: PMC7705822 DOI: 10.1177/2374373519883495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the experiences, expectations, and motivations of parents/caregivers of children with otitis media who were booked to undergo tympanostomy tube insertion. METHOD A cross-sectional cohort study was conducted using semistructured interviews with 39 parents. Interviews were conducted via telephone and analyzed for key themes. RESULTS Three themes emerged that incorporated a range of subthemes: (1) the impact of the child's underlying condition on the family, (2) the cues and prompts that influenced parents to seek intervention, and (3) the parents' expectations of the health-care system. The child's otitis media disrupted the day-to-day functioning of the family and the child's well-being, but despite this, the families found ways to adapt and cope. Parents were influenced by their friends, family, and medical practitioners when making treatment decisions and had differing expectations of the health-care system. CONCLUSION Parents need support during their child's illness to help with pressures placed on the family and also in making health-care decisions for their child. Clinicians should consider these issues when discussing treatment options with parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline H Stephens
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Aboriginal Health Equity, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Maree O’Keefe
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Mark Schembri
- Ear, Nose and Throat Department, Women’s and Children’s Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter A Baghurst
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Homøe P, Heidemann CH, Damoiseaux RA, Lailach S, Lieu JEC, Phillips JS, Venekamp RP. Panel 5: Impact of otitis media on quality of life and development. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020; 130 Suppl 1:109837. [PMID: 31883704 PMCID: PMC7197055 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.109837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To summarize recent advances in knowledge on otitis media (OM) and quality of life (QoL) and development by synthesizing relevant research in this field published between June 1., 2015 until June 1., 2019. DATA SOURCES Systematic searches of PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library using predefined database-specific syntaxes. REVIEW METHODS Articles selected were randomized controlled trials and observational studies with an adequate control group estimating treatment effects of OM including acute OM (AOM), recurrent AOM (RAOM), OM with effusion (OME), chronic OM (COM) and chronic suppurative OM (CSOM). Items included were Health Status, Health Status Indicators, Quality of Life, Functional Status, Specific Learning Disorder, Developmental Disabilities, Language Development Disorders, and Problem Behavior. RESULTS The electronic database searches yielded a total of 699 records. After screening titles and abstracts, we identified 34 potentially eligible articles. Of these, 18 were excluded. This left 15 articles suitable for inclusion. CONCLUSIONS Although evidence is accumulating that OM may significantly impair children's QoL and development as well as caregiver's QoL, studies on this topic are relatively scarce and vary substantially in terms of methodological quality and outcome measurement instruments (OMI) used. In this review, studies have used 10 different OMIs capturing a wide range of OM symptoms as well as generic and disease-specific QoL outcomes. OM was associated with negative effects on auditory processing, language and speech development, school readiness, social competence, psychosocial wellbeing, and sleep. We found only four relevant randomized controlled trials, which mostly failed to demonstrate superiority of interventions in terms of QoL improvement and reports on reversibility are lacking. This underpins the urgent need for high quality studies in this field using validated and uniform OMIs. To facilitate interpretation and harmonization of study findings, we suggest and support the development of a core outcome set for the various OM entities that should include the most reliable and meaningful QoL and developmental OMIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preben Homøe
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Zealand University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | - Roger Amj Damoiseaux
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Susen Lailach
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Dresden University, Germany
| | - Judith E C Lieu
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Washington University, St. Louis, USA
| | - John S Phillips
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals, NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Roderick P Venekamp
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lavere PF, Ohlstein JF, Smith SP, Szeremeta W, Pine HS. Preventing unnecessary tympanostomy tube placement in children. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 122:40-43. [PMID: 30951971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In 2013 the American Academy of Otolaryngology published tympanostomy tube guidelines for children; Action Statement 6 recommends against tube placement without middle ear effusion (MEE) at time of assessment. To date, little research has directly evaluated this recommendation in reducing the need for ear tubes. We evaluated the effectiveness of this recommendation and potential risk factors that influence the success of watchful waiting. METHODS Retrospective chart review collecting demographics, daycare status, smoking exposure, and time of year of visit. Children aged 6 months to 12 years without MEE on presentation, but with 3 or more episodes of acute otitis media (AOM) in 6 months or 4 or more episodes in 12 months, were assigned to watchful waiting (WW) treatment. These patients were followed every 4 months or returned sooner with additional infections. Any continued AOM, or MEE on follow up leading to tube placement, defined WW failure. RESULTS 123 patients met criteria, with 81 still in WW to date (66% success rate). 42 children failed WW and received tympanostomy tubes (34% failure rate). There were no statistically significant associations between age, race, gender, smoking exposure, daycare, or month of presentation between children who failed WW compared to children receiving tubes. CONCLUSIONS Tympanostomy tube guidelines mitigate unnecessary tube placement in a majority of children with recurrent AOM without MEE. To our knowledge, this is the first study supporting the 2013 recommendations, with a 66% success rate. Additionally, no significant associations between modifying risk factors in those who failed watchful waiting were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Philip F Lavere
- University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology, 7.104 John Sealy Annex, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Jason F Ohlstein
- University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology, 7.104 John Sealy Annex, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA. https://www.utmb.edu/oto/
| | - Steven P Smith
- University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology, 7.104 John Sealy Annex, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Wasyl Szeremeta
- University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology, 7.104 John Sealy Annex, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| | - Harold S Pine
- University of Texas Medical Branch Department of Otolaryngology, 7.104 John Sealy Annex, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Quality of life in Swedish children receiving grommets - An analysis of pre- and postoperative results based on a national quality register. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019; 120:44-50. [PMID: 30771552 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Otitis media with effusion (OME) and recurrent otitis media (rAOM) are two common diagnoses in childhood, both of which are treated with grommets, or ventilation tubes. It is known that affected children have a worse quality of life (QoL), and various questionnaires have been used to evaluate this. The national Swedish quality register for grommet insertions contains some QoL questions that have hitherto never been analysed. METHODS Data from 2010 to 2016 was extracted from the register and analysed with regards to QoL questions, reasons for surgery, hearing levels and number of AOM episodes. RESULTS Preoperative QoL data was available for 3835 children. Before surgery, most parents felt that the QoL of their children was negatively affected by the ear disease. Parents of children with OME were more likely to suspect that their child had a hearing loss (ORs 10.1 and 28.2 for suspecting a mild and severe hearing loss, respectively), but less likely to find that the ear disease affected the child's general wellbeing than did parents of children with rAOM (ORs 0.54 and 0.33 for somewhat and much affected, respectively). Many children underwent surgery despite not fulfilling the criteria for surgery as stipulated in the national guidelines. Those who did fulfil criteria, however, had a more severely affected QoL. A significant improvement was seen in individual QoL scores after surgery (p < 0.001). The degree of postoperative improvement in pure tone average correlated with the improvement in QoL (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This is the first time that the QoL aspect has been analysed in the Swedish grommet register. Though the validity of the questions has not been proven, they provide valuable information. The relevance of the surgical criteria in national guidelines is illustrated by their correlation with the QoL questions, particularly for OME, and the postoperative improvement in QoL suggests parents find that their children benefit from surgery.
