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de Oliveira JV, Vasquez VL, Beltrão-Mendes R, Pinto MP. Climate change effects on the distribution of yellow-breasted capuchin monkey (Sapajus xanthosternos (Wied-Neuwied, 1826)). Am J Primatol 2023; 85:e23557. [PMID: 37812044 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The magnitude of recent climatic changes has no historical precedent and impacts biodiversity. Climatic changes may displace suitable habitats (areas with suitable climates), leading to global biodiversity decline. Primates are among the most affected groups. Most primates depend on forests and contribute to their maintenance. We evaluated the potential effects of climatic change on the distribution of Sapajus xanthosternos, a critically endangered primate whose geographical range encompasses three Brazilian biomes. We evaluated changes between baseline (1970-2000) and future (2081-2100) climates using multivariate analysis. Then, we compared current and future (2100) climatic suitability projections for the species. The climatic changes predicted throughout the S. xanthosternos range differed mostly longitudinally, with higher temperature increases in the west and higher precipitation reductions in the east. Climatic suitability for S. xanthosternos is predicted to decline in the future. Areas with highest current climatic suitability occur as a narrow strip in the eastern part of the geographic range throughout the latitudinal range. In the future, areas with highest values are projected to be located as an even narrower strip in the eastern part of the geographical range. A small portion of forest remnants larger than 150 ha located in the east has larger current and future suitability values. At this large scale, the spatial heterogeneity of the climate effects reinforce the importance of maintenance of current populations in different areas of the range. The possibility that phenotypic plasticity helps primates cope with reduced climatic suitability may be mediated by habitat availability, quality, and connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica Vargas de Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Vagner Lacerda Vasquez
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Raone Beltrão-Mendes
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS), São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Míriam Plaza Pinto
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Departamento de Ecologia, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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Lima T, Fam B, Tavares GM, Falótico T, Cantele C, Fanti L, Landau L, Viscardi LH, Vargas-Pinilla P, Barrientos-Diaz O, Pissinatti A, Sortica VA, Ottoni EB, Segatto ALA, Turchetto-Zolet AC, Bortolini MC. Insights into the evolutionary history of the most skilled tool-handling platyrrhini monkey: Sapajus libidinosus from the Serra da Capivara National Park. Genet Mol Biol 2023; 46:e20230165. [PMID: 37948505 PMCID: PMC10637428 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sapajus libidinosus members of the Pedra Furada group, living in the Serra da Capivara National Park, use stone tools in a wider variety of behaviors than any other living animal, except humans. To rescue the evolutionary history of the Caatinga S. libidinosus and identify factors that may have contributed to the emergence and maintenance of their tool-use culture, we conducted fieldwork seasons to obtain biological samples of these capuchin monkeys. UsingCYTBsequences, we show a discrete but constant population growth from the beginning of the Holocene to the present, overlapping the emergence of the Caatinga biome. Our habitat suitability reconstruction reports the presence of plants whose hard fruits, seeds, or roots are processed by capuchins using tools. TheS. libidinosusindividuals in the Caatinga were capable of dynamically developing and maintaining their autochthonous culture thanks to: a) cognitive capacity to generate and execute innovation under selective pressure; b) tolerance favoring learning and cultural inheritance; c) an unknown genetic repertoire that underpins the adaptive traits; d) a high degree of terrestriality; e) presence and abundance of natural resources, which makes some places "hot spots" for innovation, and cultural diversification within a relatively short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaynara Lima
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Fam
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Medina Tavares
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Tiago Falótico
- Universidade de São Paulo, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades,
São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Camila Cantele
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucca Fanti
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luane Landau
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Lucas Henriques Viscardi
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul,
Escola de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Pedro Vargas-Pinilla
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto,
Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ossman Barrientos-Diaz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Vinicius A. Sortica
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Medicina Preventiva da Faculdade de
Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo B. Ottoni
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Psicologia, Departamento de
Psicologia Experimental, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia A. Segatto
- Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Centro de Ciências Naturais e
Exatas, Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Santa Maria, RS,
Brazil
| | - Andreia Carina Turchetto-Zolet
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria Cátira Bortolini
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Genética,
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular (PPGBM), Instituto de
Biociências, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Yang L, Chen T, Shi KC, Zhang L, Lwin N, Fan PF. Effects of climate and land-cover change on the conservation status of gibbons. CONSERVATION BIOLOGY : THE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CONSERVATION BIOLOGY 2023; 37:e14045. [PMID: 36511895 DOI: 10.1111/cobi.14045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Species shift their distribution in response to climate and land-cover change, which may result in a spatial mismatch between currently protected areas (PAs) and priority conservation areas (PCAs). We examined the effects of climate and land-cover change on potential range of gibbons and sought to identify PCAs that would conserve them effectively. We collected global gibbon occurrence points and modeled (ecological niche model) their current and potential 2050s ranges under climate-change and different land-cover-change scenarios. We examined change in range and PA coverage between the current and future ranges of each gibbon species. We applied spatial conservation prioritization to identify the top 30% PCAs for each species. We then determined how much of the PCAs are conserved in each country within the global range of gibbons. On average, 31% (SD 22) of each species' current range was covered in PAs. PA coverage of the current range of 9 species was <30%. Nine species lost on average 46% (SD 29) of their potential range due to climate change. Under climate-change with an optimistic land-cover-change scenario (B1), 12 species lost 39% (SD 28) of their range. In a pessimistic land-cover-change scenario (A2), 15 species lost 36% (SD 28) of their range. Five species lost significantly more range under the A2 scenario than the B1 scenario (p = 0.01, SD 0.01), suggesting that gibbons will benefit from effective management of land cover. PA coverage of future range was <30% for 11 species. On average, 32% (SD 25) of PCAs were covered by PAs. Indonesia contained more species and PCAs and thus has the greatest responsibility for gibbon conservation. Indonesia, India, and Myanmar need to expand their PAs to fulfill their responsibility to gibbon conservation. Our results provide a baseline for global gibbon conservation, particularly for countries lacking gibbon research capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kai-Chong Shi