Collapse
|
9
|
Nylund A, Toivonen L, Korpilahti P, Kaljonen A, Peltola V, Rautakoski P. Recurrent respiratory tract infections or acute otitis media were not a risk factor for vocabulary development in children at 13 and 24 months of age. Acta Paediatr 2019; 108:288-294. [PMID: 30126046 DOI: 10.1111/apa.14546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2018] [Revised: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study examined associations between recurrent respiratory tract infections (RTI) and acute otitis media (AOM) during the first one and two years of life and vocabulary size at 13 and 24 months of age. METHODS We studied 646 children born between January 2008 and April 2010 and followed up from birth to two years of age with daily diary and study clinic visits during RTIs and AOM. The families were recruited from maternity health care clinics or delivery wards in south-west Finland. Parents completed the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory at 13 and 24 months, and the vocabularies of children with high rates of RTIs or AOM were compared to children without recurrent issues. RESULTS Of the 646 children, 9.6% had recurrent RTIs and 9.9% had recurrent AOM from 0 to 24 months. Children with high rates of RTIs or AOM did not have smaller vocabularies than children without recurrent RTIs or AOM. Girls had larger vocabularies and higher parental socioeconomic status was associated with a larger expressive vocabulary at 24 months. CONCLUSION The child's gender and parental socioeconomic status played a more critical role in vocabulary development in the first two years than a high burden of RTIs or AOM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Nylund
- Department of Logopedics; Abo Akademi University; Turku Finland
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Laura Toivonen
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Turku University Hospital and University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Pirjo Korpilahti
- Department of Speech and Language Pathology; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Anne Kaljonen
- Biostatistics; Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Ville Peltola
- Turku Institute for Child and Youth Research; University of Turku; Turku Finland
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine; Turku University Hospital and University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Bowatte G, Tham R, Perret JL, Bloom MS, Dong G, Waidyatillake N, Bui D, Morgan GG, Jalaludin B, Lodge CJ, Dharmage SC. Air Pollution and Otitis Media in Children: A Systematic Review of Literature. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E257. [PMID: 29401661 PMCID: PMC5858326 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Revised: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Young children are particularly vulnerable to otitis media (OM) which globally affects over 80% of children below the age of 3 years. Although there is convincing evidence for an association between environmental tobacco smoke exposure and OM in children, the relationship with ambient air pollution is not clear. We aimed to systematically review the literature on the relationship between ambient air pollution exposure and OM in children. A systematic search was performed in PubMed and EMBASE databases. Of 934 references identified, 24 articles were included. There is an increasing body of evidence supporting an association between higher ambient air pollution exposure and a higher risk of OM in children. While NO₂ showed the most consistent association with OM, other specific pollutants showed inconsistent associations. Studies were mainly conducted in high/middle income countries with limited evidence from low-income countries. Although there was a general consensus that higher air pollution exposure is associated with a greater prevalence of OM, the evidence for associations with specific pollutants is inconsistent. More well-designed studies on associations between specific air pollutants as risk factors for OM are warranted, especially in low income countries with high air pollution levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayan Bowatte
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
- National Institute of Fundamental Studies, Kandy 20000, Sri Lanka.
| | - Rachel Tham
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Jennifer L Perret
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Michael S Bloom
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences School of Public Health University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health University at Albany, State University of New York, Rensselaer, NY 12144, USA.
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Guanghui Dong
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Nilakshi Waidyatillake
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Dinh Bui
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Geoffrey G Morgan
- University Centre for Rural Health, School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2480, Australia.
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- Healthy People and Places Unit, South Western Sydney Local Health District, Liverpool, NSW 2170, Australia.
| | - Caroline J Lodge
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| | - Shyamali C Dharmage
- Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population & Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The Effect of Ventilating Tubes in Young Children with Recurrent Acute Otitis Media: an Update of the Literature. CURRENT OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40136-017-0150-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|