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ngwe Lwin
- Myanmar Programme, Fauna and Flora International, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Peng-Fei Fan
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Primates facing climate crisis in a tropical forest hotspot will lose climatic suitable geographical range. Sci Rep 2023; 13:641. [PMID: 36635347 PMCID: PMC9837198 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26756-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Global climate changes affect biodiversity and cause species distribution shifts, contractions, and expansions. Climate change and disease are emerging threats to primates, and approximately one-quarter of primates' ranges have temperatures over historical ones. How will climate changes influence Atlantic Forest primate ranges? We used habitat suitability models and measured potential changes in area and distributions shifts. Climate change expected in 2100 may change the distribution area of Atlantic Forest primates. Fourteen species (74%) are predicted to lose more than 50% of their distribution, and nine species (47%) are predicted to lose more than 75% of their distribution. The balance was negative, indicating a potential future loss, and the strength of the reduction in the distribution is related to the severity of climate change (SSP scenarios). Directional shifts were detected to the south. The projected mean centroid latitudinal shift is ~ 51 km to the south for 2100 SSP5-8.5 scenario. The possibility of dispersal will depend on suitable routes and landscape configuration. Greenhouse gas emissions should be urgently reduced. Our results also emphasize that no more forest loss is acceptable in Atlantic Forest, and restoration, canopy bridges, friendly agroecosystems, and monitoring of infrastructure projects are urgent to enable dealing with climate change.
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Kufa CA, Bekele A, Atickem A. Impacts of climate change on predicted habitat suitability and distribution of Djaffa Mountains Guereza (Colobus guereza gallarum, Neumann 1902) using MaxEnt algorithm in Eastern Ethiopian Highland. Glob Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2022.e02094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Filho RF, Veiga S, Bezerra B. Bearded capuchin (Sapajus libidinosus) predation on a rock cavy (Kerodon rupestris) followed by prey sharing. Primates 2021; 62:463-466. [PMID: 33772692 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-021-00894-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe predation on an adult rodent rock cavy and sharing of the carcass by a group of male bearded capuchins. Despite many studies, such an interaction has never been observed in bearded capuchins. Rock cavies are large rodents weighing around 25% of the weight of an adult male bearded capuchin. The capuchins chased, caught, and shared the adult rock cavy. We observed no strong evidence of communication or division of roles in the successful capture, suggesting that the social hunting episode was not necessarily coordinated or collaborative. Instead, the individuals apparently tried to achieve the same goal of capturing the prey simultaneously (i.e., individuals synchronously performed similar actions to achieve the task), with the strongest individual emerging victorious and tolerating prey sharing afterwards. Our observations add to the understanding of cooperative behaviours such as social hunting and food sharing in bearded capuchins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robério Freire Filho
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamento e Conservação (LECC), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil.
| | - Sanjay Veiga
- Faculdade de Veterinaria-FAVET, UECE, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Campus do Itaperi, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil
| | - Bruna Bezerra
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Animal, Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Biociências, Laboratório de Ecologia Comportamento e Conservação (LECC), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, 50670-420, Brazil
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Souza-Alves JP, Chagas RRD, Santana MM, Boyle SA, Bezerra BM. Food availability, plant diversity, and vegetation structure drive behavioral and ecological variation in Endangered Coimbra-Filho's titi monkeys. Am J Primatol 2021; 83:e23237. [PMID: 33528872 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is wide variability in primate behavior and ecology. Understanding how frugivorous primates behave under different habitat fragmentation levels is key for effective conservation and management of species and their habitats. We evaluated the seasonality in activity budget, diet, and ranging behavior of two groups of Endangered Coimbra-Filho's titi monkeys (Callicebus coimbrai). One group inhabited a 14-ha forest fragment, whereas the other lived in a 522-ha fragment. We measured the monthly density of trees and lianas available as food sources over 8 months. We also collected behavioral and group location data every 5 min, from dawn to dusk, using the scan sampling method. The two forest fragments differed seasonally in the number of fruiting food-resource available. In the 14-ha fragment, we found that the time spent by titi monkeys feeding, foraging, resting, and traveling differed seasonally. In the 522-ha fragment, titi monkeys exhibited seasonal differences in time spent sleeping, socializing, foraging, and revisiting food sources. In both titi monkey groups, diets varied seasonally. Our findings indicate that Coimbra-Filho's titi monkeys can exhibit behavioral flexibility in their activity budgets, diets, and movement patterns. Such flexibility is important for this species to survive in fragmented habitats and may be linked to three key factors: species-specific resource availability, plant species diversity, and the vegetation structure of each forest fragment.
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Affiliation(s)
- João P Souza-Alves
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Biology, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Department of Systematics and Ecology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil.,Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Ecology, Behavior and Conservation (LECC), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Renata R D Chagas
- Postgraduate Program in Biological Science, Department of Systematics and Ecology, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Brazil
| | - Marina M Santana
- Postgraduate Program in Ecology and Conservation, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Brazil
| | - Sarah A Boyle
- Department of Biology, Rhodes College, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruna M Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Biology, Department of Zoology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.,Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Ecology, Behavior and Conservation (LECC), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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